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• Ping reply not getting to LAN machines but getting in Linux router Gateway

  - by Kevin Parker

  I have configured Ubuntu 12.04 as Gateway machine.its having two interfaces eth0 with ip 192.168.122.39(Static) and eth1 connected to modem with ip address 192.168.2.3(through DHCP). ip-forwarding is enabled in router box. Client machine is configured as: ip address 192.168.122.5 and gateway 192.168.122.39 Client machines can ping router box(192.168.122.39).but when pinged 8.8.8.8 reply is not reaching Client machines but in the tcpdump output on gateway i can see echo request for 8.8.8.8 but never echo reply.Is this because of 122.5 not forwarding request to 2.0 network.Can u please help me in fixing this.

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• Linux USB to work as cd rom on mac

  - by user157483

  I am working in driver development in linux USB modules. I have written driver for usb and it is working as cd rom in windows machine 1)I made first partation as fat32 "modprobe g_hidmass file=/dev/mmcblk0p1 cdrom=1 stall=0 removable=1" this works fine in windows 2)I made first partation as hfs partation "modprobe g_hidmass file=/dev/mmcblk0p1 cdrom=1 stall=0 removable=1" but same thing i applied with hfs partation in MAC it is getting error like this "The disk you inserted was not readable by this computer" in diskutil it is shown as CD-rom but not reading the file system. frame like this Please help me how can I overcome this error...

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• Linux router with diffent gateways for incomming and outgoing connections

  - by nkout

  I have the following topology: LAN Users:192.168.1.2 - 254 (192.168.1.0/24) gateway1: 192.168.2.2/24 used for all outgoing connections of LAN users (default gateway) gateway2: 192.168.3.2/24 used for incoming services (destination NAT, ports 80,443 are forwarded to 192.168.2.1) linux router-server R eth0 192.168.1.1/24: LAN eth1 192.168.2.1/24: WWAN1 eth2 192.168.3.1/24: WWAN2 I want to: route all outgoing traffic coming from LAN and R via 192.168.2.2 route the responses to incoming connections via 192.168.3.2 My config: ifconfig eth0 up 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 ifconfig eth1 up 192.168.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 ifconfig eth2 up 192.168.3.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 echo 0 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward route add default gw 192.168.2.2 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -d !192.168.0.0/16 -j MASQUERADE I want to add iptables rule to mark incoming traffic from WWAN2 and send back the responses to WWAN2, while keeping default gateway on WWAN1

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• How to find malformed - corrupted - dos - BOMByte Files in Linux

  - by Syquus

  I've several problems maintaining large production servers, in which some developers drop files from Windows environments, sometime with BOM-bytes (We use UTF8, and no need for that), causing lots of troubles. Other times, I got a "no end of line" and "[DOS]" labels when vim-editing files directly on the server. I recently discovered how to find for the bom byte, and how to delete it in a batch script. What about illegal bytes, bad EOLs? Is it safe to use DOS Text Files on a linux environment? Any drawbacks If I use to convert them with dos2unix cmd ? Regards

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• Problems connecting to a linux file server from windows 7

  - by Rister

  I have an old Windows 2000 machine that I'm trying to replace because it is freezing periodically. It is used primarily for email but it does need to be connected to the two linux file servers ("dino1" and "dino2") that are in the office. When I tried to get the new Windows 7 machine to connect I can't find the user account that was being used (or I can't log on to the share). On the old machine the users all logged in as Administrator on the local machine and entered the password ("fuzzypickels") to log onto the share. To me, it seems like the username ought to be Administrator, but when I enter that with "fuzzypickels" it gives me an error that I've got either the username or the password or both incorrect. Is there something missing in my assumptions? Or is there something I can do to recover the username from the old machine?

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• OpenBSD: Gateway outside subnet (works in Linux)

  - by kshade

  We need to set up an OpenBSD host to use a default gateway that's outside of it's subnet. This is all I need to do on Linux (not the actual IPs) to achieve it: ifconfig eth0 33.33.33.33/31 up route add 33.33.33.254 dev eth0 route add default gw 33.33.33.254 The problem is that we don't know the proper equivalent of the middle command in OpenBSD. The man page says: If the destination is directly reachable via an interface requiring no intermediary system to act as a gateway, the -iface modifier should be specified; Sadly we can't seem to figure out how to make it work with that. This is a virtual host on an OVH server, they have documentation for many other operating systems showing how to do it here: http://help.ovh.co.uk/BridgeClient

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• How to know if a file has 'access' monitor in linux

  - by J L

  I'm a noob and have some questions about viewing who accessed a file. I found there are ways to see if a file was accessed (not modified/changed) through audit subsystem and inotify. However, from what I have read online, according to here: http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-audit-files-to-see-who-made-changes-to-a-file.html it says to 'watch/monitor' file, I have to set a watch by using command like: # auditctl -w /etc/passwd -p war -k password-file So if I create a new file or directory, do I have to use audit/inotify command to 'set' watch first to 'watch' who accessed the new file? Also is there a way to know if a directory is being 'watched' through audit subsystem or inotify? How/where can I check the log of a file?

