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• cron not even sending local mail to /var/mail/

  - by Yang

  I'm using a very plain Ubuntu Server 9.04, and cron isn't delivering any mail to my /var/mail/USER (the file hasn't even been created). Here's my full crontab: # m h dom mon dow command 15 * * * * $HOME/.cron/sync-bookmarks.bash If I add # m h dom mon dow command 15 * * * * $HOME/.cron/sync-bookmarks.bash >& /tmp/log then I see the stdout and stderr in /tmp/log. I'm not (yet) interested in actual remote email delivery, just local delivery to the mail spool file. Why isn't mail working? Thanks in advance for any tips.

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• Opscode Chef nginx compile from source issue reports successful run but does nothing

  - by v_abhi_v

  I am trying to install nginx from source in Opscode Chef and its bit weird, it runs complaining nothing but does not install it either. This is how my role attributes look like looks like "nginx":{ "default_site_enabled":false, "version":"1.2.6", "init_style":"init", "install_method":"source", "configure_flags":[ "--without-http_access_module", "--without-http_auth_basic_module", "--without-http_autoindex_module", "--without-http_browser_module", "--without-http_charset_module", "--without-http_fastcgi_module", "--without-http_memcached_module", "--without-http_referer_module", "--without-http_scgi_module", "--without-http_split_clients_module" ], "log_dir":"/var/log/nginx", "binary":"/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx", "source":{ "prefix":"/opt/nginx/dist", "modules":["http_ssl_module", "http_gzip_static_module" ] } }, The chef log shows: [2012-12-19T02:37:44+00:00] INFO: Processing bash[compile_nginx_source] action run (nginx::source line 82) [2012-12-19T02:37:45+00:00] INFO: bash[compile_nginx_source] ran successfully I am clueless on what's going on :(

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• Ctrl-C not killing process in CMD.EXE

  - by jtl999

  I've had this issue for a while even after reinstalling. Issue happens after I reinstall all my programs and not in a fresh Windows install (obviously). Might have to spin up a VM and install each program 1 by 1. I suspect it's Git for Windows with it's mini Cygwin wrapper causing this issue. Anyway the issue is basically pressing Ctrl-C does not kill the running process. However when I run cmd.exe or Git Bash or administrator Ctrl-C works great again. Disabling UAC seems to break it again. I've made a video of the issue here. Many thanks.

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• How do I install a cygwin package from the command line?

  - by Zubair

  I can install a cygwin package when I first install cygwin, but is there something like: cyginstall git kind of like apt-get?

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• Linux: Schedule command to run once after reboot (RunOnce equivalent)

  - by Christopher Parker

  I'd like to schedule a command to run after reboot on a Linux box. I know how to do this so the command consistently runs after every reboot with a @reboot crontab entry, however I only want the command to run once. After it runs, it should be removed from the queue of commands to run. I'm essentially looking for a Linux equivalent to RunOnce in the Windows world. In case it matters: $ uname -a Linux devbox 2.6.27.19-5-default #1 SMP 2009-02-28 04:40:21 +0100 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux $ bash --version GNU bash, version 3.2.48(1)-release (x86_64-suse-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. $ cat /etc/SuSE-release SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64) VERSION = 11 PATCHLEVEL = 0 Is there an easy, scriptable way to do this?

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• chroot'ing SSH home directories, shell problem.

  - by Hamza

  Hi folks, I am trying to chroot my SSH users to their home directories and it seems to work.. in a strange way. Here is what I have in my sshd_config: Match group restricthome ChrootDirectory %h The permissions on the user directories looks like this: drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 May 11 13:45 [user]/ And I can see that the user logs in successfully: May 11 13:49:23 box sshd[5695]: Accepted password for [user] from x.x.x.x port 2358 ssh2 (with no error messages after this) But after entering the password the PuTTY window closes down. This is a wild guess, but could it be because the user's shell is set to /bin/bash and it can't execute because of the chroot? If so, could you give me pointers on how to fix it? Would simply copying the bash binary into user's home directory and modyfying the shell work? How would I deal with the dependencies, ldd shows quite a few of those :) Comments/suggestions will be appreciated. Thanks.

