client profile - Page 177

Will cookie be available when javascript is disabled at client side?

- by user198729

This is one of the questions I'm asked in the interview today, but I'm not sure of the answer.

How to get the value of a textbox modified by asp.net ajax from client side(by javascript)?

I have a textbox in a asp.net update control. When I click a button on the webpage, the value of this textbox got modified. And I want to use javascript to get the modified value. The code I use was: var kmlString = document.getElementById('<%=TextBox1.ClientID%>').getAttribute("value"); It only got the original value of my textbox. I am wondering how can I get the latest value of the textbox through javascript. The browsers I intent to use is Firefox and Safari. So it would be great if the script can work for both browsers. Thanks very much!

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What are the reasons why outlook looses configurations?

- by jnroche

Can't seem to establish any logic why outlook suddenly looses its profile coniguration settings intermittently. I work for an IT Contact Centre but it hurts when someone asks me why they loose their outlook profiles suddenly, and some most of the time. I know there are lots of reasons but I'm not sure which ones are the best. Could it be that the PC in a hurge corporate organization will not be connected to the network properly so the profile gets corrupted for outlook? But they don't usually shut down the PC after office hours due to the fact that its a 24 hours operations. On top of that, when users are migrated to Windows 7 / Office 2010 and then logs on to this pc, then opens outlook, then logs off then goes back to a Windows XP PC and opens outlook 2003 the profile is again lost. Again why is this? Is there anyone out there whose facing same connection/outlook profile issues getting lost for no apparent reason?

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Revisiting ANTS Performance Profiler 7.4

- by James Michael Hare

Last year, I did a small review on the ANTS Performance Profiler 6.3, now that it’s a year later and a major version number higher, I thought I’d revisit the review and revise my last post. This post will take the same examples as the original post and update them to show what’s new in version 7.4 of the profiler. Background A performance profiler’s main job is to keep track of how much time is typically spent in each unit of code. This helps when we have a program that is not running at the performance we expect, and we want to know where the program is experiencing issues. There are many profilers out there of varying capabilities. Red Gate’s typically seem to be the very easy to “jump in” and get started with very little training required. So let’s dig into the Performance Profiler. I’ve constructed a very crude program with some obvious inefficiencies. It’s a simple program that generates random order numbers (or really could be any unique identifier), adds it to a list, sorts the list, then finds the max and min number in the list. Ignore the fact it’s very contrived and obviously inefficient, we just want to use it as an example to show off the tool: 1: // our test program 2: public static class Program 3: { 4: // the number of iterations to perform 5: private static int _iterations = 1000000; 6: 7: // The main method that controls it all 8: public static void Main() 9: { 10: var list = new List<string>(); 11: 12: for (int i = 0; i < _iterations; i++) 13: { 14: var x = GetNextId(); 15: 16: AddToList(list, x); 17: 18: var highLow = GetHighLow(list); 19: 20: if ((i % 1000) == 0) 21: { 22: Console.WriteLine("{0} - High: {1}, Low: {2}", i, highLow.Item1, highLow.Item2); 23: Console.Out.Flush(); 24: } 25: } 26: } 27: 28: // gets the next order id to process (random for us) 29: public static string GetNextId() 30: { 31: var random = new Random(); 32: var num = random.Next(1000000, 9999999); 33: return num.ToString(); 34: } 35: 36: // add it to our list - very inefficiently! 37: public static void AddToList(List<string> list, string item) 38: { 39: list.Add(item); 40: list.Sort(); 41: } 42: 43: // get high and low of order id range - very inefficiently! 44: public static Tuple<int,int> GetHighLow(List<string> list) 45: { 46: return Tuple.Create(list.Max(s => Convert.ToInt32(s)), list.Min(s => Convert.ToInt32(s))); 47: } 48: } So let’s run it through the profiler and see what happens! Visual Studio Integration First, let’s look at how the ANTS profilers integrate with Visual Studio’s menu system. Once you install the ANTS profilers, you will get an ANTS menu item with several options: Notice that you can either Profile Performance or Launch ANTS Performance Profiler. These sound similar but achieve two slightly different actions: Profile Performance: this immediately launches the profiler with all defaults selected to profile the active project in Visual Studio. Launch ANTS Performance Profiler: this launches the profiler much the same way as starting it from the Start Menu. The profiler will pre-populate the application and path information, but allow you to change the settings before beginning the profile run. So really, the main difference is that Profile Performance immediately begins profiling with the default selections, where Launch ANTS Performance Profiler allows you to change the defaults and attach to an already-running application. Let’s Fire it Up! So when you fire up ANTS either via Start Menu or Launch ANTS Performance Profiler menu in Visual Studio, you are presented with a very simple dialog to get you started: Notice you can choose from many different options for application type. You can profile executables, services, web applications, or just attach to a running process. In fact, in version 7.4 we see two new options added: ASP.NET Web Application (IIS Express) SharePoint web application (IIS) So this gives us an additional way to profile ASP.NET applications and the ability to profile SharePoint applications as well. You can also choose your level of detail in the Profiling Mode drop down. If you choose Line-Level and method-level timings detail, you will get a lot more detail on the method durations, but this will also slow down profiling somewhat. If you really need the profiler to be as unintrusive as possible, you can change it to Sample method-level timings. This is performing very light profiling, where basically the profiler collects timings of a method by examining the call-stack at given intervals. Which method you choose depends a lot on how much detail you need to find the issue and how sensitive your program issues are to timing. So for our example, let’s just go with the line and method timing detail. So, we check that all the options are correct (if you launch from VS2010, the executable and path are filled in already), and fire it up by clicking the [Start Profiling] button. Profiling the Application Once you start profiling the application, you will see a real-time graph of CPU usage that will indicate how much your application is using the CPU(s) on your system. During this time, you can select segments of the graph and bookmark them, giving them mnemonic names. This can be useful if you want to compare performance in one part of the run to another part of the run. Notice that once you select a block, it will give you the call tree breakdown for that selection only, and the relative performance of those calls. Once you feel you have collected enough information, you can click [Stop Profiling] to stop the application run and information collection and begin a more thorough analysis. Analyzing Method Timings So now that we’ve halted the run, we can look around the GUI and see what we can see. By default, the times are shown in terms of percentage of time of the total run of the application, though you can change it in the View menu item to milliseconds, ticks, or seconds as well. This won’t affect the percentages of methods, it only affects what units the times are shown. Notice also that the major hotspot seems to be in a method without source, ANTS Profiler will filter these out by default, but you can right-click on the line and remove the filter to see more detail. This proves especially handy when a bottleneck is due to a method in the BCL. So now that we’ve removed the filter, we see a bit more detail: In addition, ANTS Performance Profiler gives you the ability to decompile the methods without source so that you can dive even deeper, though typically this isn’t necessary for our purposes. When looking at timings, there are generally two types of timings for each method call: Time: This is the time spent ONLY in this method, not including calls this method makes to other methods. Time With Children: This is the total of time spent in both this method AND including calls this method makes to other methods. In other words, the Time tells you how much work is being done exclusively in this method, and the Time With Children tells you how much work is being done inclusively in this method and everything it calls. You can also choose to display the methods in a tree or in a grid. The tree view is the default and it shows the method calls arranged in terms of the tree representing all method calls and the parent method that called them, etc. This is useful for when you find a hot-spot method, you can see who is calling it to determine if the problem is the method itself, or if it is being called too many times. The grid method represents each method only once with its totals and is useful for quickly seeing what method is the trouble spot. In addition, you can choose to display Methods with source which are generally the methods you wrote (as opposed to native or BCL code), or Any Method which shows not only your methods, but also native calls, JIT overhead, synchronization waits, etc. So these are just two ways of viewing the same data, and you’re free to choose the organization that best suits what information you are after. Analyzing Method Source If we look at the timings above, we see that our AddToList() method (and in particular, it’s call to the List<T>.Sort() method in the BCL) is the hot-spot in this analysis. If ANTS sees a method that is consuming the most time, it will flag it as a hot-spot to help call out potential areas of concern. This doesn’t mean the other statistics aren’t meaningful, but that the hot-spot is most likely going to be your biggest bang-for-the-buck to concentrate on. So let’s select the AddToList() method, and see what it shows in the source window below: Notice the source breakout in the bottom pane when you select a method (from either tree or grid view). This shows you the timings in this method per line of code. This gives you a major indicator of where the trouble-spot in this method is. So in this case, we see that performing a Sort() on the List<T> after every Add() is killing our performance! Of course, this was a very contrived, duh moment, but you’d be surprised how many performance issues become duh moments. Note that this one line is taking up 86% of the execution time of this application! If we eliminate this bottleneck, we should see drastic improvement in the performance. So to fix this, if we still wanted to maintain the List<T> we’d have many options, including: delay Sort() until after all Add() methods, using a SortedSet, SortedList, or SortedDictionary depending on which is most appropriate, or forgoing the sorting all together and using a Dictionary. Rinse, Repeat! So let’s just change all instances of List<string> to SortedSet<string> and run this again through the profiler: Now we see the AddToList() method is no longer our hot-spot, but now the Max() and Min() calls are! This is good because we’ve eliminated one hot-spot and now we can try to correct this one as well. As before, we can then optimize this part of the code (possibly by taking advantage of the fact the list is now sorted and returning the first and last elements). We can then rinse and repeat this process until we have eliminated as many bottlenecks as possible. Calls by Web Request Another feature that was added recently is the ability to view .NET methods grouped by the HTTP requests that caused them to run. This can be helpful in determining which pages, web services, etc. are causing hot spots in your web applications. Summary If you like the other ANTS tools, you’ll like the ANTS Performance Profiler as well. It is extremely easy to use with very little product knowledge required to get up and running. There are profilers built into the higher product lines of Visual Studio, of course, which are also powerful and easy to use. But for quickly jumping in and finding hot spots rapidly, Red Gate’s Performance Profiler 7.4 is an excellent choice. Technorati Tags: Influencers,ANTS,Performance Profiler,Profiler

