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  • Need some ignition in Embedded Systems

    - by Rahul
    I'm very much interested in building applications for Embedded Devices. I'm in my 3rd year Electrical Engineering and I'm passionate about coding, algorithms, Linux OS, etc. And also by Googling I found out that Linux OS is one of the best OSes for Embedded devices(may be/may not be). I want to work for companies which work on mobile applications. I'm a newbie/naive to this domain & my skills include C/C++ & MySQL. I need help to get started in the domain of Embedded Systems; like how/where to start off, Hardware prerequisites, necessary programming skills, also what kind of Embedded Applications etc. I've heard of ARM, firmware, PIC Micorcontrollers; but I don't know anything & just need proper introduction about them. Thanx. P.S: I'm currently reading Bjarne Struotsup's lecture in C++ at Texas A&M University, and one chapter in it describes about Embedded Systems Programming.

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  • Are there any code critique sites or similar resources?

    - by Ukko
    I have noticed when people post example code illustrating some issue that they are having often they will gather a number of comments addressing the quality of the code they presented and not the actual problem asked. This is very helpful--if not well directed. Often, this is wasted effort since the asker is often not receptive and the code is often chopped down to something small to post leaving lots of rough edges. In the old days you would see people asking questions like this on comp.lang.lisp and other parts of the comp.lang hierarchy. But that bit of the net kind of sank into the sewers of neglect. Is there a comparable one-stop-shop today? I am partially asking for selfish reasons, I know how to write good idiomatic C, Lisp, O'Caml, and Java code. But I learned C++ pre-template and STL, those rusty skills are not really applicable to today's C++. I have picked up languages like Scala in a vacuum and get by, but am I really doing it correctly? There are so many ways you can abuse a language, I am currently working against a codebase of Fortran written in C, and I recognize and loathe the "that guy" who wrote it. I don't want to be someone else's "that guy" if I can help it. Just because it works does not mean that one did not totally miss the boat on how it should have been done. Do you seek out this type of critique? If so how, where and why? What types of benefits do you derive from it? How about abuse and trolls?

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  • minimum L sum in a mxn matrix - 2

    - by hilal
    Here is my first question about maximum L sum and here is different and hard version of it. Problem : Given a mxn *positive* integer matrix find the minimum L sum from 0th row to the m'th row . L(4 item) likes chess horse move Example : M = 3x3 0 1 2 1 3 2 4 2 1 Possible L moves are : (0 1 2 2), (0 1 3 2) (0 1 4 2) We should go from 0th row to the 3th row with minimum sum I solved this with dynamic-programming and here is my algorithm : 1. Take a mxn another Minimum L Moves Sum array and copy the first row of main matrix. I call it (MLMS) 2. start from first cell and look the up L moves and calculate it 3. insert it in MLMS if it is less than exists value 4. Do step 2. until m'th row 5. Choose the minimum sum in the m'th row Let me explain on my example step by step: M[ 0 ][ 0 ] sum(L1 = (0, 1, 2, 2)) = 5 ; sum(L2 = (0,1,3,2)) = 6; so MLMS[ 0 ][ 1 ] = 6 sum(L3 = (0, 1, 3, 2)) = 6 ; sum(L4 = (0,1,4,2)) = 7; so MLMS[ 2 ][ 1 ] = 6 M[ 0 ][ 1 ] sum(L5 = (1, 0, 1, 4)) = 6; sum(L6 = (1,3,2,4)) = 10; so MLMS[ 2 ][ 2 ] = 6 ... the last MSLS is : 0 1 2 4 3 6 6 6 6 Which means 6 is the minimum L sum that can be reach from 0 to the m. I think it is O(8*(m-1)*n) = O(m*n). Is there any optimal solution or dynamic-programming algorithms fit this problem? Thanks, sorry for long question

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  • I can learn either C or Java, which one should I choose first? Should I take them concurrently?

    - by GR1000
    I realize this is a subject of hot debate, but I'm interested in opinions that relate to my specific situation. I want to learn the basics and fundamentals of programming, so I'm already taking a college course in general programming concepts. It isn't covering a specific language, but it's giving me a solid foundation that I can build upon when I move on to a class that teaches a specific language. My two options for a specific language are Java and C because those are the two languages taught at the college I want to take classes from. What I want to do is learn a complex language so that I can apply that knowledge to languages that I use, or will eventually use, in my current job building web pages: XHTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, XML, ActionScript. I'm not necessariy interested in becoming a Java developer or a C developer in the immediate future, but I do have aspirations of developing web applications and iPod/iPhone applications. So, basically, I'm looking for answers to these questions and the reasoning behind them: Do I take the introductory course in Java first, and then take the intro course in C, or Do I take C first and then take Java? Is there any reason not to take them concurrently? Should I skip C altogether as Java covers everything I need to know? EDIT: Thanks everyone for your thoughtful and insightful responses.

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  • Want to add a functional language to my toolchest. Haskell or Erlang?

    - by sean.johnson
    I've been an OO/procedural guy my whole career except in school where I did a lot of logic programming (Prolog). I work on an amazing variety of projects (freelancer) and so I don't want the tools I know and understand to hold me back from using the right tool for the job. I've decided I should know a functional programming language. I've narrowed the field to Haskell and Erlang. What are the pros and cons, advantages and disadvantages, and major trade offs of Haskell and Erlang? How do I decide in a rational way, which is the better path? This is a big time investment, so I'd like to chose wisely. Is there a good case to be made for something else entirely? F#, Scala Ocaml? (BTW, I'm normally a Ruby/C/Obj.C guy, so I'm not terribly impressed or dependent on the JVM as a runtime. It's completely neutral to me. It's a fine runtime, I don't hold it for or against a language. I don't use Microsoft products though, so a .NET runtime would be a negative.)

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  • Financial Market Developer dilemma...

    - by Sahat
    ...In the future I am planning to work in the financial sector as a programmer. I have a couple of options right now (1 or 2): Learn and master .NET since presumably that's widely used in that industry OR Learn the programming concepts, learn algorithms, learn a little bit of c,c++,c#,java,objective-c,sql,oracle,cobol - in other words learn the fundamental principles that tie all programming languages together without going too deep in any particular language. Someone has told me that most of the time as a programmer you won't be writing any code, but instead maintaing and existing code that people before you have built. Does that mean I don't really need to master any specific language and as long as I have general concepts it'll be good enough? If you or if you know someone who has worked in the financial industry as a software developer could you please share the experience and what is the daily routine consists of? Also what should I be learning right now while I am still young and in college? Do I have to thoroughly understand the market and the current economy? What about Oracle or SQL Databases - do I need to know them inside out as a programmer? Thanks if you have anything else to add that I have not mentioned then please do so! Thanks in advance!

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  • How to send keypresses from qt application to libvlc

    - by anon
    I need to send keypresses from my application window to libvlc, how do i do that? I tried using varSetInteger but then i got the following error error: ‘var_SetInteger’ was not declared in this scope so i searched for the file in which var_SetInteger was defined and found that it was defined in vlc_variables.h so in included it and got the following error. What am i missing? ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:121: error: ‘__var_Create’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:121: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:121: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:121: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:121: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:122: error: ‘__var_Destroy’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:122: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:122: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:122: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:122: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:124: error: ‘__var_Change’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:124: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:124: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:124: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:124: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:126: error: ‘__var_Type’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:126: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:126: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:126: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:126: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:127: error: ‘__var_Set’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:127: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:127: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:127: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:127: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:128: error: ‘__var_Get’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:128: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:128: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:128: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:128: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:131: error: ‘__var_Command’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:131: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:131: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:131: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:131: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:133: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:171: error: ‘__var_AddCallback’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:171: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:171: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:171: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:171: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:172: error: ‘__var_DelCallback’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:172: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:172: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:172: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:172: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:173: error: ‘__var_TriggerCallback’ has not been declared ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:173: error: expected identifier before ‘(’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:173: error: expected )' before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:173: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘*’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:173: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘)’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:201: error: ‘__var_SetInteger’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:201: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:201: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:201: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:201: error: expected primary-expression before ‘int’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:201: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:202: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:215: error: ‘__var_SetBool’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:215: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:215: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:215: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:215: error: expected primary-expression before ‘bool’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:215: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:216: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:229: error: ‘__var_SetTime’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:229: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:229: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:229: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:229: error: expected primary-expression before ‘i’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:229: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:230: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:243: error: ‘__var_SetFloat’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:243: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:243: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:243: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:243: error: expected primary-expression before ‘float’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:243: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:244: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:257: error: ‘__var_SetString’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:257: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:257: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:257: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:257: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:257: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:258: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:270: error: ‘__var_SetVoid’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:270: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:270: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:270: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:270: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:271: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:302: error: ‘__var_GetInteger’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:302: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:302: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:302: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:302: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:303: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:317: error: ‘__var_GetBool’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:317: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:317: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:317: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:317: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:318: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:332: error: ‘__var_GetTime’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:332: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:332: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:332: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:332: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:333: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:347: error: ‘__var_GetFloat’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:347: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:347: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:347: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:347: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:348: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:362: error: ‘__var_GetString’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:362: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:362: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:362: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:362: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:363: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:371: error: ‘__var_GetNonEmptyString’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:371: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:371: error: ‘obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:371: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:371: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:372: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:412: error: variable or field ‘__var_IncInteger’ declared void ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:412: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:412: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:412: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:424: error: variable or field ‘__var_DecInteger’ declared void ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:424: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:424: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:424: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:437: error: ‘__var_CreateGetInteger’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:437: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:437: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:437: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:437: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:438: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:449: error: ‘__var_CreateGetBool’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:449: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:449: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:449: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:449: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:450: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:461: error: ‘__var_CreateGetTime’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:461: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:461: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:461: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:461: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:462: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:473: error: ‘__var_CreateGetFloat’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:473: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:473: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:473: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:473: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:474: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:485: error: ‘__var_CreateGetString’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:485: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:485: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:486: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:486: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:487: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:492: error: ‘__var_CreateGetNonEmptyString’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:492: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:492: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:493: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:493: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:494: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:527: error: ‘__var_CreateGetIntegerCommand’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:527: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:527: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:527: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:527: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:528: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:540: error: ‘__var_CreateGetBoolCommand’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:540: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:540: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:540: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:540: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:541: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:553: error: ‘__var_CreateGetTimeCommand’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:553: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:553: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:553: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:553: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:554: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:566: error: ‘__var_CreateGetFloatCommand’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:566: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:566: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:566: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:566: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:567: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:579: error: ‘__var_CreateGetStringCommand’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:579: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:579: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:580: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:580: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:581: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:587: error: ‘__var_CreateGetNonEmptyStringCommand’ declared as an ‘inline’ variable ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:587: error: ‘vlc_object_t’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:587: error: ‘p_obj’ was not declared in this scope ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:588: error: expected primary-expression before ‘const’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:588: error: initializer expression list treated as compound expression ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:589: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘;’ before ‘{’ token src/transcribeWidget.cpp:859: warning: unused parameter ‘bytesSent’ src/transcribeWidget.cpp:859: warning: unused parameter ‘bytesTotal’ ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:201: warning: ‘__var_SetInteger’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:215: warning: ‘__var_SetBool’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:229: warning: ‘__var_SetTime’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:243: warning: ‘__var_SetFloat’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:257: warning: ‘__var_SetString’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:270: warning: ‘__var_SetVoid’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:302: warning: ‘__var_GetInteger’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:317: warning: ‘__var_GetBool’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:332: warning: ‘__var_GetTime’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:347: warning: ‘__var_GetFloat’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:362: warning: ‘__var_GetString’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:371: warning: ‘__var_GetNonEmptyString’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:437: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetInteger’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:449: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetBool’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:461: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetTime’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:473: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetFloat’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:485: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetString’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:492: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetNonEmptyString’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:527: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetIntegerCommand’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:540: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetBoolCommand’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:553: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetTimeCommand’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:566: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetFloatCommand’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:579: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetStringCommand’ defined but not used ../vlc-0.9.10/include/vlc_variables.h:587: warning: ‘__var_CreateGetNonEmptyStringCommand’ defined but not used

