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• This .mpg video clip doesn't play well

  - by Roey

  I've installed K-lite mega codec pack v6.9.0 with playback essentials without player. My default and only media player is windows media player. here are the clip's media info: General Complete name : D:\Users\Roey\Downloads\B384MV.mpg Format : MPEG-PS File size : 273 MiB Duration : 4mn 59s Overall bit rate : 7 643 Kbps Video ID : 224 (0xE0) Format : MPEG Video Format version : Version 2 Format profile : Main@High Format settings, BVOP : No Format settings, Matrix : Default Format settings, GOP : M=1, N=15 Duration : 4mn 57s Bit rate mode : Variable Bit rate : 7 363 Kbps Nominal bit rate : 9 000 Kbps Width : 1 920 pixels Height : 1 080 pixels Display aspect ratio : 16:9 Frame rate : 25.000 fps Color space : YUV Chroma subsampling : 4:2:0 Bit depth : 8 bits Scan type : Progressive Compression mode : Lossy Bits/(Pixel*Frame) : 0.142 Stream size : 261 MiB (96%) Audio ID : 192 (0xC0) Format : MPEG Audio Format version : Version 1 Format profile : Layer 3 Mode : Joint stereo Duration : 4mn 59s Bit rate mode : Constant Bit rate : 128 Kbps Channel(s) : 2 channels Sampling rate : 44.1 KHz Compression mode : Lossy Stream size : 4.56 MiB (2%) Menu When I play it there is no sound (just a little "kahhhh" noise every 10-20 seconds) and the frames are moving very slow - it "jumps" frames. A blue tray icon [FFa] "ffdshow audio decoder" pops with the following details: Input:MP3, stereo, 44100 Hz (libavocodec) Output:PCM, stereo, 44100 Hz, 16-bit integer Any help will be much appreciated. Thanks

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• Simple way to set up port knocking on Linux?

  - by Ace Paus

  There are well known benefits of Port Knocking utilities when utilized in combination with firewall IP table modification. Port Knocking is best used to provide an additional layer of security over other tools such as the OpenSSH server. I would like some help setting it up on a ubuntu server. I looked at some port knocking implementations here: PORTKNOCKING - A system for stealthy authentication across closed ports. IMPLEMENTATIONS http://www.portknocking.org/view/implementations fwknop looked good. I found an Android client here. And fwknop (both client and server) is in the ubuntu repos. Unfortunately, setting it up (on the server) looks difficult. I do not have iptables set up. My proficiency with iptables is limited (but I understand the basics). I'm looking for a series of simple steps to set it up. I only want to open the SSH port in response to a valid knock. Alternatively, I would consider other port knocking implementations, if they are much simpler to set up and the desired Linux and Android clients are available.

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• kvm-over-ip, multiple machines per cable run

  - by Sirex

  I'm looking at getting a kvm-over-ip setup for a server room. Typically these devices have 16 or so cat5 leads that come out of them and then a convertor that converts each cat5 into a vga & ps2 pair. Can you run one cable from the unit into a switch, and then leads from the switch into each machine ? I have several machines on the other side of the server room that i'd like to have avaliable but i dont want to run 16 cables to them. I'm thinking this should be possible being IP layer and all, but as each device normally has its own cable out the back of the kvm unit i'm not certain. Perhaps the kvm's rear ports act essentially like a switch anyway in which case it should work, or perhaps if i run all 16 cables into a seperate switch right next to it and aggregate the ports together, run one cable to a switch on the other side of the room with similar number of ports agregated together, then use that switch to plug each macine into ? I'm fairly sure this is possible, but i just want to check before i shell out the cash as i've never tried it.

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• Switch Before Firewall / Router - Multiple public IPs

  - by rii

  I currently Have a 10Mbit Full duplex circuit connected to a small unmanaged switch which then connects to a Sonicwall Firewall / Router. I have several public IP addresses (/28) that are assigned to several devices in my setup. Now the problem is the small switch I have was lent to me and needs to be returned, I have replaced this switch with several other switches but for some reason any other switch I use causes the network to become extremely slow. I believe this is a problem with the autonegotiation of theses hubs, so I am thinking of purchasing a small managed switch (cisco 300 series) and making the receiving port on the swith Explicitly 10Mbit Full Duplex and see if this works. My question is, being that this is a managed switch and needs an IP, will I still be able to run my public ips through it? Say the circuit has 70.80.4.1 - 7 will I still be able to assign 70.80.4.2 to my firewall and 70.80.4.3 to my router connected to some other port in the switch? Will I have to assign the switch a public IP address in this range as well for it to "route" to those other devices or does the switch does not care what IPs goes through it while operating as a Layer 2 Switch? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advanced!

