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  • Python:Comparing Two Dictionaries

    - by saun jean
    The first Dict is fixed.This Dict will remain as it is List of Countries with there Short Names. firstDict={'ERITREA': 'ER', 'LAOS': 'LA', 'PORTUGAL': 'PT', "D'IVOIRE": 'CI', 'MONTENEGRO': 'ME', 'NEW CALEDONIA': 'NC', 'SVALBARD AND JAN MAYEN': 'SJ', 'BAHAMAS': 'BS', 'TOGO': 'TG', 'CROATIA': 'HR', 'LUXEMBOURG': 'LU', 'GHANA': 'GH'} However This Tuple result has multiple Dict inside it.This is the format in which MySQLdb returns result: result =({'count': 1L, 'country': 'Eritrea'}, {'count': 1L, 'country': 'Togo'}, {'count': 1L, 'country': 'Sierra Leone'}, {'count': 3L, 'country': 'Bahamas'}, {'count': 1L, 'country': 'Ghana'}) Now i want to compare these both results With COUNTRY Names and If 'Country' in Result is present in firstDict then put the value.else put the 0 The result desired is: mainRes={'ER':1,'TG':1,'BS':3,'GH':0,'LU':0}

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  • How to debug an external library (OpenCV) in Visual C++?

    - by neuviemeporte
    I am developing a project in VC++2008. The project uses the OpenCV library (but I guess this applies to any other library). I am working with the Debug configuration, the linker properties include the debug versions of the library .lib's as additional dependencies. In VC++ Directories under Tools|Options i set up the include directory, the .lib directory, the source directories for the library as well. I get an error while calling one of the functions from the library and I'd like to see exactly what that function is doing. The line that produces the error is: double error = cvStereoCalibrate(&calObjPointsM, &img1PointsM, &img2PointsM, &pointCountsM, &cam1M, &dist1M, &cam2M, &dist2M, imgSize, &rotM, &transM, NULL, NULL, cvTermCriteria(CV_TERMCRIT_ITER + CV_TERMCRIT_EPS, 100, 1e-5)); I set up a breakpoint at this line to see how the cvStereoCalibrate() function fails. Unfortunately the debugger won't show the source code for this function when I hit "Step into". It skips immediately to the cvTermCriteria() (which is a simple inline, macro-kinda function) and show its contents. Is there anything else I need to do to be able to enter the external library functions in the debugger? EDIT: I think the cvTermCriteria() function shows in the debugger, because it's defined in a header file, therefore immediately accesible to the project.

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  • Exposing boost::scoped_ptr in boost::python

    - by Rupert Jones
    Hello, I am getting a compile error, saying that the copy constructor of the scoped_ptr is private with the following code snippet: class a {}; struct s { boost::scoped_ptr<a> p; }; BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE( module ) { class_<s>( "s" ); } This example works with a shared_ptr though. It would be nice, if anyone knows the answer. Thanks

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  • Python meta programming question

    - by orokusaki
    I have a meta class MyClass which adds an attribute to a class based on some of the properties of the class's methods. When I subclass MyClass I want it to still have that attribute, and append to the attribute's value based on the sub-class's methods (ie, sub-classing extends the same attribute that the base's meta creates.). Can this be done via the bases argument passed to __new__(cls, name, bases, dct)?

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  • python decorator to add function to list in current scope

    - by AlexH
    Goal: Make a decorator which can modify the scope that it is used in. If it worked: class Blah(): # or perhaps class Blah(ParentClassWhichMakesThisPossible) def one(self): pass @decorated def two(self): pass Blah.decorated ["two"] Why? I essentially want to write classes which can maintain specific dictionaries of methods, so that I can retrieve lists of available methods of different types on a per class basis. errr..... I want to do this: class RuleClass(ParentClass): @rule def blah(self): pass @rule def kapow(self): pass def shazam(self): class OtherRuleClass(ParentClass): @rule def foo(self): pass def bar(self): pass RuleClass.rules.keys() ["blah", "kapow"] OtherRuleClass.rules.keys() ["foo"]