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  • .NET WebRequest.PreAuthenticate not quite what it sounds like

    - by Rick Strahl
    I’ve run into the  problem a few times now: How to pre-authenticate .NET WebRequest calls doing an HTTP call to the server – essentially send authentication credentials on the very first request instead of waiting for a server challenge first? At first glance this sound like it should be easy: The .NET WebRequest object has a PreAuthenticate property which sounds like it should force authentication credentials to be sent on the first request. Looking at the MSDN example certainly looks like it does: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.net.webrequest.preauthenticate.aspx Unfortunately the MSDN sample is wrong. As is the text of the Help topic which incorrectly leads you to believe that PreAuthenticate… wait for it - pre-authenticates. But it doesn’t allow you to set credentials that are sent on the first request. What this property actually does is quite different. It doesn’t send credentials on the first request but rather caches the credentials ONCE you have already authenticated once. Http Authentication is based on a challenge response mechanism typically where the client sends a request and the server responds with a 401 header requesting authentication. So the client sends a request like this: GET /wconnect/admin/wc.wc?_maintain~ShowStatus HTTP/1.1 Host: rasnote User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3 (.NET CLR 4.0.20506) Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en,de;q=0.7,en-us;q=0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive and the server responds with: HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized Cache-Control: private Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 WWW-Authenticate: basic realm=rasnote" X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727 WWW-Authenticate: Negotiate WWW-Authenticate: NTLM WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="rasnote" X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Tue, 27 Oct 2009 00:58:20 GMT Content-Length: 5163 plus the actual error message body. The client then is responsible for re-sending the current request with the authentication token information provided (in this case Basic Auth): GET /wconnect/admin/wc.wc?_maintain~ShowStatus HTTP/1.1 Host: rasnote User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3 (.NET CLR 4.0.20506) Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en,de;q=0.7,en-us;q=0.3 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive Cookie: TimeTrakker=2HJ1998WH06696; WebLogCommentUser=Rick Strahl|http://www.west-wind.com/|[email protected]; WebStoreUser=b8bd0ed9 Authorization: Basic cgsf12aDpkc2ZhZG1zMA== Once the authorization info is sent the server responds with the actual page result. Now if you use WebRequest (or WebClient) the default behavior is to re-authenticate on every request that requires authorization. This means if you look in  Fiddler or some other HTTP client Proxy that captures requests you’ll see that each request re-authenticates: Here are two requests fired back to back: and you can see the 401 challenge, the 200 response for both requests. If you watch this same conversation between a browser and a server you’ll notice that the first 401 is also there but the subsequent 401 requests are not present. WebRequest.PreAuthenticate And this is precisely what the WebRequest.PreAuthenticate property does: It’s a caching mechanism that caches the connection credentials for a given domain in the active process and resends it on subsequent requests. It does not send credentials on the first request but it will cache credentials on subsequent requests after authentication has succeeded: string url = "http://rasnote/wconnect/admin/wc.wc?_maintain~ShowStatus"; HttpWebRequest req = HttpWebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; req.PreAuthenticate = true; req.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("rick", "secret", "rasnote"); req.AuthenticationLevel = System.Net.Security.AuthenticationLevel.MutualAuthRequested; req.UserAgent = ": Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3 (.NET CLR 4.0.20506)"; WebResponse resp = req.GetResponse(); resp.Close(); req = HttpWebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; req.PreAuthenticate = true; req.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("rstrahl", "secret", "rasnote"); req.AuthenticationLevel = System.Net.Security.AuthenticationLevel.MutualAuthRequested; req.UserAgent = ": Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3 (.NET CLR 4.0.20506)"; resp = req.GetResponse(); which results in the desired sequence: where only the first request doesn’t send credentials. This is quite useful as it saves quite a few round trips to the server – bascially it saves one auth request request for every authenticated request you make. In most scenarios I think you’d want to send these credentials this way but one downside to this is that there’s no way to log out the client. Since the client always sends the credentials once authenticated only an explicit operation ON THE SERVER can undo the credentials by forcing another login explicitly (ie. re-challenging with a forced 401 request). Forcing Basic Authentication Credentials on the first Request On a few occasions I’ve needed to send credentials on a first request – mainly to some oddball third party Web Services (why you’d want to use Basic Auth on a Web Service is beyond me – don’t ask but it’s not uncommon in my experience). This is true of certain services that are using Basic Authentication (especially some Apache based Web Services) and REQUIRE that the authentication is sent right from the first request. No challenge first. Ugly but there it is. Now the following works only with Basic Authentication because it’s pretty straight forward to create the Basic Authorization ‘token’ in code since it’s just an unencrypted encoding of the user name and password into base64. As you might guess this is totally unsecure and should only be used when using HTTPS/SSL connections (i’m not in this example so I can capture the Fiddler trace and my local machine doesn’t have a cert installed, but for production apps ALWAYS use SSL with basic auth). The idea is that you simply add the required Authorization header to the request on your own along with the authorization string that encodes the username and password: string url = "http://rasnote/wconnect/admin/wc.wc?_maintain~ShowStatus"; HttpWebRequest req = HttpWebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; string user = "rick"; string pwd = "secret"; string domain = "www.west-wind.com"; string auth = "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(user + ":" + pwd)); req.PreAuthenticate = true; req.AuthenticationLevel = System.Net.Security.AuthenticationLevel.MutualAuthRequested;req.Headers.Add("Authorization", auth); req.UserAgent = ": Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3 (.NET CLR 4.0.20506)"; WebResponse resp = req.GetResponse(); resp.Close(); This works and causes the request to immediately send auth information to the server. However, this only works with Basic Auth because you can actually create the authentication credentials easily on the client because it’s essentially clear text. The same doesn’t work for Windows or Digest authentication since you can’t easily create the authentication token on the client and send it to the server. Another issue with this approach is that PreAuthenticate has no effect when you manually force the authentication. As far as Web Request is concerned it never sent the authentication information so it’s not actually caching the value any longer. If you run 3 requests in a row like this: string url = "http://rasnote/wconnect/admin/wc.wc?_maintain~ShowStatus"; HttpWebRequest req = HttpWebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; string user = "ricks"; string pwd = "secret"; string domain = "www.west-wind.com"; string auth = "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(user + ":" + pwd)); req.PreAuthenticate = true; req.Headers.Add("Authorization", auth); req.UserAgent = ": Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3 (.NET CLR 4.0.20506)"; WebResponse resp = req.GetResponse(); resp.Close(); req = HttpWebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; req.PreAuthenticate = true; req.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, pwd, domain); req.UserAgent = ": Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3 (.NET CLR 4.0.20506)"; resp = req.GetResponse(); resp.Close(); req = HttpWebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; req.PreAuthenticate = true; req.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, pwd, domain); req.UserAgent = ": Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3 (.NET CLR 4.0.20506)"; resp = req.GetResponse(); you’ll find the trace looking like this: where the first request (the one we explicitly add the header to) authenticates, the second challenges, and any subsequent ones then use the PreAuthenticate credential caching. In effect you’ll end up with one extra 401 request in this scenario, which is still better than 401 challenges on each request. Getting Access to WebRequest in Classic .NET Web Service Clients If you’re running a classic .NET Web Service client (non-WCF) one issue with the above is how do you get access to the WebRequest to actually add the custom headers to do the custom Authentication described above? One easy way is to implement a partial class that allows you add headers with something like this: public partial class TaxService { protected NameValueCollection Headers = new NameValueCollection(); public void AddHttpHeader(string key, string value) { this.Headers.Add(key,value); } public void ClearHttpHeaders() { this.Headers.Clear(); } protected override WebRequest GetWebRequest(Uri uri) { HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest) base.GetWebRequest(uri); request.Headers.Add(this.Headers); return request; } } where TaxService is the name of the .NET generated proxy class. In code you can then call AddHttpHeader() anywhere to add additional headers which are sent as part of the GetWebRequest override. Nice and simple once you know where to hook it. For WCF there’s a bit more work involved by creating a message extension as described here: http://weblogs.asp.net/avnerk/archive/2006/04/26/Adding-custom-headers-to-every-WCF-call-_2D00_-a-solution.aspx. FWIW, I think that HTTP header manipulation should be readily available on any HTTP based Web Service client DIRECTLY without having to subclass or implement a special interface hook. But alas a little extra work is required in .NET to make this happen Not a Common Problem, but when it happens… This has been one of those issues that is really rare, but it’s bitten me on several occasions when dealing with oddball Web services – a couple of times in my own work interacting with various Web Services and a few times on customer projects that required interaction with credentials-first services. Since the servers determine the protocol, we don’t have a choice but to follow the protocol. Lovely following standards that implementers decide to ignore, isn’t it? :-}© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in .NET  CSharp  Web Services  

