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• #define vs enum in an embedded environment (How do they compile?)

  - by Alexander Kondratskiy

  This question has been done to death, and I would agree that enums are the way to go. However, I am curious as to how enums compile in the final code- #defines are just string replacements, but do enums add anything to the compiled binary? Or are they both equivalent at that stage. When writing firmware and memory is very limited, is there any advantage, no matter how small, to using #defines? Thanks! EDIT: As requested by the comment below, by embedded, I mean a digital camera. Thanks for the answers! I am all for enums!

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• Java multiline string

  - by skiphoppy

  Coming from Perl, I sure am missing the "here-document" means of creating a multi-line string in source code: $string = <<"EOF" # create a three line string text text text EOF In Java I have to have cumbersome quotes and plus signs on every line as I concatenate my multiline string from scratch. What are some better alternatives? Define my string in a properties file? Edit: Two answers say StringBuilder.append() is preferable to the plus notation. Could anyone elaborate as to why they think so? It doesn't look more preferable to me at all. I'm looking for away around the fact that multiline strings are not a first-class language construct, which means I definitely don't want to replace a first-class language construct (string concatenation with plus) with method calls. Edit: To clarify my question further, I'm not concerned about performance at all. I'm concerned about maintainability and design issues.

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• What's the coolest machine you've ever worked on?

  - by mxg

  What's the most exotic, coolest, unique, or interesting machine you've worked on? Most of us work on machines with x86 architectures using some Windows or Linux variant. I'm sure there are those of you out there who are working on or have worked on machines with experimental architecures, or operating systems. Maybe you worked on a machine that has some sigificance in the history of computing. I'd be interested to hear about it. I'm sure others reading SO will as well. EDIT: I appreciate all of you who took some time to talk about their experiences with interesting or unusual machines. I enjoyed reading your answers. Although it wasn't my intent to get nostalgic, I see that theme amongst the responses.

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• Is it possible to parse a stylesheet with Nokogiri?

  - by wbharding

  I've spent my requisite two hours Googling this, and I can not find any good answers, so let's see if humans can beat Google computers. I want to parse a stylesheet in Ruby so that I can apply those styles to elements in my document (to make the styles inlined). So, I want to take something like <style> .mystyle { color:white; } </style> And be able to extract it into a Nokogiri object of some sort. The Nokogiri class "CSS::Parser" (http://nokogiri.rubyforge.org/nokogiri/Nokogiri/CSS/Parser.html) certainly has a promising name, but I can't find any documentation on what it is or how it works, so I have no idea if it can do what I'm after here. My end goal is to be able to write code something like: a_web_page = Nokogiri::HTML(html_page_as_string) parsed_styles = Nokogiri::CSS.parse(html_page_as_string) parsed_styles.each do |style| existing_inlined_style = a_web_page.css(style.declaration) || '' a_web_page.css(style.declaration)['css'] = existing_inlined_style + style.definition end Which would extract styles from a stylesheet and add them all as inlined styles to my document.

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• Efficient calculation of matrix cumulative standard deviation in r

  - by Abiel

  I recently posted this question on the r-help mailing list but got no answers, so I thought I would post it here as well and see if there were any suggestions. I am trying to calculate the cumulative standard deviation of a matrix. I want a function that accepts a matrix and returns a matrix of the same size where output cell (i,j) is set to the standard deviation of input column j between rows 1 and i. NAs should be ignored, unless cell (i,j) of the input matrix itself is NA, in which case cell (i,j) of the output matrix should also be NA. I could not find a built-in function, so I implemented the following code. Unfortunately, this uses a loop that ends up being somewhat slow for large matrices. Is there a faster built-in function or can someone suggest a better approach? cumsd <- function(mat) { retval <- mat*NA for (i in 2:nrow(mat)) retval[i,] <- sd(mat[1:i,], na.rm=T) retval[is.na(mat)] <- NA retval } Thanks.

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• CSS: How to affect OTHER elements when a div is hovered

  - by Trufa

  I think this is a very basic question but I not sure how/if it can be done. What I want to do is to is a certain div is hovered, affect the properties of another div. For example, in this simple example when you hover over #cube it changes the background-color but what I that when I hover over #container, #cubeis affected. I don't want to explain further cause I think it might be confusing, but please ask the the question is no clear enough!! Thanks in advance!! jQueriers: abstain yourselves!! only CSS answers :)

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• JavaScript socket vs. Flash socket?