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• Steps to deploy a custom routing protocol

  - by user134589

  I'm a Ph.D Student and I'm researching a Service Centric Networking architecture with resourceallocation on a large scale. What I'm looking to do is expand an existing routing protocol like OSPF with extra fields and some new message types that I need for communication between Nodes. I want to manipulate the cost of a network link and I want paths to be calculated like in OSPF V2/v3, but using the cost that my algorithms have calculated. What I have I have the source code of OSPF from Quagga. I am assuming I can edit this code how I want, including packet structures and creating new types. Yes, I am aware it won't be easy but this is a 6 years research project and I am eager to develop something new, to move forward. What I need I would like to know how I can deploy the edited OSPF source files I have (written in C) on any type of server. I have a large testbed environment available with hundreds of virtual nodes and pretty much any OS out there. So if I want to test my extended protocol, how do I make all the nodes in a network use this to communicate? I do not understand what parts of the kernel I need to edit here. I tried searching for days now and I am unable to find how to deploy a non-existing routing protocol, without the use of an application-level framework. If somebody could push me in the right direction that'd be awesome. note: I need this to be a routingprotocol and not an application, since I want this to work on op of the network layer for performance reasons. Thanks!

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• Multiple servers vs 1 big server performace

  - by pistacchio

  Hi to all! My team of developers has suggested a server structure for an upcoming project we are developing. Our structure is "logical", meaning that the various logical components of the application (it is a distributed one) relies on different servers. Some components are more critical than others and will be subjected to more load. Our proposal was to have 1 server per component but the hardware guys suggested to replace the various machines with a single, bigger one with virtual servers. They're gonna use Blade Servers. Now, I'm not an expert at all, but my question to the guys was: so if we need, for example, 3 2GHz CPU / 2GB RAM machines and you give me 1 machine with 3 2GHz CPUs and 6 GB of RAM it is the same? They told me it is. Is this accurate? What are the advantages or disadvantages of both the solutions? What are the generally accepted best practices? Could you point out some URL reference dealing with the problem? Thank you in advance! EDIT: Some more info. The (internet / intranet) application is already layered. We have some servers on the DMZ that will expose pages to the internet and the databases are on their own machines. What we want to split (and they want to join) are some webservers that mainly expose webservices. One is a DAL that communicates with the database layer, one is our Single Sign On / User Profile application that gets called once per page and one is a clone of what seen on the Internet to be used on our lan.

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• Distributed storage and computing

  - by Tim van Elteren

  Dear Serverfault community, After researching a number of distributed file systems for deployment in a production environment with the main purpose of performing both batch and real-time distributed computing I've identified the following list as potential candidates, mainly on maturity, license and support: Ceph Lustre GlusterFS HDFS FhGFS MooseFS XtreemFS The key properties that our system should exhibit: an open source, liberally licensed, yet production ready, e.g. a mature, reliable, community and commercially supported solution; ability to run on commodity hardware, preferably be designed for it; provide high availability of the data with the most focus on reads; high scalability, so operation over multiple data centres, possibly on a global scale; removal of single points of failure with the use of replication and distribution of (meta-)data, e.g. provide fault-tolerance. The sensitivity points that were identified, and resulted in the following questions, are: transparency to the processing layer / application with respect to data locality, e.g. know where data is physically located on a server level, mainly for resource allocation and fast processing, high performance, how can this be accomplished? Do you from experience know what solutions provide this transparency and to what extent? posix compliance, or conformance, is mentioned on the wiki pages of most of the above listed solutions. The question here mainly is, how relevant is support for the posix standard? Hadoop for example isn't posix compliant by design, what are the pro's and con's? what about the difference between synchronous and asynchronous opeartion of a distributed file system. Though a synchronous distributed file system has the preference because of reliability it also imposes certain limitations with respect to scalability. What would be, from your expertise, the way to go on this? I'm looking forward to your replies. Thanks in advance! :) With kind regards, Tim van Elteren

