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  • Proper structure for many test cases in Python with unittest

    - by mellort
    I am looking into the unittest package, and I'm not sure of the proper way to structure my test cases when writing a lot of them for the same method. Say I have a fact function which calculates the factorial of a number; would this testing file be OK? import unittest class functions_tester(unittest.TestCase): def test_fact_1(self): self.assertEqual(1, fact(1)) def test_fact_2(self): self.assertEqual(2, fact(2)) def test_fact_3(self): self.assertEqual(6, fact(3)) def test_fact_4(self): self.assertEqual(24, fact(4)) def test_fact_5(self): self.assertFalse(1==fact(5)) def test_fact_6(self): self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, fact, -1) #fact(-1) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main() It seems sloppy to have so many test methods for one method. I'd like to just have one testing method and put a ton of basic test cases (ie 4! ==24, 3!==6, 5!==120, and so on), but unittest doesn't let you do that. What is the best way to structure a testing file in this scenario? Thanks in advance for the help.

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  • Regex replace (in Python) - a more simple way?

    - by Evan Fosmark
    Any time I want to replace a piece of text that is part of a larger piece of text, I always have to do something like: "(?P<start>some_pattern)(?P<replace>foo)(?P<end>end)" And then concatenate the start group with the new data for replace and then the end group. Is there a better method for this?

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  • Dynamic Operator Overloading on dict classes in Python

    - by Ishpeck
    I have a class that dynamically overloads basic arithmetic operators like so... import operator class IshyNum: def __init__(self, n): self.num=n self.buildArith() def arithmetic(self, other, o): return o(self.num, other) def buildArith(self): map(lambda o: setattr(self, "__%s__"%o,lambda f: self.arithmetic(f, getattr(operator, o))), ["add", "sub", "mul", "div"]) if __name__=="__main__": number=IshyNum(5) print number+5 print number/2 print number*3 print number-3 But if I change the class to inherit from the dictionary (class IshyNum(dict):) it doesn't work. I need to explicitly def __add__(self, other) or whatever in order for this to work. Why?

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  • Dynamically adding @property in python

    - by rz
    I know that I can dynamically add an instance method to an object by doing something like: import types def my_method(self): # logic of method # ... # instance is some instance of some class instance.my_method = types.MethodType(my_method, instance) Later on I can call instance.my_method() and self will be bound correctly and everything works. Now, my question: how to do the exact same thing to obtain the behavior that decorating the new method with @property would give? I would guess something like: instance.my_method = types.MethodType(my_method, instance) instance.my_method = property(instance.my_method) But, doing that instance.my_method returns a property object.

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  • PYTHON: Look for match in a nested list

    - by elfuego1
    Hello everybody, I have two nested lists of different sizes: A = [[1, 7, 3, 5], [5, 5, 14, 10]] B = [[1, 17, 3, 5], [1487, 34, 14, 74], [1487, 34, 3, 87], [141, 25, 14, 10]] I'd like to gather all nested lists from list B if A[2:4] == B[2:4] and put it into list L: L = [[1, 17, 3, 5], [141, 25, 14, 10]] Would you help me with this?

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  • Python and classes

    - by Artyom
    Hello, i have 2 classes. How i call first.TQ in Second ? Without creating object First in Second. class First: def __init__(self): self.str = "" def TQ(self): pass def main(self): T = Second(self.str) # Called here class Second(): def __init__(self): list = {u"RANDINT":first.TQ} # List of funcs maybe called in first ..... ..... return data

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  • Implement loops for python 3

    - by Alex
    Implement this loop: total up the product of the numbers from 1 to x. Implement this loop: total up the product of the numbers from a to b. Implement this loop: total up the sum of the numbers from a to b. Implement this loop: total up the sum of the numbers from 1 to x. Implement this loop: count the number of characters in a string s. i'm very lost on implementing loops these are just some examples that i am having trouble with-- if someone could help me understand how to do them that would be awesome

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  • Python and sqlite3 - importing and exporting databases

    - by JPC
    I'm trying to write a script to import a database file. I wrote the script to export the file like so: import sqlite3 con = sqlite3.connect('../sqlite.db') with open('../dump.sql', 'w') as f: for line in con.iterdump(): f.write('%s\n' % line) Now I want to be able to import that database. I tried: import sqlite3 con = sqlite3.connect('../sqlite.db') f = open('../dump.sql','r') str = f.read() con.execute(str) but I'm not allowed to execute more than one statement. Is there a way to get it to run a .sql script directly?

