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  • Django, LDAP & 'NSS Certificate DB' unable to login

    - by Pepi
    I am trying to connect to a remote ldap server. After the authenticate(), the terminal asks me about a pin, password of pass phrase for security token 'NSS Certificate DB'. What is this? The LDAP server OS is CentOS. Django + django-auth-ldap In [1]: from django_auth_ldap.backend import LDAPBackend In [2]: ldap = LDAPBackend() In [3]: from django_auth_ldap.backend import LDAPBackend In [4]: ldap.authenticate('username', 'password') Please enter pin, password, or pass phrase for security token 'NSS Certificate DB': P.S. The connection is over SSL

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  • cpio VS tar and cp

    - by Tim
    I just learned that cpio has three modes: copy-out, copy-in and pass-through. I was wondering what are the advantages and disadvantages of cpio under copy-out and copy-in modes over tar. When is it better to use cpio and when to use tar? Similar question for cpio under pass-through mode versus cp. Thanks and regards!

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  • Extend partition windows powershell

    - by user128364
    I want to create a Windows Powershell script to extend my partition through WMI (remotely), IP Address of my host id 10.10.10.10 $pass = convertto-securestring "abc123#" -asplaintext -force $mycred = new-object -typename System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -argumentlist "10.10.10.10\Administrator",$pass Invoke-Command -ComputerName 10.10.10.10 -Credential $myCred -ScriptBlock {"rescan","select volume 2","extend" | diskpart} Do we have any method with use of Invoke-Wmimethod

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  • Rewriting Apache URLs to use only paths and set response headers

    - by jabley
    I have apache httpd in front of an application running in Tomcat. The application exposes URLs of the form: /path/to/images?id={an-image-id} The entities returned by such URLs are images (even though URIs are opaque, I find human-friendly ones are easier to work with!). The application does not set caching directives on the image response, so I've added that via Apache. # LocationMatch to set caching directives on image responses <LocationMatch "^/path/to/images$"> # Can't have Set-Cookie on response, otherwise the downstream caching proxy # won't cache! Header unset Set-Cookie # Mark the response as cacheable. Header append Cache-Control "max-age=8640000" </LocationMatch> Note that I can't use ExpiresByType since not all images served by the app have versioned URIs. I know that ones served by the /path/to/images resource handler are versioned URIs though, which don't perform any sort of content negotiation, and thus are ripe for Far Future Expires management. This is working well for us. Now a requirement has come up to put something else in front of the app (in this case, Amazon CloudFront) to further distribute and cache some of the content. Amazon CloudFront will not pass query string parameters through to my origin server. I thought I would be able to work around this, by changing my apache config appropriately: # Rewrite to map new Amazon CloudFront friendly URIs to the application resources RewriteRule ^/new/path/to/images/([0-9]+) /path/to/images?id=$1 [PT] # LocationMatch to set caching directives on image responses <LocationMatch "^/path/to/images$"> # Can't have Set-Cookie on response, otherwise the downstream caching proxy # won't cache! Header unset Set-Cookie # Mark the response as cacheable. Header append Cache-Control "max-age=8640000" </LocationMatch> This works fine in terms of serving the content, but there are no longer caching directives with the response. I've tried playing around with [PT], [P] for the RewriteRule, and adding a new LocationMatch directive: # Rewrite to map new Amazon CloudFront friendly URIs to the application resources # /new/path/to/images/12345 -> /path/to/images?id=12345 RewriteRule ^/new/path/to/images/([0-9]+) /path/to/images?id=$1 [PT] # LocationMatch to set caching directives on image responses <LocationMatch "^/path/to/images$"> # Can't have Set-Cookie on response, otherwise the downstream caching proxy # won't cache! Header unset Set-Cookie # Mark the response as cacheable. Header append Cache-Control "max-age=8640000" </LocationMatch> <LocationMatch "^/new/path/to/images/"> # Can't have Set-Cookie on response, otherwise the downstream caching proxy # won't cache! Header unset Set-Cookie # Mark the response as cacheable. Header append Cache-Control "max-age=8640000" </LocationMatch> Unfortunately, I'm still unable to get the Cache-Control header added to the response with the new URL format. Please point out what I'm missing to get /new/path/to/images/12345 returning a 200 response with a Cache-Control: max-age=8640000 header. Pointers as to how to debug apache like this would be appreciated as well!

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  • autologin on webpage?

    - by blackjack
    hi i need to type in my username and pass to connect to internet through a captive portal provided by my isp is there a automatic way(any software/script) to type in info(in username and pass fields) and login without me typing and pressing that %$^& login button every time on my browser(chrome)?

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  • Squid - Logging to MySQL without empty rows/skipped records?