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• how to get a decent emacs setup on linux

  - by Hersheezy

  I am currently interested in switching from vim to emacs. One of the more compelling reasons for this is the smooth integration with a unix environment. The most experienced emacs users I have seen have a bash prompt at the bottom of their window, with stdout going to a buffer right above it. They then interact with the output of programs such as grep in interesting ways. I am on Ubuntu 10.04 and the default emacs environment does not seem to do much for me in the way of integration. For example, in the M-x shell mode, output from basic commands like ls produce lots of strange characters and hitting the up arrow does not go to previous commands. Any recommendations on a good direction to go in?

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• Setting up linux server with multiple access rights

  - by Mark

  I am a graduate student and want to set up a linux server (preferably Ubuntu) in my office. I also want to give my friends SSH access to that box. My question is can I set up my server such that I can give one of my friends rights to install software on my machine but he cannot brows around outside the directory he is allowed to? Can I set up multiple apache instances (on different ports) for different people? so each has access to their own apache instance?

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• How can I "shadow" the filesystem on Linux?

  - by happy_emi

  On a Linux environment sometimes I need to run a script as root which will add/modify serveral files on my fs. Basically I'd like to know exactly which files are modified and how WITHOUT opening the script and trying to guess the code. I was thinking about using something like unionfs: the main fs would be accessible in readonly mode and all changes are written on a file used as a partition and "mounted" in write mode. Are there other ways to achieve the same goal (i.e. other than unionfs)?

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• Moving software RAID to Linux

  - by terman

  I'm using a RAID 1 (mirrored pair) configuration in my Media Center/ NAS system. Currently it's running Windows 8 (yeah, big mistake I know) and I'm regretting it (did it for the games, not worth it). Currently I'm having two software RAID 1s (3TB + 2TB) configured with Storage Spaces and unfortunately formatted with NTFS. Now I would like to switch to Fedora (or maybe Ubuntu if there are advantages) for good. Is there a way that I could continue using the disks as they are without the need to format them with ext or something? I'm glad for every tip. Oh, the system disk is of cause not in a raid configuration.

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• Linux live cd with Broadcom Wi-fi support

  - by paul simmons

  I am looking for a live distro that has out of the box Broadcom wireless support. I am pretty happy with my Ubuntu installation and as long as I have an ethernet connection first time installed, I can install Broadcom drivers over internet. But being a little paranoid, I make my secure operations (banking etc.) with a live cd and zero hard disk access, so nothing is recorded. So far I plug ethernet to do such things with the live cd, but it would be nice if I can do same thing with wireless.

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• How are Linux files and applications organized?

  - by doup

  Hi there, I'm a newbie Linux (Ubuntu) user and I'll like to know if someone can give some advices of where to install stuff, which folders don't touch, which is the meaning of each folder and so on. My first concern is, should everything go into my home folder? I've installed "manually" Komodo Edit (it's an IDE) and it has gone to my home folder, I really don't like the idea of having an application there. (in windows I used to have my workfiles/pictures/downloads... partition and then the OS partition with all the apps). So, is there any place where I could install this software? Any advice for having my home folder ordered? Maybe I should create an apps folder in my home dir? Thanks in advance. :) pd: most of the time I use apt to install stuff, but I don't always found the software I want there...

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• Linux server failover

  - by Lukasz

  I have two Linux servers (CentOS6) - both are identically configured connected to the same switch with a direct link between them. I only have one external IP that is assigned to eth0 on both servers (connected to the internet switch) with the interface shutdown on server 2. How can I failover to server 2 if server 1 dies - as stated they are linked directly so they can check for availability of each other via ping/tcp/udp. I toyed with Heartbeat but the documentation seems to be non-existent - not sure how to bring up an interface and start some services if the other server dies.

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• Is there Linux Live USB that works with Snow Leopard macbook pro from 2010 april

  - by rofrol

  Hello, I was searching for a long time a Linux Live USB that I can boot my macbook pro from. Is there such distro so I can install it on Snow Leopard or Windows 7? UPDATE I've found this: "isohybrid" CD images (..) are special in that as well as the normal CD-based ISO9660 filesystem they also contain a valid-looking DOS-style partition table. Thus, if you simply copy one of these images raw to a USB stick a normal PC BIOS will boot the image directly. (...) Finally: I'd like to add support into xorriso for creating the nasty HFS hybrid images that are needed for booting Macs. The code that does this in cdrkit is probably some of the worst that I've ever worked with, and I'd like to get away from it. If only Apple hadn't stupidly built their proprietary platform around this shit and had used open standards instead Source