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Selecting Your Theme

- by Ruth

Would you like to personalize CRM On Demand? You can quite easily with CRM On Demand Release 17. Whether your company wants a custom theme that matches your company brand, or you have a preference about the look and feel of the application, you can select your theme in a few clicks. If you are interested in creating a custom theme, take a look at the Themes - Create Your CRM Style blog article. Selecting Your Company Theme If you are the company administrator, you can select the company theme from the company profile. Click the Admin link. Navigate to Company Administration Company Profile. In the Company Theme Setting section, click the Theme Name field to select a new theme. Selecting Your Personal Theme Even if you are not an administrator, you can select a theme for CRM On Demand on your computer. Your company may not allow access to this option, so talk to your company administrator if you are unable to select your theme. Click the My Setup link. Click the My Profile link. Click the Personal Profile link. In the Additional Information section, select the theme that you want in the Theme Name picklist. Here are some standard themes to help you find the look that you want:

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A New Year’s Celebration in June

- by Kristin Rose

Happy Oracle New Year Everyone! Last week marked the official start to FY13 and we could not be more pleased with all that lies ahead this quarter, and all that we accomplished in the last…especially our newly updated Oracle PartnerNetwork (OPN) Solutions Catalog. If you thought it was great before, just wait until you see it now. We are ringing in our New Year right by fully equipping partners with the necessary tools they need to have another successful year. The Solutions Catalog will help draw attention to your partner services and offerings, highlighting your expertise. The Solutions Catalog is a centralized and easy way to navigate this customer friendly site. Some of the exciting advancements include: A streamlined search interface A robust lead capture tool that requests the contact information of potential customers A professional display of customer recommendations to showcase your skill set A partner dashboard with enhanced profile creation and an improved publication process Most exciting of all, updating your profile is easier than ever with the updated partner dashboard. Keeping your partner profile up to date will help to ensure customers are looking at the correct information about your company, and can easily stay on-top of any new developments or Specializations you receive. So don’t cut yourself short, be sure to update your profile today if you haven’t already done so. For more information on the exciting upgrades available to you, visit the ‘Resources for Partners’ page or watch Takane Aizeki, Principle Portal Manager at Oracle, walk through the upgraded Solutions Catalog and the different ways to showcase your value as an Oracle solution provider. Cheers,Lydia SmyersGroup Vice PresidentWWA&C and Communications

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Enable Diagnostics in Oracle apps

- by PRajkumar

How to enable Oracle apps Diagnostics-> Examine, for certain users? Steps 1 Navigate to System Administrator responsibility> Profile> System> Steps 2 Enter profile name: Utilities:Diagnostics Enter Application User for whom you want to enable Diagnostics-> Examine Steps 3 Give Yes at User level and Save the Changes Note – You can set Yes at Site level also if you want to enable this option for all Oracle application users Steps 4 Again navigate to System Administrator responsibility> Profile> System> Enter profile name: Hide Diagnostics menu entry Enter Application User for whom you do not want to hide Diagnostics menu entry Steps 5 Give No at User level and Save the Changes Note – You can set No at Site level also if you do not want to hide menu entry option for all Oracle application users Steps 6 Congratulations you have successfully enabled Diagnostics-> Examine Logout from Oracle Application and login again. Now can see Diagnostics-> Examine option

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Should I indicate that the user exists or was deleted on the error page?

- by animuson

On an ordinary public website, the user's profile is always publicly visible to all visitors (such as Stack Overflow), where they can limit certain pieces of information via privacy settings or just removing the information. Now the user has decided to delete their account (in my case deactivate) so that their account doesn't technically "exist" anymore. The way my system is set up, when their account is deactivated, their username for any content connected to them just becomes "Anonymous User" as if it were a guest that posted. I feel like this could cause some confusion for other users. I'm also concerned about what kind of error to display when someone attempts to view their profile page. My gut tells me to just display a standard 404 page to hide the fact that they ever existed, but then you also have to consider that, since usernames must be unique, anyone can go to the register page and type in the username to see if it really exists or not. I have a similar problem with another website, which gives users the ability to hide their profiles from the public and only allow registered users to view it. Again it's with the dilemma of what kind of error message to display when an unregistered users attempts to view their profile with invalid permissions. So, would it be acceptable to display basic errors such as "user has been deactivated" or "you must be logged in to view this profile" in order to give other visitors some idea of why the page can't be displayed, or should I attempt to cover the user's privacy a little and just display a standard 404 without indicating in any way that the user might exist? Are there any other issues that I'm not realizing about either route? To go back to the beginning, should I even bother changing the user's name to "Anonymous User" when their account is deactivated? Would it be acceptable to just display a non-linked version of their username in place of the normal linked display name?

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Restful Services, oData, and Rest Sharp