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• Having two IP Routes/Gateways of last Resort on an HP Switch

  - by SteadH

  We have an HP Layer 3 Switch that is doing IP routing between vlans. The general set up is that the switch has an IP address on each VLAN and IP routing is enabled. On our servers VLAN, we have a firewall that has a connection to the outside world. To set a IP route on the HP router, we use IOS command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 where 192.168.2.1 is the address of our firewall, and the zeros essentially mean to route all traffic that the switch doesn't know what to do with out the firewall as a gateway. We're in the middle of an ISP and firewall change. I set up the new firewall and ran the IOS command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.254 (the address of the new firewall). Things started working nicely. When I reviewed the configuration of the switch though, I noticed that it did not replace the previous ip route command, but just added another route. Now, I know how to remove the old firewall route (no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1), but what is the effect of having these two 0.0.0.0 routes? Is it switch implosion? Will a server just respond back over the route it receives the request from? I've read elsewhere that having two default gateways is an impossibility by definition, but I'm curious about this situation that our switch allowed. Thanks!

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• How does rsync --daemon know which way it is being run?

  - by Skaperen

  I am wanting to run rsync over an SSL/TLS encrypted connection. It does not do this directly so I am exploring options. The stunnel program looks promising, although more complicated than designed due to the need to hop connections with the -r option. However, I do find there is a -l option to run a program. I am assuming this works by having two processes, one to carry out the SSL/TLS work, and one to be the worker which the client is communicating to. These would then communicate by a pipe pair or two way socket between them. What struck me as odd when I surveyed a number of web pages to see how to properly set this up is that whether running as a standalone daemon, or under a super daemon like inetd, the arguments for rsync are the same. How does rsync --daemon know whether it should open a socket and listen on it for many connections, or just service one connection by communicating with the stdin/stdout descriptors is has when it starts up (which really would go through the extra process to handle the encryption, description, and SSL/TLS protocol layer)? And then I need to find a way to wrap the client to have it do SSL/TLS in one simple command (as opposed to connection hopping that stunnel seems to favor).

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• Router vs switch in a LAN [closed]

  - by servernewbie

  If I have a LAN and and connect it with a switch, I understand it uses a CAM table to route packets in layer 2 (by saving mac to port relations). So far all good. However, when using a router for a LAN (ONLY for a LAN, not to connect it to "the outside" WAN/internet/etc) I get a bit confused as to how it internally processes packets. I would first split this into two router scenarios: Router with buit-in switch In this scenario, I would expect that it will act exactly as a switch with a CAM table internally. This would probably benefit a bit in speed (guessing here?) compared to the next option. Router without built-in switch Here is where I get confused. If hostA wants to send a packet to hostB, it will ARP to find hostB's MAC address and send it there. Now, if we had a switch (above scenario) this would be easy. But how does it work now in a router WITHOUT a switch? If I would guess, hostA would send an Ethernet frame with hostB's MAC address to the line. The router would fetch the packet (even though the router has another MAC address, it would still fetch this packet even if it only contains hostB's MAC address). It would strip the Ethernet frame header and check the IP, and then check its own internal ARP table again for the MAC address. Now, this would seem like a waste of resources compared to a router with a built-in switch. But maybe it does not work like that at all. Does it also contain a CAM table? If that would be true, what would then the difference between these two routers really be?

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• SQL Server Read Locking behavior

  - by Charles Bretana

  When SQL Server Books online says that "Shared (S) locks on a resource are released as soon as the read operation completes, unless the transaction isolation level is set to repeatable read or higher, or a locking hint is used to retain the shared (S) locks for the duration of the transaction." Assuming we're talking about a row-level lock, with no explicit transaction, at default isolation level (Read Committed), what does "read operation" refer to? The reading of a single row of data? The reading of a single 8k IO Page ? or until the the complete Select statement in which the lock was created has finished executing, no matter how many other rows are involved? NOTE: The reason I need to know this is we have a several second read-only select statement generated by a data layer web service, which creates page-level shared read locks, generating a deadlock due to conflicting with row-level exclusive update locks from a replication prcoess that keeps the server updated. The select statement is fairly large, with many sub-selects, and one DBA is proposing that we rewrite it to break it up into multiple smaller statements (shorter running pieces), "to cut down on how long the locks are held". As this assumes that the shared read locks are held till the complete select statement has finished, if that is wrong (if locks are released when the row, or the page is read) then that approach would have no effect whatsoever....

