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  • Guru of the Week 2 no match for the operator==

    - by Adam
    From Guru of the Week 2. We have the function: string FindAddr(const list<Employee> l, string name) { for( list<Employee>::const_iterator i = l.begin(); i != l.end(); i++) { if( *i == name ) // here will be compilation error { return (*i).addr; } } return ""; } I added dummy Employee class to that: class Employee { string n; public: string addr; Employee(string name) : n(name) {} Employee() {} string name() const { return n; } operator string() { return n; } }; And got compilation error: error: no match for ‘operator==’ in ‘i.std::_List_iterator<_Tp>::operator* [with _Tp = Employee]() == name’ It works only if add operator== to Employee. But, Herb Sutter wrote that: The Employee class isn't shown, but for this to work it must either have a conversion to string or a conversion ctor taking a string. But Employee has a conversion function and conversion constructor as well. GCC version 4.4.3. Compiled normally, g++ file.cpp without any flags. There should be implicit conversion and it should work, why it doesn't?

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  • operator << : std::cout << i << (i << 1);

    - by Oops
    Hi, I use the stream operator << and the bit shifting operator << in one line. I am a bit confused, why does code A) not produce the same output than code B)? A) int i = 4; std::cout << i << " " << (i << 1) << std::endl; //4 8 B) myint m = 4; std::cout << m << " " << (m << 1) << std::endl; //8 8 class myint: class myint { int i; public: myint(int ii) { i = ii; } inline myint operator <<(int n){ i = i << n; return *this; } inline operator int(){ return i; } }; thanks in advance Oops

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  • Custom types as key for a map - C++

    - by Appu
    I am trying to assign a custom type as a key for std::map. Here is the type which I am using as key. struct Foo { Foo(std::string s) : foo_value(s){} bool operator<(const Foo& foo1) { return foo_value < foo1.foo_value; } bool operator>(const Foo& foo1) { return foo_value > foo1.foo_value; } std::string foo_value; }; When used with std::map, I am getting the following error. error C2678: binary '<' : no operator found which takes a left-hand operand of type 'const Foo' (or there is no acceptable conversion) c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 8\vc\include\functional 143 If I change the struct like the below, everything worked. struct Foo { Foo(std::string s) : foo_value(s) {} friend bool operator<(const Foo& foo,const Foo& foo1) { return foo.foo_value < foo1.foo_value; } friend bool operator>(const Foo& foo,const Foo& foo1) { return foo.foo_value > foo1.foo_value; } std::string foo_value; }; Nothing changed except making the operator overloads as friend. I am wondering why my first code is not working? Any thoughts?

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  • Verification GetHashCode and Equals

    - by nettguy
    Does the following code show the correct implementation of overriding GetHashCode ? public class Person { public string fName{get;set;} public string lName { get; set; } public int age { get; set; } public override bool Equals(object obj) { Person p = obj as Person; if (p == null) return false; return ( p.GetType()==this.GetType() && p.fName==this.fName &&p.lName==this.lName && p.age==this.age ); } //I took the below code from Marc Gravell's post,I am not sure whether i have implemented it properly public override int GetHashCode() { unchecked { int hash = 13; hash = (hash * 7) + fName.GetHashCode(); hash = (hash * 7) + lName.GetHashCode(); hash = (hash * 7) + age.GetHashCode(); return hash; } } }

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  • defining < operator for map of list iterators

    - by Adrian
    I'd like to use iterators from an STL list as keys in a map. For example: using namespace std; list<int> l; map<list<int>::const_iterator, int> t; int main(int argv, char * argc) { l.push_back(1); t[l.begin()] = 5; } However, list iterators do not have a comparison operator defined (in contrast to random access iterators), so compiling the above code results in an error: /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/bits/stl_function.h:227: error: no match for ‘operator<’ in ‘__x < __y’ If the list is changed to a vector, a map of vector const_iterators compiles fine. What is the appropriate way to define the operator < for list::const_iterator?