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  • Python string formatting too slow

    - by wich
    I use the following code to log a map, it is fast when it only contains zeroes, but as soon as there is actual data in the map it becomes unbearably slow... Is there any way to do this faster? log_file = open('testfile', 'w') for i, x in ((i, start + i * interval) for i in range(length)): log_file.write('%-5d %8.3f %13g %13g %13g %13g %13g %13g\n' % (i, x, map[0][i], map[1][i], map[2][i], map[3][i], map[4][i], map[5][i]))

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  • Django models & Python class attributes

    - by Geo
    The tutorial on the django website shows this code for the models: from django.db import models class Poll(models.Model): question = models.CharField(max_length=200) pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published') class Choice(models.Model): poll = models.ForeignKey(Poll) choice = models.CharField(max_length=200) votes = models.IntegerField() Now, each of those attribute, is a class attribute, right? So, the same attribute should be shared by all instances of the class. A bit later, they present this code: class Poll(models.Model): # ... def __unicode__(self): return self.question class Choice(models.Model): # ... def __unicode__(self): return self.choice How did they turn from class attributes into instance attributes? Did I get class attributes wrong?

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  • python: problem with dictionary get method default value

    - by goutham
    I'm having a new problem here .. CODE 1: try: urlParams += "%s=%s&"%(val['name'], data.get(val['name'], serverInfo_D.get(val['name']))) except KeyError: print "expected parameter not provided - "+val["name"]+" is missing" exit(0) CODE 2: try: urlParams += "%s=%s&"%(val['name'], data.get(val['name'], serverInfo_D[val['name']])) except KeyError: print "expected parameter not provided - "+val["name"]+" is missing" exit(0) see the diffrence in serverInfo_D[val['name']] & serverInfo_D.get(val['name']) code 2 fails but code 1 works the data serverInfo_D:{'user': 'usr', 'pass': 'pass'} data: {'par1': 9995, 'extraparam1': 22} val: {'par1','user','pass','extraparam1'} exception are raised for for data dict .. and all code in for loop which iterates over val

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  • Extra characters Extracted with XPath and Python (html)

    - by Nacari
    I have been using XPath with scrapy to extract text from html tags online, but when I do I get extra characters attached. An example is trying to extract a number, like "204" from a <td> tag and getting [u'204']. In some cases its much worse. For instance trying to extract "1 - Mathoverflow" and instead getting [u'\r\n\t\t 1 \u2013 MathOverflow\r\n\t\t ']. Is there a way to prevent this, or trim the strings so that the extra characters arent a part of the string? (using items to store the data). It looks like it has something to do with formatting, so how do I get xpath to not pick up that stuff?

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  • Python/Django Concatenate a string depending on whether that string exists

    - by Douglas Meehan
    I'm creating a property on a Django model called "address". I want address to consist of the concatenation of a number of fields I have on my model. The problem is that not all instances of this model will have values for all of these fields. So, I want to concatenate only those fields that have values. What is the best/most Pythonic way to do this? Here are the relevant fields from the model: house = models.IntegerField('House Number', null=True, blank=True) suf = models.CharField('House Number Suffix', max_length=1, null=True, blank=True) unit = models.CharField('Address Unit', max_length=7, null=True, blank=True) stex = models.IntegerField('Address Extention', null=True, blank=True) stdir = models.CharField('Street Direction', max_length=254, null=True, blank=True) stnam = models.CharField('Street Name', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True) stdes = models.CharField('Street Designation', max_length=3, null=True, blank=True) stdessuf = models.CharField('Street Designation Suffix',max_length=1, null=True, blank=True) I could just do something like this: def _get_address(self): return "%s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s" % (self.house, self.suf, self.unit, self.stex, self.stdir, self.stname, self.stdes, self.stdessuf) but then there would be extra blank spaces in the result. I could do a series of if statements and concatenate within each, but that seems ugly. What's the best way to handle this situation? Thanks.

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  • Unique elements of list within list in python

    - by user2901061
    We are given a list of animals in different zoos and need to find which zoos have animals that are not in any others. The animals of each zoo are separated by spaces, and each zoo is originally separated by a comma. I am currently enumerating over all of the zoos to split each animal and create lists within lists for different zoos as such: for i, zoo in enumerate(zoos): zoos[i] = zoo.split() However, I then do not know how to tell and count how many of the zoos have unique animals. I figure it is something else with enumerate and possibly sets, but cannot get it down exactly. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks

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  • Sorting Python list based on the length of the string

    - by prosseek
    I want to sort a list of strings based on the string length. I tried to use sort as follows, but it doesn't seem to give me correct result. xs = ['dddd','a','bb','ccc'] print xs xs.sort(lambda x,y: len(x) < len(y)) print xs ['dddd', 'a', 'bb', 'ccc'] ['dddd', 'a', 'bb', 'ccc'] What might be wrong?

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  • Python and database

    - by axl456
    hello.. Am working on a personal project, where i need to manipulate values in a database-like format.. Up until now, am using dictionaries, tuples, and list to store and consult those values. Am thinking about starting to use SQL to manipulate those values, but I dont know if its worth the effort, because I dont know anything about SQL, and I dont want to use something that wont bring me any benefits (if I can do it in a simpler way, i dont want to complicate things) if am only storing and consulting values, what would be the benefit of using SQL? PS: the numbers of row goes between 3 and 100 and the number of columns is around 10 (some may have 5 some may have 10 etc)

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  • os.walk in python not running with cmd line parameter passed as path

    - by kartiku
    Hello, I needed to find the number of files in a folder on the system. This is what i used: file_count = sum((len(f) for _, _, f in os.walk('path'))) This works fine when we specify the path as a string in quotes, but when I enter a variable name that holds the path, type(file_count) is a generator object, and hence cannot be used as an integer. How to solve this and why does this happen?

