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• Microsoft Sql Server 2008 R2 System Databases

  For a majority of software developers little time is spent understanding the inner workings of the database management systems (DBMS) they use to store data for their applications.  I personally place myself in this grouping. In my case, I have used various versions of Microsoft’s SQL Server (2000, 2005, and 2008 R2) and just recently learned how valuable they really are when I was preparing to deliver a lecture on "SQL Server 2008 R2, System Databases". Microsoft Sql Server 2008 R2 System DatabasesSo what are system databases in MS SQL Server, and why should I know them? Microsoft uses system databases to support the SQL Server DBMS, much like a developer uses config files or database tables to support an application. These system databases individually provide specific functionality that allows MS SQL Server to function. Name Database File Log File Master master.mdf mastlog.ldf Resource mssqlsystemresource.mdf mssqlsystemresource.ldf Model model.mdf modellog.ldf MSDB msdbdata.mdf msdblog.ldf Distribution distmdl.mdf distmdl.ldf TempDB tempdb.mdf templog.ldf Master DatabaseIf you have used MS SQL Server then you should recognize the Master database especially if you used the SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) to connect to a user created database. MS SQL Server requires the Master database in order for DBMS to start due to the information that it stores. Examples of data stored in the Master database User Logins Linked Servers Configuration information Information on User Databases Resource DatabaseHonestly, until recently I never knew this database even existed until I started to research SQL Server system databases. The reason for this is due largely to the fact that the resource database is hidden to users. In fact, the database files are stored within the Binn folder instead of the standard MS SQL Server database folder path. This database contains all system objects that can be accessed by all other databases.  In short, this database contains all system views and store procedures that appear in all other user databases regarding system information. One of the many benefits to storing system views and store procedures in a single hidden database is the fact it improves upgrading a SQL Server database; not to mention that maintenance is decreased since only one code base has to be mainlined for all of the system views and procedures. Model DatabaseThe Model database as the name implies is the model for all new databases created by users. This allows for predefining default database objects for all new databases within a MS SQL Server instance. For example, if every database created by a user needs to have an “Audit” table when it is  created then defining the “Audit” table in the model will guarantees that the table will be located in every new database create after the model is altered. MSDB DatabaseThe MSDBdatabase is used by SQL Server Agent, SQL Server Database Mail, SQL Server Service Broker, along with SQL Server. The SQL Server Agent uses this database to store job configurations and SQL job schedules along with SQL Alerts, and Operators. In addition, this database also stores all SQL job parameters along with each job’s execution history.  Finally, this database is also used to store database backup and maintenance plans as well as details pertaining to SQL Log shipping if it is being used. Distribution DatabaseThe Distribution database is only used during replication and stores meta data and history information pertaining to the act of replication data. Furthermore, when transactional replication is used this database also stores information regarding each transaction. It is important to note that replication is not turned on by default in MS SQL Server and that the distribution database is hidden from SSMS. Tempdb DatabaseThe Tempdb as the name implies is used to store temporary data and data objects. Examples of this include temp tables and temp store procedures. It is important to note that when using this database all data and data objects are cleared from this database when SQL Server restarts. This database is also used by SQL Server when it is performing some internal operations. Typically, SQL Server uses this database for the purpose of large sort and index operations. Finally, this database is used to store row versions if row versioning or snapsot isolation transactions are being used by SQL Server. Additionally, I would love to hear from others about their experiences using system databases, tables, and objects in a real world environments.

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• Developing a computer system based on Nand2Tetris [on hold]

  - by Ryan

  I recently finished a book called Nand2Tetris (nand2tetris.org) where I built my own computer system from scratch with its own machine language, assembly code, and a high level language called Jack that's translated to Hack binary. However, I feel like the "computer" I built throughout the course of this book (called the Hack computer) is a bit too simple for various reasons: 1) There are only two registers (D and A), whereas most computers have much more 2) Peripheral devices like mouse and keyboard have to be directly implemented 3) Peripheral devices use a pre-planned shared memory map to communicate with the CPU instead of using interrupts (which aren't covered at all) 4) Jack (the high level language) code doesn't compile to Assembly code directly, instead it compiles to an intermediate language, which in turn gets translated to Assembly. 5) There is no ROM or permanent storage device, everything is stored in RAM 6) No support for colored monitor, networking or sound I would like to build a more complicated computer system now based on what I've learned from Nand2Tetris. Does anyone know of any good resources or books to get started on this? (BTW by computer system I mean software that can emulate the hardware of a virtual computer with its own unique instruction set)