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  • Allow member to be const while still supporting operator= on the class

    - by LeopardSkinPillBoxHat
    I have several members in my class which are const and can therefore only be initialised via the initialiser list like so: class MyItemT { public: MyItemT(const MyPacketT& aMyPacket, const MyInfoT& aMyInfo) : mMyPacket(aMyPacket), mMyInfo(aMyInfo) { } private: const MyPacketT mMyPacket; const MyInfoT mMyInfo; }; My class can be used in some of our internally defined container classes (e.g. vectors), and these containers require that operator= is defined in the class. Of course, my operator= needs to do something like this: MyItemT& MyItemT::operator=(const MyItemT& other) { mMyPacket = other.mPacket; mMyInfo = other.mMyInfo; return *this; } which of course doesn't work because mMyPacket and mMyInfo are const members. Other than making these members non-const (which I don't want to do), any ideas about how I could fix this?

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  • Concatenation Operator

    - by Chaitanya
    This might be a silly question but it struck me, and here i ask. <?php $x="Hi"; $y=" There"; $z = $x.$y; $a = "$x$y"; echo "$z"."<br />"."$a"; ?> $z uses the traditional concatenation operator provided by php and concatenates, conversely $a doesn't, My questions: by not using the concatenation operator, does it effect the performance? If it doesn't why at all have the concatenation operator. Why have 2 modes of implementation when one does the work?

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  • Concatenation Operator - PHP

    - by Chaitanya
    This might be a silly question but it struck me, and here i ask. <?php $x="Hi"; $y=" There"; $z = $x.$y; $a = "$x$y"; echo "$z"."<br />"."$a"; ?> $z uses the traditional concatenation operator provided by php and concatenates, conversely $a doesn't, My questions: a. by not using the concatenation operator, does it effect the performance? b. If it doesn't why at all have the concatenation operator. c. Why have 2 modes of implementation when one does the work?

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  • Understanding pattern matching with cons operator

    - by Mathias
    In "Programming F#" I came across a pattern-matching like this one (I simplified a bit): let rec len list = match list with | [] -> 0 | [_] -> 1 | head :: tail -> 1 + len tail;; Practically, I understand that the last match recognizes the head and tail of the list. Conceptually, I don't get why it works. As far as I understand, :: is the cons operator, which appends a value in head position of a list, but it doesn't look to me like it is being used as an operator here. Should I understand this as a "special syntax" for lists, where :: is interpreted as an operator or a "match pattern" depending on context? Or can the same idea be extended for types other than lists, with other operators?

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  • Should I make OR operator to return const reference or just reference

    - by Yan Cheng CHEOK
    class error_code { public: error_code() : hi(0), lo(0) {} error_code(__int64 lo) : hi(0), lo(lo) {} error_code(__int64 hi, __int64 lo) : hi(hi), lo(lo) {} error_code& operator|=(const error_code &e) { this->hi |= e.hi; this->lo |= e.lo; return *this; } __int64 hi; __int64 lo; }; error_code operator|(const error_code& e0, const error_code& e1) { return error_code(e0.hi | e1.hi, e0.lo | e1.lo); } int main() { error_code e0(1); error_code e1(2); e0 |= e1; } I was wondering, whether I should make operator|= to return a const error_code& or error_code& ?

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  • Does dynamic_cast work inside overloaded operator delete ?

    - by iammilind
    I came across this: struct Base { void* operator new (size_t); void operator delete (void*); virtual ~Base () {} // <--- polymorphic }; struct Derived : Base {}; void Base::operator delete (void *p) { Base *pB = static_cast<Base*>(p); if(dynamic_cast<Derived*>(pB) != 0) { /* ... NOT reaching here ? ... */ } free(p); } Now if we do, Base *p = new Derived; delete p; Surprisingly, the condition inside the Base::delete is not satisfied Am I doing anything wrong ? Or casting from void* looses the information of Derived* ?

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  • (C++) What's the difference between these overloaded operator functions?

