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  • Python 2.6 + PIL + Google App Engine issue

    - by mswallace
    I am using OS X 1.6 snow leopard and I successfully got PIL installed. I am able to open terminal and type import Image without any errors. However, When using app engine I get Image error still saying that PIL is not installed. I am wondering if any of you have an thoughts as to how I can resolve this issue. -Matthew

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  • Python 3.1 - Memory Error during sampling of a large list

    - by jimy
    The input list can be more than 1 million numbers. When I run the following code with smaller 'repeats', its fine; def sample(x): length = 1000000 new_array = random.sample((list(x)),length) return (new_array) def repeat_sample(x): i = 0 repeats = 100 list_of_samples = [] for i in range(repeats): list_of_samples.append(sample(x)) return(list_of_samples) repeat_sample(large_array) However, using high repeats such as the 100 above, results in MemoryError. Traceback is as follows; Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python31\rnd.py", line 221, in <module> STORED_REPEAT_SAMPLE = repeat_sample(STORED_ARRAY) File "C:\Python31\rnd.py", line 129, in repeat_sample list_of_samples.append(sample(x)) File "C:\Python31\rnd.py", line 121, in sample new_array = random.sample((list(x)),length) File "C:\Python31\lib\random.py", line 309, in sample result = [None] * k MemoryError I am assuming I'm running out of memory. I do not know how to get around this problem. Thank you for your time!

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  • Exposing classes inside modules within a Python package directly in the package's namespace

    - by Richard Waite
    I have a wxPython application with the various GUI classes in their own modules in a package called gui. With this setup, importing the main window would be done as follows: from gui.mainwindow import MainWindow This looked messy to me so I changed the __init__.py file for the gui package to import the class directly into the package namespace: from mainwindow import MainWindow This allows me to import the main window like this: from gui import MainWindow This looks better to me aesthetically and I think it also more closely represents what I'm doing (importing the MainWindow class from the gui "namespace"). The reason I made the gui package was to keep all the GUI stuff together. I could have just as easily made a single gui module and stuffed all the GUI classes in it, but I think that would have been unmanageable. The package now appears to work like a module, but allows me to separate the classes into their own modules (along with helper functions, etc.). This whole thing strikes me as somewhat petty, I just thought I'd throw it out there to see what others think about the idea.

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  • Python: Embed Chaco in PyQt4 Mystery

    - by random guy
    How do i go about adding Chaco to an existing PyQt4 application? Hours of searches yielded little (search for yourself). So far i've figured i need the following lines: import os os.environ['ETS_TOOLKIT']='qt4' i could not find PyQt4-Chaco code anywhere on the internets i would be very grateful to anyone filling in the blanks to show me the simplest line plot possible (with 2 points) from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui import sys import os os.environ['ETS_TOOLKIT']='qt4' from enthought <blanks> : : app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) main_window = QtGui.QMainWindow() main_window.setCentralWidget(<blanks>) main_window.show() app.exec_() print('bye') what Chaco/Enthought class inherits from QWidget ?

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  • Python ZSI : error while serializing an object ?

    - by KaluSingh Gabbar
    this is the code, I get error that it can not serialize reference (sumReq) sumReqClass = GED("http://www.some-service.com/sample", "getSumRequest").pyclass sumReq = sumReqClass() rq = GetSumSoapIn() sum._sumReqObj = sumReq rs=proxy.GetSum(rq, soapheaders=[credentials]) I get error : TypeError: bad usage, failed to serialize element reference (http://www.some-service.com/sample, getSumRequest), in: /SOAP-ENV:Body

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  • Problem with dictionary key in Python

    - by Hossein
    Hi all, For some project I have to make a dictionary in which the keys are urls,among which I have this url: http://www.microsoft.com/isapi/redir.dll prd=windows&sbp=mediaplayer&ar=Media&sba=Guide&pver=6.2 the url is too long to fit in here I guess in one single line. there is a space between .dll and prd. I can build a dictionary without any errors this url is also a key. but for some reason when I want to extract the values associated to this key(url). I cannot, I get and error "error key:...." Does someone know what is wrong with this url? Are dictionary keys sensitive to some stuff? thanks

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  • filtering elements from list of lists in Python?