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• SQL Server and the XML Data Type : Data Manipulation

  The introduction of the xml data type, with its own set of methods for processing xml data, made it possible for SQL Server developers to create columns and variables of the type xml. Deanna Dicken examines the modify() method, which provides for data manipulation of the XML data stored in the xml data type via XML DML statements. Too many SQL Servers to keep up with?Download a free trial of SQL Response to monitor your SQL Servers in just one intuitive interface."The monitoringin SQL Response is excellent." Mike Towery.

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• How do I get the point coords of a rotated SFML shaperect?

  - by user15498

  I am trying to get collisions of bullets working, and am using SFML. I am using code to get the position of the points of the rectangle for collisions, however I think there's a way to do this without having to get points but by simply getting the points from SFML, since the shape is a rectangle and the points are stored in that way. Is there a way to do that? Through a combination of getPoint() and getGlobalBounds() maybe? While on this topic, is it better to use shapeRects or sprites? I used to only use sprites, however with the addition of textures and more low level stuff I think it would be best to switch to using rectangles and setting their size.

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• Storing documents in DMS

  - by Shaza

  I need your opinions and suggestions about storing documents in a DMS system. I think the DMS should save its own copies of the documents, not their original path on the disk. So, the DMS should have its own space to write on. But what about the way they're stored? Do they have their own extension different from the original one? What about the algorithm that stores them? What about the algorithm that retrieves them? What do you suggest??

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• Lubuntu 13.10 selected LX games desktop now can't login

  - by user111667

  I logged out of my normal desktop and selected LX games from the dropdown list and logged back in. This led me to a black screen and now I can't see the login screen in order to change back to my normal desktop. On startup the machine boots normally, the lubuntu splash screen shows up, then it goes to a black screen with nothing on it - not even a mouse cursor. I can bring up a terminal using ctrl+alt+F2. Is there a way via terminal to change my desktop environment back to its previous state? Or alternatively, is there a file I can edit where my preferred desktop is stored? (The machine is dual-booted so I can access the Lubuntu files from LXLE which is installed on a second partition). The machine in question is a Toshiba A200 laptop.

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• asp.net web apps: are OnServerValidate necessary with custom validators

  - by peroija

  I recently created a .net web app that used over 200 custom validators on one page. I wrote code for both ClientValidationFunction and OnServerValidate which results in a ton of repetitive code. My sql statements are parameterized, I have functions that pull data from input fields and validates them before passing to the sql statements or stored procedures. And the javascript validates the fields before the page submits. So essentially the data is clean and valid before it even hits the OnServerValidate and clean after it anyways due to the aforementioned steps. This makes me question, is OnServerValidate really needed when I validate on the clientside?

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• Animating isometric sprites

  - by Mike

  I'm having trouble coming up with a way to animate these 2D isometric sprites. The sprites are stored like this: < Game Folder Root /Assets/Sprites/< Sprite Name /< Sprite Animation /< Sprite Direction /< Frame Number .png So for example, /Assets/Sprites/Worker/Stand/North-East/01.png Sprite sheets aren't really viable for this type of animation. The example stand animation is 61 frames. 61 frames for all 8 directions alone is huge, but there's more then just a standing animation for each sprite. Creating an sf::Texture for every image and every frame seems like it will take up a lot of memory and be hard to keep track of that many images. Unloading the image and loading the next one every single frame seems like it will do a lot of unnecessary work. What's the best way to handle this?

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• FGLRX Drivers Keep Crashing | "Installation Media" reads Natty even though I'm in Precise

  - by Tom Thorogood

  I recently switched back to Ubuntu after a year or so of hardly touching my Ubuntu partition, and upgraded from Natty. Every time I start up, i get the "A problem has occurred..." popup, but it won't let me report it because Precise is not in beta. The details on the report show a segfault, and going through all the details, I notice that it lists Natty under "InstallationMedia" -- I just installed these drivers, so I'm really unsure why it's saying this. I wish I could copy this entire error report, but I see no way of doing that (is it stored somewhere in /var/log?). I'm new to the Unity interface (it's why I stopped using Ubuntu to begin with, but now that I'm getting used to it I'm liking it better). Thanks.