- by jkrebsbach

After a great presentation by Jason Sheehan at MDC about RestSharp, I decided to implement it. RestSharp is a .Net framework for consuming restful data sources via either Json or XML. My first step was to put together a Restful data source for RestSharp to consume. Staying entirely withing .Net, I decided to use Microsoft's oData implementation, built on System.Data.Services.DataServices. Natively, these support Json, or atom+pub xml. (XML with a few bells and whistles added on) There are three main steps for creating an oData data source: 1) override CreateDSPMetaData This is where the metadata data is returned. The meta data defines the structure of the data to return. The structure contains the relationships between data objects, along with what properties the objects expose. The meta data can and should be somehow cached so that the structure is not rebuild with every data request. 2) override CreateDataSource The context contains the data the data source will publish. This method is the conduit which will populate the metadata objects to be returned to the requestor. 3) implement static InitializeService At this point we can set up security, along with setting up properties of the web service (versioning, etc) Here is a web service which publishes stock prices for various Products (stocks) in various Categories. namespace RestService { public class RestServiceImpl : DSPDataService<DSPContext> { private static DSPContext _context; private static DSPMetadata _metadata; /// <summary> /// Populate traversable data source /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> protected override DSPContext CreateDataSource() { if (_context == null) { _context = new DSPContext(); Category utilities = new Category(0); utilities.Name = "Electric"; Category financials = new Category(1); financials.Name = "Financial"; IList products = _context.GetResourceSetEntities("Products"); Product electric = new Product(0, utilities); electric.Name = "ABC Electric"; electric.Description = "Electric Utility"; electric.Price = 3.5; products.Add(electric); Product water = new Product(1, utilities); water.Name = "XYZ Water"; water.Description = "Water Utility"; water.Price = 2.4; products.Add(water); Product banks = new Product(2, financials); banks.Name = "FatCat Bank"; banks.Description = "A bank that's almost too big"; banks.Price = 19.9; // This will never get to the client products.Add(banks); IList categories = _context.GetResourceSetEntities("Categories"); categories.Add(utilities); categories.Add(financials); utilities.Products.Add(electric); utilities.Products.Add(electric); financials.Products.Add(banks); } return _context; } /// <summary> /// Setup rules describing published data structure - relationships between data, /// key field, other searchable fields, etc. /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> protected override DSPMetadata CreateDSPMetadata() { if (_metadata == null) { _metadata = new DSPMetadata("DemoService", "DataServiceProviderDemo"); // Define entity type product ResourceType product = _metadata.AddEntityType(typeof(Product), "Product"); _metadata.AddKeyProperty(product, "ProductID"); // Only add properties we wish to share with end users _metadata.AddPrimitiveProperty(product, "Name"); _metadata.AddPrimitiveProperty(product, "Description"); EntityPropertyMappingAttribute att = new EntityPropertyMappingAttribute("Name", SyndicationItemProperty.Title, SyndicationTextContentKind.Plaintext, true); product.AddEntityPropertyMappingAttribute(att); att = new EntityPropertyMappingAttribute("Description", SyndicationItemProperty.Summary, SyndicationTextContentKind.Plaintext, true); product.AddEntityPropertyMappingAttribute(att); // Define products as a set of product entities ResourceSet products = _metadata.AddResourceSet("Products", product); // Define entity type category ResourceType category = _metadata.AddEntityType(typeof(Category), "Category"); _metadata.AddKeyProperty(category, "CategoryID"); _metadata.AddPrimitiveProperty(category, "Name"); _metadata.AddPrimitiveProperty(category, "Description"); // Define categories as a set of category entities ResourceSet categories = _metadata.AddResourceSet("Categories", category); att = new EntityPropertyMappingAttribute("Name", SyndicationItemProperty.Title, SyndicationTextContentKind.Plaintext, true); category.AddEntityPropertyMappingAttribute(att); att = new EntityPropertyMappingAttribute("Description", SyndicationItemProperty.Summary, SyndicationTextContentKind.Plaintext, true); category.AddEntityPropertyMappingAttribute(att); // A product has a category, a category has products _metadata.AddResourceReferenceProperty(product, "Category", categories); _metadata.AddResourceSetReferenceProperty(category, "Products", products); } return _metadata; } /// <summary> /// Based on the requesting user, can set up permissions to Read, Write, etc. /// </summary> /// <param name="config"></param> public static void InitializeService(DataServiceConfiguration config) { config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("*", EntitySetRights.All); config.DataServiceBehavior.MaxProtocolVersion = DataServiceProtocolVersion.V2; config.DataServiceBehavior.AcceptProjectionRequests = true; } } } The objects prefixed with DSP come from the samples on the oData site: http://www.odata.org/developers The products and categories objects are POCO business objects with no special modifiers. Three main options are available for defining the MetaData of data sources in .Net: 1) Generate Entity Data model (Potentially directly from SQL Server database). This requires the least amount of manual interaction, and uses the edmx WYSIWYG editor to generate a data model. This can be directly tied to the SQL Server database and generated from the database if you want a data access layer tightly coupled with your database. 2) Object model decorations. If you already have a POCO data layer, you can decorate your objects with properties to statically inform the compiler how the objects are related. The disadvantage is there are now tags strewn about your business layer that need to be updated as the business rules change. 3) Programmatically construct metadata object. This is the object illustrated above in CreateDSPMetaData. This puts all relationship information into one central programmatic location. Here business rules are constructed when the DSPMetaData response object is returned. Once you have your service up and running, RestSharp is designed for XML / Json, along with the native Microsoft library. There are currently some differences between how Jason made RestSharp expect XML with how atom+pub works, so I found better results currently with the Json implementation - modifying the RestSharp XML parser to make an atom+pub parser is fairly trivial though, so use what implementation works best for you. I put together a sample console app which calls the RestSvcImpl.svc service defined above (and assumes it to be running on port 2000). I used both RestSharp as a client, and also the default Microsoft oData client tools. namespace RestConsole { class Program { private static DataServiceContext _ctx; private enum DemoType { Xml, Json } static void Main(string[] args) { // Microsoft implementation _ctx = new DataServiceContext(new System.Uri("http://localhost:2000/RestServiceImpl.svc")); var msProducts = RunQuery<Product>("Products").ToList(); var msCategory = RunQuery<Category>("/Products(0)/Category").AsEnumerable().Single(); var msFilteredProducts = RunQuery<Product>("/Products?$filter=length(Name) ge 4").ToList(); // RestSharp implementation DemoType demoType = DemoType.Json; var client = new RestClient("http://localhost:2000/RestServiceImpl.svc"); client.ClearHandlers(); // Remove all available handlers // Set up handler depending on what situation dictates if (demoType == DemoType.Json) client.AddHandler("application/json", new RestSharp.Deserializers.JsonDeserializer()); else if (demoType == DemoType.Xml) { client.AddHandler("application/atom+xml", new RestSharp.Deserializers.XmlDeserializer()); } var request = new RestRequest(); if (demoType == DemoType.Json) request.RootElement = "d"; // service root element for json else if (demoType == DemoType.Xml) { request.XmlNamespace = "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"; } // Return all products request.Resource = "/Products?$orderby=Name"; RestResponse<List<Product>> productsResp = client.Execute<List<Product>>(request); List<Product> products = productsResp.Data; // Find category for product with ProductID = 1 request.Resource = string.Format("/Products(1)/Category"); RestResponse<Category> categoryResp = client.Execute<Category>(request); Category category = categoryResp.Data; // Specialized queries request.Resource = string.Format("/Products?$filter=ProductID eq {0}", 1); RestResponse<Product> productResp = client.Execute<Product>(request); Product product = productResp.Data; request.Resource = string.Format("/Products?$filter=Name eq '{0}'", "XYZ Water"); productResp = client.Execute<Product>(request); product = productResp.Data; } private static IEnumerable<TElement> RunQuery<TElement>(string queryUri) { try { return _ctx.Execute<TElement>(new Uri(queryUri, UriKind.Relative)); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } } } Feel free to step through the code a few times and to attach a debugger to the service as well to see how and where the context and metadata objects are constructed and returned. Pay special attention to the response object being returned by the oData service - There are several properties of the RestRequest that can be used to help troubleshoot when the structure of the response is not exactly what would be expected.

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Network communications mechanisms for SQL Server

- by Akshay Deep Lamba

Problem I am trying to understand how SQL Server communicates on the network, because I'm having to tell my networking team what ports to open up on the firewall for an edge web server to communicate back to the SQL Server on the inside. What do I need to know? Solution In order to understand what needs to be opened where, let's first talk briefly about the two main protocols that are in common use today: TCP - Transmission Control Protocol UDP - User Datagram Protocol Both are part of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. We'll start with TCP. TCP TCP is the main protocol by which clients communicate with SQL Server. Actually, it is more correct to say that clients and SQL Server use Tabular Data Stream (TDS), but TDS actually sits on top of TCP and when we're talking about Windows and firewalls and other networking devices, that's the protocol that rules and controls are built around. So we'll just speak in terms of TCP. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. What that means is that the two systems negotiate the connection and both agree to it. Think of it like a phone call. While one person initiates the phone call, the other person has to agree to take it and both people can end the phone call at any time. TCP is the same way. Both systems have to agree to the communications, but either side can end it at any time. In addition, there is functionality built into TCP to ensure that all communications can be disassembled and reassembled as necessary so it can pass over various network devices and be put together again properly in the right order. It also has mechanisms to handle and retransmit lost communications. Because of this functionality, TCP is the protocol used by many different network applications. The way the applications all can share is through the use of ports. When a service, like SQL Server, comes up on a system, it must listen on a port. For a default SQL Server instance, the default port is 1433. Clients connect to the port via the TCP protocol, the connection is negotiated and agreed to, and then the two sides can transfer information as needed until either side decides to end the communication. In actuality, both sides will have a port to use for the communications, but since the client's port is typically determined semi-randomly, when we're talking about firewalls and the like, typically we're interested in the port the server or service is using. UDP UDP, unlike TCP, is not connection oriented. A "client" can send a UDP communications to anyone it wants. There's nothing in place to negotiate a communications connection, there's nothing in the protocol itself to coordinate order of communications or anything like that. If that's needed, it's got to be handled by the application or by a protocol built on top of UDP being used by the application. If you think of TCP as a phone call, think of UDP as a postcard. I can put a postcard in the mail to anyone I want, and so long as it is addressed properly and has a stamp on it, the postal service will pick it up. Now, what happens it afterwards is not guaranteed. There's no mechanism for retransmission of lost communications. It's great for short communications that doesn't necessarily need an acknowledgement. Because multiple network applications could be communicating via UDP, it uses ports, just like TCP. The SQL Browser or the SQL Server Listener Service uses UDP. Network Communications - Talking to SQL Server When an instance of SQL Server is set up, what TCP port it listens on depends. A default instance will be set up to listen on port 1433. A named instance will be set to a random port chosen during installation. In addition, a named instance will be configured to allow it to change that port dynamically. What this means is that when a named instance starts up, if it finds something already using the port it normally uses, it'll pick a new port. If you have a named instance, and you have connections coming across a firewall, you're going to want to use SQL Server Configuration Manager to set a static port. This will allow the networking and security folks to configure their devices for maximum protection. While you can change the network port for a default instance of SQL Server, most people don't. Network Communications - Finding a SQL Server When just the name is specified for a client to connect to SQL Server, for instance, MySQLServer, this is an attempt to connect to the default instance. In this case the client will automatically attempt to communicate to port 1433 on MySQLServer. If you've switched the port for the default instance, you'll need to tell the client the proper port, usually by specifying the following syntax in the connection string: <server>,<port>. For instance, if you moved SQL Server to listen on 14330, you'd use MySQLServer,14330 instead of just MySQLServer. However, because a named instance sets up its port dynamically by default, the client never knows at the outset what the port is it should talk to. That's what the SQL Browser or the SQL Server Listener Service (SQL Server 2000) is for. In this case, the client sends a communication via the UDP protocol to port 1434. It asks, "Where is the named instance?" So if I was running a named instance called SQL2008R2, it would be asking the SQL Browser, "Hey, how do I talk to MySQLServer\SQL2008R2?" The SQL Browser would then send back a communications from UDP port 1434 back to the client telling the client how to talk to the named instance. Of course, you can skip all of this of you set that named instance's port statically. Then you can use the <server>,<port> mechanism to connect and the client won't try to talk to the SQL Browser service. It'll simply try to make the connection. So, for instance, is the SQL2008R2 instance was listening on port 20080, specifying MySQLServer,20080 would attempt a connection to the named instance. Network Communications - Named Pipes Named pipes is an older network library communications mechanism and it's generally not used any longer. It shouldn't be used across a firewall. However, if for some reason you need to connect to SQL Server with it, this protocol also sits on top of TCP. Named Pipes is actually used by the operating system and it has its own mechanism within the protocol to determine where to route communications. As far as network communications is concerned, it listens on TCP port 445. This is true whether we're talking about a default or named instance of SQL Server. The Summary Table To put all this together, here is what you need to know: Type of Communication Protocol Used Default Port Finding a SQL Server or SQL Server Named Instance UDP 1434 Communicating with a default instance of SQL Server TCP 1433 Communicating with a named instance of SQL Server TCP * Determined dynamically at start up Communicating with SQL Server via Named Pipes TCP 445