    - by Lee Ward
    I'm trying to figure out how to make Squid proxy log to MySQL. I know ACL order is pretty important but I'm not sure if I understand exactly what ACLs are or do, it's difficult to explain, but hopefully you'll see where I'm going with this as you read! I have created the lines to make Squid interact with a helper in squid.conf as follows: external_acl_type mysql_log %LOGIN %SRC %PROTO %URI php /etc/squid3/custom/mysql_lg.php acl ex_log external mysql_log http_access allow ex_log The external ACL helper (mysql_lg.php) is a PHP script and is as follows: error_reporting(0); if (! defined(STDIN)) { define("STDIN", fopen("php://stdin", "r")); } $res = mysql_connect('localhost', 'squid', 'testsquidpw'); $dbres = mysql_select_db('squid', $res); while (!feof(STDIN)) { $line = trim(fgets(STDIN)); $fields = explode(' ', $line); $user = rawurldecode($fields[0]); $cli_ip = rawurldecode($fields[1]); $protocol = rawurldecode($fields[2]); $uri = rawurldecode($fields[3]); $q = "INSERT INTO logs (id, user, cli_ip, protocol, url) VALUES ('', '".$user."', '".$cli_ip."', '".$protocol."', '".$uri."');"; mysql_query($q) or die (mysql_error()); if ($fault) { fwrite(STDOUT, "ERR\n"); }; fwrite(STDOUT, "OK\n"); } The configuration I have right now looks like this: ## Authentication Handler auth_param ntlm program /usr/bin/ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=squid-2.5-ntlmssp auth_param ntlm children 30 auth_param negotiate program /usr/bin/ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=squid-2.5-basic auth_param negotiate children 5 # Allow squid to update log external_acl_type mysql_log %LOGIN %SRC %PROTO %URI php /etc/squid3/custom/mysql_lg.php acl ex_log external mysql_log http_access allow ex_log acl localnet src 172.16.45.0/24 acl AuthorizedUsers proxy_auth REQUIRED acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl CONNECT method CONNECT acl blockeddomain url_regex "/etc/squid3/bl.acl" http_access deny blockeddomain deny_info ERR_BAD_GENERAL blockeddomain # Deny requests to certain unsafe ports http_access deny !Safe_ports # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # Allow the internal network access to this proxy http_access allow localnet # Allow authorized users access to this proxy http_access allow AuthorizedUsers # FINAL RULE - Deny all other access to this proxy http_access deny all From testing, the closer to the bottom I place the logging lines the less it logs. Oftentimes, it even places empty rows in to the MySQL table. The file-based logs in /var/log/squid3/access.log are correct but many of the rows in the access logs are missing from the MySQL logs. I can't help but think it's down to the order I'm putting lines in because I want to log everything to MySQL, unauthenticated requests, blocked requests, which category blocked a specific request. The reason I want this in MySQL is because I'm trying to have everything managed via a custom web-based frontend and want to avoid using any shell commands and access to system log files if I can help it. The end result is to make it as easy as possible to maintain without keeping staff waiting on the phone whilst I add a new rule and reload the server! Hopefully someone can help me out here because this is very much a learning experience for me and I'm pretty stumped. Many thanks in advance for any help!

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  • bind named server - forward some requests to other servers

    - by Pentium100
    Is there a way to make bind answer some queries but forward all other queries (of the same domain) to another server, as in: example.com A 127.0.0.1 www.example.com A 127.0.0.1 everything not on this list (example.com MX, ftp.example.com A etc) - ask 192.168.0.1 (another DNS server) Essentially I want to intercept some (but not all) queries going to (in this example) 192.168.0.1 and answer for it. example.com A- intercept www.example.com - intercept example.com MX - pass trough ftp.example.com - pass trough

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  • Zipping folder with absolute path without keeping tree of folders

    - by Preston
    I am attempting to use the zip -r command to zip a folder which includes two files. I need to pass the absolute path of the folder with two files (/path/to/my/files/), which is causing all of the folders to be zipped with it, where as I only need the last folder (files/) and its contents to be zipped, so that when the file is unzipped, there is only one folder and the two files within it. How can I modify the command to be able to pass the absolute paths in the arguments while keeping only the last folder?

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  • Chrome command line arguments w/ url?

    - by John Isaacks
    when launching chrome from the windows command line I can pass arguments like so: ...>chrome.exe -incognito I can also pass a URL to open ...>chrome.exe google.com Each work fine on their own but I can't get them to work together. What I want is to launch it with a url, and open in its OWN tab, and hide the url, buttons, etc. like a utility window but I do want it resizable.

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  • What's the most compact way to store a password-protected RSA key?

    - by Tim
    I've tried converting a PEM-encoded key to DER format, and it appears the password is stripped regardless of the -passout argument. Example: openssl rsa -in tmp.pem -outform DER -out tmp.der -passin pass:foo -passout pass:bar -des3 The resulting key appears no longer password-protected, so I am assuming that DER format does not support a password - is that correct? What alternative way is there to store this in a compact, binary form, and keep the password-protection?