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• Gnu screen, how to update dynamically the title of a window?

  - by Fabio

  I googled a lot, but I can't find the answer I'm looking for... I'm trying to improve the aspect of GNU Screen using the screenrc file, I tuned colors, status line, caption and the list of the loaded windows. The only thing I'm not able to achieve is getting the caption with the current executed command as in this picture, note the vim caption in the right pane. What I currently have is this, and what I would like to obtain is having captions (and if possible also hardstatus line) with |0 less| 1 man instead of the current |0 bash| 1 bash. How to do this? Thanks in advance.

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• how to install mpgtx from source code

  - by Ahmet vardar

  i am new on linux server. i have mpgtx folder in my root, how can i install it ? in readme file it is written; ./configure && make when i type this i get permission denied error ? thanks EDIT: Here the steps i done root@server [/]# cd /mpgtx root@server [/mpgtx]# ./configure -bash: ./configure: Permission denied root@server [/mpgtx]# make ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hello ! I'm afraid I'm a dummy Makefile. My goal in life is to politely ask you to run the configure script to actual- ly generate a real Makefile. Would you be kind enough to type "./configure --help" to see the options that will suit your needs ? Please note that typing "./configure" without option will generate a Makefile that will suit most people needs. I wish you a good day. Please don't drive to fast. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- root@server [/mpgtx]# ./configure -bash: ./configure: Permission denied root@server [/mpgtx]#

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• How to install software packages on a shared Red Hat Linux host account without root access or rpm?

  - by jeff

  I have a shared RHEL 4 host account where I do not have root privileges. I would like to install Git and Bash Complete in a way that they can be upgraded easily. To date, I've just been installing from source providing $HOME as a prefix to autoconf. Obviously this isn't ideal as I need to hunt down the files associated with the version I'm upgrading away from and delete them. I've tried using rpm but I just get -bash: rpm: command not found back so it's not available. I also looked into checkinstall but it looks like that requires rpm, dpkg, or Slackware's package manager to be available. Is there anything out there that can be used like a package manager without requiring root access or an existing package manager?

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• sending notification mail to users for password expiry on linux server

  - by pavan

  how to write a script in linux BASH shell for sending mails to users for warning about the password expiry before 2 weeks.

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• Strange strace and setuid behaviour: permission denied under strace, but not running normally.

  - by Autopulated

  This is related to this question. I have a script (fix-permissions.sh) that fixes some file permissions: #! /bin/bash sudo chown -R person:group /path/ sudo chmod -R g+rw /path/ And a small c program to run this, which is setuided: #include "sys/types.h" #include "unistd.h" int main(){ setuid(geteuid()); return system("/path/fix-permissions.sh"); } Directory: -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 7228 Feb 19 17:33 fix-permissions -rwx--x--x 1 root root 112 Feb 19 13:38 fix-permissions.sh If I do this, everything seems fine, and the permissions do get correctly fixed: james $ sudo su someone-else someone-else $ ./fix-permissions but if I use strace, I get: someone-else $ strace ./fix-permissions /bin/bash: /path/fix-permissions.sh: Permission denied It's interesting to note that I get the same permission denied error with an identical setup (permissions, c program), but a different script, even when not using strace. Is this some kind of heureustic magic behaviour in setuid that I'm uncovering? How should I figure out what's going on? System is Ubuntu 10.04.2 LTS, Linux 2.6.32.26-kvm-i386-20101122 #1 SMP

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• Allow user to execute a shell script without seeing its contents?

  - by Autopulated

  I'd like to have an hg hook that sends email using a gmail account. Obviously I don't want anyone to be able read the email-sending script except me or root, since it has a password in, so here's what I've tried: -rwsr-xr-x 1 james james 58 Feb 18 12:05 incoming.email.sh -rwx--x--x 1 james james 262 Feb 18 12:04 send-incoming-email.sh where incoming.email.sh is the file executed as the hook: #! /bin/bash /path/to/send-incoming-email.sh However, when I try to run as another user I get the error: /bin/bash: /path/to/send-incoming-email.sh: Permission denied The send-incoming-email.sh file works fine when I run as myself. Is what I'm trying to do possible, or will setuid not propagate to commands executed from a shell script? System is Ubuntu 10.04.2 LTS.