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  • VMware Player 4.04 on Ubuntu 12.04 will not compile

    - by stephen mew
    I installed VMware-Player-4.0.4-744019.i386.bundle onto Ubuntu 11.10. This worked fine. I then upgraded to Ubuntu 12.04 The upgrade appeared to be successful. I then tried to start VMware Player and I got a popup "VMware Kernel Module Updater" I accept the process (click Install) The updater process runs, the output of which is; Stopping VMWare Services [green tick] Virtual Machine Monitor [RED exclamation mark] Virtual Network Device [green tick] VMware Blocking Filesystem [green tick] Virtual Machine Communication Interface [green tick] VMCI Sockets Error popup; Unable to start services See log file /tmp/vmware-root/modconfig-11912.log" Looking in the log file It seems that these are the complaints. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.829Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed to find /lib/modules/preferred/build/include/linux/version.h 2012-07-11T15:35:19.829Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed version test: /lib/modules/preferred/build/include/linux/version.h 2012-07-11T15:35:49.683Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed to compile module vmnet! I tried the patch for 4.0.3 and it did not work. Can anyone point me in the right direction here ? log file; 2012-07-11T15:35:18.618Z| vthread-3| I120: Log for VMware Workstation pid=11912 version=8.0.4 build=build-744019 option=Release 2012-07-11T15:35:18.618Z| vthread-3| I120: The process is 32-bit. 2012-07-11T15:35:18.618Z| vthread-3| I120: Host codepage=UTF-8 encoding=UTF-8 2012-07-11T15:35:18.618Z| vthread-3| I120: Host is Linux 3.2.0-26-generic Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 2012-07-11T15:35:18.616Z| vthread-3| I120: Msg_Reset: 2012-07-11T15:35:18.616Z| vthread-3| I120: [msg.dictionary.load.openFailed] Cannot open file "/usr/lib/vmware/settings": No such file or directory. 2012-07-11T15:35:18.616Z| vthread-3| I120: ---------------------------------------- 2012-07-11T15:35:18.616Z| vthread-3| I120: PREF Optional preferences file not found at /usr/lib/vmware/settings. Using default values. 2012-07-11T15:35:18.617Z| vthread-3| I120: Msg_Reset: 2012-07-11T15:35:18.617Z| vthread-3| I120: [msg.dictionary.load.openFailed] Cannot open file "/root/.vmware/config": No such file or directory. 2012-07-11T15:35:18.617Z| vthread-3| I120: ---------------------------------------- 2012-07-11T15:35:18.617Z| vthread-3| I120: PREF Optional preferences file not found at /root/.vmware/config. Using default values. 2012-07-11T15:35:18.617Z| vthread-3| I120: Msg_Reset: 2012-07-11T15:35:18.617Z| vthread-3| I120: [msg.dictionary.load.openFailed] Cannot open file "/root/.vmware/preferences": No such file or directory. 2012-07-11T15:35:18.617Z| vthread-3| I120: ---------------------------------------- 2012-07-11T15:35:18.617Z| vthread-3| I120: PREF Failed to load user preferences. 2012-07-11T15:35:18.618Z| vthread-3| W110: Logging to /tmp/vmware-root/modconfig-11912.log 2012-07-11T15:35:19.054Z| vthread-3| I120: modconf query interface initialized 2012-07-11T15:35:19.056Z| vthread-3| I120: modconf library initialized 2012-07-11T15:35:19.158Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.168Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/preferred/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:19.168Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed to find /lib/modules/preferred/build/include/linux/version.h 2012-07-11T15:35:19.168Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed version test: /lib/modules/preferred/build/include/linux/version.h not found. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.168Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:19.175Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.201Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.291Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.292Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:19.296Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.326Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.417Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.480Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.489Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.498Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.507Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.517Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.566Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.575Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.584Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.593Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.602Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.606Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/preferred/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:19.606Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed to find /lib/modules/preferred/build/include/linux/version.h 2012-07-11T15:35:19.606Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed version test: /lib/modules/preferred/build/include/linux/version.h not found. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.606Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:19.611Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.635Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.741Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.787Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.796Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.805Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.814Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.824Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.829Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/preferred/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:19.829Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed to find /lib/modules/preferred/build/include/linux/version.h 2012-07-11T15:35:19.829Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed version test: /lib/modules/preferred/build/include/linux/version.h not found. 2012-07-11T15:35:19.829Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:19.834Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.857Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:19.945Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:35:25.503Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:25.514Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:25.523Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:25.533Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:25.542Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:26.338Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:26.338Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:26.343Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:26.368Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:26.455Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:35:26.455Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module vmmon. 2012-07-11T15:35:26.455Z| vthread-3| I120: Extracting the sources of the vmmon module. 2012-07-11T15:35:26.484Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module with command: /usr/bin/make -j -C /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmmon-only auto-build SUPPORT_SMP=1 HEADER_DIR=/lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include CC=/usr/bin/gcc GREP=/usr/bin/make IS_GCC_3=no VMCCVER=4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:35.469Z| vthread-3| I120: Installing module vmmon from /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmmon.o to /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/misc. 2012-07-11T15:35:35.470Z| vthread-3| I120: Registering file: /usr/lib/vmware-installer/2.0/vmware-installer --register-file vmware-vmx regular /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/misc/vmmon.ko 2012-07-11T15:35:39.713Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:39.713Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:39.719Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:39.753Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:39.845Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:35:39.845Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module vmnet. 2012-07-11T15:35:39.846Z| vthread-3| I120: Extracting the sources of the vmnet module. 2012-07-11T15:35:39.913Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module with command: /usr/bin/make -j -C /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmnet-only auto-build SUPPORT_SMP=1 HEADER_DIR=/lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include CC=/usr/bin/gcc GREP=/usr/bin/make IS_GCC_3=no VMCCVER=4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:49.683Z| vthread-3| I120: Failed to compile module vmnet! 2012-07-11T15:35:49.704Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:35:49.705Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:35:49.729Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:49.874Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:49.961Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:35:49.961Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module vmblock. 2012-07-11T15:35:49.961Z| vthread-3| I120: Extracting the sources of the vmblock module. 2012-07-11T15:35:50.159Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module with command: /usr/bin/make -j -C /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only auto-build SUPPORT_SMP=1 HEADER_DIR=/lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include CC=/usr/bin/gcc GREP=/usr/bin/make IS_GCC_3=no VMCCVER=4.6 2012-07-11T15:35:59.283Z| vthread-3| I120: Installing module vmblock from /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock.o to /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/misc. 2012-07-11T15:35:59.284Z| vthread-3| I120: Registering file: /usr/lib/vmware-installer/2.0/vmware-installer --register-file vmware-vmx regular /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/misc/vmblock.ko 2012-07-11T15:36:04.318Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:36:04.319Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:36:04.324Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:36:04.344Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:36:04.427Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:36:04.427Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module vmci. 2012-07-11T15:36:04.428Z| vthread-3| I120: Extracting the sources of the vmci module. 2012-07-11T15:36:04.456Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module with command: /usr/bin/make -j -C /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only auto-build SUPPORT_SMP=1 HEADER_DIR=/lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include CC=/usr/bin/gcc GREP=/usr/bin/make IS_GCC_3=no VMCCVER=4.6 2012-07-11T15:36:15.728Z| vthread-3| I120: Installing module vmci from /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci.o to /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/misc. 2012-07-11T15:36:15.730Z| vthread-3| I120: Registering file: /usr/lib/vmware-installer/2.0/vmware-installer --register-file vmware-vmx regular /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/misc/vmci.ko 2012-07-11T15:36:20.349Z| vthread-3| I120: Trying to find a suitable PBM set for kernel 3.2.0-26-generic. 2012-07-11T15:36:20.350Z| vthread-3| I120: Validating path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic 2012-07-11T15:36:20.355Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:36:20.378Z| vthread-3| I120: Your GCC version: 4.6 2012-07-11T15:36:20.464Z| vthread-3| I120: Header path /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include for kernel release 3.2.0-26-generic is valid. 2012-07-11T15:36:20.464Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module vmci. 2012-07-11T15:36:20.464Z| vthread-3| I120: Extracting the sources of the vmci module. 2012-07-11T15:36:20.514Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module with command: /usr/bin/make -j -C /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only auto-build SUPPORT_SMP=1 HEADER_DIR=/lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include CC=/usr/bin/gcc GREP=/usr/bin/make IS_GCC_3=no VMCCVER=4.6 2012-07-11T15:36:22.732Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module vsock. 2012-07-11T15:36:22.732Z| vthread-3| I120: Extracting the sources of the vsock module. 2012-07-11T15:36:22.783Z| vthread-3| I120: Building module with command: /usr/bin/make -j -C /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only auto-build SUPPORT_SMP=1 HEADER_DIR=/lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/build/include CC=/usr/bin/gcc GREP=/usr/bin/make IS_GCC_3=no VMCCVER=4.6 2012-07-11T15:36:33.825Z| vthread-3| I120: Installing module vsock from /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock.o to /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/misc. 2012-07-11T15:36:33.826Z| vthread-3| I120: Registering file: /usr/lib/vmware-installer/2.0/vmware-installer --register-file vmware-vmx regular /lib/modules/3.2.0-26-generic/misc/vsock.ko