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Nginx no longer servers uwsgi application behind HAProxy - Looks for static file instead

- by Ralph

We implemented our web application using web2py. It consists of several modules offering a REST API at various resources (e.g. /dids, /replicas, ...). The API is used by clients implementing requests.py. My problem is that our web app works fine if it's behind HAProxy and hosted by Apache using mod_wsgi. It also works fine if the clients interact with nginx directly. It doesn't work though when using HAProxy in front of nginx. My guess is that HAProxy somehow modifies the request and thus nginx behaves differently i.e. looking for a static file instead of calling the WSGI container. Unfortunately I can't figure out what's exactly going (wr)on(g). Here are the relevant config sections of these three component's config files. At least I guess they are interesting. If you miss anything, please let me know. 1) haproxy.conf frontend app-lb bind loadbalancer:443 ssl crt /etc/grid-security/hostcertkey.pem default_backend nginx-servers mode http backend nginx-servers balance leastconn option forwardfor server nginx-01 nginx-server-int-01.domain.com:80 check 2) nginx.conf: sendfile off; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; server { server_name nginx-server-int-01.domain.com; root /path/to/app/; location / { uwsgi_pass unix:///tmp/app.sock; include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_read_timeout 600; # Requests can run for a serious long time } 3) uwsgi.ini [uwsgi] chdir = /path/to/app/ chmod-socket = 777 no-default-app = True socket = /tmp/app.sock manage-script-name = True mount = /dids=did.py mount = /replicas=replica.py callable = application Now when I let my clients go against nginx-server-int-01.domain.com everything is fine. In the access.log of nginx lines like these are appearing: 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:20 +0200] "POST /dids/attachments HTTP/1.1" 201 17 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:20 +0200] "POST /dids/attachments HTTP/1.1" 201 17 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:20 +0200] "POST /dids/user.ogueta/cnt_mc12_8TeV.16304.stream_name_too_long.other.notype.004202218365415e990b9997ea859f20.user/dids HTTP/1.1" 201 17 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:20 +0200] "POST /replicas/list HTTP/1.1" 200 5282 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:20 +0200] "POST /replicas/list HTTP/1.1" 200 5094 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:20 +0200] "POST /replicas/list HTTP/1.1" 200 528 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:21 +0200] "GET /dids/mc13_14TeV/dids/search?project=mc13_14TeV&stream_name=%2Adummy&type=dataset&datatype=NTUP_SMDYMUMU HTTP/1.1" 401 73 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:21 +0200] "POST /replicas/list HTTP/1.1" 200 713 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" 128.142.XXX.XX0 - - [23/Aug/2014:01:29:21 +0200] "POST /dids/attachments HTTP/1.1" 201 17 "-" "python-requests/2.3.0 CPython/2.6.6 Linux/2.6.32-358.23.2.el6.x86_64" "-" But when I switch the clients to go against HAProxy (loadbalancer.domain.com:443), the error.log of nginx shows lines like these: 2014/08/23 01:26:01 [error] 1705#0: *21231 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/dids/attachments" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XX1, server: localhost, request: "POST /dids/attachments HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer.domain.com" 2014/08/23 01:26:02 [error] 1705#0: *21232 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/replicas/list" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XX1, server: localhost, request: "POST /replicas/list HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer.domain.com" 2014/08/23 01:26:02 [error] 1705#0: *21233 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/dids/attachments" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XX1, server: localhost, request: "POST /dids/attachments HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer.domain.com" 2014/08/23 01:26:02 [error] 1705#0: *21234 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/replicas/list" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XX1, server: localhost, request: "POST /replicas/list HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer.domain.com" 2014/08/23 01:26:02 [error] 1705#0: *21235 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/dids/attachments" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XXX, server: localhost, request: "POST /dids/attachments HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer" 2014/08/23 01:26:02 [error] 1705#0: *21238 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/replicas/list" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XXX, server: localhost, request: "POST /replicas/list HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer.domain.com" 2014/08/23 01:26:02 [error] 1705#0: *21239 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/dids/attachments" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XXX, server: localhost, request: "POST /dids/attachments HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer.domain.com" 2014/08/23 01:26:02 [error] 1705#0: *21242 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/replicas/list" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XXX, server: localhost, request: "POST /replicas/list HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer.domain.com" 2014/08/23 01:26:02 [error] 1705#0: *21244 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/dids/attachments" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 128.142.XXX.XXX, server: localhost, request: "POST /dids/attachments HTTP/1.1", host: "loadbalancer.domain.com" As you can see, that request looks the same, only the client IP changed, from the client's host to the one from loadbalancer.domain.com. But due to what ever reasons ngxin seems to assume that it is a static file to be served which eventually results in the file not found message. I searched the web for multiple hours already, but without much luck so far. Any help is very much appreciated. Cheers, Ralph

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Getting RINGING response on SIP UAC without sending it from the other UAC

- by TacB0sS

Hi, I hope this would be my last question about this SIP subject, I have managed to overcome the last issue I had by asking a friend to help me from a remote computer, I'm able to connect between the computers, but here is the thing, according to all the examples I saw, the Callee should invoke the Ringing response, but in my application case I didn't implement it yet, but I still receive on the Caller UAC a Ringing response, this is the SIP messages that are on the caller end: Outgoing Request 5: INVITE sip:[email protected] SIP/2.0 Contact: "Client 310" <sip:[email protected]> From: "Client 310" <sip:[email protected]> Max-Forwards: 32 CSeq: 2 INVITE Call-ID: [email protected] Allow: INVITE,CANCEL,ACK,BYE,OPTIONS Content-Type: application/sdp Proxy-Authorization: Digest username="310",nonce="012afffb",realm="asterisk",uri="sip:[email protected]",algorithm=MD5,response="d19ca5b98450b4be7bd4045edb8a3a2f" Via: SIP/2.0/UDP hostName.hn:5060 To: "Client 320" <sip:[email protected]>;tag=as5a8fa200 Content-Length: 257 v=0 o=310 7108915969559970847 7108915969559970847 IN IP4 xxx.xxx.x.xxx s=- i=Nu-Art Software - TacB0sS VoIP information c=IN IP4 xxx.xxx.x.xxx m=audio 3312 RTP/AVP 0 8 101 a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000 a=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000 a=rtpmap:101 telephone-event/8000 Incoming Response 6: SIP/2.0 100 Trying Via: SIP/2.0/UDP hostName.hn:5060;branch=f8d171d3278788df9e03eb9cf3acba70-xxx.xxx.x.xxx-2-invite-hostName.hn-5060333732;received=79.181.6.233 From: "Client 310" <sip:[email protected]> To: "Client 320" <sip:[email protected]>;tag=as5a8fa200 Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 2 INVITE User-Agent: Freeswitch 1.2.3 Allow: INVITE,ACK,CANCEL,OPTIONS,BYE,REFER,SUBSCRIBE,NOTIFY,INFO Supported: replaces Contact: <sip:[email protected]> Content-Length: 0 Incoming Response 7: SIP/2.0 180 Ringing Via: SIP/2.0/UDP hostName.hn:5060;branch=f8d171d3278788df9e03eb9cf3acba70-xxx.xxx.x.xxx-2-invite-hostName.hn-5060333732;received=79.181.6.233 From: "Client 310" <sip:[email protected]> To: "Client 320" <sip:[email protected]>;tag=as5a8fa200 Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 2 INVITE User-Agent: Freeswitch 1.2.3 Allow: INVITE,ACK,CANCEL,OPTIONS,BYE,REFER,SUBSCRIBE,NOTIFY,INFO Supported: replaces Contact: <sip:[email protected]> Content-Length: 0 Call to: [email protected] is Ringing Incoming Response 8: SIP/2.0 183 Session Progress Via: SIP/2.0/UDP hostName.hn:5060;branch=f8d171d3278788df9e03eb9cf3acba70-xxx.xxx.x.xxx-2-invite-hostName.hn-5060333732;received=79.181.6.233 From: "Client 310" <sip:[email protected]> To: "Client 320" <sip:[email protected]>;tag=as5a8fa200 Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 2 INVITE User-Agent: Freeswitch 1.2.3 Allow: INVITE,ACK,CANCEL,OPTIONS,BYE,REFER,SUBSCRIBE,NOTIFY,INFO Supported: replaces Contact: <sip:[email protected]> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 264 v=0 o=root 27669 27669 IN IP4 yy.yy.yy.yy s=session c=IN IP4 yy.yy.yy.yy t=0 0 m=audio 10914 RTP/AVP 0 8 101 a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000 a=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000 a=rtpmap:101 telephone-event/8000 a=fmtp:101 0-16 a=silenceSupp:off - - - - a=ptime:20 a=sendrecv Incoming Response 9: SIP/2.0 503 Service Unavailable Via: SIP/2.0/UDP hostName.hn:5060;branch=f8d171d3278788df9e03eb9cf3acba70-xxx.xxx.x.xxx-2-invite-hostName.hn-5060333732;received=79.181.6.233 From: "Client 310" <sip:[email protected]> To: "Client 320" <sip:[email protected]>;tag=as5a8fa200 Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 2 INVITE User-Agent: Freeswitch 1.2.3 Allow: INVITE,ACK,CANCEL,OPTIONS,BYE,REFER,SUBSCRIBE,NOTIFY,INFO Supported: replaces Content-Length: 0 I do not respond to the invite, that is why all this is happening, but why am I getting a ringing if I'm not the one sending it. Thanks, Adam.