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  • python list directory , subdirectory and files

    - by thomytheyon
    Hi Alls, I'm trying to make a script to list all directory, subdirectory, and files in a given directory. I tried this : import sys,os root="/home/patate/directory/" path=os.path.join(root,"targetdirectory") for r,d,f in os.walk(path): for file in f: print os.path.join(root,file) Unfortunatly it doesn't work properly, i get all the files, but not them complete path. like : if the dir struct would be : /home/patate/directory/targetdirectory/123/456/789/file.txt It would print: /home/patate/directory/targetdirectory/file.txt What i need is the first result, any help would be greatly appreciated ! Thanks

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  • Python Tkinter comparing PhotoImage objects

    - by Kyle Schmidt
    In a simple LightsOut game, when I click on a light I need to toggle the image on a button. I'm doing this with Tkinter, so I thought I'd just check and see what image is currently on the button (either 'on.gif' or 'off.gif') and set it to the other one, like this: def click(self,x,y): if self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.off) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.off else: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.on) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on This ends up always being True - I can turn a lgiht off, but never turn it back on. Did some research, realized that I should probably be using cmp: def click(self,x,y): if cmp(self.buttons[x][y].image,self.on) == 0: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.off) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.off else: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.on) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on But that gave me the exact same result. Both self.on and self.off are PhotoImage objects. Aside from keeping a separate set of lists which tracks what type of light is in each position and redrawing them every click, is there a way to directly compare two PhotoImage objects like this?

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  • Search for a pattern in a list of strings - Python

    - by Holtz
    I have a list of strings containing filenames such as, file_names = ['filei.txt','filej.txt','filek.txt','file2i.txt','file2j.txt','file2k.txt','file3i.txt','file3j.txt','file3k.txt'] I then remove the .txt extension using: extension = os.path.commonprefix([n[::-1] for n in file_names])[::-1] file_names_strip = [n[:-len(extension)] for n in file_names] And then return the last character of each string in the list file_names_strip: h = [n[-1:] for n in file_names_strip] Which gives h = ['i', 'j', 'k', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'i', 'j', 'k'] How can i test for a pattern of strings in h? So if i,j,k occur sequentially it would return True and False if not. I need to know this because not all file names are formatted like they are in file_names. So: test_ijk_pattern(h) = True no_pattern = ['1','2','3','1','2','3','1','2','3'] test_ijk_pattern(no_pattern) = False

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  • XML - python prints extra lines

    - by horse
    `from xml import xpath from xml.dom import minidom xmldata = minidom.parse('model.xml').documentElement for maks in xpath.Evaluate('/cacti/results/maks/text()', xmldata): print maks.nodeValue ` and I get result: 85603399.14 398673062.66 95785523.81 But I needed to be: 85603399.14 NO SPACE 398673062.66 NO SPACE 95785523.81 Can somebody help me, i new at programing :( ?

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  • calling a function from another function in python

    - by user1040503
    I have written this function that takes to strings in order to see if they are anagrams: def anagram_check(str_x, str_y): x = string1.replace(" ","") y = string2.replace(" ","") lower1 = x.lower() lower2 = y.lower() sorted1 = sorted(lower1) sorted2 = sorted(lower2) if sorted1 == sorted2: return True else: return False this function works fine, the problem is that now I need to use this function in another function in order to find anagrams in a text file. I want to print a list of tuples with all the anagrams in it. this is what i have done so far def anagrams_finder(words_num): anagrams = [] f = open("words.txt") a = list(f) list1 = ([s.replace('\n', '') for s in a]) list2 = ([i.lower() for i in list1]) list3 = list2[0:words_num] #number of words from text that need to be checked. for i in list3: .... I tried using for loops, while loops, appand.... but nothing seems to work. how can I use the first function in order to help me with the second? Please help...