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  • It's not just “Single Sign-on” by Steve Knott (aurionPro SENA)

    - by Greg Jensen
    It is true that Oracle Enterprise Single Sign-on (Oracle ESSO) started out as purely an application single sign-on tool but as we have seen in the previous articles in this series the product has matured into a suite of tools that can do more than just automated single sign-on and can also provide rapidly deployed, cost effective solution to many demanding password management problems. In the last article of this series I would like to discuss three cases where customers faced password scenarios that required more than just single sign-on and how some of the less well known tools in the Oracle ESSO suite “kitbag” helped solve these challenges. Case #1 One of the issues often faced by our customers is how to keep their applications compliant. I had a client who liked the idea of automated single sign-on for most of his applications but had a key requirement to actually increase the security for one specific SOX application. For the SOX application he wanted to secure access by using two-factor authentication with a smartcard. The problem was that the application did not support two-factor authentication. The solution was to use a feature from the Oracle ESSO suite called authentication manager. This feature enables you to have multiple authentication methods for the same user which in this case was a smartcard and the Windows password.  Within authentication manager each authenticator can be configured with a security grade so we gave the smartcard a high grade and the Windows password a normal grade. Security grading in Oracle ESSO can be configured on a per application basis so we set the SOX application to require the higher grade smartcard authenticator. The end result for the user was that they enjoyed automated single sign-on for most of the applications apart from the SOX application. When the SOX application was launched, the user was required by ESSO to present their smartcard before being given access to the application. Case #2 Another example solving compliance issues was in the case of a large energy company who had a number of core billing applications. New regulations required that users change their password regularly and use a complex password. The problem facing the customer was that the core billing applications did not have any native user password change functionality. The customer could not replace the core applications because of the cost and time required to re-develop them. With a reputation for innovation aurionPro SENA were approached to provide a solution to this problem using Oracle ESSO. Oracle ESSO has a password expiry feature that can be triggered periodically based on the timestamp of the users’ last password creation therefore our strategy here was to leverage this feature to provide the password change experience. The trigger can launch an application change password event however in this scenario there was no native change password feature that could be launched therefore a “dummy” change password screen was created that could imitate the missing change password function and connect to the application database on behalf of the user. Oracle ESSO was configured to trigger a change password event every 60 days. After this period if the user launched the application Oracle ESSO would detect the logon screen and invoke the password expiry feature. Oracle ESSO would trigger the “dummy screen,” detect it automatically as the application change password screen and insert a complex password on behalf of the user. After the password event had completed the user was logged on to the application with their new password. All this was provided at a fraction of the cost of re-developing the core applications. Case #3 Recent popular initiatives such as the BYOD and working from home schemes bring with them many challenges in administering “unmanaged machines” and sometimes “unmanageable users.” In a recent case, a client had a dispersed community of casual contractors who worked for the business using their own laptops to access applications. To improve security the around password management the security goal was to provision the passwords directly to these contractors. In a previous article we saw how Oracle ESSO has the capability to provision passwords through Provisioning Gateway but the challenge in this scenario was how to get the Oracle ESSO agent to the casual contractor on an unmanaged machine. The answer was to use another tool in the suite, Oracle ESSO Anywhere. This component can compile the normal Oracle ESSO functionality into a deployment package that can be made available from a website in a similar way to a streamed application. The ESSO Anywhere agent does not actually install into the registry or program files but runs in a folder within the user’s profile therefore no local administrator rights are required for installation. The ESSO Anywhere package can also be configured to stay persistent or disable itself at the end of the user’s session. In this case the user just needed to be told where the website package was located and download the package. Once the download was complete the agent started automatically and the user was provided with single sign-on to their applications without ever knowing the application passwords. Finally, as we have seen in these series Oracle ESSO not only has great utilities in its own tool box but also has direct integration with Oracle Privileged Account Manager, Oracle Identity Manager and Oracle Access Manager. Integrated together with these tools provides a complete and complementary platform to address even the most complex identity and access management requirements. So what next for Oracle ESSO? “Agentless ESSO available in the cloud” – but that will be a subject for a future Oracle ESSO series!                                                                                                                               

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  • Service Broker, not ETL

    - by jamiet
    I have been very quiet on this blog of late and one reason for that is I have been very busy on a client project that I would like to talk about a little here. The client that I have been working for has a website that runs on a distributed architecture utilising a messaging infrastructure for communication between different endpoints. My brief was to build a system that could consume these messages and produce analytical information in near-real-time. More specifically I basically had to deliver a data warehouse however it was the real-time aspect of the project that really intrigued me. This real-time requirement meant that using an Extract transformation, Load (ETL) tool was out of the question and so I had no choice but to write T-SQL code (i.e. stored-procedures) to process the incoming messages and load the data into the data warehouse. This concerned me though – I had no way to control the rate at which data would arrive into the system yet we were going to have end-users querying the system at the same time that those messages were arriving; the potential for contention in such a scenario was pretty high and and was something I wanted to minimise as much as possible. Moreover I did not want the processing of data inside the data warehouse to have any impact on the customer-facing website. As you have probably guessed from the title of this blog post this is where Service Broker stepped in! For those that have not heard of it Service Broker is a queuing technology that has been built into SQL Server since SQL Server 2005. It provides a number of features however the one that was of interest to me was the fact that it facilitates asynchronous data processing which, in layman’s terms, means the ability to process some data without requiring the system that supplied the data having to wait for the response. That was a crucial feature because on this project the customer-facing website (in effect an OLTP system) would be calling one of our stored procedures with each message – we did not want to cause the OLTP system to wait on us every time we processed one of those messages. This asynchronous nature also helps to alleviate the contention problem because the asynchronous processing activity is handled just like any other task in the database engine and hence can wait on another task (such as an end-user query). Service Broker it was then! The stored procedure called by the OLTP system would simply put the message onto a queue and we would use a feature called activation to pick each message off the queue in turn and process it into the warehouse. At the time of writing the system is not yet up to full capacity but so far everything seems to be working OK (touch wood) and crucially our users are seeing data in near-real-time. By near-real-time I am talking about latencies of a few minutes at most and to someone like me who is used to building systems that have overnight latencies that is a huge step forward! So then, am I advocating that you all go out and dump your ETL tools? Of course not, no! What this project has taught me though is that in certain scenarios there may be better ways to implement a data warehouse system then the traditional “load data in overnight” approach that we are all used to. Moreover I have really enjoyed getting to grips with a new technology and even if you don’t want to use Service Broker you might want to consider asynchronous messaging architectures for your BI/data warehousing solutions in the future. This has been a very high level overview of my use of Service Broker and I have deliberately left out much of the minutiae of what has been a very challenging implementation. Nonetheless I hope I have caused you to reflect upon your own approaches to BI and question whether other approaches may be more tenable. All comments and questions gratefully received! Lastly, if you have never used Service Broker before and want to kick the tyres I have provided below a very simple “Service Broker Hello World” script that will create all of the objects required to facilitate Service Broker communications and then send the message “Hello World” from one place to anther! This doesn’t represent a “proper” implementation per se because it doesn’t close down down conversation objects (which you should always do in a real-world scenario) but its enough to demonstrate the capabilities! @Jamiet ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /*This is a basic Service Broker Hello World app. Have fun! -Jamie */ USE MASTER GO CREATE DATABASE SBTest GO --Turn Service Broker on! ALTER DATABASE SBTest SET ENABLE_BROKER GO USE SBTest GO -- 1) we need to create a message type. Note that our message type is -- very simple and allowed any type of content CREATE MESSAGE TYPE HelloMessage VALIDATION = NONE GO -- 2) Once the message type has been created, we need to create a contract -- that specifies who can send what types of messages CREATE CONTRACT HelloContract (HelloMessage SENT BY INITIATOR) GO --We can query the metadata of the objects we just created SELECT * FROM   sys.service_message_types WHERE name = 'HelloMessage'; SELECT * FROM   sys.service_contracts WHERE name = 'HelloContract'; SELECT * FROM   sys.service_contract_message_usages WHERE  service_contract_id IN (SELECT service_contract_id FROM sys.service_contracts WHERE name = 'HelloContract') AND        message_type_id IN (SELECT message_type_id FROM sys.service_message_types WHERE name = 'HelloMessage'); -- 3) The communication is between two endpoints. Thus, we need two queues to -- hold messages CREATE QUEUE SenderQueue CREATE QUEUE ReceiverQueue GO --more querying metatda SELECT * FROM sys.service_queues WHERE name IN ('SenderQueue','ReceiverQueue'); --we can also select from the queues as if they were tables SELECT * FROM SenderQueue   SELECT * FROM ReceiverQueue   -- 4) Create the required services and bind them to be above created queues CREATE SERVICE Sender   ON QUEUE SenderQueue CREATE SERVICE Receiver   ON QUEUE ReceiverQueue (HelloContract) GO --more querying metadata SELECT * FROM sys.services WHERE name IN ('Receiver','Sender'); -- 5) At this point, we can begin the conversation between the two services by -- sending messages DECLARE @conversationHandle UNIQUEIDENTIFIER DECLARE @message NVARCHAR(100) BEGIN   BEGIN TRANSACTION;   BEGIN DIALOG @conversationHandle         FROM SERVICE Sender         TO SERVICE 'Receiver'         ON CONTRACT HelloContract WITH ENCRYPTION=OFF   -- Send a message on the conversation   SET @message = N'Hello, World';   SEND  ON CONVERSATION @conversationHandle         MESSAGE TYPE HelloMessage (@message)   COMMIT TRANSACTION END GO --check contents of queues SELECT * FROM SenderQueue   SELECT * FROM ReceiverQueue   GO -- Receive a message from the queue RECEIVE CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), message_body) AS MESSAGE FROM ReceiverQueue GO --If no messages were received and/or you can't see anything on the queues you may wish to check the following for clues: SELECT * FROM sys.transmission_queue -- Cleanup DROP SERVICE Sender DROP SERVICE Receiver DROP QUEUE SenderQueue DROP QUEUE ReceiverQueue DROP CONTRACT HelloContract DROP MESSAGE TYPE HelloMessage GO USE MASTER GO DROP DATABASE SBTest GO

