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  • How to check null element if it is integer array in Java?

    - by masato-san
    I'm quite new to Java and having an issue checking null element in integer array. I'm using Eclipse for editor and the line that checks null element is showing error: Line that complains: if(a[i] != null) { Error msg from Eclipse: The operator != is undefined for the argument type(s) int, null In PHP, this works without any problem but in Java it seems like I have to change the array type from integer to Object to make the line not complain (like below) Object[] a = new Object[3]; So my question is if I still want to declare as integer array and still want to check null, what is the syntax for it? Code: public void test() { int[] a = new int[3]; for(int i=0; i<a.length; i++) { if(a[i] != null) { //this line complains... System.out.println('null!'); } } }

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  • Can't compile std::map sorting, why?

    - by Vincenzo
    This is my code: map<string, int> errs; struct Compare { bool operator() (map<string, int>::const_iterator l, map<string, int>::const_iterator r) { return ((*l).second < (*r).second); } } comp; sort(errs.begin(), errs.end(), comp); Can't compile. This is what I'm getting: no matching function for call to ‘sort(..’ Why so? Can anyone help? Thanks!

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  • can function return 0 as reference

    - by helloWorld
    I have this snippet of the code Account& Company::findAccount(int id){ for(list<Account>::const_iterator i = listOfAccounts.begin(); i != listOfAccounts.end(); ++i){ if(i->nID == id){ return *i; } } return 0; } Is this right way to return 0 if I didn't find appropriate account? cause I receive an error: no match for 'operator!' in '!((Company*)this)->Company::findAccount(id)' I use it this way: if(!(findAccount(id))){ throw "hey"; } thanks in advance

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  • Double "!!" in Ruby [closed]

    - by Alex Maslakov
    Possible Duplicate: What does !! mean in ruby? Ruby, !! operator (a/k/a the double-bang) Sometimes I see a Ruby code like this def sent? !!@sent_at end It seems to be not logical. Is it necessary to use here double !? As far as I'm concerned, it might be just def sent? @sent_at end UPDATE: then what is the difference between these def sent? !!@sent_at end def sent? @sent_at.nil? end def sent? @sent_at == nil end

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  • name of class that manipulates the entities

    - by cyberguest
    hi, i have a general question regarding naming convention. if I separate the data and operations into two separate classes. one has the data elements (entity), the other class manipulates the entity class. what do we usually call that class that manipulates the entity class? (the entity I am referring to has nothing to do with any kind of entity framework) manager? controller? operator? manipulator? thanks in advance

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  • Implementing an iterator over binary tree using C++ 11

    - by user1459339
    I would like to create an iterator over the binary tree so as to be able to use range-based for loop. I understand I ought to implement the begin() and end() function first. Begin should probably point to the root. According to the specification, however, the end() functions returns "the element following the last valid element". Which element (node) is that? Would it not be illegal to point to some "invalid" place? The other thing is the operator++. What is the best way to return "next" element in tree? I just need some advice to begin with this programming.

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  • Doubt regarding usage of array as a pointer in C

    - by Som
    For eg. I have an array of structs 'a' as below: struct mystruct{ int b int num; }; struct bigger_struct { struct my_struct a[10]; } struct bigger_struct *some_var; i know that the name of an array when used as a value implicitly refers to the address of the first element of the array.(Which is how the array subscript operator works at-least) Can i know do the other way around i.e if i do: some_var->a->b, it should be equivalent to some_var->a[0]->b, am i right? I have tested this and it seems to work , but is this semantically 100% correct?

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  • RESTful enums. string or Id?

    - by GazTheDestroyer
    I have a RESTful service that exposes enums. Should I expose them as localised strings, or plain integers? My leaning is toward integers for easy conversion at the service end, but in that case the client needs to grab a list of localised strings from somewhere in order to know what the enums mean. Am I just creating extra steps for nothing? There seems to be little information I can find about which is commonly done in RESTful APIs. EDIT: OK. Let's say I'm writing a website that stores information about people's pets. I could have an AnimalType enum 0 Dog 1 Cat 2 Rabbit etc. When people grab a particular pet resource, say /pets/1, I can either provide a meaningful localised string for the animal type, or just provide the ID and force them to do another look up via a /pets/types resource. Or should I provide both?