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No EJB receiver available for handling [appName:,modulename:HelloWorldSessionBean,distinctname:]

- by zoit

I'm trying to develop my first EJB with an Example I found, I have the next mistake: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: No EJB receiver available for handling [appName:,modulename:HelloWorldSessionBean,distinctname:] combination for invocation context org.jboss.ejb.client.EJBClientInvocationContext@41408b80 at org.jboss.ejb.client.EJBClientContext.requireEJBReceiver(EJBClientContext.java:584) at org.jboss.ejb.client.ReceiverInterceptor.handleInvocation(ReceiverInterceptor.java:119) at org.jboss.ejb.client.EJBClientInvocationContext.sendRequest(EJBClientInvocationContext.java:181) at org.jboss.ejb.client.EJBInvocationHandler.doInvoke(EJBInvocationHandler.java:136) at org.jboss.ejb.client.EJBInvocationHandler.doInvoke(EJBInvocationHandler.java:121) at org.jboss.ejb.client.EJBInvocationHandler.invoke(EJBInvocationHandler.java:104) at $Proxy0.sayHello(Unknown Source) at com.ibytecode.client.EJBApplicationClient.main(EJBApplicationClient.java:16) I use JBOSS 7.1, and the code is this: HelloWorld.java package com.ibytecode.business; import javax.ejb.Remote; @Remote public interface HelloWorld { public String sayHello(); } HelloWorldBean.java package com.ibytecode.businesslogic; import com.ibytecode.business.HelloWorld; import javax.ejb.Stateless; /** * Session Bean implementation class HelloWorldBean */ @Stateless public class HelloWorldBean implements HelloWorld { /** * Default constructor. */ public HelloWorldBean() { } public String sayHello() { return "Hello World !!!"; } } EJBApplicationClient.java: package com.ibytecode.client; import javax.naming.Context; import javax.naming.NamingException; import com.ibytecode.business.HelloWorld; import com.ibytecode.businesslogic.HelloWorldBean; import com.ibytecode.clientutility.ClientUtility; public class EJBApplicationClient { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub HelloWorld bean = doLookup(); System.out.println(bean.sayHello()); // 4. Call business logic } private static HelloWorld doLookup() { Context context = null; HelloWorld bean = null; try { // 1. Obtaining Context context = ClientUtility.getInitialContext(); // 2. Generate JNDI Lookup name String lookupName = getLookupName(); // 3. Lookup and cast bean = (HelloWorld) context.lookup(lookupName); } catch (NamingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return bean; } private static String getLookupName() { /* The app name is the EAR name of the deployed EJB without .ear suffix. Since we haven't deployed the application as a .ear, the app name for us will be an empty string */ String appName = ""; /* The module name is the JAR name of the deployed EJB without the .jar suffix. */ String moduleName = "HelloWorldSessionBean"; /*AS7 allows each deployment to have an (optional) distinct name. This can be an empty string if distinct name is not specified. */ String distinctName = ""; // The EJB bean implementation class name String beanName = HelloWorldBean.class.getSimpleName(); // Fully qualified remote interface name final String interfaceName = HelloWorld.class.getName(); // Create a look up string name String name = "ejb:" + appName + "/" + moduleName + "/" + distinctName + "/" + beanName + "!" + interfaceName; return name; } } ClientUtility.java package com.ibytecode.clientutility; import java.util.Properties; import javax.naming.Context; import javax.naming.InitialContext; import javax.naming.NamingException; public class ClientUtility { private static Context initialContext; private static final String PKG_INTERFACES = "org.jboss.ejb.client.naming"; public static Context getInitialContext() throws NamingException { if (initialContext == null) { Properties properties = new Properties(); properties.put("jboss.naming.client.ejb.context", true); properties.put(Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES, PKG_INTERFACES); initialContext = new InitialContext(properties); } return initialContext; } } properties.file: remote.connectionprovider.create.options.org.xnio.Options.SSL_ENABLED=false remote.connections=default remote.connection.default.host=localhost remote.connection.default.port = 4447 remote.connection.default.connect.options.org.xnio.Options.SASL_POLICY_NOANONYMOUS=false This is what I have. Why I have this?. Thanks so much. Regards

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WCF and Firewalls

- by Amitd

Hi guys, As a part of learning WCF, I was trying to use a simple WCF client-server code . http://weblogs.asp.net/ralfw/archive/2007/04/14/a-truely-simple-example-to-get-started-with-wcf.aspx but I'm facing strange issues.I was trying out the following. Client(My) IP address is : 192.168.2.5 (internal behind firewall) Server IP address is : 192.168.50.30 port : 9050 (internal behind firewall) Servers LIVE/External IP (on internet ) : 121.225.xx.xx (accessible from internet) When I specify the above I.P address of server(192.168.50.30), the client connects successfully and can call servers methods. Now suppose if I want to give my friend (outside network/on internet) the client with server's live I.P, i get an ENDPOINTNOTFOUND exceptions. Surprisingly if I run the above client specifying LIVE IP(121.225.xx.xx) of server i also get the same exception. I tried to debug the problem but haven't found anything. Is it a problem with the company firewall not forwarding my request? or is it a problem with the server or client . Is something needed to be added to the server/client to overcome the same problem? Or are there any settings on the firewall that need to be changed like port forwarding? (our network admin has configured the port to be accessible from the internet.) is it a authentication issue? Code is available at . http://www.ralfw.de/weblog/wcfsimple.txt http://weblogs.asp.net/ralfw/archive/2007/04/14/a-truely-simple-example-to-get-started-with-wcf.aspx i have just separated the client and server part in separate assemblies.rest is same. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.ServiceModel; namespace WCFSimple.Contract { [ServiceContract] public interface IService { [OperationContract] string Ping(string name); } } namespace WCFSimple.Server { [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerCall)] class ServiceImplementation : WCFSimple.Contract.IService { #region IService Members public string Ping(string name) { Console.WriteLine("SERVER - Processing Ping('{0}')", name); return "Hello, " + name; } #endregion } public class Program { private static System.Threading.AutoResetEvent stopFlag = new System.Threading.AutoResetEvent(false); public static void Main() { ServiceHost svh = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceImplementation)); svh.AddServiceEndpoint( typeof(WCFSimple.Contract.IService), new NetTcpBinding(), "net.tcp://localhost:8000"); svh.Open(); Console.WriteLine("SERVER - Running..."); stopFlag.WaitOne(); Console.WriteLine("SERVER - Shutting down..."); svh.Close(); Console.WriteLine("SERVER - Shut down!"); } public static void Stop() { stopFlag.Set(); } } } namespace WCFSimple { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("WCF Simple Demo"); // start server System.Threading.Thread thServer = new System.Threading.Thread(WCFSimple.Server.Program.Main); thServer.IsBackground = true; thServer.Start(); System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000); // wait for server to start up // run client ChannelFactory<WCFSimple.Contract.IService> scf; scf = new ChannelFactory<WCFSimple.Contract.IService>( new NetTcpBinding(), "net.tcp://localhost:8000"); WCFSimple.Contract.IService s; s = scf.CreateChannel(); while (true) { Console.Write("CLIENT - Name: "); string name = Console.ReadLine(); if (name == "") break; string response = s.Ping(name); Console.WriteLine("CLIENT - Response from service: " + response); } (s as ICommunicationObject).Close(); // shutdown server WCFSimple.Server.Program.Stop(); thServer.Join(); } } } Any help?