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• Why Would one VLAN have no Communication on one Switch?

  - by Webs

  So the problem is we have a device or host that needs to communicate on a specific VLAN. This VLAN is not new, it is running all throughout our environment and works fine. But the VLAN was recently configured on the switch in question, a Cisco 3750. The DHCP server is handing out addresses on that VLAN with no problem. I have verified the cable between the host and switch and tried multiple hosts, but none of them can communicate or get an address. I plugged my laptop into an empty port which had a different VLAN assigned and immediately got a DHCP address. When I changed that port to the same VLAN I'm having issues with I got the same problem. The laptop just sits there and tries to DHCP an address but nothing happens. I double checked the cores and their Layer 3 VLAN config and its fine too. Plus I figured the issue couldn't be with them because the VLAN works fine everywhere else it exists. So the only other thing I can think of is the switch, but the VLAN exists on the switch and seems to be configured correctly. The trunks appear to be configured just fine as well too. Anyone have any ideas? I'm lost on this one.

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• Mod_pagespeed, Varnish and Apache cache issues after new code pushes

  - by WerkkreW

  I have a rather strange issue. In my environment we are running a load balanced cluster of 8 apache servers with a master-master MySQL backend. In front of apache we have Varnish in the cache layer. We have been running Apache mod_pagespeed for several weeks now and for the most part it has been working great. The issue arises when we do fresh code updates from Git, and and/all of the JS/CSS assets change. Basically the problem appears to be two fold. One, after the code push we generally take the opportunity to flush varnish, restart apache, and restart varnish. In doing this all of the mod_pagespeed combinied/minified files are cleared out ensuring that all of the new JS/CSS assets are fresh. The problem is, upon doing this the file names that mod_pagespeed creates change, but the old files (appear) to be still cached for many people client side leading to very unexpected results. However, if we do not restart apache, the changes to the files may or may not appear client side due to the cached minified assets. The simple solution is to disable mod_pagespeed, however I would rather not do that as it has made a fairly large impact in performance. I feel as if there must be a better way to deal with the inconsistencies in cache between the client and server to prevent having people to go to great lengths or perform a large number of page refreshes to see a working page. I can provide configuration snippets if anyone needs them. If you would like to inspect the site, source, headers, or anything try the following addresses: http://wellplayed.org http://wellplayed.org/tv Thanks in advance!

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• Determining physical location of data on a disc

  - by Synetech

  Does anybody know of a way to find out where, physically on a CD or DVD a given piece of data would be located? I am trying to watch a DVD at the moment, and am about half-way through, but it keeps dying at a specific spot in the film, presumably because of a scratch. I have a repair kit, but I don’t know where to focus my repair because there are several scuffs and scratches on the disc and I have no way of knowing which one is causing the issue. Obviously, cleaning all of them is inadvisable because not only does it waste the consumable materials in the kit, but not all of them are a problem, and by working them, some may become unreadable. Moreover, just because I am half-way through the movie does not mean that it would be half-way from the hub to the edge for several reasons: Discs have more data towards the outer edge than the inner edge (circles are more mathematically complicated than rectangles) The disc is not completely filled up (and even if it were, the movie itself would be be using it all, there are extras and such) Because in this particular case it is a commercial DVD, it is also dual-layer which further complicates manual determination As such, I am trying to find a program that can let me identify a file (or part thereof), cluster, etc. and show me a picture of where on the CD/DVD it would be located. That way, I can look at the disc and fix any scratches that correspond to that distance from the hub. For example, the image below might indicate where on a disc a couple of files or range of clusters would be located, so by looking for anomalies in those areas (rotating as necessary), the correct one can be identified. I’m sure it can be done since at least one form of copy protection (DPM) uses it and DVD-lab Pro includes a “DVD Topology” feature to do this.