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  • question about copy constructor

    - by lego69
    I have this class: class A { private: int player; public: A(int initPlayer = 0); A(const A&); A& operator=(const A&); ~A(); void foo() const; }; and I have function which contains this row: A *pa1 = new A(a2); can somebody please explain what exactly is going on, when I call A(a2) compiler calls copy constructor or constructor, thanks in advance

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  • partial string matching - R

    - by DonDyck
    I need to write a query in R to match partial string in column names. I am looking for something similar to LIKE operator in SQL. For e.g, if I know beginning, middle or end part of the string I would write the query in format: LIKE 'beginning%middle%' in SQL and it would return matching strings. In pmatch or grep it seems I can only specify 'beginning' , 'end' and not the order. Is there any similar function in R that I am looking for? For example, say I am looking in the vector: y<- c("I am looking for a dog", "looking for a new dog", "a dog", "I am just looking") Lets say I want to write a query which picks "looking for a new dog" and I know start of the string is "looking" and end of string is "dog". If I do a grep("dog",y) it will return 1,2,3. Is there any way I can specify beginning and end in grep?

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  • How to get it working in O(n)?

    - by evermean
    I came across an interview task/question that really got me thinking ... so here it goes: You have an array A[N] of N numbers. You have to compose an array Output[N] such that Output[i] will be equal to multiplication of all the elements of A[N] except A[i]. For example Output[0] will be multiplication of A[1] to A[N-1] and Output[1] will be multiplication of A[0] and from A[2] to A[N-1]. Solve it without division operator and in O(n). I really tried to come up with a solution but I always end up with a complexity of O(n^2). Perhaps the is anyone smarter than me who can tell me an algorithm that works in O(n) or at least give me a hint...

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  • Can typeid() be used to pass a function?

    - by Kerb_z
    I tried this and got the output as: void Please explain the following Code: #include <cstdio> #include <typeinfo> using namespace std ; void foo() { } int main(void) { printf("%s", typeid(foo()).name());// Please notice this line, is it same as typeid( ).name() ? return 0; } AFAIK: The typeid operator allows the type of an object to be determined at run time. So, does this sample code tell us that a function that returns void is of *type void*. I mean a function is a method and has no type. Correct?

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  • casting a node to integer

    - by user1708762
    The code gives an error saying that "no operator matches these two operands" in the if comparison statement. I interpret,it should mean that "a node can't be converted/casted into an integer". But, the print statement prints an integer value for w[2] when used with %d format. Why is that happening? Isn't printf casting it? NODE *w=(NODE *)malloc(4*sizeof(NODE)); if(w[2]==0) printf("%d\n",w[2]); The structure of the node is- struct node{ int key; struct node *father; struct node *child[S]; int *ss; int current; };

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  • Converting byte[] of binary fixed point to floating point value?

    - by Sean Donohue
    I'm reading some data over a socket. The integral data types are no trouble, the System.BitConverter methods are correctly handling the conversion. (So there are no Endian issues to worry about, I think?) However, BitConverter.ToDouble isn't working for the floating point parts of the data...the source specification is a bit low level for me, but talks about a binary fixed point representation with a positive byte offset in the more significant direction and negative byte offset in the less significant direction. Most of the research I've done has been aimed at C++ or a full fixed-point library handling sines and cosines, which sounds like overkill for this problem. Could someone please help me with a C# function to produce a float from 8 bytes of a byte array with, say, a -3 byte offset?

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  • Dynamic memory allocation with default values

    - by viswanathan
    class A { private: int m_nValue; public: A() { m_nValue = 0; } A(int nValue) { m_nValue = nValue); ~A() {} } Now in main if i call A a(2);// 2 will be assigned for m_nValue of object A. Now how do we do this if i want to define an array of objects. Also how do we do this if i dynamically create objects using operator new like A *pA; pA = new A[5];// while creating the object i want the parameterised constructor to be //called I hope the question is clear. Do let me know if more explanation is needed

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  • How to search and validate plain texts (where it starts with http AND ends with .aspx) to be a valid hyperlink in a page body content?