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How does versioning work when using Boost Serialization for Derived Classes?

- by Venkata Adusumilli

When a Client serializes the following data: InternationalStudent student; student.id("Client ID"); student.firstName("Client First Name"); student.country("Client Country"); the Server receives the following: ID = "Client ID" Country = "Client First Name" instead of the following: ID = "Client ID" Country = "Client Country" The only difference between the Server and Client classes is the First Name of the Student. How can we make the Server ignore First Name recieved from the Client and process the Country? Server Side Classes class Student { public: Student(){} virtual ~Student(){} public: std::string id() { return idM; } void id(std::string id) { idM = id; } protected: friend class boost::serialization::access; protected: std::string idM; protected: template<class A> void serialize(A& archive, const unsigned int /*version*/) { archive & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(idM); } }; class InternationalStudent : public Student { public: InternationalStudent() {} ~InternationalStudent() {} public: std::string country() { return countryM; } void country(std::string country) { countryM = country; } protected: friend class boost::serialization::access; protected: std::string countryM; protected: template<class A> void serialize(A& archive, const unsigned int /*version*/) { archive & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(boost::serialization::base_object<Student>(*this)); archive & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(countryM); } }; Client Side Classes class Student { public: Student(){} virtual ~Student(){} public: std::string id() { return idM; } void id(std::string id) { idM = id; } std::string firstName() { return firstNameM; } void firstName(std::string name) { firstNameM = name; } protected: friend class boost::serialization::access; protected: std::string idM; std::string firstNameM; protected: template<class A> void serialize(A& archive, const unsigned int /*version*/) { archive & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(idM); if (version >=1) { archive & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(firstNameM); } } }; BOOST_CLASS_VERSION(Student, 1) class InternationalStudent : public Student { public: InternationalStudent() {} ~InternationalStudent() {} public: std::string country() { return countryM; } void country(std::string country) { countryM = country; } protected: friend class boost::serialization::access; protected: std::string countryM; protected: template<class A> void serialize(A& archive, const unsigned int /*version*/) { archive & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(boost::serialization::base_object<Student>(*this)); archive & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(countryM); } };

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Variable mysteriously changing value

- by Eitan

I am making a simple tcp/ip chat program for practicing threads and tcp/ip. I was using asynchronous methods but had a problem with concurrency so I went to threads and blocking methods (not asynchronous). I have two private variables defined in the class, not static: string amessage = string.Empty; int MessageLength; and a Thread private Thread BeginRead; Ok so I call a function called Listen ONCE when the client starts: public virtual void Listen(int byteLength) { var state = new StateObject {Buffer = new byte[byteLength]}; BeginRead = new Thread(ReadThread); BeginRead.Start(state); } and finally the function to receive commands and process them, I'm going to shorten it because it is really long: private void ReadThread(object objectState) { var state = (StateObject)objectState; int byteLength = state.Buffer.Length; while (true) { var buffer = new byte[byteLength]; int len = MySocket.Receive(buffer); if (len <= 0) return; string content = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, len); amessage += cleanMessage.Substring(0, MessageLength); if (OnRead != null) { var e = new CommandEventArgs(amessage); OnRead(this, e); } } } Now, as I understand it only one thread at a time will enter BeginRead, I call Receive, it blocks until I get data, and then I process it. The problem: the variable amessage will change it's value between statements that do not touch or alter the variable at all, for example at the bottom of the function at: if (OnRead != null) "amessage" will be equal to 'asdf' and at if (OnRead != null) "amessage" will be equal to qwert. As I understand it this is indicative of another thread changing the value/running asynchronously. I only spawn one thread to do the receiving and the Receive function is blocking, how could there be two threads in this function and if there is only one thread how does amessage's value change between statements that don't affect it's value. As a side note sorry for spamming the site with these questions but I'm just getting a hang of this threading story and it's making me want to sip cyanide. Thanks in advance. EDIT: Here is my code that calls the Listen Method in the client: public void ConnectClient(string ip,int port) { client.Connect(ip,port); client.Listen(5); } and in the server: private void Accept(IAsyncResult result) { var client = new AbstractClient(MySocket.EndAccept(result)); var e = new CommandEventArgs(client, null); Clients.Add(client); client.Listen(5); if (OnClientAdded != null) { var target = (Control) OnClientAdded.Target; if (target != null && target.InvokeRequired) target.Invoke(OnClientAdded, this, e); else OnClientAdded(this, e); } client.OnRead += OnRead; MySocket.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(Accept), null); } All this code is in a class called AbstractClient. The client inherits the Abstract client and when the server accepts a socket it create's it's own local AbstractClient, in this case both modules access the functions above however they are different instances and I couldn't imagine threads from different instances combining especially as no variable is static.

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Getter/Setter (composition, Java, HW)

- by Crystal

I have one class called Person that basically looks like: public class Person { String firstName; String lastName; String telephone; String email; public Person() { firstName = ""; lastName = ""; telephone = ""; email = ""; } public Person(String firstName, String lastName, String telephone, String email) { this.firstName = firstName; this.lastName = lastName; this.telephone = telephone; this.email = email; } public String getFirstName() { return firstName; } public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this.firstName = firstName; } .... Using that class, I setup an abstract class called Loan that looks like: public abstract class Loan { public void setClient(Person client) { this.client = client; } public Person getClient() { return client; } public void setLoanId(int nextId) { loanId = nextId; nextId++; } public int getLoanId() { return loanId; } public void setInterestRate(double interestRate) { this.interestRate = interestRate; } public double getInterestRate() { return interestRate; } public void setLoanLength(int loanLength) { this.loanLength = loanLength; } public int getLoanLength() { return loanLength; } public void setLoanAmount(double loanAmount) { this.loanAmount = loanAmount; } public double getLoanAmount(double loanAmount) { return loanAmount; } private Person client; private int loanId; private double interestRate; private int loanLength; private double loanAmount; private static int nextId = 1; } I have to extend the Loan class with CarLoan and it looks like: public class CarLoan extends Loan { public CarLoan(Person client, double vehiclePrice, double downPayment, double salesTax, double interestRate, CAR_LOAN_TERMS length) { super.setClient(client); super.setInterestRate(interestRate); this.client = client; this.vehiclePrice = vehiclePrice; this.downPayment = downPayment; this.salesTax = salesTax; this.length = length; } public void setVehiclePrice(double vehiclePrice) { this.vehiclePrice = vehiclePrice; } public double getVehiclePrice() { return vehiclePrice; } public void setDownPayment(double downPayment) { this.downPayment = downPayment; } public double getDownPayment() { return downPayment; } public void setSalesTax(double salesTax) { this.salesTax = salesTax; } public double getSalesTax() { return salesTax; } public String toString() { return getClass().getName() + "[vehiclePrice = " + vehiclePrice + '\n' + "downPayment = " + downPayment + '\n' + "salesTax = " + salesTax + "]"; } public enum CAR_LOAN_TERMS {TWO_YEAR, THREE_YEAR, SIX_YEAR}; private double vehiclePrice; private double downPayment; private double salesTax; Few questions. (a) Is what I did in the Loan class to setClient correct given what I have in the Person class? (e.g.this.client = client) (b) Can I call super twice in a method? I have to set two attributes from the Loan class from the constructor in the CarLoan class and I thought that would be a way to do it. (c) Do you have to set attributes for enumeration types differently in a constructor or getter/setter methods? I get an error for (this.length = length) in my CarLoan class and I was unsure of how enumeration values should be set. Thanks!