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  • Python 4 steps setup with progressBars

    - by Samuel Taylor
    I'm having a problem with the code below. When I run it the progress bar will pulse for around 10 secs as meant to and then move on to downloading and will show the progress but when finished it will not move on to the next step it just locks up. import sys import time import pygtk import gtk import gobject import threading import urllib import urlparse class WorkerThread(threading.Thread): def __init__ (self, function, parent, arg = None): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.function = function self.parent = parent self.arg = arg self.parent.still_working = True def run(self): # when does "run" get executed? self.parent.still_working = True if self.arg == None: self.function() else: self.function(self.arg) self.parent.still_working = False def stop(self): self = None class MainWindow: def __init__(self): gtk.gdk.threads_init() self.wTree = gtk.Builder() self.wTree.add_from_file("gui.glade") self.mainWindows() def mainWindows(self): self.mainWindow = self.wTree.get_object("frmMain") dic = { "on_btnNext_clicked" : self.mainWindowNext, } self.wTree.connect_signals(dic) self.mainWindow.show() self.installerStep = 0 # 0 = none, 1 = preinstall, 2 = download, 3 = install info, 4 = install #gtk.main() self.mainWindowNext() def pulse(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").pulse() if self.still_working == False: self.mainWindowNext() return self.still_working def preinstallStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 1 WT = WorkerThread(self.heavyWork, self) #Would do a heavy function here like setup some thing WT.start() gobject.timeout_add(75, self.pulse) def downloadStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 2 urllib.urlretrieve('http://mozilla.mirrors.evolva.ro//firefox/releases/3.6.3/win32/en-US/Firefox%20Setup%203.6.3.exe', '/tmp/firefox.exe', self.updateHook) self.mainWindowNext() def updateHook(self, blocks, blockSize, totalSize): percentage = float ( blocks * blockSize ) / totalSize if percentage > 1: percentage = 1 self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(percentage) while gtk.events_pending(): gtk.main_iteration() def installInfoStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(1) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(1) self.installerStep = 3 def installStep(self): self.wTree.get_object("progress").set_fraction(0) self.wTree.get_object("btnNext").set_sensitive(0) self.wTree.get_object("notebook1").set_current_page(0) self.installerStep = 4 WT = WorkerThread(self.heavyWork, self) #Would do a heavy function here like setup some thing WT.start() gobject.timeout_add(75, self.pulse) def mainWindowNext(self, widget = None): if self.installerStep == 0: self.preinstallStep() elif self.installerStep == 1: self.downloadStep() elif self.installerStep == 2: self.installInfoStep() elif self.installerStep == 3: self.installStep() elif self.installerStep == 4: sys.exit(0) def heavyWork(self): time.sleep(10) if __name__ == '__main__': MainWindow() gtk.main() I have a feeling that its something to do with: while gtk.events_pending(): gtk.main_iteration() Is there a better way of doing this?

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  • Cant overload python socket.send

    - by ralu
    Code from socket import socket class PolySocket(socket): def __init__(self,*p): print "PolySocket init" socket.__init__(self,*p) def sendall(self,*p): print "PolySocket sendall" return socket.sendall(self,*p) def send(self,*p): print "PolySocket send" return socket.send(self,*p) def connect(self,*p): print "connecting..." socket.connect(self,*p) print "connected" HOST="stackoverflow.com" PORT=80 readbuffer="" s=PolySocket() s.connect((HOST, PORT)) s.send("a") s.sendall("a") Output: PolySocket init connecting... connected PolySocket sendall As we can see, send method is not overloaded.

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  • python - from matrix to dictionary in single line

    - by Sanich
    matrix is a list of lists. I've to return a dictionary of the form {i:(l1[i],l2[i],...,lm[i])} Where the key i is matched with a tuple the i'th elements from each list. Say matrix=[[1,2,3,4],[9,8,7,6],[4,8,2,6]] so the line: >>> dict([(i,tuple(matrix[k][i] for k in xrange(len(matrix)))) for i in xrange(len(matrix[0]))]) does the job pretty well and outputs: {0: (1, 9, 4), 1: (2, 8, 8), 2: (3, 7, 2), 3: (4, 6, 6)} but fails if the matrix is empty: matrix=[]. The output should be: {} How can i deal with this?

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  • supply inputs to python unittests

    - by zubin71
    I`m relatively new to the concept of unit-testing and have very little experience in the same. I have been looking at lots of articles on how to write unit-tests; however, I still have difficulty in writing tests where conditions like the following arise:- Test user Input. Test input read from a file. Test input read from an environment variable. Itd be great if someone could show me how to approach the above mentioned scenarios; itd still be awesome if you could point me to a few docs/articles/blog posts which I could read.

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