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• Storing non-content data in Orchard

  - by Bertrand Le Roy

  A CMS like Orchard is, by definition, designed to store content. What differentiates content from other kinds of data is rather subtle. The way I would describe it is by saying that if you would put each instance of a kind of data on its own web page, if it would make sense to add comments to it, or tags, or ratings, then it is content and you can store it in Orchard using all the convenient composition options that it offers. Otherwise, it probably isn't and you can store it using somewhat simpler means that I will now describe. In one of the modules I wrote, Vandelay.ThemePicker, there is some configuration data for the module. That data is not content by the definition I gave above. Let's look at how this data is stored and queried. The configuration data in question is a set of records, each of which has a number of properties: public class SettingsRecord { public virtual int Id { get; set;} public virtual string RuleType { get; set; } public virtual string Name { get; set; } public virtual string Criterion { get; set; } public virtual string Theme { get; set; } public virtual int Priority { get; set; } public virtual string Zone { get; set; } public virtual string Position { get; set; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Each property has to be virtual for nHibernate to handle it (it creates derived classed that are instrumented in all kinds of ways). We also have an Id property. The way these records will be stored in the database is described from a migration: public int Create() { SchemaBuilder.CreateTable("SettingsRecord", table => table .Column<int>("Id", column => column.PrimaryKey().Identity()) .Column<string>("RuleType", column => column.NotNull().WithDefault("")) .Column<string>("Name", column => column.NotNull().WithDefault("")) .Column<string>("Criterion", column => column.NotNull().WithDefault("")) .Column<string>("Theme", column => column.NotNull().WithDefault("")) .Column<int>("Priority", column => column.NotNull().WithDefault(10)) .Column<string>("Zone", column => column.NotNull().WithDefault("")) .Column<string>("Position", column => column.NotNull().WithDefault("")) ); return 1; } When we enable the feature, the migration will run, which will create the table in the database. Once we've done that, all we have to do in order to use the data is inject an IRepository<SettingsRecord>, which is what I'm doing from the set of helpers I put under the SettingsService class: private readonly IRepository<SettingsRecord> _repository; private readonly ISignals _signals; private readonly ICacheManager _cacheManager; public SettingsService( IRepository<SettingsRecord> repository, ISignals signals, ICacheManager cacheManager) { _repository = repository; _signals = signals; _cacheManager = cacheManager; } The repository has a Table property, which implements IQueryable<SettingsRecord> (enabling all kind of Linq queries) as well as methods such as Delete and Create. Here's for example how I'm getting all the records in the table: _repository.Table.ToList() And here's how I'm deleting a record: _repository.Delete(_repository.Get(r => r.Id == id)); And here's how I'm creating one: _repository.Create(new SettingsRecord { Name = name, RuleType = ruleType, Criterion = criterion, Theme = theme, Priority = priority, Zone = zone, Position = position }); In summary, you create a record class, a migration, and you're in business and can just manipulate the data through the repository that the framework is exposing. You even get ambient transactions from the work context.

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• Open .doc file from my website in browser

  - by seth

  What's the best way to give the end-user of my web application the ability to open, edit and save (via browser) word documents that are stored in my database? I have this working by doing an html conversion of the file (via Aspose Words) but this method seems not even close to flawless and i'm trying to improve this. Is integrating with google docs possible/good? Their edition seems awesome and very powerful. I can't use any Microsoft Word objects (and this is even discouraged by MS). EDIT: The application is developed in .NET and currently uses the .NET framework 2.0. However, as this is fairly obsolete the idea is to restart from scratch and therefore use the 4.0 framework and C# or VB.

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• Does my approach for building a real time monitoring system make sense? [closed]

  - by sameer

  I am developing an application that will display a dashboard that will display data from different SQL databases. This needs to happen in almost real time, our refresh time is about 5 minutes. My approach so far is: Develop a Windows service to accumulate the data from various SQL Server instances. Persist those details into a SQL DB, from which the dashboard will display them on the web page. Trigger fetching of data from the Windows service will every x minutes. The details of the SQL Server instances will be stored in the SQL DB which the Windows service will be referring. Does my approach make sense?