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• Why are all Linux commands broken after installing Perl?

  - by user115079

  I installed perl using following command: curl -L http://xrl.us/installperlnix | bash after that i run following command to create soft link ln -sf /usr/local/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl now I'm trying to run commands like dir, mkdir, ll, rm, vi but nothing seems to be working for me. also when i try to login into my shell i get following msg at startup: Last login: Wed Apr 4 21:50:12 2012 from x.y.z.ip -bash: perl: command not found please help. Here is system detail: cat /proc/version Linux version 2.6.18-274.18.1.el5.028stab098.1 (root@rhel5-build-x64) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)) #1 SMP Sat Feb 11 15:30:41 MSK 2012 cat /etc/issue CentOS 5.7 32 bit Kernel \r on an \m Don't know if perl was already installed or not. and now i can't check.

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• Suppress EXT3-fs warning on mount

  - by STM

  I am familiar with output suppress on Unix machines, ie: cat /file/that/doesnt/exist > /dev/null 2>& However I can't seem to suppress the output of mount when an ext3 filesystem is mounted for the nth time, and it recommends an fsck. As it happens, fscks are run regularly by another machine, so these warning messages are needlessly interrupting the flow of output to my pretty bash script. These are the errors: # mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt > /dev/null 2>& kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds EXT3-fs warning: maximal mount count reached, running e2fsck is recommended EXT3 FS 2.4-0.9.19, 19 August 2002 on sd(8,1), internal journal EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Can anyone shed some light on this? I'm clearly blocking both fd's, but somehow output is still getting through. This is GNU Bash v2.05a

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• How to setup etckeeper with Mercurial in Ubuntu?

  - by DeletedAccount

  Hi, I'm interested in installing etckeeper with Mercurial in my Ubuntu system. My reason is that I don't know how to use Git and don't want to learn at the moment. If I check the package description it sounds promising: kent@rat:~$ apt-cache search etckeeper etckeeper - store /etc in git, mercurial, or bzr I'm wondering how to continue on from here? I've tried Googling but I haven't found anything for the Ubuntu + etckeeper + Mercurial combination. (If you know of a good tutorial for this situation, a link is an excellent answer. No need to re-iterate.)

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• Configure Supervisor to manage init.d services

  - by Eduard Luca

  I installed uwsgi and created a bash script, which allows me to start/stop uwsgi in the following manner: service uwsgi [start|stop]. This bash script is located in /etc/init.d/uwsgi. Now, I want to (politely) ask Supervisor to use that script to manage the uwsgi process. All the tutorials indicate that this is not the way to do it, however I do want to be able to do both service uwsgi stop and supervisorctl stop uwsgi (not sure if I nailed the syntax of the latter) -- even though I am aware that the first one will not in fact stop my service because supervisor will restart it (that's exactly what I need). Note that I'm using uwsgi in emperor mode if that matters in any way.

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• for ps aux what are Ss Sl Ssl proccess types UNIX

  - by JiminyCricket

  when doing a "ps aux" command I get some process listed as Ss, Ssl and Sl what do these mean? root 24653 0.0 0.0 2256 8 ? Ss Apr12 0:00 /bin/bash -c /usr/bin/python /var/python/report_watchman.py root 24654 0.0 0.0 74412 88 ? Sl Apr12 0:01 /usr/bin/python /var/python/report_watchman.py root 21976 0.0 0.0 2256 8 ? Ss Apr14 0:00 /bin/bash -c /usr/bin/python /var/python/report_watchman.py root 21977 0.0 0.0 73628 88 ? Sl Apr14 0:01 /usr/bin/python /var/python/report_watchman.py

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• I am not seeing named session in gnu screen

  - by dorelal

  I am tying to learn gnu screen. I am using mac(snow leopard). I am running 4.00.03 version of screen. I am starting a new screen with following command screen -S foo However after that if I do ctrl + A + " then I see the list of screens. However all the lists have numbers and then bash. Because all it says is 'bash' I can't figure out which screen has what. Am I missing something?