    - by cv3000
    What is the difference between these two ways of overloading the != operator below. Which is consider better? Class Test { ...// private: int iTest public: BOOL operator==(const &Test test) const; BOOL operator!=(const &Test test) const; } BOOL operator==(const &Test test) const { return (iTest == test.iTest); } //overload function 1 BOOL Test::operator!=(const &Test test) const { return !operator==(test); } //overload function 2 BOOL Test::operator!=(const &Test test) const { return (iTest != test.iTest); } I've just recently seen function 1's syntax for calling a sibling operator function and wonder if writing it that way provides any benefits.

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  • Why can't we have an immutable version of operator[] for map

    - by Yan Cheng CHEOK
    The following code works fine : std::map<int, int>& m = std::map<int, int>(); int i = m[0]; But not the following code : // error C2678: binary '[' : no operator... const std::map<int, int>& m = std::map<int, int>(); int i = m[0]; Most of the time, I prefer to make most of my stuff to become immutable, due to reason : http://www.javapractices.com/topic/TopicAction.do?Id=29 I look at map source code. It has mapped_type& operator[](const key_type& _Keyval) Is there any reason, why std::map unable to provide const mapped_type& operator[](const key_type& _Keyval) const

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  • Is the "==" operator required to be defined to use std::find

    - by user144182
    Let's say I have: class myClass std::list<myClass> myList where myClass does not define the == operator and only consists of public fields. In both VS2010 and VS2005 the following does not compile: myClass myClassVal = myList.front(); std::find( myList.begin(), myList.end(), myClassVal ) complaining about lack of == operator. I naively assumed it would do a value comparison of the myClass object's public members, but I am almost positive this is not correct. I assume if I define a == operator or perhaps use a functor instead, it will solve the problem. Alternatively, if my list was holding pointers instead of values, the comparison would work. Is this right or should I be doing something else?

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  • Why doesn't list.get(0).equals(null) work?

    - by Jessy
    The first index is set to null (empty), but it doesn't print the right output, why? //set the first index as null and the rest as "High" String a []= {null,"High","High","High","High","High"}; //add array to arraylist ArrayList<Object> choice = new ArrayList<Object>(Arrays.asList(a)); for(int i=0; i<choice.size(); i++){ if(i==0){ if(choice.get(0).equals(null)) System.out.println("I am empty"); //it doesn't print this output } }

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  • Entity Framework with SQL Server 2000 (APPLY Operator) issue

    - by How Lun
    Hello, I have a simple Linq query below: var seq = (from n in GetObjects() select n.SomeKey) .Distinct() .Count(); This query works find with SQL Server 2005 and above. But, this start to give headache when I hooked the EF to SQL Server 2000. Because EF is using APPLY operator which only SQL Server 2005 and above can be supported. I do not know why the hell EF is using APPLy operator instead of sub queries. My current work around is: var seq = (from n in GetObjects() select n.SomeKey) .Distinct() .ToList() .Count(); But, I can forsee more problems to come. The above query is just a simple one. Did anyone come across such issue? And how you guys work around it? Or is there a way to force EF not to use APPLY operator? Any help will be very much appreciated. How Lun.

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  • When is #include <new> library required in C++?

    - by Czarak
    Hi, According to this reference entry for operator new ( http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/std/new/operator%20new/ ) : Global dynamic storage operator functions are special in the standard library: All three versions of operator new are declared in the global namespace, not in the std namespace. The first and second versions are implicitly declared in every translation unit of a C++ program: The header does not need to be included for them to be present. This seems to me to imply that the third version of operator new (placement new) is not implicitly declared in every translation unit of a C++ program and the header <new> does need to be included for it to be present. Is that correct? If so, how is it that using both g++ and MS VC++ Express compilers it seems I can compile code using the third version of new without #include <new> in my source code? Also, the MSDN Standard C++ Library reference entry on operator new gives some example code for the three forms of operator new which contains the #include <new> statement, however the example seems to compile and run just the same for me without this include? // new_op_new.cpp // compile with: /EHsc #include<new> #include<iostream> using namespace std; class MyClass { public: MyClass( ) { cout << "Construction MyClass." << this << endl; }; ~MyClass( ) { imember = 0; cout << "Destructing MyClass." << this << endl; }; int imember; }; int main( ) { // The first form of new delete MyClass* fPtr = new MyClass; delete fPtr; // The second form of new delete char x[sizeof( MyClass )]; MyClass* fPtr2 = new( &x[0] ) MyClass; fPtr2 -> ~MyClass(); cout << "The address of x[0] is : " << ( void* )&x[0] << endl; // The third form of new delete MyClass* fPtr3 = new( nothrow ) MyClass; delete fPtr3; } Could anyone shed some light on this and when and why you might need to #include <new> - maybe some example code that will not compile without #include <new> ? Thanks.