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• NFS on top of GFS2 - does it work?

  - by Matthew

  We're currently using a NoSQL derivative called Splunk to receive our data. The software supports something called "search head pooling" in which the job-dispatching engine is housed on several servers which share a common storage point. Originally our intention was to use a clustered filesystem like GFS2 because of low latency, stability, and ease of setup. We set up GFS2, and it's working with no issues. However when trying to run the software, it's trying to create lock files, and a bunch of other things that their support team can't quite explain. Ultimate feedback from them was that they only support NFS. Our network administration team heavily frowns on NFS (lack of stability, file lock issues, etc). So, I was thinking about the possibility of setting up NFS on each server in the cluster to act as a wedge layer between the GFS2 filesystem and the software. Basically configure each server to export the GFS2 filesystem's mountpoint via NFS, and then tell each server to connect to that NFS share. That way we aren't introducing any single-points-of-failure should a dedicated NFS server go down, but the vendor gets their "required" NFS share. I'm just brainstorming ways around, so please tear this apart :)

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• Linksys SFE2000 Interface

  - by boburob

  I have a real problem with a layer 3 Linksys switch. First, every time it looses power, it seems to reset back to an older config. Not only this, but when this happens it looses interface settings on one subnet. This would not be a problem but I am completely unable to get to the interface on the working side. It allows me to log on and then just displays a blank screen. I have tried this on: IE6 IE7 IE8 IE9 Firefox 3.5 Opera Chrome All with the same results, except for Opera, which loads half the interface but nothing I can really use. I really need to get onto this switch so I can sort out routing and VLAN tagged ports, so if anyone has any ideas on either of these issues please let me know ASAP! Thanks! Also, due to its location and my lack of laptops with serial connections I cannot putty into it. UPDATE: Looked into this a bit more and it looks like this model of switch does not save the current config to boot unless you make sure to save it yourself, which explains the first issue, however the broken interface is more worrying!

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• Network Sniffing and Hubs

  - by Chris_K

  This will likely seem naive to the experts... but it has been on my mind lately. For years I've been using ntop and a cheap 4 port hub to sniff client networks to determine who's doing what -- and how much. Great way to see what's going on when they call and say "Geeze, the network seems really slow today." No need to bring in a managed switch (or access the existing one) and no need to configure spanning or mirroring. I just drop in the hub inline where I want to measure. Lately I noticed it is just about impossible to buy a real honest-to-goodness hub anymore. While looking for a new one, I had someone tell me that I should be sure to get a full-duplex hub or I'd only be seeing half the traffic when I monitor. Really? I've been using a crusty old Netgear DS104 all this time. No clue if it is half or FD. Have I really been understating my measurements? I'm just not bright enough about the physical layer to really know... Side note: Just ordered a Dualcomm Ethernet Switch TAP as a hub replacement. Seems like a nifty gadget. Any notes or tips about it would be welcome in the comments :-)

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• Bind9 not doing anything with forwarded query responses?

  - by Rykaro

  I have a Bind DNS server that is the local production DNS server and a Windows 2008 R2 domain controller which provides DNS for a lab environment with the domain xyz.lab. I've configured the Bind DNS to forward DNS requests for the domain xyz.lab to the Windows DNS server with this config: zone "xyz.lab" { type forward; forward only; forwarders { x.x.x.x; }; }; zone "x.x.x.in-addr.arpa" { type forward; forward only; forwarders { x.x.x.x; }; }; And Bind options are (the all_internal acl includes the subnets of both the production and lab networks as well as the loopback of the bind server): allow-query { all_internal; }; allow-recursion { all_internal; }; allow-transfer { none; }; notify no; minimal-responses yes; version "unknown"; Unfortunately, when I do an nslookup or dig on the bind server for a host on the lab domain, the request times out. The logs on the Windows 2008 DNS server show it receiving the query and responding to it and a network packet trace shows the query responses arriving at the Bind DNS server. The servers reside on the same switch with a router providing connectivity between the layer 3 subnets (production and lab are on different subnets) and there is a round trip time of between 3ms and 5ms on pings between the two servers, so I don't think there is an issue with latency causing a timeout of the query. In summary a query-response arrives back at the Bind server and the nslookup/dig times-out. Why does the Bind DNS not seem to be doing anything with the query responses when it receives them?