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• Directory Not Found Error

  - by noobguy

  I am trying to verify tails and when I get to the command prompt portion of the verification some difficulties seem to have arose. Below is the script: noob@noob-System-Product-Name:~$ cd [/media/noob/UUI] bash: cd: [/media/noob/UUI]: No such file or directory noob@noob-System-Product-Name:~$ gpg --keyid-format long --import tails-signing.key gpg: can't open `tails-signing.key': No such file or directory gpg: Total number processed: 0 Same thing happens when I try from download directory; noob@noob-System-Product-Name:~$ cd [/home/noob/Downloads] bash: cd: [/home/noob/Downloads]: No such file or directory noob@noob-System-Product-Name:~$ gpg --keyid-format long --import tails-signing.key gpg: can't open `tails-signing.key': No such file or directory gpg: Total number processed: 0 Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

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• Nagios shell script cannot be executed

  - by MeinAccount

  I'm trying to monitor GitLab with nagios. I've created the following command definition and shell script but when checking the service I'm receiving the following e-mail. How can I solve this? The file is executable. [...] nagios : 3 incorrect password attempts ; TTY=unknown ; PWD=/ ; USER=git ; COMMAND=/bin/bash -c /var/lib/nagios/custom_plugins/check_gitlab.sh Command definition: define command { command_name custom_check_gitlab command_line /var/lib/nagios/custom_plugins/check_gitlab.sh } Shell script: #! /bin/sh # [...] RAILS_ENV="production" # Script variable names should be lower-case not to conflict with internal /bin/sh variables such as PATH, EDITOR or SHELL. app_root="/home/git/gitlab" app_user="git" unicorn_conf="$app_root/config/unicorn.rb" pid_path="$app_root/tmp/pids" socket_path="$app_root/tmp/sockets" web_server_pid_path="$pid_path/unicorn.pid" sidekiq_pid_path="$pid_path/sidekiq.pid" ### Here ends user configuration ### # Switch to the app_user if it is not he/she who is running the script. if [ "$USER" != "$app_user" ]; then sudo -u "$app_user" -H -i $0 "$@"; exit; fi # Switch to the gitlab path, if it fails exit with an error. if ! cd "$app_root" ; then echo "Failed to cd into $app_root, exiting!"; exit 1 fi ### Init Script functions check_pids(){ if ! mkdir -p "$pid_path"; then echo "Could not create the path $pid_path needed to store the pids." exit 1 fi # If there exists a file which should hold the value of the Unicorn pid: read it. if [ -f "$web_server_pid_path" ]; then wpid=$(cat "$web_server_pid_path") else wpid=0 fi if [ -f "$sidekiq_pid_path" ]; then spid=$(cat "$sidekiq_pid_path") else spid=0 fi } # Checks whether the different parts of the service are already running or not. check_status(){ check_pids # If the web server is running kill -0 $wpid returns true, or rather 0. # Checks of *_status should only check for == 0 or != 0, never anything else. if [ $wpid -ne 0 ]; then kill -0 "$wpid" 2>/dev/null web_status="$?" else web_status="-1" fi if [ $spid -ne 0 ]; then kill -0 "$spid" 2>/dev/null sidekiq_status="$?" else sidekiq_status="-1" fi } check_pids check_status if [ "$web_status" != "0" -a "$sidekiq_status" != "0" ]; then echo "GitLab is not running." exit 2 fi if [ "$web_status" != "0" ]; then printf "The GitLab Unicorn webserver is \033[31mnot running\033[0m.\n" exit 1 fi if [ "$sidekiq_status" != "0" ]; then printf "The GitLab Sidekiq job dispatcher is \033[31mnot running\033[0m.\n" exit 1 fi if [ "$web_status" = "0" -a "$sidekiq_status" = "0" ]; then printf "GitLab and all it's components are \033[32mup and running\033[0m.\n" exit 0 fi