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  • C++ addition overload ambiguity

    - by Nate
    I am coming up against a vexing conundrum in my code base. I can't quite tell why my code generates this error, but (for example) std::string does not. class String { public: String(const char*str); friend String operator+ ( const String& lval, const char *rval ); friend String operator+ ( const char *lval, const String& rval ); String operator+ ( const String& rval ); }; The implementation of these is easy enough to imagine on your own. My driver program contains the following: String result, lval("left side "), rval("of string"); char lv[] = "right side ", rv[] = "of string"; result = lv + rval; printf(result); result = (lval + rv); printf(result); Which generates the following error in gcc 4.1.2: driver.cpp:25: error: ISO C++ says that these are ambiguous, even though the worst conversion for the first is better than the worst conversion for the second: String.h:22: note: candidate 1: String operator+(const String&, const char*) String.h:24: note: candidate 2: String String::operator+(const String&) So far so good, right? Sadly, my String(const char *str) constructor is so handy to have as an implicit constructor, that using the explicit keyword to solve this would just cause a different pile of problems. Moreover... std::string doesn't have to resort to this, and I can't figure out why. For example, in basic_string.h, they are declared as follows: template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc> basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc> operator+(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __lhs, const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __rhs) template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc> basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Alloc> operator+(const _CharT* __lhs, const basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Alloc>& __rhs); and so on. The basic_string constructor is not declared explicit. How does this not cause the same error I'm getting, and how can I achieve the same behavior??

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  • why there is no power operator in java / c ++?

    - by RanZilber
    While there is such operator - ** in Python , i was wondering why java and c++ havent got one too. It is easy to make one for classes you define in C++ with operator overloading ( and i believe such thing is possible also in java) , but when talking about primitive types such as int, double and so on , you'll have to use library function like Math.power (and usaully have to cast both to double). So - why not define such operator for primitive types ?

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  • Swig C++ Lua Pass class by reference

    - by Jeremy
    I don't know why I'm having a hard time with this. All I want to do is this: class foo { public: foo(){} ~foo(){} float a,b; }; class foo2 { public: foo2(){} foo2(const foo &f){*this = f;} ~foo2(){} void operator=(const foo& f){ x = f.a; y = f.b; } float x,y; }; /* Usage(cpp): foo f; foo2 f2(f); //or using the = operator f2 = f; */ The problem I'm having is that, after swigging this code, I can't figure out how to make the lua script play nice. /* Usage(lua) f = example.foo() f2 = example.foo2(f) --error */ The error I get is "Wrong arguments for overloaded function 'new_Foo2'": Possible c/c++ prototypes are: foo2() foo2(foo const &) The same thing happens if I try and use do f2 = f. As I understand it everything is stored as a pointer so I did try adding an additional constructor that took a pointer to foo but to no avail.

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  • Java: How to workaround the lack of Equatable interface?