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  • Render To Texture Using OpenGL is not working but normal rendering works just fine

    - by Franky Rivera
    things I initialize at the beginning of the program I realize not all of these pertain to my issue I just copy and pasted what I had //overall initialized //things openGL related I initialize earlier on in the project glClearColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ); glClearDepth( 1.0f ); glEnable(GL_ALPHA_TEST); glEnable( GL_STENCIL_TEST ); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc( GL_LEQUAL ); glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); glFrontFace( GL_CCW ); glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glHint( GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST ); //we also initialize our shader programs //(i added some shader program functions for definitions) //this enum list is else where in code //i figured it would help show you guys more about my //shader compile creation function right under this enum list VVVVVV /*enum eSHADER_ATTRIB_LOCATION { VERTEX_ATTRIB = 0, NORMAL_ATTRIB = 2, COLOR_ATTRIB, COLOR2_ATTRIB, FOG_COORD, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB0 = 8, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB1, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB2, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB3, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB4, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB5, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB6, TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB7 }; */ //if we fail making our shader leave if( !testShader.CreateShader( "SimpleShader.vp", "SimpleShader.fp", 3, VERTEX_ATTRIB, "vVertexPos", NORMAL_ATTRIB, "vNormal", TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB0, "vTexCoord" ) ) return false; if( !testScreenShader.CreateShader( "ScreenShader.vp", "ScreenShader.fp", 3, VERTEX_ATTRIB, "vVertexPos", NORMAL_ATTRIB, "vNormal", TEXTURE_COORD_ATTRIB0, "vTexCoord" ) ) return false; SHADER PROGRAM FUNCTIONS bool CShaderProgram::CreateShader( const char* szVertexShaderName, const char* szFragmentShaderName, ... ) { //here are our handles for the openGL shaders int iGLVertexShaderHandle = -1, iGLFragmentShaderHandle = -1; //get our shader data char *vData = 0, *fData = 0; int vLength = 0, fLength = 0; LoadShaderFile( szVertexShaderName, &vData, &vLength ); LoadShaderFile( szFragmentShaderName, &fData, &fLength ); //data if( !vData ) return false; //data if( !fData ) { delete[] vData; return false; } //create both our shader objects iGLVertexShaderHandle = glCreateShader( GL_VERTEX_SHADER ); iGLFragmentShaderHandle = glCreateShader( GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER ); //well we got this far so we have dynamic data to clean up //load vertex shader glShaderSource( iGLVertexShaderHandle, 1, (const char**)(&vData), &vLength ); //load fragment shader glShaderSource( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, 1, (const char**)(&fData), &fLength ); //we are done with our data delete it delete[] vData; delete[] fData; //compile them both glCompileShader( iGLVertexShaderHandle ); //get shader status int iShaderOk; glGetShaderiv( iGLVertexShaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &iShaderOk ); if( iShaderOk == GL_FALSE ) { char* buffer; //get what happend with our shader glGetShaderiv( iGLVertexShaderHandle, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &iShaderOk ); buffer = new char[iShaderOk]; glGetShaderInfoLog( iGLVertexShaderHandle, iShaderOk, NULL, buffer ); //sprintf_s( buffer, "Failure Our Object For %s was not created", szFileName ); MessageBoxA( NULL, buffer, szVertexShaderName, MB_OK ); //delete our dynamic data free( buffer ); glDeleteShader(iGLVertexShaderHandle); return false; } glCompileShader( iGLFragmentShaderHandle ); //get shader status glGetShaderiv( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &iShaderOk ); if( iShaderOk == GL_FALSE ) { char* buffer; //get what happend with our shader glGetShaderiv( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &iShaderOk ); buffer = new char[iShaderOk]; glGetShaderInfoLog( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, iShaderOk, NULL, buffer ); //sprintf_s( buffer, "Failure Our Object For %s was not created", szFileName ); MessageBoxA( NULL, buffer, szFragmentShaderName, MB_OK ); //delete our dynamic data free( buffer ); glDeleteShader(iGLFragmentShaderHandle); return false; } //lets check to see if the fragment shader compiled int iCompiled = 0; glGetShaderiv( iGLVertexShaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &iCompiled ); if( !iCompiled ) { //this shader did not compile leave return false; } //lets check to see if the fragment shader compiled glGetShaderiv( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &iCompiled ); if( !iCompiled ) { char* buffer; //get what happend with our shader glGetShaderiv( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &iShaderOk ); buffer = new char[iShaderOk]; glGetShaderInfoLog( iGLFragmentShaderHandle, iShaderOk, NULL, buffer ); //sprintf_s( buffer, "Failure Our Object For %s was not created", szFileName ); MessageBoxA( NULL, buffer, szFragmentShaderName, MB_OK ); //delete our dynamic data free( buffer ); glDeleteShader(iGLFragmentShaderHandle); return false; } //make our new shader program m_iShaderProgramHandle = glCreateProgram(); glAttachShader( m_iShaderProgramHandle, iGLVertexShaderHandle ); glAttachShader( m_iShaderProgramHandle, iGLFragmentShaderHandle ); glLinkProgram( m_iShaderProgramHandle ); int iLinked = 0; glGetProgramiv( m_iShaderProgramHandle, GL_LINK_STATUS, &iLinked ); if( !iLinked ) { //we didn't link return false; } //NOW LETS CREATE ALL OUR HANDLES TO OUR PROPER LIKING //start from this parameter va_list parseList; va_start( parseList, szFragmentShaderName ); //read in number of variables if any unsigned uiNum = 0; uiNum = va_arg( parseList, unsigned ); //for loop through our attribute pairs int enumType = 0; for( unsigned x = 0; x < uiNum; ++x ) { //specify our attribute locations enumType = va_arg( parseList, int ); char* name = va_arg( parseList, char* ); glBindAttribLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, enumType, name ); } //end our list parsing va_end( parseList ); //relink specify //we have custom specified our attribute locations glLinkProgram( m_iShaderProgramHandle ); //fill our handles InitializeHandles( ); //everything went great return true; } void CShaderProgram::InitializeHandles( void ) { m_uihMVP = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "mMVP" ); m_uihWorld = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "mWorld" ); m_uihView = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "mView" ); m_uihProjection = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "mProjection" ); ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //texture handles m_uihDiffuseMap = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "diffuseMap" ); if( m_uihDiffuseMap != -1 ) { //store what texture index this handle will be in the shader glUniform1i( m_uihDiffuseMap, RM_DIFFUSE+GL_TEXTURE0 ); (0)+ } m_uihNormalMap = glGetUniformLocation( m_iShaderProgramHandle, "normalMap" ); if( m_uihNormalMap != -1 ) { //store what texture index this handle will be in the shader glUniform1i( m_uihNormalMap, RM_NORMAL+GL_TEXTURE0 ); (1)+ } } void CShaderProgram::SetDiffuseMap( const unsigned& uihDiffuseMap ) { (0)+ glActiveTexture( RM_DIFFUSE+GL_TEXTURE0 ); glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, uihDiffuseMap ); } void CShaderProgram::SetNormalMap( const unsigned& uihNormalMap ) { (1)+ glActiveTexture( RM_NORMAL+GL_TEXTURE0 ); glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, uihNormalMap ); } //MY 2 TEST SHADERS also my math order is correct it pertains to my matrix ordering in my math library once again i've tested the basic rendering. rendering to the screen works fine ----------------------------------------SIMPLE SHADER------------------------------------- //vertex shader looks like this #version 330 in vec3 vVertexPos; in vec3 vNormal; in vec2 vTexCoord; uniform mat4 mWorld; // Model Matrix uniform mat4 mView; // Camera View Matrix uniform mat4 mProjection;// Camera Projection Matrix out vec2 vTexCoordVary; // Texture coord to the fragment program out vec3 vNormalColor; void main( void ) { //pass the texture coordinate vTexCoordVary = vTexCoord; vNormalColor = vNormal; //calculate our model view projection matrix mat4 mMVP = (( mWorld * mView ) * mProjection ); //result our position gl_Position = vec4( vVertexPos, 1 ) * mMVP; } //fragment shader looks like this #version 330 in vec2 vTexCoordVary; in vec3 vNormalColor; uniform sampler2D diffuseMap; uniform sampler2D normalMap; out vec4 fragColor[2]; void main( void ) { //CORRECT fragColor[0] = texture( normalMap, vTexCoordVary ); fragColor[1] = vec4( vNormalColor, 1.0 ); }; ----------------------------------------SCREEN SHADER------------------------------------- //vertext shader looks like this #version 330 in vec3 vVertexPos; // This is the position of the vertex coming in in vec2 vTexCoord; // This is the texture coordinate.... out vec2 vTexCoordVary; // Texture coord to the fragment program void main( void ) { vTexCoordVary = vTexCoord; //set our position gl_Position = vec4( vVertexPos.xyz, 1.0f ); } //fragment shader looks like this #version 330 in vec2 vTexCoordVary; // Incoming "varying" texture coordinate uniform sampler2D diffuseMap;//the tile detail texture uniform sampler2D normalMap; //the normal map from earlier out vec4 vTheColorOfThePixel; void main( void ) { //CORRECT vTheColorOfThePixel = texture( normalMap, vTexCoordVary ); }; .Class RenderTarget Main Functions //here is my render targets create function bool CRenderTarget::Create( const unsigned uiNumTextures, unsigned uiWidth, unsigned uiHeight, int iInternalFormat, bool bDepthWanted ) { if( uiNumTextures <= 0 ) return false; //generate our variables glGenFramebuffers(1, &m_uifboHandle); // Initialize FBO glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_uifboHandle); m_uiNumTextures = uiNumTextures; if( bDepthWanted ) m_uiNumTextures += 1; m_uiTextureHandle = new unsigned int[uiNumTextures]; glGenTextures( uiNumTextures, m_uiTextureHandle ); for( unsigned x = 0; x < uiNumTextures-1; ++x ) { glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_uiTextureHandle[x]); // Reserve space for our 2D render target glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, iInternalFormat, uiWidth, uiHeight, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL); glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + x, GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_uiTextureHandle[x], 0); } //if we need one for depth testing if( bDepthWanted ) { glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1], 0); glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1], 0);*/ // Must attach texture to framebuffer. Has Stencil and depth glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1]); glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, /*GL_DEPTH_STENCIL*/GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, TEXTURE_WIDTH, TEXTURE_HEIGHT ); glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1]); glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_uiTextureHandle[uiNumTextures-1]); } glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0); //everything went fine return true; } void CRenderTarget::Bind( const int& iTargetAttachmentLoc, const unsigned& uiWhichTexture, const bool bBindFrameBuffer ) { if( bBindFrameBuffer ) glBindFramebuffer( GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_uifboHandle ); if( uiWhichTexture < m_uiNumTextures ) glFramebufferTexture(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + iTargetAttachmentLoc, m_uiTextureHandle[uiWhichTexture], 0); } void CRenderTarget::UnBind( void ) { //default our binding glBindFramebuffer( GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0 ); } //this is all in a test project so here's my straight forward rendering function for testing this render function does basic rendering steps keep in mind i have already tested my textures i have already tested my box thats being rendered all basic rendering works fine its just when i try to render to a texture then display it in a render surface that it does not work. Also I have tested my render surface it is bound exactly to the screen coordinate space void TestRenderSteps( void ) { //Clear the color and the depth glClearColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ); glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT ); //bind the shader program glUseProgram( testShader.m_iShaderProgramHandle ); //1) grab the vertex buffer related to our rendering glBindBuffer( GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionNormalTexBuffer().GetBufferHandle() ); //2) how our stream will be split here ( 4 bytes position, ..ext ) CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionNormalTexBuffer().MapVertexStride(); //3) set the index buffer if needed glBindBuffer( GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, CIndexBuffer::GetInstance()->GetBufferHandle() ); //send the needed information into the shader testShader.SetWorldMatrix( boxPosition ); testShader.SetViewMatrix( Static_Camera.GetView( ) ); testShader.SetProjectionMatrix( Static_Camera.GetProjection( ) ); testShader.SetDiffuseMap( iTextureID ); testShader.SetNormalMap( iTextureID2 ); GLenum buffers[] = { GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1 }; glDrawBuffers(2, buffers); //bind to our render target //RM_DIFFUSE, RM_NORMAL are enums (0 && 1) renderTarget.Bind( RM_DIFFUSE, 1, true ); renderTarget.Bind( RM_NORMAL, 1, false); //false because buffer is already bound //i clear here just to clear the texture to make it a default value of white //by doing this i can see if what im rendering to my screen is just drawing to the screen //or if its my render target defaulted glClearColor( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ); glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT ); //i have this box object which i draw testBox.Draw(); //the draw call looks like this //my normal rendering works just fine so i know this draw is fine // glDrawElementsBaseVertex( m_sides[x].GetPrimitiveType(), // m_sides[x].GetPrimitiveCount() * 3, // GL_UNSIGNED_INT, // BUFFER_OFFSET(sizeof(unsigned int) * m_sides[x].GetStartIndex()), // m_sides[x].GetStartVertex( ) ); //we unbind the target back to default renderTarget.UnBind(); //i stop mapping my vertex format CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionNormalTexBuffer().UnMapVertexStride(); //i go back to default in using no shader program glUseProgram( 0 ); //now that everything is drawn to the textures //lets draw our screen surface and pass it our 2 filled out textures //NOW RENDER THE TEXTURES WE COLLECTED TO THE SCREEN QUAD //bind the shader program glUseProgram( testScreenShader.m_iShaderProgramHandle ); //1) grab the vertex buffer related to our rendering glBindBuffer( GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionTexBuffer().GetBufferHandle() ); //2) how our stream will be split here CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionTexBuffer().MapVertexStride(); //3) set the index buffer if needed glBindBuffer( GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, CIndexBuffer::GetInstance()->GetBufferHandle() ); //pass our 2 filled out textures (in the shader im just using the diffuse //i wanted to see if i was rendering anything before i started getting into other techniques testScreenShader.SetDiffuseMap( renderTarget.GetTextureHandle(0) ); //SetDiffuseMap definitions in shader program class testScreenShader.SetNormalMap( renderTarget.GetTextureHandle(1) ); //SetNormalMap definitions in shader program class //DO the draw call drawing our screen rectangle glDrawElementsBaseVertex( m_ScreenRect.GetPrimitiveType(), m_ScreenRect.GetPrimitiveCount() * 3, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, BUFFER_OFFSET(sizeof(unsigned int) * m_ScreenRect.GetStartIndex()), m_ScreenRect.GetStartVertex( ) );*/ //unbind our vertex mapping CVertexBufferManager::GetInstance()->GetPositionTexBuffer().UnMapVertexStride(); //default to no shader program glUseProgram( 0 ); } Last words: 1) I can render my box just fine 2) i can render my screen rect just fine 3) I cannot render my box into a texture then display it into my screen rect 4) This entire project is just a test project I made to test different rendering practices. So excuse any "ugly-ish" unclean code. This was made just on a fly run through when I was trying new test cases.