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  • problem with hierarchical clustering in Python

    - by user248237
    I am doing a hierarchical clustering a 2 dimensional matrix by correlation distance metric (i.e. 1 - Pearson correlation). My code is the following (the data is in a variable called "data"): from hcluster import * Y = pdist(data, 'correlation') cluster_type = 'average' Z = linkage(Y, cluster_type) dendrogram(Z) The error I get is: ValueError: Linkage 'Z' contains negative distances. What causes this error? The matrix "data" that I use is simply: [[ 156.651968 2345.168618] [ 158.089968 2032.840106] [ 207.996413 2786.779081] [ 151.885804 2286.70533 ] [ 154.33665 1967.74431 ] [ 150.060182 1931.991169] [ 133.800787 1978.539644] [ 112.743217 1478.903191] [ 125.388905 1422.3247 ]] I don't see how pdist could ever produce negative numbers when taking 1 - pearson correlation. Any ideas on this? thank you.

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  • python logparse search specific text

    - by krisdigitx
    hi, I am using this function in my code to return the strings i want from reading the log file, I want to grep the "exim" process and return the results, but running the code gives no error, but the output is limited to three lines, how can i just get the output only related to exim process.. #output: {'date': '13', 'process': 'syslogd', 'time': '06:27:33', 'month': 'May'} {'date': '13', 'process': 'exim[23168]:', 'time': '06:27:33', 'month': 'May'} {'May': ['syslogd']} #function: def generate_log_report(logfile): report_dict = {} for line in logfile: line_dict = dictify_logline(line) print line_dict try: month = line_dict['month'] date = line_dict['date'] time = line_dict['time'] #process = line_dict['process'] if "exim" in line_dict['process']: process = line_dict['process'] break else: process = line_dict['process'] except ValueError: continue report_dict.setdefault(month, []).append(process) return report_dict

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  • python fdb save huge data from database to file

    - by peter
    I have this script SELECT = """ select coalesce (p.ID,'') as id, coalesce (p.name,'') as name, from TABLE as p """ self.cur.execute(SELECT) for row in self.cur.itermap(): xml +=" <item>\n" xml +=" <id>" + id + "</id>\n" xml +=" <name>" + name + "</name>\n" xml +=" </item>\n\n" #save xml to file here f = open... and I need to save data from huge database to file. There are 10 000s (up to 40000) of items in my database and it takes very long time when script runs (1 hour and more) until finish. How can I take data I need from database and save it to file "at once"? (as quick as possible? I don't need xml output because I can process data from output on my server later. I just need to do it as quickly as possible. Any idea?) Many thanks!

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  • Generating Mouse-Keyboard combination events in python

    - by freakazo
    I want to be able to do a combination of keypresses and mouseclicks simultaneously, as in for example Control+LeftClick At the moment I am able to do Control and then a left click with the following code: import win32com, win32api, win32con def CopyBox( x, y): time.sleep(.2) wsh = win32com.client.Dispatch("WScript.Shell") wsh.SendKeys("^") win32api.SetCursorPos((x,y)) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, x, y, 0, 0) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, x, y, 0, 0) What this does is press control on the keyboard, then it clicks. I need it to keep the controll pressed longer and return while it's still pressed to continue running the code. Is there a maybe lower level way of saying press the key and then later in the code tell it to lift up the key such as like what the mouse is doing?

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  • Python - werid behavior

    - by orokusaki
    I've done what I shouldn't have done and written 4 modules (6 hours or so) without running any tests along the way. I have a method inside of /mydir/__init__.py called get_hash(), and a class inside of /mydir/utils.py called SpamClass. /mydir/utils.py imports get_hash() from /mydir/__init__. /mydir/__init__.py imports SpamClass from /mydir/utils.py. Both the class and the method work fine on their own but for some reason if I try to import /mydir/, I get an import error saying "Cannot import name get_hash" from /mydir/__init__.py. The only stack trace is the line saying that __init__.py imported SpamClass. The next line is where the error occurs in in SpamClass when trying to import get_hash. Why is this?