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• Did Adobe Photoshop just killed my Graphics Card for good?

  - by user6004

  I was working with Adobe Photoshop, just some regular work, when I came to edit a PSD file and change the text of some layer, when all of a sudden the PC froze. No mouse, screen is frozen, keyboard strokes aren't getting me anything, no Task Manager, nada. So I rebooted my PC, and then something quite terrifying appeared before my eyes. It was not the Checkdisk utility that was launched, that made me terrified (by the way, that reboot damaged the partition table of an external HDD that was connected at the time to my PC, but that's another story). It was the screen itself. Please have a look. So after Checkdisk finished and Windows loaded, I noticed that the resolution was not right. Instead of 1440x900 which I had set, it was 1280x1024. When I went to change it back, I had no option to change back to my old resolution, and has only 3 other general resolution properties, as if my Video Card (GeForce 8800 GTS btw) was not recognized. And what do you know, in the Device Manager it appeared with an exclamation mark. Inside the hardware, it said this: Windows has stopped this device because it has reported problems. (Code 43) Uninstalling the drivers, downloading the newest drivers from NVIDIA and installing them did not work. It always comes back to this. So, do you have any advice before I go out and buy a new graphics card? I thought this was the only option left, but maybe the experts at Super User can help me out. By the way, the dotted screen appears after every reboot, and I see the dots when the ASUS Motherboard screen shows up at boot. Thanks in advance.

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• MAC-Address based routing

  - by d-fens

  Here is what i want to do: I have a bunch of systems, some might have the same Public-IP, i disable ARP. I have a Firewall (either IP Layer or bridge-FW) between these systems and the internet. Depending on the destination port of incoming IP-Packets to some of these Public-IPs i want to set the destinsation-Ethernet-Adress. So for instance System A has IP 8.8.8.8, mac de:ad:be:ef:de:ad, arp disabled System B has IP 8.8.8.8, mac 1f:1f:1f:1f:1f:1f, arp disabled Firewall has IP 8.8.8.1, arp disabled on that interface Incoming packet to IP 8.8.8.8 tcp dest port 100 Incoming packet to IP 8.8.8.8 tcp dest port 101 Firewall sets dest-mac for 1.) - de:ad:be:ef:de:ad Firewall sets dest-mac for 2.) - 1f:1f:1f:1f:1f:1f Second scenario: System A and System B establish outgoing TCP-Connections, and the firewall matches the dst-mac of the incoming IP-Packets (response packets) to the senders-mac address. is this possible in any way with linux and iptables? edit: i read ebtables might "work" in a hackish way for this purpose but i am not sure...

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• Too many connections to Sql Server 2008

  - by Luis Forero

  I have an application in C# Framework 4.0. Like many app this one connects to a data base to get information. In my case this database is SqlServer 2008 Express. The database is in my machine In my data layer I’m using Enterprise Library 5.0 When I publish my app in my local machine (App Pool Classic) Windows Professional IIS 7.5 The application works fine. I’m using this query to check the number of connections my application is creating when I’m testing it. SELECT db_name(dbid) as DatabaseName, count(dbid) as NoOfConnections, loginame as LoginName FROM sys.sysprocesses WHERE dbid > 0 AND db_name(dbid) = 'MyDataBase' GROUP BY dbid, loginame When I start testing the number of connection start growing but at some point the max number of connection is 26. I think that’s ok because the app works When I publish the app to TestMachine1 • XP Mode Virtual Machine (Windows XP Professional) • IIS 5.1 It works fine, the behavior is the same, the number of connections to the database increment to 24 or 26, after that they stay at that point no matter what I do in the application. The problem: When I publish to TestMachine2 (App Pool Classic) • Windows Server 2008 R2 • IIS 7.5 I start to test the application the number of connection to the database start to grow but this time they grow very rapidly and don’t stop growing at 24 or 26, the number of connections grow till the get to be 100 and the application stop working at that point. I have check for any difference on the publications, especially in Windows Professional and Windows Server and they seem with the same parameters and configurations. Any clues why this could be happening? , any suggestions?