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• MBP becomes very hot after using Xcode

  - by Globalhawk

  Hardware: MBP early 2011 version OS: Mountain lion App: Xcode 4.5.2 Problem: Every time when I start Xcode, 2 or 3 processes called "git" start running. But when I quit Xcode the "git" process won't quit and are still using a lot of CPU. Then the computer becomes quite hot and the battery gets drained very quickly. If I manually kill these processes the problem is gone. I tried to reinstall Xcode several times but the problem comes back every time. It drives me crazy. Any help will be appreciated!

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• Compiz shutdown hook?

  - by ???

  I want to check 10+ local Git repositories if they have any unpushed commit, before shutdown. (I always forgot to push them, so later, the next morning I came office and back home again) I think maybe the shutdown process can check some conditions to meet, if any condition is not met, then give the user the choice to continue to shutdown or just cancel. Then, I can write something to hook the shutdown to check my Git repository to push. EDIT I have changed the title from Ubuntu shutdown hook to Compiz shutdown hook. I want to hook to the small lovely shutdown button, rather then click another ugly shortcut icon on the desktop.

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• How can I get ssh-agent working over ssh and in tmux (on OS X)?

  - by Rich

  I have a private key set up for my github account, the passphrase to which is, I believe, stored in OS X's keychain. I certainly don't have to type it in when I open a terminal window and enter ssh [email protected]. However, when I'm running bash over an ssh session, or locally inside a tmux session, I have to type in the passphrase every single time I attempt to ssh to github. This question suggests that a similar problem exists with screen, but I don't really understand the issue well enough to fix it in tmux. There's also this page which includes a fairly complicated solution, but for zsh. EDIT: In response to @Mikel's answer, from a local terminal I get the following output: [~] $ echo $SSH_AUTH_SOCK /tmp/launch-S4HBD6/Listeners [~] $ ssh-add -l 2048 [my key fingerprint] /Users/richie/.ssh/id_rsa (RSA) [~] $ typeset -p SSH_AUTH_SOCK declare -x SSH_AUTH_SOCK="/tmp/launch-S4HBD6/Listeners" Whereas over ssh or in tmux I get: [~] $ echo $SSH_AUTH_SOCK [~] $ ssh-add -l Could not open a connection to your authentication agent. [~] $ typeset -p SSH_AUTH_SOCK bash: typeset: SSH_AUTH_SOCK: not found echo $SSH_AGENT_PID returns nothing whatever shell I run it from.