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  • To SYNC or not to SYNC – Part 3

    - by AshishRay
    I can't believe it has been almost a year since my last blog post. I know, that's an absolute no-no in the blogosphere. And I know that "I have been busy" is not a good excuse. So - without trying to come up with an excuse - let me state this - my apologies for taking such a long time to write the next Part. Without further ado, here goes. This is Part 3 of a multi-part blog article where we are discussing various aspects of setting up Data Guard synchronous redo transport (SYNC). In Part 1 of this article, I debunked the myth that Data Guard SYNC is similar to a two-phase commit operation. In Part 2, I discussed the various ways that network latency may or may not impact a Data Guard SYNC configuration. In this article, I will talk in details regarding why Data Guard SYNC is a good thing. I will also talk about distance implications for setting up such a configuration. So, Why Good? Why is Data Guard SYNC a good thing? Because, at the end of the day, this gives you the assurance of zero data loss - it doesn’t matter what outage may befall your primary system. Befall! Boy, that sounds theatrical. But seriously - think about this - it minimizes your data risks. That’s a big deal. Whether you have an outage due to bad disks, faulty hardware components, hardware / software bugs, physical data corruptions, power failures, lightning that takes out significant part of your data center, fire that melts your assets, water leakage from the cooling system, human errors such as accidental deletion of online redo log files - it doesn’t matter - you can have that “Om - peace” look on your face and then you can failover to the standby system, without losing a single bit of data in your Oracle database. You will be a hero, as shown in this not so imaginary conversation: IT Manager: Well, what’s the status? You: John is doing the trace analysis on the storage array. IT Manager: So? How long is that gonna take? You: Well, he is stuck, waiting for a response from <insert your not-so-favorite storage vendor here>. IT Manager: So, no root cause yet? You: I told you, he is stuck. We have escalated with their Support, but you know how long these things take. IT Manager: Darn it - the site is down! You: Not really … IT Manager: What do you mean? You: John is stuck, but Sreeni has already done a failover to the Data Guard standby. IT Manager: Whoa, whoa - wait! Failover means we lost some data, why did you do this without letting the Business group know? You: We didn’t lose any data. Remember, we had set up Data Guard with SYNC? So now, any problems on the production – we just failover. No data loss, and we are up and running in minutes. The Business guys don’t need to know. IT Manager: Wow! Are we great or what!! You: I guess … Ok, so you get it - SYNC is good. But as my dear friend Larry Carpenter says, “TANSTAAFL”, or "There ain't no such thing as a free lunch". Yes, of course - investing in Data Guard SYNC means that you have to invest in a low-latency network, you have to monitor your applications and database especially in peak load conditions, and you cannot under-provision your standby systems. But all these are good and necessary things, if you are supporting mission-critical apps that are supposed to be running 24x7. The peace of mind that this investment will give you is priceless, especially if you are serious about HA. How Far Can We Go? Someone may say at this point - well, I can’t use Data Guard SYNC over my coast-to-coast deployment. Most likely - true. So how far can you go? Well, we have customers who have deployed Data Guard SYNC over 300+ miles! Does this mean that you can also deploy over similar distances? Duh - no! I am going to say something here that most IT managers don’t like to hear - “It depends!” It depends on your application design, application response time / throughput requirements, network topology, etc. However, because of the optimal way we do SYNC, customers have been able to stretch Data Guard SYNC deployments over longer distances compared to traditional, storage-centric ways of doing this. The MAA Database 10.2 best practices paper Data Guard Redo Transport & Network Configuration, and Oracle Database 11.2 High Availability Best Practices Manual talk about some of these SYNC-related metrics. For example, a test deployment of Data Guard SYNC over 330 miles with 10ms latency showed an impact less than 5% for a busy OLTP application. Even if you can’t deploy Data Guard SYNC over your WAN distance, or if you already have an ASYNC standby located 1000-s of miles away, here’s another nifty way to boost your HA. Have a local standby, configured SYNC. How local is “local”? Again - it depends. One customer runs a local SYNC standby across the campus. Another customer runs it across 15 miles in another data center. Both of these customers are running Data Guard SYNC as their HA standard. If a localized outage affects their primary system, no problem! They have all the data available on the standby, to which they can failover. Very fast. In seconds. Wait - did I say “seconds”? Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus. But you have to wait till the next blog article to find out more. I assure you tho’ that this time you won’t have to wait for another year for this.