    - by syntaxcode
    My web page content is populated by a plain text that is retrieved from a CDATA format - plain text data. This is the site http://checksite.apsx to get information. For more information, visit http://moresites.com/FAQ/index.html or search the site. Now, my goal is to convert this plain text to a valid hyperlinks. I've used a javascript code that does the conversion - /((http|https|ftp):\/\/[^ ]+)/g; , but sometimes if there are multiple words, it captures an invalid URL. My question: Is there a way to strictly capture any string that starts with "http" AND ends with ".html" or "aspx" will be converted into a valid hyperlink? it should look like this - This is the site http://checksite.apsx to get information. For more information, visit http://moresites.com/FAQ/index.html or search the site.

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  • private virtual function in derived class

    - by user1706047
    class base { public: virtual void doSomething() = 0; }; class derived : public base { **private:** virtual void doSomething(){cout<<"Derived fn"<<endl;} }; now if i do the following: base *b=new child; b->doSomething(); //it calls the derived class fn even if that is private. Question: 1.its able to call the derived class fn even if that is private.How is it possible? Now if i change the inheritance access specifier from public to protected/private then i get compilation error as "'type cast' : conversion from 'Derived *' to 'base *' exists, but is inaccessible" Notes: I am aware on the concepts of the inheritance access specifiers.So in second case as its derived private/protected, its inaccessible. But here it confuses me for the first question. Any input will be highly appreciated

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  • mySQL : using BETWEEN in table ?

    - by Meko
    I have a table that includes somestudent group name ,lesson time,day names like Schedule. I am using C# whit MYSql and I want to find which lesson is when user press button from table. I can find it like entering exact value like in table 08:30 or 10:25 , it finds. But I want to make that getting system time and checking that is it between 08:30 and 10:25 or 10:25 and 12:30 . Then I can sythat it is first lesson or it is second lesson . I have also table includes Table_Time column has 5 record like 08:20 , 10:25 , 12:20 so on. Could I use like : select Lesson_Time from mydb.clock where Lesson_Time between (current time)-30 AND (current time)+30 Or can I use between operator between two columns ? Like creating Lesson_Time_Start and Lesson_Time_End and compairing current time like Lesson_Start_Time

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  • read integers from a file into a vector in C++

    - by user2922063
    I am trying to read an unknown number of double values stored on separate lines from a text file into a vector called rainfall. My code won't compile; I am getting the error no match for 'operator>>' in 'inputFile >> rainfall' for the while loop line. I understand how to read in from a file into an array, but we are required to use vectors for this project and I'm not getting it. I appreciate any tips you can give on my partial code below. vector<double> rainfall; // a vector to hold rainfall data // open file ifstream inputFile("/home/shared/data4.txt"); // test file open if (inputFile) { int count = 0; // count number of items in the file // read the elements in the file into a vector while ( inputFile >> rainfall ) { rainfall.push_back(count); ++count; } // close the file

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  • What does the & sign mean in PHP?

    - by jeffkee
    I was trying to find this answer on Google but I guess the symbol & works as some operator, or is just not generally a searchable term for any reason.. anyhow. I saw this code snippet while learning how to create wordpress plugins, so I just need to know what the & means when it precedes a variable that holds a class object. //Actions and Filters if (isset($dl_pluginSeries)) { //Actions add_action('wp_head', array(&$dl_pluginSeries, 'addHeaderCode'), 1); //Filters add_filter('the_content', array(&$dl_pluginSeries, 'addContent')); }

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  • use of const in c++ [closed]

    - by prp
    class X; class Y { public: Y(const X & x){cout<<"In Y"<<endl;} }; class X { public: operator Y()const{cout<<"In X"<<endl;} }; void fun(Y y) { cout<<"In fun"<<endl; } int main() { X x; fun(x); } can any one throw some light on this c++ program ...please i am new to c++

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  • Performing an operation based on values within an array

    - by James W.
    I'm trying to figure out how to do operations based on values in an array. The values are taken from a string and inserted into the array e.g num = TextBox.Text.Split(' '); results = Convert.ToDouble(num[0]); for (int i = 0; i < num.Length - 1; i++) { if (num[i] == "+") { results += Convert.ToDouble(num[i++]); } ... } So based on this, let's say the TextBox string value was "1 + 2". So the array would be: ------------- | 1 | + | 2 | ------------- 0 1 2 (indexes) The part I'm having trouble with is Convert.ToDouble(num[i++]).. I've tried num[1] + 1, num[i + 1], etc I'm trying to figure out how to get it to perform the operation based on the first value and the value in the index after the operator. Which is the correct way to do something like this?