  - by Dr.Dredel

  Steve Jobs just posted this article on why Apple rejects Flash... http://www.apple.com/hotnews/thoughts-on-flash/ I agree that javascript and css can be used to replicate some of Flash's animation, though Flash does all sorts of scaling and tweening that is incredibly powerful, and I'm not sure that there's anything comparable in javascript, if there is, I certainly haven't seen it. However, my question is about the socket. Flash has an incredibly powerful openSocket class that allows you to connect to a server and have the server and the client talk back and forth to one another. As far as I know there is no equivalent class in Javascript. Am I mistaken? Is there some secret mystery Ajax class that replicates the openSocket? If not, then that feature alone makes Flash an invaluable tool. I'm interested in all answers though... and yes this IS a programming question! :)

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• Why can't I save CSS changes in FireBug?

  - by Dean

  FireBug is the most convenient tool I've found for editing CSS - so why isn't there a simple "Save" option? I am always finding myself making tweaks in FireBug, then going back to my original .css file and replicating the tweaks. Has anyone come up with a better solution? EDIT: I'm aware the code is stored on a server (in most cases not my own), but I use it when building my own websites. Firebug's just using the .css file FireFox downloaded from the server, it knows precisely what lines in which files its editing, I can't see why there's not an "Export" or "Save" option which allows you to store the new .css file. (Which I could then replace the remote one with). I have tried looking in temporary locations, and choosing file-save and experimenting with the output options on FireFox, but I still haven't found a way. Here's hoping someone has a nice solution... EDIT 2: The Official Group has a lot of questions, but no answers.

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• Checkbox vs Two Radio Buttons - Which one is more usable?

  - by Engram

  I'm currently working on some setting screens, most of which contain a 2 column form with a preference question on the left, and a form element on the right. The questions are things like: Can add/edit other users? Can delete clients? Obviously this setting is a binary setting and most UI "experts" would insist that a checkbox is the appropriate form element to use. However, when I mocked up the form with the checkboxes it looked unfriendly and it seemed hard to relate the state of the checkbox back to the question. I changed the form to use two radio buttons instead: Yes o No Personally I find this easier to process, as the options are actually answers to the question posed on the left. In terms of clicking it makes no difference to the user, it's a single click each time to change the setting. What do you think of this use of radio buttons? Is this better or worse than a checkbox and why?

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• Qt LGPL licencing for a free application with closed source

  - by Andy M

  Hey everyone, I'm working on an application developped with Qt 4.6.2. I'm linking dynamicaly and I don't want to share my source code. The application is totally free and I don't plan on selling any part of it. I did not make any changes in the Qt library, I'm only using it to develop the application... I just want to share my free application, without having to share the source code... My question is, what would be your advices in choosing the correct licencing ? Thanks in advance for your answers !

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• Creating futures using Apple's GCD

  - by jer

  I'm working on a library which implements the actor model on top of Grand Central Dispatch (specifically the C level API libdispatch). Basically a brief overview of my system is as such: Communication happens between actors using messages Multicast communication only (one actor to many actors) Senders and receivers are decoupled from one another using a blackboard where messages are pushed to. Messages are sent in the default queue asynchronously using dispatch_group_async() once a message gets pushed onto the blackboard. I'm trying to implement futures in the language right now, so I've created a new type which holds some information: A group of its own The value being 'returned' However, I have a problem since dispatch_block_t is of type void (^)(void) so it doesn't return anything. So my idea of in my future_new() function of setting up another group which can be used to execute a block returning a result, which I can store in my "value" member in my future_t structure, isn't going to work. The rest of the futures implementation is very clear, except it all depends on being able to get the value into the future back from the actor, acting on the message. When using the library, it would greatly reduce its usefulness if I had to ask users (and myself) to be aware when futures were going to be used by other parts of the system—It just isn't practical. I'm wondering if anyone can think of a way around this?

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• iPhone equivalent of Application.DoEvents();

  - by BahaiResearch.com

  iPHone: We use MonoTouch, but Obj-C answers are ok. My singleton domain object takes a while to get all the data so it runs internally parts of the fetch in a thread. I need to inform the UI that the domain is done. Currently I do this. Is there a better way? In WinForms I would call Application.DoEvents() instead of Thread Sleep. PlanDomain domain = PlanDomain.Instance (); while (domain.IsLoadingData) { Thread.Sleep (100); //this is the main UI thread } TableView.Hidden = false; TableView.Source = new TableSource (this); TableView.ReloadData ();

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• How can I implement a "wizard" style page using JQuery?

  - by Mark Brittingham

  I am implementing a questionnaire on the web and I'd like for each block of questions to have its own "page" so the user doesn't have to scroll. However, page loads have two problems: a) they take time (and have a noticeable flicker/refresh) and b) such an approach would force me to do a data table insert plus multiple updates (or store it all in my session). How can I use JQuery to let the user page through the questionnaire on the client side, answering questions as he goes? I'll then be able to handle the data store when all the answers are submitted at the end. One other thing...is there a way to make sure that the session doesn't time out if the user takes awhile?

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• Should I practice "mockist" or "classical" TDD?