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  • .htaccess not working (mod_rewrite)

    - by Mike Curry
    Edit: I am pretty sure my .htaccess file is NOT being executed, and the problem is NOT with my rewrite rules. I have not having any luck getting my .htaccess with mod_rewrite working. Basically all I am trying to do is remove 'www' from "http://www.site.com" and "https://www.site.com". If there is anything I am missing (conf files, etc let me know I willl update this) I jsut can't see whats wrong here... I am using a 1&1 VPS III Virtual private server... anyone ever have this issue? I am using Ubuntu 8.04 Server LTS. Here is my .htaccess file (located @ /var/www/site/trunk/html/) Options +FollowSymLinks RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.*) [NC] RewriteRule (.*) //%1/$1 [L,R=301] My mod_rewrite is enabled: The auto regenerated sym link is there in mods-available and /usr/lib/apache2/modules/ contains mod_rewrite.so root@s15348441:/etc/apache2/mods-available# more rewrite.load LoadModule rewrite_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_rewrite.so root@s15348441:/var/log# apache2ctl -t -D DUMP_MODULES Loaded Modules: core_module (static) log_config_module (static) logio_module (static) mpm_prefork_module (static) http_module (static) so_module (static) alias_module (shared) auth_basic_module (shared) authn_file_module (shared) authz_default_module (shared) authz_groupfile_module (shared) authz_host_module (shared) authz_user_module (shared) autoindex_module (shared) cgi_module (shared) dir_module (shared) env_module (shared) mime_module (shared) negotiation_module (shared) php5_module (shared) rewrite_module (shared) setenvif_module (shared) ssl_module (shared) status_module (shared) Syntax OK My apache config files: apache2.conf # # Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool. # # This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about # the directives. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: # 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a # whole (the 'global environment'). # 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, # which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. # These directives also provide default values for the settings # of all virtual hosts. # 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to # different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the # same Apache server process. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "/var/log/apache2/foo.log" # with ServerRoot set to "" will be interpreted by the # server as "//var/log/apache2/foo.log". # ### Section 1: Global Environment # # The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, # such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it # can find its configuration files. # # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.1/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # #<IfModule !mpm_winnt.c> #<IfModule !mpm_netware.c> LockFile /var/lock/apache2/accept.lock #</IfModule> #</IfModule> # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 15 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all </Files> # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf # Include all the user configurations: Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf # Include ports listing Include /etc/apache2/ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # # ServerTokens # This directive configures what you return as the Server HTTP response # Header. The default is 'Full' which sends information about the OS-Type # and compiled in modules. # Set to one of: Full | OS | Minor | Minimal | Major | Prod # where Full conveys the most information, and Prod the least. # ServerTokens Full # # Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host # name to server-generated pages (internal error documents, FTP directory # listings, mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated # documents or custom error documents). # Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin. # Set to one of: On | Off | EMail # ServerSignature On # # Customizable error responses come in three flavors: # 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects # # Some examples: #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html #ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl" #ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html # # # Putting this all together, we can internationalize error responses. # # We use Alias to redirect any /error/HTTP_<error>.html.var response to # our collection of by-error message multi-language collections. We use # includes to substitute the appropriate text. # # You can modify the messages' appearance without changing any of the # default HTTP_<error>.html.var files by adding the line: # # Alias /error/include/ "/your/include/path/" # # which allows you to create your own set of files by starting with the # /usr/share/apache2/error/include/ files and copying them to /your/include/path/, # even on a per-VirtualHost basis. The default include files will display # your Apache version number and your ServerAdmin email address regardless # of the setting of ServerSignature. # # The internationalized error documents require mod_alias, mod_include # and mod_negotiation. To activate them, uncomment the following 30 lines. # Alias /error/ "/usr/share/apache2/error/" # # <Directory "/usr/share/apache2/error"> # AllowOverride None # Options IncludesNoExec # AddOutputFilter Includes html # AddHandler type-map var # Order allow,deny # Allow from all # LanguagePriority en cs de es fr it nl sv pt-br ro # ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback # </Directory> # # ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var # ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var # ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var # ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var # ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var # ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var # ErrorDocument 410 /error/HTTP_GONE.html.var # ErrorDocument 411 /error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var # ErrorDocument 412 /error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var # ErrorDocument 413 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 414 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 415 /error/HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE.html.var # ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var # ErrorDocument 501 /error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var # ErrorDocument 502 /error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var # ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var # ErrorDocument 506 /error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ My default config file for www on apache NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] #SSLEnable #SSLVerifyClient none #SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/ssl/crt/public.crt #SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/ssl/private/private.key DocumentRoot /var/www/site/trunk/html <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride all </Directory> <Directory /var/www/site/trunk/html> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride all Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined ServerSignature On Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> My ssl config file NameVirtualHost *:443 <VirtualHost *:443> ServerAdmin [email protected] #SSLEnable #SSLVerifyClient none #SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/ssl/crt/public.crt #SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/ssl/private/private.key DocumentRoot /var/www/site/trunk/html <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride all </Directory> <Directory /var/www/site/trunk/html> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride all Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn SSLEngine On SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/ssl/crt/public.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/ssl/private/private.key CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined ServerSignature On Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> My /etc/apache2/httpd.conf is blank The directory /etc/apache2/conf.d has nothing in it but one file (charset) contents of /etc/apache2/conf.dcharset # Read the documentation before enabling AddDefaultCharset. # In general, it is only a good idea if you know that all your files # have this encoding. It will override any encoding given in the files # in meta http-equiv or xml encoding tags. #AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 My apache error.log [Wed Jun 03 00:12:31 2009] [error] [client 216.168.43.234] client sent HTTP/1.1 request without hostname (see RFC2616 section 14.23): /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) [Wed Jun 03 05:03:51 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 05:03:54 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 05:13:48 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 05:13:51 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 05:13:54 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 05:13:57 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 05:17:28 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 05:26:23 2009] [notice] caught SIGWINCH, shutting down gracefully [Wed Jun 03 05:26:34 2009] [notice] Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.8 OpenSSL/0.9.8g configured -- resuming normal operations [Wed Jun 03 06:03:41 2009] [notice] caught SIGWINCH, shutting down gracefully [Wed Jun 03 06:03:51 2009] [notice] Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.8 OpenSSL/0.9.8g configured -- resuming normal operations [Wed Jun 03 06:25:07 2009] [notice] caught SIGWINCH, shutting down gracefully [Wed Jun 03 06:25:17 2009] [notice] Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.8 OpenSSL/0.9.8g configured -- resuming normal operations [Wed Jun 03 12:09:25 2009] [error] [client 61.139.105.163] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/fastenv [Wed Jun 03 15:04:42 2009] [notice] Graceful restart requested, doing restart [Wed Jun 03 15:04:43 2009] [notice] Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.8 OpenSSL/0.9.8g configured -- resuming normal operations [Wed Jun 03 15:29:51 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 15:29:54 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 15:30:32 2009] [error] [client 99.247.237.46] File does not exist: /var/www/site/trunk/html/favicon.ico [Wed Jun 03 15:45:54 2009] [notice] caught SIGWINCH, shutting down gracefully [Wed Jun 03 15:46:05 2009] [notice] Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.8 OpenSSL/0.9.8g configured -- resuming normal operations

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  • Every command fails with "command not found" after changing .bash_profile?

    - by Blankman
    I was updating my .bash_profile, and unfortunetly I made a few updates and now I am getting: env: bash: No such file or directory env: bash: No such file or directory env: bash: No such file or directory env: bash: No such file or directory env: bash: No such file or directory -bash: tar: command not found -bash: grep: command not found -bash: cat: command not found -bash: find: command not found -bash: dirname: command not found -bash: /preexec.sh.lib: No such file or directory -bash: preexec_install: command not found -bash: sed: command not found -bash: git: command not found My bash_profile actually pulls in other .sh files (sources them) so I am not exactly sure which modification may have caused this. Now if I even try and to a list of files, I get: >ls -bash: ls: command not found -bash: sed: command not found -bash: git: command not found Any tips on how to trace the source of the error, and how to be able to use the terminal for basic things like listing files etc?