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  • Small and fast .NET programs? - 65% runtime in ResolvePolicy

    - by forki23
    Hi, I tried to build a very very small .NET app in F#. It just has to convert a small string into another string and print the result to the console like: convert.exe myString == prints something like "myConvertedString" I used dottrace to analyze the performance: 26% (168ms) in my actual string conversion (I thinks this is ok.) 65,80% (425ms) in ResolvePolicy in System.Security.SecurityManager A runtime 500ms on every execution is way too slow. Can I do something to improve this? It would be Ok if only the first call needs this time. Regards, forki

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  • Are there any javascript string formatting operations similar to the way %s is used in Python?

    - by Phil
    I've been writing a lot of javascript, and when I want to stick a variable in a string, I've been doing it like so: $("#more_info span#author").html("Created by: <a href='/user/" + author + "'>" + author + "</a>"); I feel like it's pretty ugly and a pain to write over and over. In python the %s operator makes this problem easy. Even in C, I can do sprintf (IIRC). Is there anything like that in javascript? (Lots of google'ing yielded nothing.)

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  • Microsoft and jQuery

    - by Rick Strahl
    The jQuery JavaScript library has been steadily getting more popular and with recent developments from Microsoft, jQuery is also getting ever more exposure on the ASP.NET platform including now directly from Microsoft. jQuery is a light weight, open source DOM manipulation library for JavaScript that has changed how many developers think about JavaScript. You can download it and find more information on jQuery on www.jquery.com. For me jQuery has had a huge impact on how I develop Web applications and was probably the main reason I went from dreading to do JavaScript development to actually looking forward to implementing client side JavaScript functionality. It has also had a profound impact on my JavaScript skill level for me by seeing how the library accomplishes things (and often reviewing the terse but excellent source code). jQuery made an uncomfortable development platform (JavaScript + DOM) a joy to work on. Although jQuery is by no means the only JavaScript library out there, its ease of use, small size, huge community of plug-ins and pure usefulness has made it easily the most popular JavaScript library available today. As a long time jQuery user, I’ve been excited to see the developments from Microsoft that are bringing jQuery to more ASP.NET developers and providing more integration with jQuery for ASP.NET’s core features rather than relying on the ASP.NET AJAX library. Microsoft and jQuery – making Friends jQuery is an open source project but in the last couple of years Microsoft has really thrown its weight behind supporting this open source library as a supported component on the Microsoft platform. When I say supported I literally mean supported: Microsoft now offers actual tech support for jQuery as part of their Product Support Services (PSS) as jQuery integration has become part of several of the ASP.NET toolkits and ships in several of the default Web project templates in Visual Studio 2010. The ASP.NET MVC 3 framework (still in Beta) also uses jQuery for a variety of client side support features including client side validation and we can look forward toward more integration of client side functionality via jQuery in both MVC and WebForms in the future. In other words jQuery is becoming an optional but included component of the ASP.NET platform. PSS support means that support staff will answer jQuery related support questions as part of any support incidents related to ASP.NET which provides some piece of mind to some corporate development shops that require end to end support from Microsoft. In addition to including jQuery and supporting it, Microsoft has also been getting involved in providing development resources for extending jQuery’s functionality via plug-ins. Microsoft’s last version of the Microsoft Ajax Library – which is the successor to the native ASP.NET AJAX Library – included some really cool functionality for client templates, databinding and localization. As it turns out Microsoft has rebuilt most of that functionality using jQuery as the base API and provided jQuery plug-ins of these components. Very recently these three plug-ins were submitted and have been approved for inclusion in the official jQuery plug-in repository and been taken over by the jQuery team for further improvements and maintenance. Even more surprising: The jQuery-templates component has actually been approved for inclusion in the next major update of the jQuery core in jQuery V1.5, which means it will become a native feature that doesn’t require additional script files to be loaded. Imagine this – an open source contribution from Microsoft that has been accepted into a major open source project for a core feature improvement. Microsoft has come a long way indeed! What the Microsoft Involvement with jQuery means to you For Microsoft jQuery support is a strategic decision that affects their direction in client side development, but