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  • Using the West Wind Web Toolkit to set up AJAX and REST Services

    - by Rick Strahl
    I frequently get questions about which option to use for creating AJAX and REST backends for ASP.NET applications. There are many solutions out there to do this actually, but when I have a choice - not surprisingly - I fall back to my own tools in the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. I've talked a bunch about the 'in-the-box' solutions in the past so for a change in this post I'll talk about the tools that I use in my own and customer applications to handle AJAX and REST based access to service resources using the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. Let me preface this by saying that I like things to be easy. Yes flexible is very important as well but not at the expense of over-complexity. The goal I've had with my tools is make it drop dead easy, with good performance while providing the core features that I'm after, which are: Easy AJAX/JSON Callbacks Ability to return any kind of non JSON content (string, stream, byte[], images) Ability to work with both XML and JSON interchangeably for input/output Access endpoints via POST data, RPC JSON calls, GET QueryString values or Routing interface Easy to use generic JavaScript client to make RPC calls (same syntax, just what you need) Ability to create clean URLS with Routing Ability to use standard ASP.NET HTTP Stack for HTTP semantics It's all about options! In this post I'll demonstrate most of these features (except XML) in a few simple and short samples which you can download. So let's take a look and see how you can build an AJAX callback solution with the West Wind Web Toolkit. Installing the Toolkit Assemblies The easiest and leanest way of using the Toolkit in your Web project is to grab it via NuGet: West Wind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) and drop it into the project by right clicking in your Project and choosing Manage NuGet Packages from anywhere in the Project.   When done you end up with your project looking like this: What just happened? Nuget added two assemblies - Westwind.Web and Westwind.Utilities and the client ww.jquery.js library. It also added a couple of references into web.config: The default namespaces so they can be accessed in pages/views and a ScriptCompressionModule that the toolkit optionally uses to compress script resources served from within the assembly (namely ww.jquery.js and optionally jquery.js). Creating a new Service The West Wind Web Toolkit supports several ways of creating and accessing AJAX services, but for this post I'll stick to the lower level approach that works from any plain HTML page or of course MVC, WebForms, WebPages. There's also a WebForms specific control that makes this even easier but I'll leave that for another post. So, to create a new standalone AJAX/REST service we can create a new HttpHandler in the new project either as a pure class based handler or as a generic .ASHX handler. Both work equally well, but generic handlers don't require any web.config configuration so I'll use that here. In the root of the project add a Generic Handler. I'm going to call this one StockService.ashx. Once the handler has been created, edit the code and remove all of the handler body code. Then change the base class to CallbackHandler and add methods that have a [CallbackMethod] attribute. Here's the modified base handler implementation now looks like with an added HelloWorld method: using System; using Westwind.Web; namespace WestWindWebAjax { /// <summary> /// Handler implements CallbackHandler to provide REST/AJAX services /// </summary> public class SampleService : CallbackHandler { [CallbackMethod] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } } } Notice that the class inherits from CallbackHandler and that the HelloWorld service method is marked up with [CallbackMethod]. We're done here. Services Urlbased Syntax Once you compile, the 'service' is live can respond to requests. All CallbackHandlers support input in GET and POST formats, and can return results as JSON or XML. To check our fancy HelloWorld method we can now access the service like this: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/StockService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick which produces a default JSON response - in this case a string (wrapped in quotes as it's JSON): (note by default JSON will be downloaded by most browsers not displayed - various options are available to view JSON right in the browser) If I want to return the same data as XML I can tack on a &format=xml at the end of the querystring which produces: <string>Hello Rick. Time is: 11/1/2011 12:11:13 PM</string> Cleaner URLs with Routing Syntax If you want cleaner URLs for each operation you can also configure custom routes on a per URL basis similar to the way that WCF REST does. To do this you need to add a new RouteHandler to your application's startup code in global.asax.cs one for each CallbackHandler based service you create: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes<StockService>(RouteTable.Routes); } With this code in place you can now add RouteUrl properties to any of your service methods. For the HelloWorld method that doesn't make a ton of sense but here is what a routed clean URL might look like in definition: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/HelloWorld/{name}")] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } The same URL I previously used now becomes a bit shorter and more readable with: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/HelloWorld/Rick It's an easy way to create cleaner URLs and still get the same functionality. Calling the Service with $.getJSON() Since the result produced is JSON you can now easily consume this data using jQuery's getJSON method. First we need a couple of scripts - jquery.js and ww.jquery.js in the page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="Css/Westwind.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="scripts/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="scripts/ww.jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> Next let's add a small HelloWorld example form (what else) that has a single textbox to type a name, a button and a div tag to receive the result: <fieldset> <legend>Hello World</legend> Please enter a name: <input type="text" name="txtHello" id="txtHello" value="" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHello" value="Say Hello (POST)" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHelloGet" value="Say Hello (GET)" /> <div id="divHelloMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none;width: 450px;" > </div> </fieldset> Then to call the HelloWorld method a little jQuery is used to hook the document startup and the button click followed by the $.getJSON call to retrieve the data from the server. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $("#btnSayHelloGet").click(function () { $.getJSON("SampleService.ashx", { Method: "HelloWorld", name: $("#txtHello").val() }, function (result) { $("#divHelloMessage") .text(result) .fadeIn(1000); }); });</script> .getJSON() expects a full URL to the endpoint of our service, which is the ASHX file. We can either provide a full URL (SampleService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick) or we can just provide the base URL and an object that encodes the query string parameters for us using an object map that has a property that matches each parameter for the server method. We can also use the clean URL routing syntax, but using the object parameter encoding actually is safer as the parameters will get properly encoded by jQuery. The result returned is whatever the result on the server method is - in this case a string. The string is applied to the divHelloMessage element and we're done. Obviously this is a trivial example, but it demonstrates the basics of getting a JSON response back to the browser. AJAX Post Syntax - using ajaxCallMethod() The previous example allows you basic control over the data that you send to the server via querystring parameters. This works OK for simple values like short strings, numbers and boolean values, but doesn't really work if you need to pass something more complex like an object or an array back up to the server. To handle traditional RPC type messaging where the idea is to map server side functions and results to a client side invokation, POST operations can be used. The easiest way to use this functionality is to use ww.jquery.js and the ajaxCallMethod() function. ww.jquery wraps jQuery's AJAX functions and knows implicitly how to call a CallbackServer method with parameters and parse the result. Let's look at another simple example that posts a simple value but returns something more interesting. Let's start with the service method: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/{symbol}")] public StockQuote GetStockQuote(string symbol) { Response.Cache.SetExpires(DateTime.UtcNow.Add(new TimeSpan(0, 2, 0))); StockServer server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); return quote; } This sample utilizes a small StockServer helper class (included in the sample) that downloads a stock quote from Yahoo's financial site via plain HTTP GET requests and formats it into a StockQuote object. Lets create a small HTML block that lets us query for the quote and display it: <fieldset> <legend>Single Stock Quote</legend> Please enter a stock symbol: <input type="text" name="txtSymbol" id="txtSymbol" value="msft" /> <input type="button" id="btnStockQuote" value="Get Quote" /> <div id="divStockDisplay" class="errordisplay" style="display:none; width: 450px;"> <div class="label-left">Company:</div> <div id="stockCompany"></div> <div class="label-left">Last Price:</div> <div id="stockLastPrice"></div> <div class="label-left">Quote Time:</div> <div id="stockQuoteTime"></div> </div> </fieldset> The final result looks something like this:   Let's hook up the button handler to fire the request and fill in the data as shown: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").show().fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, HH:mm EST")); }, onPageError); }); So we point at SampleService.ashx and the GetStockQuote method, passing a single parameter of the input symbol value. Then there are two handlers for success and failure callbacks.  The success handler is the interesting part - it receives the stock quote as a result and assigns its values to various 'holes' in the stock display elements. The data that comes back over the wire is JSON and it looks like this: { "Symbol":"MSFT", "Company":"Microsoft Corpora", "OpenPrice":26.11, "LastPrice":26.01, "NetChange":0.02, "LastQuoteTime":"2011-11-03T02:00:00Z", "LastQuoteTimeString":"Nov. 11, 2011 4:20pm" } which is an object representation of the data. JavaScript can evaluate this JSON string back into an object easily and that's the reslut that gets passed to the success function. The quote data is then applied to existing page content by manually selecting items and applying them. There are other ways to do this more elegantly like using templates, but here we're only interested in seeing how the data is returned. The data in the object is typed - LastPrice is a number and QuoteTime is a date. Note about the date value: JavaScript doesn't have a date literal although the JSON embedded ISO string format used above  ("2011-11-03T02:00:00Z") is becoming fairly standard for JSON serializers. However, JSON parsers don't deserialize dates by default and return them by string. This is why the StockQuote actually returns a string value of LastQuoteTimeString for the same date. ajaxMethodCallback always converts dates properly into 'real' dates and the example above uses the real date value along with a .formatDate() data extension (also in ww.jquery.js) to display the raw date properly. Errors and Exceptions So what happens if your code fails? For example if I pass an invalid stock symbol to the GetStockQuote() method you notice that the code does this: if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); CallbackHandler automatically pushes the exception message back to the client so it's easy to pick up the error message. Regardless of what kind of error occurs: Server side, client side, protocol errors - any error will fire the failure handler with an error object parameter. The error is returned to the client via a JSON response in the error callback. In the previous examples I called onPageError which is a generic routine in ww.jquery that displays a status message on the bottom of the screen. But of course you can also take over the error handling yourself: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); }, function (error, xhr) { $("#divErrorDisplay").text(error.message).fadeIn(1000); }); }); The error object has a isCallbackError, message and  stackTrace properties, the latter of which is only populated when running in Debug mode, and this object is returned for all errors: Client side, transport and server side errors. Regardless of which type of error you get the same object passed (as well as the XHR instance optionally) which makes for a consistent error retrieval mechanism. Specifying HttpVerbs You can also specify HTTP Verbs that are allowed using the AllowedHttpVerbs option on the CallbackMethod attribute: [CallbackMethod(AllowedHttpVerbs=HttpVerbs.GET | HttpVerbs.POST)] public string HelloWorld(string name) { … } If you're building REST style API's this might be useful to force certain request semantics onto the client calling. For the above if call with a non-allowed HttpVerb the request returns a 405 error response along with a JSON (or XML) error object result. The default behavior is to allow all verbs access (HttpVerbs.All). Passing in object Parameters Up to now the parameters I passed were very simple. But what if you need to send something more complex like an object or an array? Let's look at another example now that passes an object from the client to the server. Keeping with the Stock theme here lets add a method called BuyOrder that lets us buy some shares for a stock. Consider the following service method that receives an StockBuyOrder object as a parameter: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStock(StockBuyOrder buyOrder) { var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } public class StockBuyOrder { public string Symbol { get; set; } public int Quantity { get; set; } public DateTime BuyOn { get; set; } public StockBuyOrder() { BuyOn = DateTime.Now; } } This is a contrived do-nothing example that simply echoes back what was passed in, but it demonstrates how you can pass complex data to a callback method. On the client side we now have a very simple form that captures the three values on a form: <fieldset> <legend>Post a Stock Buy Order</legend> Enter a symbol: <input type="text" name="txtBuySymbol" id="txtBuySymbol" value="GLD" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Qty: <input type="text" name="txtBuyQty" id="txtBuyQty" value="10" style="width: 50px" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Buy on: <input type="text" name="txtBuyOn" id="txtBuyOn" value="<%= DateTime.Now.ToString("d") %>" style="width: 70px;" /> <input type="button" id="btnBuyStock" value="Buy Stock" /> <div id="divStockBuyMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none"></div> </fieldset> The completed form and demo then looks something like this:   The client side code that picks up the input values and assigns them to object properties and sends the AJAX request looks like this: $("#btnBuyStock").click(function () { // create an object map that matches StockBuyOrder signature var buyOrder = { Symbol: $("#txtBuySymbol").val(), Quantity: $("#txtBuyQty").val() * 1, // number Entered: new Date() } ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStock", [buyOrder], function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError); }); The code creates an object and attaches the properties that match the server side object passed to the BuyStock method. Each property that you want to update needs to be included and the type must match (ie. string, number, date in this case). Any missing properties will not be set but also not cause any errors. Pass POST data instead of Objects In the last example I collected a bunch of values from form variables and stuffed them into object variables in JavaScript code. While that works, often times this isn't really helping - I end up converting my types on the client and then doing another conversion on the server. If lots of input controls are on a page and you just want to pick up the values on the server via plain POST variables - that can be done too - and it makes sense especially if you're creating and filling the client side object only to push data to the server. Let's add another method to the server that once again lets us buy a stock. But this time let's not accept a parameter but rather send POST data to the server. Here's the server method receiving POST data: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStockPost() { StockBuyOrder buyOrder = new StockBuyOrder(); buyOrder.Symbol = Request.Form["txtBuySymbol"]; ; int qty; int.