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• linux system problem

  - by snakec

  very first thanks to u all for Ur support. I'm quite new to Linux .i know how to install software but i don't know 1: how to install library .a or .so files i: how to install tar.gz i use the method like ./configure. make make install but most of the time i got the message nothing to make .in lots of tar.gz there is no installation document no make file no .configure file that make me quite confused how to install them or run them now i got sample source code of cuda i got them in tar.gz form when i extract them i found a folder in folder i found folder like c ,doc,shared etc when i open each folder i found more folder n file like that src, doc common ,lib, in these folder i found source code file header files libraries file make files i don't know how to run this kind of project can the be installed on the system how to run them they don't have .run file or script they don't have configure file can any one explain me how to compile them ,how to run them & how to install them

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• Need help automating a task in Linux

  - by Niphoet

  I'm still kind of new to Linux, but here's what I'm trying to do. I need to copy all subdirectories and files from one directory to another ever 5 minutes or so, with the old data automatically being overwritten with the new data. I'd also like this to run at startup. Is there any way this can be done? If so, what program would I need to schedule the automation and what is the command line I would need (cp ???). Thanks in advance!

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• Verify linux user passwords

  - by zero_r

  Hi there I got a linux server that has several dozen users. I also have the cleartext password for every user (i know - bad security). I would like to know if the passwords are correct. Since the users are all ftp users and have the nologin shell, I cannot just write a script to check if login works. How can I do a local check on passwords? Script output could look like this: $ check_userpw < user_pw_list.txt user1 ok user2 ok user3 mismatch! user4 ok Thanks

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• Unable to open websites that use HTTPS on linux

  - by negai

  I have the following network configuration: My PC 192.168.1.20/24 uses 192.168.1.1/24 as a gateway. Dlink-2760U router with Local address 192.168.1.1/24 has a VPN connection open with the provider using PPTP. Whenever I'm trying to open some web-sites that has some authorization (e.g. gmail.com, coursera.org), I'm getting a request timeout. This problem is observed mostly on linux (Ubuntu 12.04 and Debian 6.0), while most of such websites work correctly on windows XP. Could you please help me diagnose the problem? Could it be related to NAT + HTTPS? Thanks

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• Combining multiple linux boxes and create VMs out of it

  - by NS Gopikrishnan

  I am new to virtualization. I am running on ubuntu. I have a set of linux machines (5 to 6 machines). Which I want to combine as a single resource pool and on demand create multiple virtual instances of machines out of it. This is comparable to what VirtualBox does in a single system. I stumbled across many key words: Xen, Eucalyptus, OpenStack etc. But things are very vague as to which will help me achieve this requirement. Any help will be appreciated :) Thanks in advance!

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• set a global environment variable in linux that sticks when going root

  - by Scott

  When I SSH into a linux box, I want to have the /etc/profile file save the results of the whoami command to a global environment variable. if I were to go root with the command sudo su -, I do not want that command to run again when gonig root, I want it to stick with the result of whoami as my regular username from before I went root, and I need to access that variable as the root user even though it will run the /etc/profile file again when I go root. What can I do to only run that command once in the /etc/profile command?

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• VirtualBox: Ubuntu installed in Windows 7 OR Windows 7 installed in Ubuntu

  - by user584968

  The title of the post sums up my questions: Is performance better, on average, assuming Ubuntu and Windows are used equally and for the same purposes, when Ubuntu is installed inside of Windows 7 or when Windows 7 is installed inside of Ubuntu using VirtualBox? My gut instinct tells me that because Ubuntu drivers are mostly open source, optimizations could be made when translating the virtual system calls of Ubuntu through Windows 7 that could not be made if it were flipped the other way around, because of the closed nature of Windows drivers. However, this is just a guess, and I have no evidence to back this up. I'm not sure, so I thought it would be best if I opened up this question to the experts of the community. I look forward to reading your responses!

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• Best way to partition 1 TB (Linux and Windows 7)

  - by Simon

  Is there an intelligent way to partition 1 TB and be prepared for resizing/adding/deleting partitions? I was thinking about LVM, but as far as I remember, Windows 7 can't be installed on logical volume right? For now my plan is: - ~150 GB for Windows 7 and other stuff (Visual Studio..., maybe I'll split it 100/50 or something like that) - simple NTFS - 850 GB = LVM - disk for Linux (Ubuntu) and other stuff virtual machines, etc. I'm mostly interested in how and what tools should I use to get easy in maintain partitions for both systems.

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• why run a Linux shell command with &?

  - by George2

  I am using Red Hat Linux Enterprise version 5. Sometimes I notice people run command with a couple of & options. For example, in the below command, there are two &-signs. What are the function of them? Are they always used together with nohup? nohup foo.sh <parameters to specific the scripe> >& <log_file_name> & thanks in advance, George

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• Best way to have linux setup for changing distros

  - by Wizard

  Hi there. I am currently using Fedora and looking at switching to Linux Mint Debian Edition. What is the best way to have the machine setup, so changing distro causes the least issues. In that I mean; people usually say having /home on it's own partition is good because then you just format the other partitions and you don't loose anything in home. However what happens then with say Evolution (or other program) configs etc with one version and then when you move to another distro it has other files, this could cause issues? Is there another way to have machine setup?

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