nothing stopped you from using jQuery in your applications prior to Microsoft’s official backing and in fact a large chunk of developers did so readily prior to Microsoft’s announcement. Official support from Microsoft brings a few benefits to developers however. jQuery support in Visual Studio 2010 means built-in support for jQuery IntelliSense, automatically added jQuery scripts in many projects types and a common base for client side functionality that actually uses what most developers are already using. If you have already been using jQuery and were worried about straying from the Microsoft line and their internal Microsoft Ajax Library – worry no more. With official support and the change in direction towards jQuery Microsoft is now following along what most in the ASP.NET community had already been doing by using jQuery, which is likely the reason for Microsoft’s shift in direction in the first place. ASP.NET AJAX and the Microsoft AJAX Library weren’t bad technology – there was tons of useful functionality buried in these libraries. However, these libraries never got off the ground, mainly because early incarnations were squarely aimed at control/component developers rather than application developers. For all the functionality that these controls provided for control developers they lacked in useful and easily usable application developer functionality that was easily accessible in day to day client side development. The result was that even though Microsoft shipped support for these tools in the box (in .NET 3.5 and 4.0), other than for the internal support in ASP.NET for things like the UpdatePanel and the ASP.NET AJAX Control Toolkit as well as some third party vendors, the Microsoft client libraries were largely ignored by the developer community opening the door for other client side solutions. Microsoft seems to be acknowledging developer choice in this case: Many more developers were going down the jQuery path rather than using the Microsoft built libraries and there seems to be little sense in continuing development of a technology that largely goes unused by the majority of developers. Kudos for Microsoft for recognizing this and gracefully changing directions. Note that even though there will be no further development in the Microsoft client libraries they will continue to be supported so if you’re using them in your applications there’s no reason to start running for the exit in a panic and start re-writing everything with jQuery. Although that might be a reasonable choice in some cases, jQuery and the Microsoft libraries work well side by side so that you can leave existing solutions untouched even as you enhance them with jQuery. The Microsoft jQuery Plug-ins – Solid Core Features One of the most interesting developments in Microsoft’s embracing of jQuery is that Microsoft has started contributing to jQuery via standard mechanism set for jQuery developers: By submitting plug-ins. Microsoft took some of the nicest new features of the unpublished Microsoft Ajax Client Library and re-wrote these components for jQuery and then submitted them as plug-ins to the jQuery plug-in repository. Accepted plug-ins get taken over by the jQuery team and that’s exactly what happened with the three plug-ins submitted by Microsoft with the templating plug-in even getting slated to be published as part of the jQuery core in the next major release (1.5). The following plug-ins are provided by Microsoft: jQuery Templates – a client side template rendering engine jQuery Data Link – a client side databinder that can synchronize changes without code jQuery Globalization – provides formatting and conversion features for dates and numbers The first two are ports of functionality that was slated for the Microsoft Ajax Library while functionality for the globalization library provides functionality that was already found in the original ASP.NET AJAX library. To me all three plug-ins address a pressing need in client side applications and provide functionality I’ve previously used in other incarnations, but with more complete implementations. Let’s take a close look at these plug-ins. jQuery Templates http://api.jquery.com/category/plugins/templates/ Client side templating is a key component for building rich JavaScript applications in the browser. Templating on the client lets you avoid from manually creating markup by creating DOM nodes and injecting them individually into the document via code. Rather you can create markup templates – similar to the way you create classic ASP server markup – and merge data into these templates to render HTML which you can then inject into the document or replace existing content with. Output from templates are rendered as a jQuery matched set and can then be easily inserted into the document as needed. Templating is key to minimize client side code and reduce repeated code for rendering logic. Instead a single template can be used in many places for updating and adding content to existing pages. Further if you build pure AJAX interfaces that rely entirely on client rendering of the initial page content, templates allow you to a use a single markup template to handle all rendering of each specific HTML section/element. I’ve used a number of different client rendering template engines with jQuery in