    - by user248237
    I want to filter elements from a list of lists, and iterate over the elements of each element using a lambda. For example, given the list: a = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]] suppose that I want to keep only elements where the sum of the list is greater than N. I tried writing: filter(lambda x, y, z: x + y + z >= N, a) but I get the error: <lambda>() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given) How can I iterate while assigning values of each element to x, y, and z? Something like zip, but for arbitrarily long lists. thanks, p.s. I know I can write this using: filter(lambda x: sum(x)..., a) but that's not the point, imagine that these were not numbers but arbitrary elements and I wanted to assign their values to variable names.

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  • Python: Count lines and differentiate between them

    - by Mister X
    I'm using an application that gives a timed output based on how many times something is done in a minute, and I wish to manually take the output (copy paste) and have my program, and I wish to count how many times each minute it is done. An example output is this: 13:48 An event happened. 13:48 Another event happened. 13:49 A new event happened. 13:49 A random event happened. 13:49 An event happened. So, the program would need to understand that 2 things happened at 13:48, and 3 at 13:49. I'm not sure how the information would be stored, but I need to average them after, to determine an average of how often it happens. Sorry for being so complicated!

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  • Python/Django Concatenate a string depending on whether that string exists

    - by Douglas Meehan
    I'm creating a property on a Django model called "address". I want address to consist of the concatenation of a number of fields I have on my model. The problem is that not all instances of this model will have values for all of these fields. So, I want to concatenate only those fields that have values. What is the best/most Pythonic way to do this? Here are the relevant fields from the model: house = models.IntegerField('House Number', null=True, blank=True) suf = models.CharField('House Number Suffix', max_length=1, null=True, blank=True) unit = models.CharField('Address Unit', max_length=7, null=True, blank=True) stex = models.IntegerField('Address Extention', null=True, blank=True) stdir = models.CharField('Street Direction', max_length=254, null=True, blank=True) stnam = models.CharField('Street Name', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True) stdes = models.CharField('Street Designation', max_length=3, null=True, blank=True) stdessuf = models.CharField('Street Designation Suffix',max_length=1, null=True, blank=True) I could just do something like this: def _get_address(self): return "%s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s" % (self.house, self.suf, self.unit, self.stex, self.stdir, self.stname, self.stdes, self.stdessuf) but then there would be extra blank spaces in the result. I could do a series of if statements and concatenate within each, but that seems ugly. What's the best way to handle this situation? Thanks.

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  • Search for a pattern in a list of strings - Python

    - by Holtz
    I have a list of strings containing filenames such as, file_names = ['filei.txt','filej.txt','filek.txt','file2i.txt','file2j.txt','file2k.txt','file3i.txt','file3j.txt','file3k.txt'] I then remove the .txt extension using: extension = os.path.commonprefix([n[::-1] for n in file_names])[::-1] file_names_strip = [n[:-len(extension)] for n in file_names] And then return the last character of each string in the list file_names_strip: h = [n[-1:] for n in file_names_strip] Which gives h = ['i', 'j', 'k', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'i', 'j', 'k'] How can i test for a pattern of strings in h? So if i,j,k occur sequentially it would return True and False if not. I need to know this because not all file names are formatted like they are in file_names. So: test_ijk_pattern(h) = True no_pattern = ['1','2','3','1','2','3','1','2','3'] test_ijk_pattern(no_pattern) = False

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  • python decorator to add function to list in current scope

    - by AlexH
    Goal: Make a decorator which can modify the scope that it is used in. If it worked: class Blah(): # or perhaps class Blah(ParentClassWhichMakesThisPossible) def one(self): pass @decorated def two(self): pass Blah.decorated ["two"] Why? I essentially want to write classes which can maintain specific dictionaries of methods, so that I can retrieve lists of available methods of different types on a per class basis. errr..... I want to do this: class RuleClass(ParentClass): @rule def blah(self): pass @rule def kapow(self): pass def shazam(self): class OtherRuleClass(ParentClass): @rule def foo(self): pass def bar(self): pass RuleClass.rules.keys() ["blah", "kapow"] OtherRuleClass.rules.keys() ["foo"]

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  • tkinter python entry not being displayed

    - by user1050619
    I have created a Form with labels and entries..but for some reason the entries are not being created, peoplegui.py from tkinter import * from tkinter.messagebox import showerror import shelve shelvename = 'class-shelve' fieldnames = ('name','age','job','pay') def makewidgets(): global entries window = Tk() window.title('People Shelve') form = Frame(window) form.pack() entries = {} for (ix, label) in enumerate(('key',) + fieldnames): lab = Label(form, text=label) ent = Entry(form) lab.grid(row=ix, column=0) lab.grid(row=ix, column=1) entries[label] = ent Button(window, text="Fetch", command=fetchRecord).pack(side=LEFT) Button(window, text="Update", command=updateRecord).pack(side=LEFT) Button(window, text="Quit", command=window.quit).pack(side=RIGHT) return window def fetchRecord(): print('In fetch') def updateRecord(): print('In update') if __name__ == '__main__': window = makewidgets() window.mainloop() When I run it the labels are created but not the entries.