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyQuantity"], out qty); buyOrder.Quantity = qty; DateTime time; DateTime.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyBuyOn"], out time); buyOrder.BuyOn = time; // Or easier way yet //FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } Clearly we've made this server method take more code than it did with the object parameter. We've basically moved the parameter assignment logic from the client to the server. As a result the client code to call this method is now a bit shorter since there's no client side shuffling of values from the controls to an object. $("#btnBuyStockPost").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStockPost", [], // Note: No parameters - function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError, // Force all page Form Variables to be posted { postbackMode: "Post" }); }); The client simply calls the BuyStockQuote method and pushes all the form variables from the page up to the server which parses them instead. The feature that makes this work is one of the options you can pass to the ajaxCallMethod() function: { postbackMode: "Post" }); which directs the function to include form variable POST data when making the service call. Other options include PostNoViewState (for WebForms to strip out WebForms crap vars), PostParametersOnly (default), None. If you pass parameters those are always posted to the server except when None is set. The above code can be simplified a bit by using the FormVariableBinder helper, which can unbind form variables directly into an object: FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); which replaces the manual Request.Form[] reading code. It receives the object to unbind into, a string of properties to skip, and an optional prefix which is stripped off form variables to match property names. The component is similar to the MVC model binder but it's independent of MVC. Returning non-JSON Data CallbackHandler also supports returning non-JSON/XML data via special return types. You can return raw non-JSON encoded strings like this: [CallbackMethod(ReturnAsRawString=true,ContentType="text/plain")] public string HelloWorldNoJSON(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } Calling this method results in just a plain string - no JSON encoding with quotes around the result. This can be useful if your server handling code needs to return a string or HTML result that doesn't fit well for a page or other UI component. Any string output can be returned. You can also return binary data. Stream, byte[] and Bitmap/Image results are automatically streamed back to the client. Notice that you should set the ContentType of the request either on the CallbackMethod attribute or using Response.ContentType. This ensures the Web Server knows how to display your binary response. Using a stream response makes it possible to return any of data. Streamed data can be pretty handy to return bitmap data from a method. The following is a method that returns a stock history graph for a particular stock over a provided number of years: [CallbackMethod(ContentType="image/png",RouteUrl="stocks/history/graph/{symbol}/{years}")] public Stream GetStockHistoryGraph(string symbol, int years = 2,int width = 500, int height=350) { if (width == 0) width = 500; if (height == 0) height = 350; StockServer server = new StockServer(); return server.GetStockHistoryGraph(symbol,"Stock History for " + symbol,width,height,years); } I can now hook this up into the JavaScript code when I get a stock quote. At the end of the process I can assign the URL to the service that returns the image into the src property and so force the image to display. Here's the changed code: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { var symbol = $("#txtSymbol").val(); ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [symbol], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); // display a stock chart $("#imgStockHistory").attr("src", "stocks/history/graph/" + symbol + "/2"); },onPageError); }); The resulting output then looks like this: The charting code uses the new ASP.NET 4.0 Chart components via code to display a bar chart of the 2 year stock data as part of the StockServer class which you can find in the sample download. The ability to return arbitrary data from a service is useful as you can see - in this case the chart is clearly associated with the service and it's nice that the graph generation can happen off a handler rather than through a page. Images are common resources, but output can also be PDF reports, zip files for downloads etc. which is becoming increasingly more common to be returned from REST endpoints and other applications. Why reinvent? Obviously the examples I've shown here are pretty basic in terms of functionality. But I hope they demonstrate the core features of AJAX callbacks that you need to work through in most applications which is simple: return data, send back data and potentially retrieve data in various formats. While there are other solutions when it comes down to making AJAX callbacks and servicing REST like requests, I like the flexibility my home grown solution provides. Simply put it's still the easiest solution that I've found that addresses my common use cases: AJAX JSON RPC style callbacks Url based access XML and JSON Output from single method endpoint XML and JSON POST support, querystring input, routing parameter mapping UrlEncoded POST data support on callbacks Ability to return stream/raw string data Essentially ability to return ANYTHING from Service and pass anything All these features are available in various solutions but not together in one place. I've been using this code base for over 4 years now in a number of projects both for myself and commercial work and it's served me extremely well. Besides the AJAX functionality CallbackHandler provides, it's also an easy way to create any kind of output endpoint I need to create. Need to create a few simple routines that spit back some data, but don't want to create a Page or View or full blown handler for it? Create a CallbackHandler and add a method or multiple methods and you have your generic endpoints.  It's a quick and easy way to add small code pieces that are pretty efficient as they're running through a pretty small handler implementation. I can have this up and running in a couple of minutes literally without any setup and returning just about any kind of data. Resources Download the Sample NuGet: Westwind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) ajaxCallMethod() Documentation Using the AjaxMethodCallback WebForms Control West Wind Web Toolkit Home Page West Wind Web Toolkit Source Code © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in ASP.NET  jQuery  AJAX   Tweet (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • asp.net MVC RC1 RenderPartial ViewDataDictionary