the past including jTemplates (a PHP style templating engine) and a modified version of John Resig’s MicroTemplating engine which I built into my own set of libraries because it’s such a commonly used feature in my client side applications. jQuery templates adds a much richer templating model that allows for sub-templates and access to the data items. Like John Resig’s original Micro Template engine, the core basics of the templating engine create JavaScript code which means that templates can include JavaScript code. To give you a basic idea of how templates work imagine I have an application that downloads a set of stock quotes based on a symbol list then displays them in the document. To do this you can create an ‘item’ template that describes how each of the quotes is renderd as a template inside of the document: <script id="stockTemplate" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> <div id="divStockQuote" class="errordisplay" style="width: 500px;"> <div class="label">Company:</div><div><b>${Company}(${Symbol})</b></div> <div class="label">Last Price:</div><div>${LastPrice}</div> <div class="label">Net Change:</div><div> {{if NetChange > 0}} <b style="color:green" >${NetChange}</b> {{else}} <b style="color:red" >${NetChange}</b> {{/if}} </div> <div class="label">Last Update:</div><div>${LastQuoteTimeString}</div> </div> </script> The ‘template’ is little more than HTML with some markup expressions inside of it that define the template language. Notice the embedded ${} expressions which reference data from the quote objects returned from an AJAX call on the server. You can embed any JavaScript or value expression in these template expressions. There are also a number of structural commands like {{if}} and {{each}} that provide for rudimentary logic inside of your templates as well as commands ({{tmpl}} and {{wrap}}) for nesting templates. You can find more about the full set of markup expressions available in the documentation. To load up this data you can use code like the following: <script type="text/javascript"> //var Proxy = new ServiceProxy("../PageMethods/PageMethodsService.asmx/"); $(document).ready(function () { $("#btnGetQuotes").click(GetQuotes); }); function GetQuotes() { var symbols = $("#txtSymbols").val().split(","); $.ajax({ url: "../PageMethods/PageMethodsService.asmx/GetStockQuotes", data: JSON.stringify({ symbols: symbols }), // parameter map type: "POST", // data has to be POSTed contentType: "application/json", timeout: 10000, dataType: "json", success: function (result) { var quotes = result.d; var jEl = $("#stockTemplate").tmpl(quotes); $("#quoteDisplay").empty().append(jEl); }, error: function (xhr, status) { alert(status + "\r\n" + xhr.responseText); } }); }; </script> In this case an ASMX AJAX service is called to retrieve the stock quotes. The service returns an array of quote objects. The result is returned as an object with the .d property (in Microsoft service style) that returns the actual array of quotes. The template is applied with: var jEl = $("#stockTemplate").tmpl(quotes); which selects the template script tag and uses the .tmpl() function to apply the data to it. The result is a jQuery matched set of elements that can then be appended to the quote display element in the page. The template is merged against an array in this example. When the result is an array the template is automatically applied to each each array item. If you pass a single data item – like say a stock quote – the template works exactly the same way but is applied only once. Templates also have access to a $data item which provides the current data item and information about the tempalte that is currently executing. This makes it possible to keep context within the context of the template itself and also to pass context from a parent template to a child template which is very powerful. Templates can be evaluated by using the template selector and calling the .tmpl() function on the jQuery matched set as shown above or you can use the static $.tmpl() function to provide a template as a string. This allows you to dynamically create templates in code or – more likely – to load templates from the server via AJAX calls. In short there are options The above shows off some of the basics, but there’s much for functionality available in the template engine. Check the documentation link for more information and links to additional examples. The plug-in download also comes with a number of examples that demonstrate functionality. jQuery templates will become a native component in jQuery Core 1.5, so it’s definitely worthwhile checking out the engine today and get familiar with this interface. As much as I’m stoked about templating becoming part of the jQuery core because it’s such an integral part of many applications, there are also a couple shortcomings in the current incarnation: Lack of Error Handling Currently if you embed an expression that is invalid it’s simply not rendered. There’s no error rendered into the template nor do the various  template functions throw errors which leaves finding of bugs as a runtime exercise. I would like some mechanism – optional if possible – to be able to get error info of what is failing in a template when it’s rendered. No String Output Templates are always rendered into a jQuery