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Introducing Data Annotations Extensions

- by srkirkland

Validation of user input is integral to building a modern web application, and ASP.NET MVC offers us a way to enforce business rules on both the client and server using Model Validation. The recent release of ASP.NET MVC 3 has improved these offerings on the client side by introducing an unobtrusive validation library built on top of jquery.validation. Out of the box MVC comes with support for Data Annotations (that is, System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations) and can be extended to support other frameworks. Data Annotations Validation is becoming more popular and is being baked in to many other Microsoft offerings, including Entity Framework, though with MVC it only contains four validators: Range, Required, StringLength and Regular Expression. The Data Annotations Extensions project attempts to augment these validators with additional attributes while maintaining the clean integration Data Annotations provides. A Quick Word About Data Annotations Extensions The Data Annotations Extensions project can be found at http://dataannotationsextensions.org/, and currently provides 11 additional validation attributes (ex: Email, EqualTo, Min/Max) on top of Data Annotations’ original 4. You can find a current list of the validation attributes on the afore mentioned website. The core library provides server-side validation attributes that can be used in any .NET 4.0 project (no MVC dependency). There is also an easily pluggable client-side validation library which can be used in ASP.NET MVC 3 projects using unobtrusive jquery validation (only MVC3 included javascript files are required). On to the Preview Let’s say you had the following “Customer” domain model (or view model, depending on your project structure) in an MVC 3 project: public class Customer { public string Email { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public string ProfilePictureLocation { get; set; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } When it comes time to create/edit this Customer, you will probably have a CustomerController and a simple form that just uses one of the Html.EditorFor() methods that the ASP.NET MVC tooling generates for you (or you can write yourself). It should look something like this: With no validation, the customer can enter nonsense for an email address, and then can even report their age as a negative number! With the built-in Data Annotations validation, I could do a bit better by adding a Range to the age, adding a RegularExpression for email (yuck!), and adding some required attributes. However, I’d still be able to report my age as 10.75 years old, and my profile picture could still be any string. Let’s use Data Annotations along with this project, Data Annotations Extensions, and see what we can get: public class Customer { [Email] [Required] public string Email { get; set; } [Integer] [Min(1, ErrorMessage="Unless you are benjamin button you are lying.")] [Required] public int Age { get; set; } [FileExtensions("png|jpg|jpeg|gif")] public string ProfilePictureLocation { get; set; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Now let’s try to put in some invalid values and see what happens: That is very nice validation, all done on the client side (will also be validated on the server). Also, the Customer class validation attributes are very easy to read and understand. Another bonus: Since Data Annotations Extensions can integrate with MVC 3’s unobtrusive validation, no additional scripts are required! Now that we’ve seen our target, let’s take a look at how to get there within a new MVC 3 project. Adding Data Annotations Extensions To Your Project First we will File->New Project and create an ASP.NET MVC 3 project. I am going to use Razor for these examples, but any view engine can be used in practice. Now go into the NuGet Extension Manager (right click on references and select add Library Package Reference) and search for “DataAnnotationsExtensions.” You should see the following two packages: The first package is for server-side validation scenarios, but since we are using MVC 3 and would like comprehensive sever and client validation support, click on the DataAnnotationsExtensions.MVC3 project and then click Install. This will install the Data Annotations Extensions server and client validation DLLs along with David Ebbo’s web activator (which enables the validation attributes to be registered with MVC 3). Now that Data Annotations Extensions is installed you have all you need to start doing advanced model validation. If you are already using Data Annotations in your project, just making use of the additional validation attributes will provide client and server validation automatically. However, assuming you are starting with a blank project I’ll walk you through setting up a controller and model to test with. Creating Your Model In the Models folder, create a new User.cs file with a User class that you can use as a model. To start with, I’ll use the following class: public class User { public string Email { get; set; } public string Password { get; set; } public string PasswordConfirm { get; set; } public string HomePage { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } } Next, create a simple controller with at least a Create method, and then a matching Create view (note, you can do all of this via the MVC built-in tooling). Your files will look something like this: UserController.cs: public class UserController : Controller { public ActionResult Create() { return View(new User()); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult Create(User user) { if (!ModelState.IsValid) { return View(user); } return Content("User valid!"); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Create.cshtml: @model NuGetValidationTester.Models.User @{ ViewBag.Title = "Create"; } <h2>Create</h2> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> @using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.ValidationSummary(true) <fieldset> <legend>User</legend> @Html.EditorForModel() <p> <input type="submit" value="Create" /> </p> </fieldset> } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } In the Create.cshtml view, note that we are referencing jquery validation and jquery unobtrusive (jquery is referenced in the layout page). These MVC 3 included scripts are the only ones you need to enjoy both the basic Data Annotations validation as well as the validation additions available in Data Annotations Extensions. These references are added by default when you use the MVC 3 “Add View” dialog on a modification template type. Now when we go to /User/Create we should see a form for editing a User Since we haven’t yet added any validation attributes, this form is valid as shown (including no password, email and an age of 0). With the built-in Data Annotations attributes we can make some of the fields required, and we could use a range validator of maybe 1 to 110 on Age (of course we don’t want to leave out supercentenarians) but let’s go further and validate our input comprehensively using Data Annotations Extensions. The new and improved User.cs model class. { [Required] [Email] public string Email { get; set; } [Required] public string Password { get; set; } [Required] [EqualTo("Password")] public string PasswordConfirm { get; set; } [Url] public string HomePage { get; set; } [Integer] [Min(1)] public int Age { get; set; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Now let’s re-run our form and try to use some invalid values: All of the validation errors you see above occurred on the client, without ever even hitting submit. The validation is also checked on the server, which is a good practice since client validation is easily bypassed. That’s all you need to do to start a new project and include Data Annotations Extensions, and of course you can integrate it into an existing project just as easily. Nitpickers Corner ASP.NET MVC 3 futures defines four new data annotations attributes which this project has as well: CreditCard, Email, Url and EqualTo. Unfortunately referencing MVC 3 futures necessitates taking an dependency on MVC 3 in your model layer, which may be unadvisable in a multi-tiered project. Data Annotations Extensions keeps the server and client side libraries separate so using the project’s validation attributes don’t require you to take any additional dependencies in your model layer which still allowing for the rich client validation experience if you are using MVC 3. Custom Error Message and Globalization: Since the Data Annotations Extensions are build on top of Data Annotations, you have the ability to define your own static error messages and even to use resource files for very customizable error messages. Available Validators: Please see the project site at http://dataannotationsextensions.org/ for an up-to-date list of the new validators included in this project. As of this post, the following validators are available: CreditCard Date Digits Email EqualTo FileExtensions Integer Max Min Numeric Url Conclusion Hopefully I’ve illustrated how easy it is to add server and client validation to your MVC 3 projects, and how to easily you can extend the available validation options to meet real world needs. The Data Annotations Extensions project is fully open source under the BSD license. Any feedback would be greatly appreciated. More information than you require, along with links to the source code, is available at http://dataannotationsextensions.org/. Enjoy!

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What’s New in ASP.NET 4.0 Part Two: WebForms and Visual Studio Enhancements