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  • Need help with re for matching and getting the value python

    - by laspal
    Hi, Need help regarding re. file = 'file No.WR79050107006 from files' So what I am trying to do is validate if file string contains WR + 11 digit. result = re.match('^(\S| )*(?P<sr>(\d){11})(\S| )*', file) Its validate only 11 digit but not WR before it. How can I do that? Using re after matching how can I get the match value ( WR79050107006) I can do string find index = file.find('file No.') and then get the value of next 13 char. thanks

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  • Python decorator question

    - by nsharish
    decorator 1: def dec(f): def wrap(obj, *args, **kwargs): f(obj, *args,**kwargs) return wrap decorator 2: class dec: def __init__(self, f): self.f = f def __call__(self, obj, *args, **kwargs): self.f(obj, *args, **kwargs) A sample class, class Test: @dec def disp(self, *args, **kwargs): print(*args,**kwargs) The follwing code works with decorator 1 but not with decorator 2. a = Test() a.disp("Message") I dont understand why decorator 2 is not working here. Can someone help me with this?

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  • Logical python question - handeling directories and files in them

    - by Konstantin
    Hello! I'm using this function to extract files from .zip archive and store it on the server: def unzip_file_into_dir(file, dir): import sys, zipfile, os, os.path os.makedirs(dir, 0777) zfobj = zipfile.ZipFile(file) for name in zfobj.namelist(): if name.endswith('/'): os.mkdir(os.path.join(dir, name)) else: outfile = open(os.path.join(dir, name), 'wb') outfile.write(zfobj.read(name)) outfile.close() And the usage: unzip_file_into_dir('/var/zips/somearchive.zip', '/var/www/extracted_zip') somearchive.zip have this structure: somearchive.zip 1.jpeg 2.jpeg another.jpeg or, somethimes, this one: somearchive.zip somedir/ 1.jpeg 2.jpeg another.jpeg Question is: how do I modify my function, so that my extracted_zip catalog would always contain just images, not images in another subdirectory, even if images are stored in somedir inside an archive.

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  • I have an Errno 13 Permission denied with subprocess in python

    - by wDroter
    The line with the issue is ret=subprocess.call(shlex.split(cmd)) cmd = /usr/share/java -cp pig-hadoop-conf-Simpsons:lib/pig-0.8.1-cdh3u1-core.jar:lib/hadoop-core-0.20.2-cdh3u1.jar org.apache.pig.Main -param func=cat -param from =foo.txt -x mapreduce fsFunc.pig The error is. File "./run_pig.py", line 157, in process ret=subprocess.call(shlex.split(cmd)) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 493, in call return Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs).wait() File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 679, in __init__ errread, errwrite) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1249, in _execute_child raise child_exception OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied Let me know if any more info is needed. Any help is appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Python: Created nested dictionary from list of paths

    - by sberry2A
    I have a list of tuples the looks similar to this (simplified here, there are over 14,000 of these tuples with more complicated paths than Obj.part) [ (Obj1.part1, {<SPEC>}), (Obj1.partN, {<SPEC>}), (ObjK.partN, {<SPEC>}) ] Where Obj goes from 1 - 1000, part from 0 - 2000. These "keys" all have a dictionary of specs associated with them which act as a lookup reference for inspecting another binary file. The specs dict contains information such as the bit offset, bit size, and C type of the data pointed to by the path ObjK.partN. For example: Obj4.part500 might have this spec, {'size':32, 'offset':128, 'type':'int'} which would let me know that to access Obj4.part500 in the binary file I must unpack 32 bits from offset 128. So, now I want to take my list of strings and create a nested dictionary which in the simplified case will look like this data = { 'Obj1' : {'part1':{spec}, 'partN':{spec} }, 'ObjK' : {'part1':{spec}, 'partN':{spec} } } To do this I am currently doing two things, 1. I am using a dotdict class to be able to use dot notation for dictionary get / set. That class looks like this: class dotdict(dict): def __getattr__(self, attr): return self.get(attr, None) __setattr__ = dict.__setitem__ __delattr__ = dict.__delitem__ The method for creating the nested "dotdict"s looks like this: def addPath(self, spec, parts, base): if len(parts) > 1: item = base.setdefault(parts[0], dotdict()) self.addPath(spec, parts[1:], item) else: item = base.setdefault(parts[0], spec) return base Then I just do something like: for path, spec in paths: self.lookup = dotdict() self.addPath(spec, path.split("."), self.lookup) So, in the end self.lookup.Obj4.part500 points to the spec. Is there a better (more pythonic) way to do this?