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  • Copying 2D lists in python

    - by SuperString
    Hi I want to copy a 2D list, so that if I modify 1 list, the other is not modified. For 1 D list, I just do this: a = [1,2] b = a[:] And now if I modify b, a is not modified. But this doesn't work for 2D list: a = [[1,2],[3,4]] b = a[:] If I modify b, a gets modified as well. How do I fix this?

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  • Python: Embed Chaco in PyQt4 Mystery

    - by random guy
    How do i go about adding Chaco to an existing PyQt4 application? Hours of searches yielded little (search for yourself). So far i've figured i need the following lines: import os os.environ['ETS_TOOLKIT']='qt4' i could not find PyQt4-Chaco code anywhere on the internets i would be very grateful to anyone filling in the blanks to show me the simplest line plot possible (with 2 points) from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui import sys import os os.environ['ETS_TOOLKIT']='qt4' from enthought <blanks> : : app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) main_window = QtGui.QMainWindow() main_window.setCentralWidget(<blanks>) main_window.show() app.exec_() print('bye') what Chaco/Enthought class inherits from QWidget ?

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  • How to fix this python program?

    - by Phenom
    import math def p(n): return 393000*((288200/393000)^n * math.exp(-(288200/393000)))/math.factorial(n) print p(3) When I run it, I get the following error message: Traceback (most recent call last): File "poisson.py", line 6, in <module> print p(3) File "poisson.py", line 4, in p return 393000*((288200/393000)^n * math.exp(-(288200/393000)))/math.factoria l(n) TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ^: 'int' and 'float'

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  • Python decorator question

    - by nsharish
    decorator 1: def dec(f): def wrap(obj, *args, **kwargs): f(obj, *args,**kwargs) return wrap decorator 2: class dec: def __init__(self, f): self.f = f def __call__(self, obj, *args, **kwargs): self.f(obj, *args, **kwargs) A sample class, class Test: @dec def disp(self, *args, **kwargs): print(*args,**kwargs) The follwing code works with decorator 1 but not with decorator 2. a = Test() a.disp("Message") I dont understand why decorator 2 is not working here. Can someone help me with this?

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  • Optimizing python code performance when importing zipped csv to a mongo collection