    - by Mark79
    I'm trying to pass a ViewData object from a master page to a view user control using the ViewDataDictionary. The problem is the ViewDataDictionary is not returning any values in the view user control whichever way i try it. The sample code below is using an anonymous object just for demonstration although neither this method or passing a ViewData object works. Following is the RenderPartial helper method i'm trying to use: <% Html.RenderPartial("/Views/Project/Projects.ascx", ViewData.Eval("Projects"), new ViewDataDictionary(new { Test = "Mark" })); %> and in my view user control i do the following: <%= Html.Encode(ViewData["Test"]) %> Why does this not return anything? Thanks for your help. EDIT: I'm able to pass and access the stronlgy typed model without any problems. it's the ViewDataDictionary which i'm trying to use to pass say just a single value outside of the model..

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  • Passing parameter to SOAP Web Service Requests Using Visual Studio Team System 2008

    - by Nicholas
    How can I pass in the current datetime parameter to a SOAP request? I know you can pass in parameters by adding a datasource to the web test project and reference it like this {{DataSource.TableName.FieldName}}. But I want to pass in current datetime parameter as a dynamic value (something like DateTime.Now). How do I go about doing this? Below is sample SOAP request that I put into String Body: <soap:body> <MyQuery xmlns="http://something.com"> <req> <QueryType>{{DataSource.Table.QueryType}}</QueryType> <Name>{{DataSource.Table.Name}}</Name> <RequestDateTime>{{insert DateTime.Now here}}</RequestDatetime> </req> </MyQuery> </soap:body> P.S. Running web test by adding Web Service Request in Visual Studio Team System 2008

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  • MVVM && IOC && Sub-ViewModels

    - by Lee Treveil
    I have a ViewModel, it takes two parameters in the constructor that are of the same type: public class CustomerComparerViewModel { public CustomerComparerViewModel(CustomerViewModel customerViewModel1, CustomerViewModel customerViewModel2) { } } public class CustomerViewModel { public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } } If I wasn't using IOC I could just new up the viewmodel and pass the sub-viewmodels in. I could package the two viewmodels into one class and pass that into the constructor but if I had another viewmodel that only needed one CustomerViewModel I would need to pass in something that the viewmodel does not need. How do I go about dealing with this using IOC? I'm using Ninject btw. Thanks

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  • Passing parameters between interrupt handlers on a Cortex-M3 ...