  - by Daryl Spitzer

  I've read (and re-read) Martin Fowler's Mocks Aren't Stubs. In it, he defines two different approaches to TDD: "Classical" and "Mockist". He attempts to answer the question "So should I be a classicist or a mockist?", but he admits that he has never tried mockist TDD on "anything more than toys." So I thought I'd ask the question here. Good answers may repeat Fowler's arguments (but hopefully more clearly) or add arguments that he didn't think of or that others have come up with since Fowler last updated the essay back in January 2007.

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• Cobol web development/hosting resources

  - by felixm

  Hello, I'm employed at a fairly big company here in Germany and got the job to create the main website for it which will feature: Static contents; Information and Presentations An employee area (around 6000 employees) featuring various things from calenders, job descriptions, some sort of groups Too many other dynamic things I can't list here I have decided to use COBOL for the job, it may be very underrated but it is a very powerful language, especially for business apps and, as my co-workers say, web (2.0) development too. I also need to use COBOL because all the backend and transactions system of the company is programmed in it (some small parts were programmed in LISP too, idk exactly why). I also have received an API that makes it possible to use COBOL with MySQL easily. This is a big project and it will probably take more than 2 months programming it. What do I have to expect when building a huge web app in COBOL? Are there web frameworks for COBOL available? Some sort of MVC? Are there any good resources for practical web-development with COBOL? Thanks in advance

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• 'Why' and 'Where' Generics is actually used?

  - by NLV

  Hi all I know that generics are used to achieve type safety and i frequently read that they are largely used in custom collections. But why actually do we need to have it generic? For example, Why cant i use string[] instead of List<string> Lets consider i declare generic class and it has a property X T x; If i provide a method for the class which does x = x + 1; what does it mean actually? I dono what T is actually going to be and i dono what x = x + 1 going to perform actually? If i'm not able to do my own manipulations in my methods how the generics are going to be help me anyway? I've already studied lot of bookish answers. It would be much appreciated if any one can provide some clear insights in this. Regards NLV

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• localtime_r supposed to be thread safe, but causing errors in Valgrind DRD

  - by Nik

  I searched google as much as I could but I couldn't find any good answers to this. localtime_r is supposed to be a thread-safe function for getting the system time. However, when checking my application with Valgrind --tool=drd, it consistantly tells me that there is a data race condition on this function. Are the common search results lying to me, or am I just missing something? It doesn't seem efficient to surround each localtime_r call with a mutex, especially if it is supposed to by thread safe in the first place. here is how i'm using it: timeval handlerTime; gettimeofday(&handlerTime,NULL); tm handlerTm; localtime_r(&handlerTime.tv_sec,&handlerTm); Any ideas?

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• code to edit the text ib an EditText widgit

  - by user293663

  Hello, I am a newbi programmer and am having trouble with a measurement conversion program I am working on. What I would like to do is have several EditText boxes. When one is filled in and a calculate button is hit then the rest will be populated with a converted number. The part I am getting stuck on is outputting the answers to EditText widgets. ex: There are three EditText Widgets. a user inputs the number 6 into the first one (labeled inches) and presses calculate. I would like the next box to display .5 (labeled feet) and the last to display .1666 (this would be yards) .setText() apparently does not work to modify the text in an EditText any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Creating/Handling events for controls when added during runtime.

  - by AllStar11

  I am using a Repeater which contains a placeholder. The placeholder is bound to my database and each ItemTemplate contains 1-6 radiobuttons depending on what the database returns. What I need to do is somehow keep track of which one of the radiobuttons is checked for each question so I can write the user's answers to the database when they complete the test, any ideas?? <asp:Repeater ID="Repeater1" OnItemDataBound="R1_ItemDataBound" runat="server"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:PlaceHolder ID="phAnswers" runat="server"> </asp:PlaceHolder> </ItemTemplate> </asp:Repeater> Sub R1_ItemDataBound(ByVal Sender As Object, ByVal e As RepeaterItemEventArgs) Dim tempPH As PlaceHolder tempPH = e.Item.FindControl("phAnswers") For x As Integer = 0 To (t_MC.Count - 1) newRadio = New RadioButton newRadio.ID = "Answer" + x.ToString newRadio.GroupName = "Answer" + tempQuestion.ID.ToString newRadio.Text = t_MC(x).Value newRadio.Width = 800 tempPH.Controls.Add(newRadio)

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• What online brokers offer APIs?