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  • Can't iterate over a list class in Python

    - by Vicky
    I'm trying to write a simple GUI front end for Plurk using pyplurk. I have successfully got it to create the API connection, log in, and retrieve and display a list of friends. Now I'm trying to retrieve and display a list of Plurks. pyplurk provides a GetNewPlurks function as follows: def GetNewPlurks(self, since): '''Get new plurks since the specified time. Args: since: [datetime.datetime] the timestamp criterion. Returns: A PlurkPostList object or None. ''' offset = jsonizer.conv_datetime(since) status_code, result = self._CallAPI('/Polling/getPlurks', offset=offset) return None if status_code != 200 else \ PlurkPostList(result['plurks'], result['plurk_users'].values()) As you can see this returns a PlurkPostList, which in turn is defined as follows: class PlurkPostList: '''A list of plurks and the set of users that posted them.''' def __init__(self, plurk_json_list, user_json_list=[]): self._plurks = [PlurkPost(p) for p in plurk_json_list] self._users = [PlurkUser(u) for u in user_json_list] def __iter__(self): return self._plurks def GetUsers(self): return self._users def __eq__(self, other): if other.__class__ != PlurkPostList: return False if self._plurks != other._plurks: return False if self._users != other._users: return False return True Now I expected to be able to do something like this: api = plurk_api_urllib2.PlurkAPI(open('api.key').read().strip(), debug_level=1) plurkproxy = PlurkProxy(api, json.loads) user = plurkproxy.Login('my_user', 'my_pass') ps = plurkproxy.GetNewPlurks(datetime.datetime(2009, 12, 12, 0, 0, 0)) print ps for p in ps: print str(p) When I run this, what I actually get is: <plurk.PlurkPostList instance at 0x01E8D738> from the "print ps", then: for p in ps: TypeError: __iter__ returned non-iterator of type 'list' I don't understand - surely a list is iterable? Where am I going wrong - how do I access the Plurks in the PlurkPostList?

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  • Global variables in Python

    - by rejinacm
    A global variable created in one function cannot be used in another function directly. Instead I need to store the global variable in a local variable of the function which needs its access. Am I correct? Why is it so?

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  • Python - calendar.timegm() vs. time.mktime()

    - by ibz
    I seem to have a hard time getting my head around this. What's the difference between calendar.timegm() and time.mktime()? Say I have a datetime.datetime with no tzinfo attached, shouldn't the two give the same output? Don't they both give the number of seconds between epoch and the date passed as a parameter? And since the date passed has no tzinfo, isn't that number of seconds the same? >>> import calendar >>> import time >>> import datetime >>> d = datetime.datetime(2010, 10, 10) >>> calendar.timegm(d.timetuple()) 1286668800 >>> time.mktime(d.timetuple()) 1286640000.0 >>>

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  • calling a function from another function in python

    - by user1040503
    I have written this function that takes to strings in order to see if they are anagrams: def anagram_check(str_x, str_y): x = string1.replace(" ","") y = string2.replace(" ","") lower1 = x.lower() lower2 = y.lower() sorted1 = sorted(lower1) sorted2 = sorted(lower2) if sorted1 == sorted2: return True else: return False this function works fine, the problem is that now I need to use this function in another function in order to find anagrams in a text file. I want to print a list of tuples with all the anagrams in it. this is what i have done so far def anagrams_finder(words_num): anagrams = [] f = open("words.txt") a = list(f) list1 = ([s.replace('\n', '') for s in a]) list2 = ([i.lower() for i in list1]) list3 = list2[0:words_num] #number of words from text that need to be checked. for i in list3: .... I tried using for loops, while loops, appand.... but nothing seems to work. how can I use the first function in order to help me with the second? Please help...

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