matched set and there’s no way that I can see to directly render to a string. String output can be useful for debugging as well as opening up templating for creating non-HTML string output. Limited JavaScript Access Unlike John Resig’s original MicroTemplating Engine which was entirely based on JavaScript code generation these templates are limited to a few structured commands that can ‘execute’. There’s no code execution inside of script code which means you’re limited to calling expressions available in global objects or the data item passed in. This may or may not be a big deal depending on the complexity of your template logic. Error handling has been discussed quite a bit and it’s likely there will be some solution to that particualar issue by the time jQuery templates ship. The others are relatively minor issues but something to think about anyway. jQuery Data Link http://api.jquery.com/category/plugins/data-link/ jQuery Data Link provides the ability to do two-way data binding between input controls and an underlying object’s properties. The typical scenario is linking a textbox to a property of an object and have the object updated when the text in the textbox is changed and have the textbox change when the value in the object or the entire object changes. The plug-in also supports converter functions that can be applied to provide the conversion logic from string to some other value typically necessary for mapping things like textbox string input to say a number property and potentially applying additional formatting and calculations. In theory this sounds great, however in reality this plug-in has some serious usability issues. Using the plug-in you can do things like the following to bind data: person = { firstName: "rick", lastName: "strahl"}; $(document).ready( function() { // provide for two-way linking of inputs $("form").link(person); // bind to non-input elements explicitly $("#objFirst").link(person, { firstName: { name: "objFirst", convertBack: function (value, source, target) { $(target).text(value); } } }); $("#objLast").link(person, { lastName: { name: "objLast", convertBack: function (value, source, target) { $(target).text(value); } } }); }); This code hooks up two-way linking between a couple of textboxes on the page and the person object. The first line in the .ready() handler provides mapping of object to form field with the same field names as properties on the object. Note that .link() does NOT bind items into the textboxes when you call .link() – changes are mapped only when values change and you move out of the field. Strike one. The two following commands allow manual binding of values to specific DOM elements which is effectively a one-way bind. You specify the object and a then an explicit mapping where name is an ID in the document. The converter is required to explicitly assign the value to the element. Strike two. You can also detect changes to the underlying object and cause updates to the input elements bound. Unfortunately the syntax to do this is not very natural as you have to rely on the jQuery data object. To update an object’s properties and get change notification looks like this: function updateFirstName() { $(person).data("firstName", person.firstName + " (code updated)"); } This works fine in causing any linked fields to be updated. In the bindings above both the firstName input field and objFirst DOM element gets updated. But the syntax requires you to use a jQuery .data() call for each property change to ensure that the changes are tracked properly. Really? Sure you’re binding through multiple layers of abstraction now but how is that better than just manually assigning values? The code savings (if any) are going to be minimal. As much as I would like to have a WPF/Silverlight/Observable-like binding mechanism in client script, this plug-in doesn’t help much towards that goal in its current incarnation. While you can bind values, the ‘binder’ is too limited to be really useful. If initial values can’t be assigned from the mappings you’re going to end up duplicating work loading the data using some other mechanism. There’s no easy way to re-bind data with a different object altogether since updates trigger only through the .data members. Finally, any non-input elements have to be bound via code that’s fairly verbose and frankly may be more voluminous than what you might write by hand for manual binding and unbinding. Two way binding can be very useful but it has to be easy and most importantly natural. If it’s more work to hook up a binding than writing a couple of lines to do binding/unbinding this sort of thing helps very little in most scenarios. In talking to some of the developers the feature set for Data Link is not complete and they are still soliciting input for features and functionality. If you have ideas on how you want this feature to be more useful get involved and post your recommendations. As it stands, it looks to me like this component needs a lot of love to become useful. For this component to really provide value, bindings need to be able to be refreshed easily and work at the object level, not just the property level. It seems to me we would be much better served by a model binder object that can perform these binding/unbinding tasks in bulk rather than a tool