    - by mark
    I need to import a zipped csv into a mongo collection, but there is a catch - every record contains a timestamp in Pacific Time, which must be converted to the local time corresponding to the (longitude,latitude) pair found in the same record. The code looks like so: def read_csv_zip(path, timezones): with ZipFile(path) as z, z.open(z.namelist()[0]) as input: csv_rows = csv.reader(input) header = csv_rows.next() check,converters = get_aux_stuff(header) for csv_row in csv_rows: if check(csv_row): row = { converter[0]:converter[1](value) for converter, value in zip(converters, csv_row) if allow_field(converter) } ts = row['ts'] lng, lat = row['loc'] found_tz_entry = timezones.find_one(SON({'loc': {'$within': {'$box': [[lng-tz_lookup_radius, lat-tz_lookup_radius],[lng+tz_lookup_radius, lat+tz_lookup_radius]]}}})) if found_tz_entry: tz_name = found_tz_entry['tz'] local_ts = ts.astimezone(timezone(tz_name)).replace(tzinfo=None) row['tz'] = tz_name else: local_ts = (ts.astimezone(utc) + timedelta(hours = int(lng/15))).replace(tzinfo = None) row['local_ts'] = local_ts yield row def insert_documents(collection, source, batch_size): while True: items = list(itertools.islice(source, batch_size)) if len(items) == 0: break; try: collection.insert(items) except: for item in items: try: collection.insert(item) except Exception as exc: print("Failed to insert record {0} - {1}".format(item['_id'], exc)) def main(zip_path): with Connection() as connection: data = connection.mydb.data timezones = connection.timezones.data insert_documents(data, read_csv_zip(zip_path, timezones), 1000) The code proceeds as follows: Every record read from the csv is checked and converted to a dictionary, where some fields may be skipped, some titles be renamed (from those appearing in the csv header), some values may be converted (to datetime, to integers, to floats. etc ...) For each record read from the csv, a lookup is made into the timezones collection to map the record location to the respective time zone. If the mapping is successful - that timezone is used to convert the record timestamp (pacific time) to the respective local timestamp. If no mapping is found - a rough approximation is calculated. The timezones collection is appropriately indexed, of course - calling explain() confirms it. The process is slow. Naturally, having to query the timezones collection for every record kills the performance. I am looking for advises on how to improve it. Thanks. EDIT The timezones collection contains 8176040 records, each containing four values: > db.data.findOne() { "_id" : 3038814, "loc" : [ 1.48333, 42.5 ], "tz" : "Europe/Andorra" } EDIT2 OK, I have compiled a release build of http://toblerity.github.com/rtree/ and configured the rtree package. Then I have created an rtree dat/idx pair of files corresponding to my timezones collection. So, instead of calling collection.find_one I call index.intersection. Surprisingly, not only there is no improvement, but it works even more slowly now! May be rtree could be fine tuned to load the entire dat/idx pair into RAM (704M), but I do not know how to do it. Until then, it is not an alternative. In general, I think the solution should involve parallelization of the task. EDIT3 Profile output when using collection.find_one: >>> p.sort_stats('cumulative').print_stats(10) Tue Apr 10 14:28:39 2012 ImportDataIntoMongo.profile 64549590 function calls (64549180 primitive calls) in 1231.257 seconds Ordered by: cumulative time List reduced from 730 to 10 due to restriction <10> ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 1 0.012 0.012 1231.257 1231.257 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:1(<module>) 1 0.001 0.001 1230.959 1230.959 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:187(main) 1 853.558 853.558 853.558 853.558 {raw_input} 1 0.598 0.598 370.510 370.510 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:165(insert_documents) 343407 9.965 0.000 359.034 0.001 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:137(read_csv_zip) 343408 2.927 0.000 287.035 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\collection.py:489(find_one) 343408 1.842 0.000 274.803 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\cursor.py:699(next) 343408 2.542 0.000 271.212 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\cursor.py:644(_refresh) 343408 4.512 0.000 253.673 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\cursor.py:605(__send_message) 343408 0.971 0.000 242.078 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\connection.py:871(_send_message_with_response) Profile output when using index.intersection: >>> p.sort_stats('cumulative').print_stats(10) Wed Apr 11 16:21:31 2012 ImportDataIntoMongo.profile 41542960 function calls (41542536 primitive calls) in 2889.164 seconds Ordered by: cumulative time List reduced from 778 to 10 due to restriction <10> ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 1 0.028 0.028 2889.164 2889.164 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:1(<module>) 1 0.017 0.017 2888.679 2888.679 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:202(main) 1 2365.526 2365.526 2365.526 2365.526 {raw_input} 1 0.766 0.766 502.817 502.817 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:180(insert_documents) 343407 9.147 0.000 491.433 0.001 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:152(read_csv_zip) 343406 0.571 0.000 391.394 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\rtree-0.7.0-py2.7.egg\rtree\index.py:384(intersection) 343406 379.957 0.001 390.824 0.001 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\rtree-0.7.0-py2.7.egg\rtree\index.py:435(_intersection_obj) 686513 22.616 0.000 38.705 0.000 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\rtree-0.7.0-py2.7.egg\rtree\index.py:451(_get_objects) 343406 6.134 0.000 33.326 0.000 ImportDataIntoMongo.py:162(<dictcomp>) 346 0.396 0.001 30.665 0.089 c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pymongo\collection.py:240(insert) EDIT4 I have parallelized the code, but the results are still not very encouraging. I am convinced it could be done better. See my own answer to this question for details.

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