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• How to speed up rsync/tar of large Maildir

  - by psusi

  I have a very large Maildir I am copying to a new machine ( over 100 BaseT ) with rsync. The progress is slow. VERY SLOW. Like 1 MB/s slow. I think this is because it is a lot of small files that are being read in an order that essentially is random with respect to where the blocks are stored on disk, causing a massive seek storm. I get similar results when trying to tar the directory. Is there a way to get rsync/tar to read in disk block order, or otherwise overcome this problem?

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• Looking for a non-cryptographic hash function that returns a single character

  - by makerofthings7

  Suppose I have a dictionary of ASCII words stored in uppercase. I also want to save those words into separate files so that the total word count of each file is approximately the same. By simply looking at the word I need to know which file it should be in (if it's there at all). Duplicate words should go into the same file and overwrite the last one. My first attempt at solving this problem is to use .NET's object.GetHashCode() function and .Trim() to get one of the "random" characters that pop up. I asked a similar question here If I only use one character of object.GetHashCode() I would get a hash code character of A..Z or 0..9. However saving the result of GetHashCode to disk is a no-no so I need a substitute. Question: What algorithm (or subset of an algorithm) is appropriate for pigeonholing strings into a single character or range of characters (Like hex 0..F offers 16 chars)? Real world usage: I'll use this answer to modify the Partition key used in Azure Table storage as described here

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• Why are UUID / GUID's in the format they are?

  - by Xeoncross

  Globally Unique Identifiers (GUID) are a grouped string with a specific format which I assume has a security reason. A GUID is most commonly written in text as a sequence of hexadecimal digits separated into five groups, such as: 3F2504E0-4F89-11D3-9A0C-0305E82C3301 Why aren't GUID/UUID strings just random bytes encoded using hexadecimal of X length? This text notation contains the following fields, separated by hyphens: | Hex digits | Description |------------------------- | 8 | Data1 | 4 | Data2 | 4 | Data3 | 4 | Initial two bytes from Data4 | 12 | Remaining six bytes from Data4 There are also several versions of the UUID standards. Version 4 UUIDs are generally internally stored as a raw array of 128 bits, and typically displayed in a format something like: uuid:xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx

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• Is there a media player that works on HTTPS sites?

  - by Iain Hallam

  I'm currently using Yahoo! Media Player for a site that needs to play MP3 files that are stored on our server. In total, there's quite a bit more than the free limits at Soundcloud, but each file is only a few minutes long. YMP is pretty good, but causes security warnings on HTTPS pages, because it can only be served via HTTP. Is there an equivalent free player I can embed for the HTTPS pages? EDIT: Just to clarify, I'm initially looking for something that will scan the page and turn media links playable.

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• Failure to start grub with Wubi

  - by Marco Ceppi

  My laptop battery ran down and died while using Ubuntu 10.04 with Wubi. Upon recharge (and restart) selecting Ubuntu from the Windows Boot menu brings me to the typical prompt which says (and I paraphrase): Trying hd(0,0) on Disk... After that the screen flickers to white (for a split second) then black. No grub menu comes up (as I would expect) no cursor, no grub sh prompt. Nothing. I've tried switching TTYs to no avail. As there are no logs, I can't trouble shoot anything. I've run a check disk from windows (on the NTFS partition the root.disk is stored) with no luck. What is causing this failure to load grub (and, by association Ubuntu) - How can I restore my setup and get Ubuntu via Wubi working?

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• How to make audio and video streaming servers work?

  - by Santosh Linkha

  I am PHP MySQL developer and I am interested in the way television and radio are broadcasted over Internet live. I want to know how it works and and what are its requirements (which package of which programming language offers the best). And please clarify me: Websites are stored in servers. From my desktop, if I want to broadcast some video, then I need to connect to webserver (to upstream the video). Is there an application to do that (or do I have to code that or embed in my web application and which programming language would be suitable (does Python support that))? And I also need a script to handle the upstreamed video or audio (can I do that with PHP)?