    - by java.is.for.desktop
    Hello, everyone! As far as I know, things such as SortedMap or SortedSet, use compareTo (rather than equals) on Comparable<?> types for checking equality (contains, containsKey). But what if certain types are equatable by concept, but not comparable? I have to declare a Comparator<?> and override the method int compareTo(T o1, To2). OK, I can return 0 for instances which are considered equal. But, for unqeual instances, what do I return when an order is not evident? Is the approach of using SortedMap or SortedSet on equatable but (by concept) not comparable types good anyway? Thank you! EDIT: I don't want to store things sorted, but would I use "usual" Map and Set, I couldn't "override" the equality-behavior. EDIT 2: Why I can't just override equals(...): I need to alter the equality-behavior of a foreign class. Can't edit it. EDIT 3: Just think of .NET: They have IEquatable interface which cat alter the equality-behavior without touching the comparable behavior.

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  • Can't seem to get .Union to work (merging 2 array's together, exclude duplicates)

    - by D. Veloper
    I want to combine two array's, excluding duplicates. I am using a custom class: public class ArcContact : IEquatable<ArcContact> { public String Text; public Boolean Equals(ArcContact other) { if (Object.ReferenceEquals(other, null)) return false; if (Object.ReferenceEquals(this, other)) return true; return Text.Equals(other.Text); } public override Int32 GetHashCode() { return Text == null ? 0 : Text.GetHashCode(); } } I implemented and the needed IEquatable interface as mentioned in this msdn section. I only want to check the Text property of the ArcContact class and make sure an Array of ArcContact have an unique Text. Here I pasted the code that I use, as you can see I have method with two parameters, array's to combine and below that the code I got from the previous mentioned msdn section. internal static class ArcBizz { internal static ArcContact[] MergeDuplicateContacts(ArcContact[] contacts1, ArcContact[] contacts2) { return (ArcContact[])contacts1.Union(contacts2); } internal static IEnumerable<T> Union<T>(this IEnumerable<T> a, IEnumerable<T> b); } What am I doing wrong?

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  • java: retrieving the "canonical value" from a Set<T> where T has a custom equals()

    - by Jason S
    I have a class Foo which overrides equals() and hashCode() properly. I would like to also would like to use a HashSet<Foo> to keep track of "canonical values" e.g. I have a class that I would like to write like this, so that if I have two separate objects that are equivalent I can coalesce them into references to the same object: class Canonicalizer<T> { final private Set<T> values = new HashSet<T>(); public T findCanonicalValue(T value) { T canonical = this.values.get(value); if (canonical == null) { // not in the set, so put it there for the future this.values.add(value); return value; } else { return canonical; } } } except that Set doesn't have a "get" method that would return the actual value stored in the set, just the "contains" method that returns true or false. (I guess that it assumes that if you have an object that is equal to a separate object in the set, you don't need to retrieve the one in the set) Is there a convenient way to do this? The only other thing I can think of is to use a map and a list: class Canonicalizer<T> { // warning: neglects concurrency issues final private Map<T, Integer> valueIndex = new HashMap<T, Integer>(); final private List<T> values = new ArrayList<T>(); public T findCanonicalValue(T value) { Integer i = this.valueIndex.get(value); if (i == null) { // not in the set, so put it there for the future i = this.values.size(); this.values.add(value); this.valueIndex.put(value, i); return value; } else { // in the set return this.values.get(i); } } }

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  • Find numbers that equals a sum in an array

    - by valli-R
    I want to find the first set of integers in an array X that the sum equals a given number N. For example: X = {5, 13, 24, 9, 3, 3} N = 28 Solution = {13, 9, 3, 3} Here what I have so far : WARNING, I know it uses global and it is bad,that's not the point of the question. <?php function s($index = 0, $total = 0, $solution = '') { global $numbers; global $sum; echo $index; if($total == 28) { echo '<br/>'.$solution.' = '.$sum.'<br/>'; } elseif($index < count($numbers) && $total != 28) { s($index + 1, $total, $solution); s($index + 1, $total + $numbers[$index], $solution.' '.$numbers[$index]); } } $numbers = array(5, 13, 24, 9, 3, 3); $sum = 28; s(); ?> I don't get how I can stop the process when it finds the solution.. I know I am not far from good solution.. Thanks in advance

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