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• Huge discrepancy in Inkscape file size

  - by Keyran

  When using Inkscape to create many pictures with common elements across them, I tend to copy the first SVG file I have created as many times as I need pictures, and then edit the copies. If I reuse files across projects, it can result in a file being copied and modified tens to hundreds of files. I have recently realized that the latest copies have a size between 29 and 60 MB, slowing my computer down significatively. My pictures are very simple, nothing that would normally go over 1 MB in size. As an experiment, I copied the entire content of one of the latest files into a new Inkscape file. I am certain that I have copied the content of the file entirely (I have only one layer and I used the "Select All" option). The new file has a size of 102,2 KB. This would indicate that about 30 MB of data per file is irrelevant to me. What could be the cause of this size difference ? Is there a way to reduce the size of a file without having to copy the content into a new file ? I am using Inkscape 0.48.4 on Debian Unstable. Thanks for any input you might be able to provide !

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• Windows user moving to Ubuntu 12.04. Where are the system tools, or equivalents?

  - by Big Endian

  I am a Windows user who has begun experimenting with Ubuntu. Ubuntu seems great, but for all the things it seems like I CAN'T do. How do I get to advanced administration stuff, like the list of drivers, all of the installed software, and something equivalent to Windows' Device Manager. I always heard that Linux was supposed to be very raw, and you had to have lots of computer experience to make it work. This seems just the opposite. Ubuntu seems very modern and user friendly, better in some regards than any operating system I have seen. Unfortunately, I can't find any of the guts of this system beneath all of the user friendly frosting... gunk... crap... stuff. I'm reminded more and more of an Apple computer (except Linux is more affordable :). So how do I peel back this layer and start using the computer? A solution other than installing Gnome 3 would be appreciated.

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• Hosting options for data-enabled web application

  - by Hertfordian

  I am independently developing an asp.net business application with a MySQL database. I currently have a Windows web hosting account which includes MySQL and MS SQL as installed supported options. I am not yet finally committed to using MySQL and I want to keep my options open to evaluate MS SQL and possibly other options such as PostGreSQL later when more of the business logic is in place - my data access layer will handle the database connectivity. The web hosting setup I have now is fine for development purposes, but if in future I want to use, say, PostGreSQL Server, and a level of usage of, say, 10,000 hits per day concentrated in business hours, I'm assuming I'll need a dedicated server. But in that case, should I just install PostGreSQL on the dedicated server, or is best practice to have a separate database server - perhaps locked down so that it can only be accessed through the web server? And supposing it was only 2000 hits a day - how would that change things? I'd appreciate it if anyone could point me in the direction of a useful guide to these sorts of issues. Naturally if I start paying for separate servers, I would like to know exactly why I'm doing it and what the performance issues and thresholds are.

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• Intermittent 403 errors when using allow to limit access to url with both explicit IP and SetEnvIf

  - by rbieber

  We are running Apache 2.2.22 on a Solaris 10 environment. We have a specific URL that we want to limit access to by IP. We recently implemented a CDN and now have the added complexity that the IP's that a request are shown to be coming from are actually the CDN servers and not the ultimate end user. In the case that we need to back the CDN out, we want to handle the case where either the CDN is forwarding the request, or the ultimate client is sending the request directly. The CDN sends the end user IP address in an HTTP header (for this scenario that header is called "User-IP"). Here is the configuration that we have put in place: SetEnvIf User-IP (\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+) REAL_USER_IP=$1 SetEnvIf REAL_USER_IP "(10\.1\.2\.3|192\.168\..+)" access_allowed=1 <Location /uri/> Order deny,allow Allow from 10.1.2.3 192.168. allow from env=access_allowed Deny from all </Location> This seems to work fine for a time, however at some point the web server starts serving 403 errors to the end user - so for some reason it is restricting access. The odd thing is that a bounce of the web server seems to resolve the issue, but only for a time - then the behavior comes back. It might be worthwhile to note as well that this URL is delegated to a JBoss server via mod_jk. The denial of access is, however; confirmed to be at the Apache layer and the issue only seems to happen after the server has been running for some time.

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