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• Sarg report error

  - by amyassin

  I have a proxy server that runs Ubuntu Server 11.10, Squid 2.7.STABLE9. I installed sarg (version 2.3.1 Sep-18-2010) to generate reports using the ordinary apt-get install, and added a cron job to generate a report of the day every 5 minutes (that will overwrite the 5-minutes-older one): */5 * * * * /root/proxy_report.sh And the content of /root/proxy_report.sh is: #!/bin/bash /usr/bin/sarg -nd `date +"%d/%m/%Y"` > /dev/null 2>&1 And I added another cron job to generate a full report every hour at :32 (not to collide with the 5 minutes job): */32 * * * * /root/proxy_report_full.sh And the content of /root/proxy_report_full.sh is : #!/bin/bash /usr/bin/sarg -n > /dev/null 2>&1 And I added a small script to remove the yesterday full report (the full report that ends in yesterday that won't be overwritten by the new today full report) in /etc/rc.local to run at startup: /usr/bin/rm_yesterday.sh &>> /var/log/rm_yesterday Where /usr/bin/rm_yesterday.sh: #!/bin/bash find /var/www/sarg/ | grep `date -d Apr1 +"%Y%b%d"`-* | grep -v `date +"%Y%b%d"` | xargs rm -rf * Apr1 is the starting date of the proxy... ** I've placed it in /usr/bin to be mounted early at startup... That arrangement went OK for about a month and a half, except for one time I noticed some errors and reports wasn't generated, and fixed that by making an offset (the two minutes in 32 of the second cron job). However, it then started not to generate reports anymore. By manually trying to generate it it gives the following error: root@proxy-server:~# sarg -n SARG: getword_atoll loop detected after 3 bytes. SARG: Line="154 192.168.10.40 TCP_MISS/200 39 CONNECT www.google.com" SARG: Record="154 192.168.10.40 TCP_MISS/200 39 CONNECT www.google.com" SARG: searching for 'x2f' SARG: getword backtrace: SARG: 1:sarg() [0x8050a4a] SARG: 2:sarg() [0x8050c8b] SARG: 3:sarg() [0x804fc2e] SARG: 4:/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf3) [0x129113] SARG: 5:sarg() [0x80501c9] SARG: Maybe you have a broken date in your /var/log/squid/access.log file When I looked to /var/log/squid/ folder, I noticed that it contains some rotated logs: root@proxy-server:~# ls /var/log/squid/ access.log access.log.1 cache.log cache.log.1 store.log store.log.1 So maybe sarg installed logrotate with it? Or it comes with the standard Ubuntu? I don't remember I installed it manuallly. The question is: What could've gone wrong? Does it have something to do with rotating the log? How can I trace the error and start generating reports again?

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• $PATH is driving me nuts

  - by Chris4d

  OK, apologies if this is something dumb, but I'm running out of ideas. Goal: prepend /usr/local/bin to $PATH Problem: $PATH won't do what I want or expect How I got here: I want to start learning to program, so I'm getting comfortable messing around under the hood, but don't have a lot of experience. I installed the fish shell (because it's friendly!) using homebrew and set it as my default shell (under system prefs>users & groups>advanced). At some point, I ran brew doctor to see if my installs were all kosher, and it suggested I move /usr/local/bin to the front of $PATH so that I could use my installation of git rather than the system copy. Fine - but between path_helper and fish, something was happening to $PATH that was out of my control, and I could never get the paths arranged in the right way. Environment: OSX 10.8.2, upgraded from 10.7ish, with xcode and devtools installed, plus x11, homebrew, and fish More info: I've set my user's default shell back to bash, and tried a variety of shells thru terminal.app - bash, fish, sh. I moved /usr/local/bin to the top of /etc/paths but it didn't change anything. I looked thru the various config.fish files and commented out stuff that might mess with $PATH, didn't help. I have the following files in /etc/paths.d/: ./10-homebrew containing /usr/local/bin ./20-fish containing /usr/local/Cellar/fish/1.23.1/bin ./40-XQuartz containing /opt/X11/bin I added set +x to my profile and when I start terminal.app I get: Last login: Mon Oct 1 13:31:06 on ttys000 + '[' -x /usr/libexec/path_helper ']' + eval '/usr/libexec/path_helper -s' ++ /usr/libexec/path_helper -s PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/Cellar/fish/1.23.1/bin:/opt/X11/bin"; export PATH; + '[' /bin/bash '!=' no ']' + '[' -r /etc/bashrc ']' + . /etc/bashrc ++ '[' -z '\s-\v\$ ' ']' ++ PS1='\h:\W \u\$ ' ++ shopt -s checkwinsize ++ '[' Apple_Terminal == Apple_Terminal ']' ++ '[' -z '' ']' ++ PROMPT_COMMAND='update_terminal_cwd; ' ++ update_terminal_cwd ++ local 'SEARCH= ' ++ local REPLACE=%20 ++ local PWD_URL=file://Chriss-iMac.local/Users/c4 ++ printf '\e]7;%s\a' file://Chriss-iMac.local/Users/c4 Chriss-iMac:~ c4$ So it looks like path_helper runs, but then running echo $PATH nets me /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin. So, it looks like path_helper isn't even doing what it's supposed to anymore? I'm sure there is some well-defined behavior here that I don't understand, or I borked something while trying to fix it. Please help!

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