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  • SQL03070: This statement is not recognized in this context

    - by prash
    Recently I have started working with VS2010 and Fx4. There have been various challenges. We also introduced a new Database Project in our solution. And found this error. The reason for this error is: the project system expects the stored procedure as a create statement only.  The additional statements to drop if existing are not necessary within the project system.  Project deployment takes care of detecting if the sproc already exists and if it needs to be updated. To resolve this error you can simply remove the additional statements other then your create SP, Function etc. OR Exclude the file from build. Right Click on your file in Solution Explorer, Click Properties > Build Action > Not in Build

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  • nvcc not found, but only when using sudo

    - by dsp_099
    I can't get ANYTHING working on linux. I'm trying to compile CudaMiner. sudo make: ypt-jane.o `test -f 'scrypt-jane.cpp' || echo './'`scrypt-jane.cpp mv -f .deps/cudaminer-scrypt-jane.Tpo .deps/cudaminer-scrypt-jane.Po nvcc -g -O2 -Xptxas "-abi=no -v" -arch=compute_10 --maxrregcount=64 --ptxas-options=-v -I./compat/jansson -o salsa_kernel.o -c salsa_kernel.cu /bin/bash: nvcc: command not found make[2]: *** [salsa_kernel.o] Error 127 make[2]: Leaving directory `/var/progs/CudaMiner' make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/var/progs/CudaMiner' make: *** [all] Error 2 So, kind of interesting: nvcc: nvcc fatal : No input files specified; use option --help for more information Whereas sudo nvcc: sudo: nvcc: command not found Huh?? I have identical exports listed in ~/.bashrc AND /etc/bash.bashrc. (Nvcc is located in: /usr/local/cuda-5.0/bin/nvcc) I also tried changing the current path, to no avail: $ sudo bash -c 'echo $PATH' /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin $ PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cuda-5.0/bin/nvcc $ sudo bash -c 'echo $PATH' /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin Thanks in advance!

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  • The entity type String is not part of the model for the current context error [migrated]

    - by Michael V
    I am getting the following error in my controller after the view submits the collection: The entity type String is not part of the model for the current context. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.InvalidOperationException: The entity type String is not part of the model for the current context. Source Error: Line 51: foreach (var survey in mysurveys) Line 52: { Line 53: db.Entry(survey).State = EntityState.Modified; Line 54: Line 55: // db.Entry(survey).State = EntityState.Modified; Here is the code ` [HttpPost] public ActionResult UpdateTest(FormCollection mysurveys) { System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("iam in test post" + mysurveys.Count); foreach (var survey in mysurveys) { db.Entry(survey).State = EntityState.Modified; } db.SaveChanges(); return View(mysurveys); } `Similar code with one record only (no foreach) works fine

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  • flash object not working on intranet anymore?

    - by JonH
    Not sure how or why this happened, its rather all of a sudden. I've got a flash object on a site with something to this effect: <OBJECT codeBase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,29,0" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" data="data:application/x-oleobject;base64,btt80m2uzxGWuERFU1QAAGdVZlUACQAAAR8AADwHAAAIAAIAAAAAAAgAAAAAAAgAAAAAAAgADgAAAFcAaQBuAGQAbwB3AAAACAAGAAAALQAxAAAACAAGAAAALQAxAAAACAAKAAAASABpAGcAaAAAAAgAAgAAAAAACAAGAAAALQAxAAAACAAAAAAACAACAAAAAAAIABAAAABTAGgAbwB3AEEAbABsAAAACAAEAAAAMAAAAAgABAAAADAAAAAIAAIAAAAAAAgAAAAAAAgAAgAAAAAADQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAAEAAAAMQAAAAgABAAAADAAAAAIAAAAAAAIAAQAAAAwAAAACAAIAAAAYQBsAGwAAAAIAAwAAABmAGEAbABzAGUAAAA=" width="300" align="top" height="70" VIEWASTEXT> <embed src="../flash/quikfix.swf" width="300" height="70" align="top" quality="high" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"> </embed> </OBJECT> That comes up completly fine in Chrome and FireFox but in IE8 it doesnt come up but shows the page as loading this file, and it just sits there trying to load it.. This is a production app for over 6 years and this just suddenly happened. If I right click this flash object it says "Movie Not Loaded" and underneath it the version Flash Player 10.2.152.32... Any ideas ?

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  • data source does not support server-side data paging uisng asp.net Csharp

    - by Aamir Hasan
    Yesterday some one mail me and ask about data source does not support server side data paging.So i write the the solution here please if you have got this problem read this article and see the example code this will help you a Lot.The only change you have to do is in the DataBind().Here you have used the SqlDataReader to read data retrieved from the database, but SqlDataReader is forward only. You can not traverse back and forth on it.So the solution for this is using DataAdapter and DataSet.So your function may change some what like this private void DataBind(){//for grid viewSqlCommand cmdO;string SQL = "select * from TABLE ";conn.Open();cmdO = new SqlCommand(SQL, conn);SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmdO);DataSet ds = new DataSet();da.Fill(ds);GridView1.Visible = true;GridView1.DataSource = ds;GridView1.DataBind();ds.Dispose();da.Dispose();conn.Close();} This surely works. The reset of your code is fine. Enjoy coding.

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  • When returning from a period of not programming, do you find you've improved?

    - by Jon Purdy
    It seems as though whenever I take an extended break from programming—whether to pursue other interests or simply because I fall out of the habit for a while—I invariably find that when I return to a project and set to coding, I come with an abundance of new ideas, novel approaches, and just plain better code. It may be because I have a lot of other creative interests besides programming, and my mind likes to find correlation and crossover between them, so while I'm doing one thing, in the back of my mind I'm usually also applying it to another. So what's your experience? Do you ever return from a break (whether intentional or not) feeling not only refreshed, but also somehow noticeably improved? Is it actually the norm?

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  • "Operation System not found" Dell XPS 15Z L511Z

    - by akikara
    Although title is the same problem is different. I've installed Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty on my HP EliteBook 6930p Notebook. And I was trying to create a bootable usb for my DELL XPS 15z. After successful creation of usb with usb-creator-gtk I plugged in bootable usb stick to DELL laptop. The error message was "Operation System not found". I tried several things but could not make it. When I check from working Ubuntu, I can see that usb is bootable and has files for installation.

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  • Brightness control not working in Lenovo G580

    - by shijo
    I purchased a new Lenovo g580 laptop. But I am totally disappointed when I installed Ubuntu on it. Almost all drivers are not working. :-( The laptop configuration is intel i3 processor Nvidia GeForce 610M graphics card. I couldn't find the nvidia drivers in the additional drivers (jockey). The main problem is that the brightness control not working. I tried lots of methods explained in this site, but the result again disappointed me. I am a student and I am using Linux, and the brightness control is the most urgent problem that have to be solved. So experts please give me a solution. thanks in advance

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  • SQL SERVER – What the Business Says Is Not What the Business Wants

    - by pinaldave
    This blog post is written in response to T-SQL Tuesday hosted by Steve Jones. Steve raised a very interesting question; every DBA and Database Developer has already faced this situation. When I read the topic, I felt that I can write several different examples here. Today, I will cover this scenario, which seems quite amusing. Shrinking Database Earlier this year, I was working on SQL Server Performance Tuning consultancy; I had faced very interesting situation. No matter how much I attempt to reduce the fragmentation, I always end up with heavy fragmentation on the server. After careful research, I figured out that one of the jobs was continuously Shrinking the Database – which is a very bad practice. I have blogged about my experience over here SQL SERVER – SHRINKDATABASE For Every Database in the SQL Server. I removed the incorrect shrinking process right away; once it was removed, everything continued working as it should be. After a couple of days, I learned that one of their DBAs had put back the same DBCC process. I requested the Senior DBA to find out what is going on and he came up with the following reason: “Business Requirement.” I cannot believe this! Now, it was time for me to go deep into the subject. Moreover, it had become necessary to understand the need. After talking to the concerned people here, I understood what they needed. Please read the exact business need in their own language. The Shrinking “Business Need” “We shrink the database because if we take backup after shrinking the database, the size of the same is smaller. Once we take backup, we have to send it to our remote location site. Our business requirement is that we need to always make sure that the file is smallest when we transfer it to remote server.” The backup is not affected in any way if you shrink the database or not. The size of backup will be the same. After a couple of the tests, they agreed with me. Shrinking will create performance issues for the same as it will introduce heavy fragmentation in the database. The Real Solution The real business need was that they needed the smallest possible backup file. We finally implemented a quick solution which they are still using to date. The solution was compressed backup. I have written about this subject in detail few years before SQL SERVER – 2008 – Introduction to New Feature of Backup Compression. Compressed backup not only creates a small filesize but also increases the speed of the database as well. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Best Practices, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology

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  • Selling Solutions, Not Products

    - by David Dorf
    When I think about next-generation retailers, the names that come to mind are Apple, Whole Foods, Lulu Lemon, and IKEA.  They may not be the biggest retailers, but they are certainly growing fast. Success is never defined by just one dimension, and these retailers execute well across many dimensions, but the one that stands out for me is customer experience.  These stores feel...approachable...part of the community...local.  Customers are not intimidated to ask questions, and staff seem to go out of their way to help. What's makes these retailers stand out in the industry?  These retailers aren't selling products -- they're selling solutions.  Think about that.  You think you're going to the Apple store to buy a phone, but you're actually buying a communications solution that handles much, much more.  If you carry an iPhone, your life has changed.  The way you do things is different.  The impacts go much beyond a simple phone. Solutions start with a problem, which is why these retailers greet customers with "what brought you in today," or "can I answer any questions for you?"  Good retailers establish a relationship, even if it lasts only a few minutes. You don't walk into Whole Foods looking for cans of soup.  You are looking for meals: healthy snacks, interesting lunches, exotic dinners.  Its a learning experience where you might discover solutions to problems you didn't know you had.  Mention what foods you like, and you'll get a list of similar items you had not considered.  I didn't know I needed a closet organizer until I visited an IKEA and learned about all the options.  They were able to customize the solution to meet my needs, and now I'm much more organized. One of the differences between selling products and selling solutions is training.  Visit any of these retailers' sites and you'll see a long list of in-store events for the benefit of customers.  You can buy exercise clothing from Lulu Lemon, and also learn new yoga techniques, meet like-minded people, and branch off to other fitness regimes via their ambassadors.  You can visit the Geek Bar at Apple, eat lunch at IKEA, and learn to cook at Whole Foods. These retailers are making an investment in a relationship with their customers.  They are showing loyalty to their customers before asking for it back.  In the long-run, this strategic approach will outlive any scan-and-bag mentality.

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