  - by Wilco

  So I'm getting really sick of E*TRADE and, being a developer, would love to find an online broker that offers an API. It would be great to be able to write my own trading tools, and maybe even modify existing ones. Based on my research so far, I've only found one option. Interactive Brokers offers a multi-language API (Java/C++/ActiveX/DDE) and has some fairly decent commission rates to boot. I want to make sure there aren't any other options out there I should be considering. Any ideas? Update: Based on answers so far, here's a quick list... Interactive Brokers Java C++ ActiveX DDE for Excel Pinnacle Trading C++ Perl VB.NET Excel MB Trading

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• The use of GROUP BY in MySQL

  - by Gustav Bertram

  I'm fishing for a comprehensive and canonical answer for the typical "mysql group by?" question. Here is some sample data: TABLE A +------+------+----------+-----+ | id | foo | bar | baz | +------+------+----------+-----+ | 1 | 1 | hello | 42 | | 2 | 0 | apple | 96 | | 3 | 20 | boot | 11 | | 4 | 31 | unicorn | 99 | | 5 | 19 | pumpkin | 11 | | 6 | 88 | orange | 13 | +------+------+----------+-----+ TABLE B +------+------+ | id | moo | +------+------+ | 1 | 1 | | 2 | 99 | | 3 | 11 | +------+------+ Demonstrate and explain the correct use of the GROUP BY clause in MySQL. Touch upon the following points: The use of MIN, MAX, SUM, AVG The use of HAVING Grouping by date, and ranges of dates Grouping with an ORDER BY Grouping with a JOIN Grouping on multiple columns Bonus points for references to other great answers, the MySQL online manual, and online tutorials on GROUP BY.

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• Activation rectangle

  - by Knowing me knowing you

  Making UML sequence diagram in VS 2010RC I've observed that there is no activation rectangle in first object. Is this correct? Not according to my tutor and I have to quote him: "Finally, you have no activation rectangle for the userInterface instance, so the initial message could never have been sent." But I'm thinking that if guys from VS did that it must/should be correct. Another thing he is picking me at is and I'm quoting him: "In class diagram the generalisation arrow heads should be open triangles." In my opinion there isn't strictly said that they must be open triangles especially when software lets you choose their form. Looking forward to hear your opinions. Thanks for answers.

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• Using AWK, treate files

  - by Mat

  Hi all, I have something to do that it must be finished before 4.00PM. I want create a batch file with awk, grep or sed that keep all lines beginning with 'INSERT' and delete the other lines. After this, i want replace a string "change)" by "servicechange)" when the 3rd word in the treated line is "donextsit". I don't know how to do this before my deadline (4.00 PM). Please HELP ME!! Thx for your answers. And Sorry for my english ;)

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• Add less than integer variable to string search

  - by user1691832

  I'm scanning a text document for certain installed programs on a computer and looking for an easy way to include a greater or less than variable in the string I'm scanning for. Here is a very ugly and cumbersome example of what I'm using currently and while it works as a temporary fix, isn't practical or sustainable. If CheckBox2.Checked Then sReader.Close() If text.Contains("Adobe Flash Player 11 Plugin") And text.Contains("Adobe Flash Player 11 ActiveX") Then Else If text.Contains("Adobe Flash Player 12 Plugin") And text.Contains("Adobe Flash Player 12 ActiveX") Then Else If text.Contains("Adobe Flash Player 13 Plugin") And text.Contains("Adobe Flash Player 13 ActiveX") Then Else '(Goes ahead and does a silent install of the missing or outdated program) So far I've run into this problem with both Adobe Flash and Java RTE and am certain to run into it with future programs. Essentially I need to scan for "Adobe Flash Player (Any number less than 11) Plugin" , "Adobe Flash Player (Any number less than 11) ActiveX" , "Java (number less than 9) Update (any number)". I'm sure whatever solution is offered can likely be adapted to similar programs I'm likely to encounter later. Thanks ----- Edit ----- I've since tried the following code but it always returns the "Found" messagebox, even when no version of adobe flash is present in the file it is scanning. If CheckBox2.Checked Then sReader.Close() Dim options As RegexOptions = RegexOptions.None Dim regex As Regex = New Regex("Adobe Flash Player (?<version>\d+) (Plugin|ActiveX)", options) Dim input As String = "Adobe Flash Player 11 Plugin" ' Get match Dim match As Match = regex.Match(input) Dim version As String = match.Groups("version").Value If (match.Success) Then MessageBox.Show("Version 11 or higher found, skipping install") Else MessageBox.Show("Version 11 or higher not found, installing Version 11")

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• What is your favorite programming discussion forum, channel, or chat?

  - by DV

  I think Stackoverflow is a great resource for programmers, but a lot of times free discussion and experimentation help find answers as quickly. I personally used Slicehost's forums a lot for setting up a Linux as a server. A quick search on Google turns up many results, but how to guess where to find the right people? In essence, are there communities out there where one can discuss and collaborate with great people similar to Stackoverflow audience? I am interested in multitude of topics, from PHP/ASP/Perl to C++/C#/Python, from SQL/XML/HTML/JSON to Javascript/Flash/Silverlight.

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