    - by Captain NedD
    I'm building a light kernel for a Cortex-M3. From a high priority interrupt I'd like to invoke some code to run in a lower priority interrupt and pass some parameters along. I don't want to use a queue to post work to the lower priority interrupt. I just have a buffer and size to pass to it. In the proramming manual it says that the SVC interrupt handler is synchronous which presumably means that if you invoke it from an interrupt that's a lower priority than SVC's handler it gets called immediately (the upshot of this being that you can pass parameters to it as though it were a function call (a little like the BIOS calls in MS-DOS)). I'd like to do it the other way: passing parameters from a high priority interrupt to a lower priority one (at the moment I'm doing it by leaving the parameters in a fixed location in memory). What's the best way to do this (if at all possible)? Thanks,

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  • Passing Multiple parameters from Custome WebPart to Reporting services Report Viewer webpart

    - by venkatcitigori
    I working with Reporting services in Sharepoint Mode, I am able to show the report in Sql Server Reporting services report viwer , the report has multiple parameters , My question is how do I pass more thatn one parameter from a custome web part to this report. I am able to pass one parameter by implementing the ITransformableFilterValues interface in the custom webpart , what I want to do is pass more than one parameter . Ex: If there are 2 parameters on report then i should able to map each from the control in webpart. Any help or guidance is appreciated.

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  • Drupal Migration Problem

    - by Gok Demir
    After migrating my Drupal (6.16) installation from shared hosting to Linode VPS (Ubunto 10.04 32 bit). Whenever I click a URL it shows only the homepage. I put ?q=user at the end of the URL to login as an admin. When I logged in it is the same. I couldn't navigate to any URL. It shows only homepage. I forgot to clean Drupal cache before migration. Is it because of this? I couldn't navigate to Administer Site configuration Performance to clean cache, nothing works. By the way .htaccess Rewrite on enabled as shown below. apache2 apache2-doc apache2-utils libapache2-mod-php5 php5 php-pear php5-xcache php5-suhosin php5-mysql packages are installed. What can I do? # # Apache/PHP/Drupal settings: # # Protect files and directories from prying eyes. <FilesMatch "\.(engine|inc|info|install|make|module|profile|test|po|sh|.*sql|theme|tpl(\.php)?|xtmpl|svn-base)$|^(code-style\.pl|Entries.*|Repository|Root|Tag|Template|all-wcprops|entries|format)$"> Order allow,deny </FilesMatch> # Don't show directory listings for URLs which map to a directory. Options -Indexes # Follow symbolic links in this directory. Options +FollowSymLinks # Make Drupal handle any 404 errors. ErrorDocument 404 /index.php # Force simple error message for requests for non-existent favicon.ico. <Files favicon.ico> # There is no end quote below, for compatibility with Apache 1.3. ErrorDocument 404 "The requested file favicon.ico was not found. </Files> # Set the default handler. DirectoryIndex index.php # Override PHP settings. More in sites/default/settings.php # but the following cannot be changed at runtime. # PHP 4, Apache 1. <IfModule mod_php4.c> php_value magic_quotes_gpc 0 php_value register_globals 0 php_value session.auto_start 0 php_value mbstring.http_input pass php_value mbstring.http_output pass php_value mbstring.encoding_translation 0 </IfModule> # PHP 4, Apache 2. <IfModule sapi_apache2.c> php_value magic_quotes_gpc 0 php_value register_globals 0 php_value session.auto_start 0 php_value mbstring.http_input pass php_value mbstring.http_output pass php_value mbstring.encoding_translation 0 </IfModule> # PHP 5, Apache 1 and 2. <IfModule mod_php5.c> php_value magic_quotes_gpc 0 php_value register_globals 0 php_value session.auto_start 0 php_value mbstring.http_input pass php_value mbstring.http_output pass php_value mbstring.encoding_translation 0 </IfModule> # Requires mod_expires to be enabled. <IfModule mod_expires.c> # Enable expirations. ExpiresActive On # Cache all files for 2 weeks after access (A). ExpiresDefault A1209600 <FilesMatch \.php$> # Do not allow PHP scripts to be cached unless they explicitly send cache # headers themselves. Otherwise all scripts would have to overwrite the # headers set by mod_expires if they want another caching behavior. This may # fail if an error occurs early in the bootstrap process, and it may cause # problems if a non-Drupal PHP file is installed in a subdirectory. ExpiresActive Off </FilesMatch> </IfModule> # Various rewrite rules. <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine on # If your site can be accessed both with and without the 'www.' prefix, you # can use one of the following settings to redirect users to your preferred # URL, either WITH or WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix. Choose ONLY one option: # # To redirect all users to access the site WITH the 'www.' prefix, # (http://example.com/... will be redirected to http://www.example.com/...) # adapt and uncomment the following: # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example\.com$ [NC] # RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.example.com/$1 [L,R=301] # # To redirect all users to access the site WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix, # (http://www.example.com/... will be redirected to http://example.com/...) # uncomment and adapt the following: # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ [NC] # RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [L,R=301] # Modify the RewriteBase if you are using Drupal in a subdirectory or in a # VirtualDocumentRoot and the rewrite rules are not working properly. # For example if your site is at http://example.com/drupal uncomment and # modify the following line: # RewriteBase /drupal # # If your site is running in a VirtualDocumentRoot at http://example.com/, # uncomment the following line: # RewriteBase / # Rewrite URLs of the form 'x' to the form 'index.php?q=x'. RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?q=$1 [L,QSA] </IfModule>