where each link has to be mapped first. I also find the choice of creating a jQuery plug-in questionable – it seems a standalone object – albeit one that relies on the jQuery library – would provide a more intuitive interface than the current forcing of options onto a plug-in style interface. Out of the three Microsoft created components this is by far the least useful and least polished implementation at this point. jQuery Globalization http://github.com/jquery/jquery-global Globalization in JavaScript applications often gets short shrift and part of the reason for this is that natively in JavaScript there’s little support for formatting and parsing of numbers and dates. There are a number of JavaScript libraries out there that provide some support for globalization, but most are limited to a particular portion of globalization. As .NET developers we’re fairly spoiled by the richness of APIs provided in the framework and when dealing with client development one really notices the lack of these features. While you may not necessarily need to localize your application the globalization plug-in also helps with some basic tasks for non-localized applications: Dealing with formatting and parsing of dates and time values. Dates in particular are problematic in JavaScript as there are no formatters whatsoever except the .toString() method which outputs a verbose and next to useless long string. With the globalization plug-in you get a good chunk of the formatting and parsing functionality that the .NET framework provides on the server. You can write code like the following for example to format numbers and dates: var date = new Date(); var output = $.format(date, "MMM. dd, yy") + "\r\n" + $.format(date, "d") + "\r\n" + // 10/25/2010 $.format(1222.32213, "N2") + "\r\n" + $.format(1222.33, "c") + "\r\n"; alert(output); This becomes even more useful if you combine it with templates which can also include any JavaScript expressions. Assuming the globalization plug-in is loaded you can create template expressions that use the $.format function. Here’s the template I used earlier for the stock quote again with a couple of formats applied: <script id="stockTemplate" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> <div id="divStockQuote" class="errordisplay" style="width: 500px;"> <div class="label">Company:</div><div><b>${Company}(${Symbol})</b></div> <div class="label">Last Price:</div> <div>${$.format(LastPrice,"N2")}</div> <div class="label">Net Change:</div><div> {{if NetChange > 0}} <b style="color:green" >${NetChange}</b> {{else}} <b style="color:red" >${NetChange}</b> {{/if}} </div> <div class="label">Last Update:</div> <div>${$.format(LastQuoteTime,"MMM dd, yyyy")}</div> </div> </script> There are also parsing methods that can parse dates and numbers from strings into numbers easily: alert($.parseDate("25.10.2010")); alert($.parseInt("12.222")); // de-DE uses . for thousands separators As you can see culture specific options are taken into account when parsing. The globalization plugin provides rich support for a variety of locales: Get a list of all available cultures Query cultures for culture items (like currency symbol, separators etc.) Localized string names for all calendar related items (days of week, months) Generated off of .NET’s supported locales In short you get much of the same functionality that you already might be using in .NET on the server side. The plugin includes a huge number of locales and an Globalization.all.min.js file that contains the text defaults for each of these locales as well as small locale specific script files that define each of the locale specific settings. It’s highly recommended that you NOT use the huge globalization file that includes all locales, but rather add script references to only those languages you explicitly care about. Overall this plug-in is a welcome helper. Even if you use it with a single locale (like en-US) and do no other localization, you’ll gain solid support for number and date formatting which is a vital feature of many applications. Changes for Microsoft It’s good to see Microsoft coming out of its shell and away from the ‘not-built-here’ mentality that has been so pervasive in the past. It’s especially good to see it applied to jQuery – a technology that has stood in drastic contrast to Microsoft’s own internal efforts in terms of design, usage model and… popularity. It’s great to see that Microsoft is paying attention to what customers prefer to use and supporting the customer sentiment – even if it meant drastically changing course of policy and moving into a more open and sharing environment in the process. The additional jQuery support that has been introduced in the last two years certainly has made lives easier for many developers on the ASP.NET platform. It’s also nice to see Microsoft submitting proposals through the standard jQuery process of plug-ins and getting accepted for various very useful projects. Certainly the jQuery Templates plug-in is going to be very useful to many especially since it will be baked into the jQuery core in jQuery 1.5. I hope we see more of this type of involvement from Microsoft in the future. Kudos!© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in jQuery  ASP.NET  

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