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• Windows Azure CDN(Content Delivery Network)

  - by kaleidoscope

  Windows Azure CDN caches your Windows Azure blobs at strategically placed locations to provide maximum bandwidth for delivering your content to users. You can enable CDN delivery for any storage account via the Windows Azure Developer Portal. The CDN provides edge delivery only to blobs that are in public blob containers, which are available for anonymous access. Windows Azure CDN has 18 locations globally (United States, Europe, Asia, Australia and South America) and continues to expand. The benefit of using a CDN is better performance and user experience for users who are farther from the source of the content stored in the Windows Azure Blob service. In addition, Windows Azure CDN provides worldwide high-bandwidth access to serve content for popular events. Current CDN locations in US. For more details please refer to the link.  http://blogs.msdn.com/windowsazure/archive/2009/11/05/introducing-the-windows-azure-content-delivery-network.aspx Sarang

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• Creating a DrawableGameComponent

  - by Christian Frantz

  If I'm going to draw cubes effectively, I need to get rid of the numerous amounts of draw calls I have and what has been suggested is that I create a "mesh" of my cubes. I already have them being stored in a single vertex buffer, but the issue lies in my draw method where I am still looping through every cube in order to draw them. I thought this was necessary as each cube will have a set position, but it lowers the frame rate incredibly. What's the easiest way to go about this? I have a class CubeChunk that inherits Microsoft.Stuff.DrawableGameComponent, but I don't know what comes next. I suppose I could just use the chunk of cubes created in my cube class, but that would just keep me going in circles and drawing each cube individually. The goal here is to create a draw method that draws my chunk as a whole, and to not draw individual cubes as I've been doing.

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• Working with logout dialog box - text error

  - by aaron.kyle

  I am having a problem with the shutdown dialog box for Ubuntu 12.04. If I am logged in as any user and press shutdown, I see the box with the question 'Are you sure..." and its usual options. Shutting down when I am not logged in as a specific user, however, displayed only square boxes. An image of this error can be found here: I believe this error started a few weeks ago when i accidentally changed the group for my root system directory, so it might be a permission thing or an improperly assigned group lingering somewhere. The trouble is that I don't know where the text for this box is stored, and no idea where to begin checking. Can any one point me in the right direction?

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• How can I access old KMail emails after upgrading to Ubuntu 11.10?

  - by Gary Kleppe

  I initially installed Ubuntu 11.04 and used KMail for my email. All well and good. Then I upgraded to Ubuntu 11.10. Presumably an upgrade of KMail took place as part of this. Now KMail won't even run; when I try, it tells me "Failed to fetch the resource collection" and crashes. I don't mind switching to another email client, but I'd very much like to be able to recover all of the emails I have stored in KMail. Any suggestions on how to do this? Thanks for any help anyone can provide.

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• What are the complications involved in this startup:Payments through authorization of fingerprints?

  - by jim859

  I want to make a mobile application where by people can send payments by authorization of finger prints. An email id will be registered and their finger print(unique for everyone) will be stored on our server.Person A and Person B are already registered and have installed the app.A and B deposit some money through our app from their credit card. When a person(Person A) want to send money to other people(person B), person B will ask person A to authorize his/her finger print on person B's mobile.The finger print will be retrieved from our servers and the payment will be made to person B. Person A will open the app (later or at that time) and confirm that yes he/she has authorized his/her finger print for the transaction.If person A has actually done the transaction,no problem.If person A has unknowingly or forcibly and opts that he/she has not authorized his/her finger print,money will be deducted from person B's account. What are the problems/vulnerabilities here,how can it be solved. Any other ways you can suggest to facilitate the transaction

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• How do I reset my display settings from the command line?

  - by Trevor

  I'm running 12.10 on a dell e5400 laptop and I used xrandr to get the dual monitors working that I connect through a laptop dock. I used xrandr again to switch back to the laptop display when I undocked. The problem is, after a restart, the laptop seems to want to come back up with the dual monitor configuration and the laptop screen stays blank. I can boot into single user mode but I'm not sure what to do from there to get the display settings reset. Any ideas? There's no xorg.conf file so I'm not sure where the settings are stored anymore. Thanks.

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• MCrypt Module, Rijndael-256

  - by WernerCD

  An outside company is redoing our company Intranet. During some basic usage I disovered that the "User Edit" screens, with the "Password: *" boxes have the password in plain text, with the text box "type=password" to "hide" the password. The passwords are not store in the database as plain text, they are stored encrypted using "rijndael-256" cypher using the mcrypt module. I know that if I encrypt a password with SHA*, the password is "Unrecoverable" via one-way encryption. Is the same of MCrypt Rijndael-256 encryption? Shouldn't an encrypted password be un-recoverable? Are they blowing smoke up my rear or just using the wrong technology?

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