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  • how to delete duplicates in mysql using case

    - by JPro
    Right now I am using something like this to delete duplicates in mysql table : delete t2 from my_table1 as t1, my_table1 as t2 where t1.TestCase = t2.TestCase and t2.id > t1.id; say I have a structure like this : ID TestCAse Result 1 T1 PASS 2 T2 FAIL 3 T3 FAIL 4 T3 PASS now, in the above case T3 is duplicate entry, and if I use the SQL that I mentioned above, it would delete 4th row where the result is PASS, but this is the row that I want to keep and I want row 3 to get deleted which is FAIL. Any help please? Thank you.

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  • Reverse-engineer a Javascript object?

    - by TruMan1
    I have a Javascript object that I want to pass in more parameters, but the documentation is non-existant. My only option seems to be to reverse engineer the Javascript object to see what parameters and values I can pass in. For example, I want to see if there is a "zoom" parameter for the object and what values I can pass into the "mapType" parameter: <script type="text/javascript" src="http://maps.google.com/maps?oe=utf-8&amp;file=api&amp;v=2&amp;key=your-gmap-key"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://share.findmespot.com/spot-widget/js/SpotMain.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var widget = new Spot.Ui.LiveWidget({ renderTo: "spot-live-widget", feeds: [ "0Wl3diTJcqqvncI6NNsoqJV5ygrFtQfBB" ], height: 400, width: 500, mapType: "physical" }); </script> <div id="spot-live-widget"/> Any ideas on how to do that?

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  • passing table id

    - by soclose
    Hi In Android, I make a list view that describe the name fields from a table in SQLite. Clicking long-term on any List Item, context menu appears and then I wanna get the ID of that item (I mean in the table, there are ID and name fields) and pass this ID to next layout. Why I wanna pass this ID is to update this record in SQLite table. Here the next layout will be tablelayout. how to pass any value from one layout to another? how to code?

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  • Passing data with Rails' link_to helper

    - by mathee
    I am implementing a question-and-answer application with Ruby on Rails. I have MVCs for Questions and Answers. In the home view (index.haml), I list the Questions like this: - @questions.each do |q| %tr %td =link_to q.title, q Next to each of those, I want to add a link that will create a new Answer and pass the id of the Question in that row (continued from the above Haml code) : %td #{link_to 'answer me!', new_answer_path, pass q.id here somehow?} I don't know how to properly pass it and then access it in AnswersController. I tried #{link_to 'answer me!', new_answer_path, :question_id => q.id}, but that was just a guess, and I don't know how to access that in AnswersController. I read the Rails API docs, and I know you can add query, too, but I still don't know how to access the value in AnswersController.

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  • Iterating through nested dictionaries

    - by Framester
    I want to write an iterator for my 'toy' Trie implementation. Adding already works like this: class Trie: def __init__(self): self.root = dict() pass def add(self, string, value): global nops current_dict = self.root for letter in s: nops += 1 current_dict = current_dict.setdefault(letter, {}) current_dict = current_dict.setdefault('value', value) pass The output of the adding looks like that: trie = Trie() trie.add("hello",1) trie.add("world",2) trie.add("worlds",12) print trie.root {'h': {'e': {'l': {'l': {'o': {'value': 1}}}}}, 'w': {'o': {'r': {'l': {'d': {'s': {'value': 2}, 'value': 2}}}}}} I know, that I need a __iter__ and next method. def __iter__(self): self.root.__iter__() pass def next(self): print self.root.next() But AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'next'. How should I do it? [Update] In the perfect world I would like the output to be one dict with all the words/entries with their corresponding values.

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  • Handling xml files with different structures and different names

    - by zachary
    I have a method and I want different users to pass me xml files. These files will have different names for the elements I am looking for and the elements I am looking for maybe at different structures. My first impression was that we should just tell them to pass in the xml in a standard format. However this is how they have their data and they insist that it is much easier if they don't have to convert it. What can I do to take in data of all types? Have them pass in a dictionary? number = mydata/numbers What is the easiest way for them to define their data to me without actually changing it? sample1 <numbers> 15 </numbers> sample2 <mydata> <mynumbers> 15 </mynumbers> </mydata>

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  • "org.json.JSONArray implements Serializable": What's the best option to achieve this?

    - by Daxon
    I am using Grails Webflow, what ever object I pass to a view, it must be Serialized. My domain models "implement Serializable", so they work. The problem is when I get a response from a WebService. It is of the org.json.JSONArray class. I just want to pass the whole Array over to the view yet it doesn't implement Serializable, so it fails, Any thoughts on how I can pass this, or my best option? Can I just edit the source of the org.json library and make every class "imp Serializable"? Or process the result into Domain objects that do "imp Serializable"

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