- by Rick Strahl

In the last installment I talked about the core changes in the ASP.NET runtime that I’ve been taking advantage of. In this column, I’ll cover the changes to the Web Forms engine and some of the cool improvements in Visual Studio that make Web and general development easier. WebForms The WebForms engine is the area that has received most significant changes in ASP.NET 4.0. Probably the most widely anticipated features are related to managing page client ids and of ViewState on WebForm pages. Take Control of Your ClientIDs Unique ClientID generation in ASP.NET has been one of the most complained about “features” in ASP.NET. Although there’s a very good technical reason for these unique generated ids - they guarantee unique ids for each and every server control on a page - these unique and generated ids often get in the way of client-side JavaScript development and CSS styling as it’s often inconvenient and fragile to work with the long, generated ClientIDs. In ASP.NET 4.0 you can now specify an explicit client id mode on each control or each naming container parent control to control how client ids are generated. By default, ASP.NET generates mangled client ids for any control contained in a naming container (like a Master Page, or a User Control for example). The key to ClientID management in ASP.NET 4.0 are the new ClientIDMode and ClientIDRowSuffix properties. ClientIDMode supports four different ClientID generation settings shown below. For the following examples, imagine that you have a Textbox control named txtName inside of a master page control container on a WebForms page. <%@Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.Master" CodeBehind="WebForm2.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.WebForm2" %> <asp:Content ID="content" ContentPlaceHolderID="content" runat="server" ClientIDMode="Static" > <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="txtName" /> </asp:Content> The four available ClientIDMode values are: AutoID This is the existing behavior in ASP.NET 1.x-3.x where full naming container munging takes place. <input name="ctl00$content$txtName" type="text" id="ctl00_content_txtName" /> This should be familiar to any ASP.NET developer and results in fairly unpredictable client ids that can easily change if the containership hierarchy changes. For example, removing the master page changes the name in this case, so if you were to move a block of script code that works against the control to a non-Master page, the script code immediately breaks. Static This option is the most deterministic setting that forces the control’s ClientID to use its ID value directly. No naming container naming at all is applied and you end up with clean client ids: <input name="ctl00$content$txtName" type="text" id="txtName" /> Note that the name property which is used for postback variables to the server still is munged, but the ClientID property is displayed simply as the ID value that you have assigned to the control. This option is what most of us want to use, but you have to be clear on that because it can potentially cause conflicts with other controls on the page. If there are several instances of the same naming container (several instances of the same user control for example) there can easily be a client id naming conflict. Note that if you assign Static to a data-bound control, like a list child control in templates, you do not get unique ids either, so for list controls where you rely on unique id for child controls, you’ll probably want to use Predictable rather than Static. I’ll write more on this a little later when I discuss ClientIDRowSuffix. Predictable The previous two values are pretty self-explanatory. Predictable however, requires some explanation. To me at least it’s not in the least bit predictable. MSDN defines this value as follows: This algorithm is used for controls that are in data-bound controls. The ClientID value is generated by concatenating the ClientID value of the parent naming container with the ID value of the control. If the control is a data-bound control that generates multiple rows, the value of the data field specified in the ClientIDRowSuffix property is added at the end. For the GridView control, multiple data fields can be specified. If the ClientIDRowSuffix property is blank, a sequential number is added at the end instead of a data-field value. Each segment is separated by an underscore character (_). The key that makes this value a bit confusing is that it relies on the parent NamingContainer’s ClientID to build its own ClientID value. This effectively means that the value is not predictable at all but rather very tightly coupled to the parent naming container’s ClientIDMode setting. For my simple textbox example, if the ClientIDMode property of the parent naming container (Page in this case) is set to “Predictable” you’ll get this: <input name="ctl00$content$txtName" type="text" id="content_txtName" /> which gives an id that based on walking up to the currently active naming container (the MasterPage content container) and starting the id formatting from there downward. Think of this as a semi unique name that’s guaranteed unique only for the naming container. If, on the other hand, the Page is set to “AutoID” you get the following with Predictable on txtName: <input name="ctl00$content$txtName" type="text" id="ctl00_content_txtName" /> The latter is effectively the same as if you specified AutoID because it inherits the AutoID naming from the Page and Content Master Page control of the page. But again - predictable behavior always depends on the parent naming container and how it generates its id, so the id may not always be exactly the same as the AutoID generated value because somewhere in the NamingContainer chain the ClientIDMode setting may be set to a different value. For example, if you had another naming container in the middle that was set to Static you’d end up effectively with an id that starts with the NamingContainers id rather than the whole ctl000_content munging. The most common use for Predictable is likely to be for data-bound controls, which results in each data bound item getting a unique ClientID. Unfortunately, even here the behavior can be very unpredictable depending on which data-bound control you use - I found significant differences in how template controls in a GridView behave from those that are used in a ListView control. For example, GridView creates clean child ClientIDs, while ListView still has a naming container in the ClientID, presumably because of the template container on which you can’t set ClientIDMode. Predictable is useful, but only if all naming containers down the chain use this setting. Otherwise you’re right back to the munged ids that are pretty unpredictable. Another property, ClientIDRowSuffix, can be used in combination with ClientIDMode of Predictable to force a suffix onto list client controls. For example: <asp:GridView runat="server" ID="gvItems" AutoGenerateColumns="false" ClientIDMode="Static" ClientIDRowSuffix="Id"> <Columns> <asp:TemplateField> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label runat="server" id="txtName" Text='<%# Eval("Name") %>' ClientIDMode="Predictable"/> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label runat="server" id="txtId" Text='<%# Eval("Id") %>' ClientIDMode="Predictable" /> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> </Columns> </asp:GridView> generates client Ids inside of a column in the master page described earlier: <td> <span id="txtName_0">Rick</span> </td> where the value after the underscore is the ClientIDRowSuffix field - in this case “Id” of the item data bound to the control. Note that all of the child controls require ClientIDMode=”Predictable” in order for the ClientIDRowSuffix to be applied, and the parent GridView controls need to be set to Static either explicitly or via Naming Container inheritance to give these simple names. It’s a bummer that ClientIDRowSuffix doesn’t work with Static to produce this automatically. Another real problem is that other controls process the ClientIDMode differently. For example, a ListView control processes the Predictable ClientIDMode differently and produces the following with the Static ListView and Predictable child controls: <span id="ctrl0_txtName_0">Rick</span> I couldn’t even figure out a way using ClientIDMode to get a simple ID that also uses a suffix short of falling back to manually generated ids using <%= %> expressions instead. Given the inconsistencies inside of list controls using <%= %>, ids for the ListView might not be a bad idea anyway. Inherit The final setting is Inherit, which is the default for all controls except Page. This means that controls by default inherit the parent naming container’s ClientIDMode setting. For more detailed information on ClientID behavior and different scenarios you can check out a blog post of mine on this subject: http://www.west-wind.com/weblog/posts/54760.aspx. ClientID Enhancements Summary The ClientIDMode property is a welcome addition to ASP.NET 4.0. To me this is probably the most useful WebForms feature as it allows me to generate clean IDs simply by setting ClientIDMode="Static" on either the page or inside of Web.config (in the Pages section) which applies the setting down to the entire page which is my 95% scenario. For the few cases when it matters - for list controls and inside of multi-use user controls or custom server controls) - I can use Predictable or even AutoID to force controls to unique names. For application-level page development, this is easy to accomplish and provides maximum usability for working with client script code against page controls. ViewStateMode Another area of large criticism for WebForms is ViewState. ViewState is used internally by ASP.NET to persist page-level changes to non-postback properties on controls as pages post back to the server. It’s a useful mechanism that works great for the overall mechanics of WebForms, but it can also cause all sorts of overhead for page operation as ViewState can very quickly get out of control and consume huge amounts of bandwidth in your page content. ViewState can also wreak havoc with client-side scripting applications that modify control properties that are tracked by ViewState, which can produce very unpredictable results on a Postback after client-side updates. Over the years in my own development, I’ve often turned off ViewState on pages to reduce overhead. Yes, you lose some functionality, but you can easily implement most of the common functionality in non-ViewState workarounds. Relying less on heavy ViewState controls and sticking with simpler controls or raw HTML constructs avoids getting around ViewState problems. In ASP.NET 3.x and prior, it wasn’t easy to control ViewState - you could turn it on or off and if you turned it off at the page or web.config level, you couldn’t turn it back on for specific controls. In short, it was an all or nothing approach. With ASP.NET 4.0, the new ViewStateMode property gives you more control. It allows you to disable ViewState globally either on the page or web.config level and then turn it back on for specific controls that might need it. ViewStateMode only works when EnableViewState="true" on the page or web.config level (which is the default). You can then use ViewStateMode of Disabled, Enabled or Inherit to control the ViewState settings on the page. If you’re shooting for minimal ViewState usage, the ideal situation is to set ViewStateMode to disabled on the Page or web.config level and only turn it back on particular controls: <%@Page Language="C#" CodeBehind="WebForm2.aspx.cs" Inherits="Westwind.WebStore.WebForm2" ClientIDMode="Static" ViewStateMode="Disabled" EnableViewState="true" %>  <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="txtName" ViewStateMode="Enabled" />  <asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="txtAddress" /> Note that the EnableViewState="true" at the Page level isn’t required since it’s the default, but it’s important that the value is true. ViewStateMode has no effect if EnableViewState="false" at the page level. The main benefit of ViewStateMode is that it allows you to more easily turn off ViewState for most of the page and enable only a few key controls that might need it. For me personally, this is a perfect combination as most of my WebForm apps can get away without any ViewState at all. But some controls - especially third party controls - often don’t work well without ViewState enabled, and now it’s much easier to selectively enable controls rather than the old way, which required you to pretty much turn off ViewState for all controls that you didn’t want ViewState on. Inline HTML Encoding HTML encoding is an important feature to prevent cross-site scripting attacks in data entered by users on your site. In order to make it easier to create HTML encoded content, ASP.NET 4.0 introduces a new Expression syntax using <%: %> to encode string values. The encoding expression syntax looks like this: <%: "<script type='text/javascript'>" + "alert('Really?');</script>" %> which produces properly encoded HTML: <script type='text/javascript' >alert('Really?');</script> Effectively this is a shortcut to: <%= HttpUtility.HtmlEncode( "<script type='text/javascript'>" + "alert('Really?');</script>") %> Of course the <%: %> syntax can also evaluate expressions just like <%= %> so the more common scenario applies this expression syntax against data your application is displaying. Here’s an example displaying some data model values: <%: Model.Address.Street %> This snippet shows displaying data from your application’s data store or more importantly, from data entered by users. Anything that makes it easier and less verbose to HtmlEncode text is a welcome addition to avoid potential cross-site scripting attacks. Although I listed Inline HTML Encoding here under WebForms, anything that uses the WebForms rendering engine including ASP.NET MVC, benefits from this feature. ScriptManager Enhancements The ASP.NET ScriptManager control in the past has introduced some nice ways to take programmatic and markup control over script loading, but there were a number of shortcomings in this control. The ASP.NET 4.0 ScriptManager has a number of improvements that make it easier to control script loading and addresses a few of the shortcomings that have often kept me from using the control in favor of manual script loading. The first is the AjaxFrameworkMode property which finally lets you suppress loading the ASP.NET AJAX runtime. Disabled doesn’t load any ASP.NET AJAX libraries, but there’s also an Explicit mode that lets you pick and choose the library pieces individually and reduce the footprint of ASP.NET AJAX script included if you are using the library. There’s also a new EnableCdn property that forces any script that has a new WebResource attribute CdnPath property set to a CDN supplied URL. If the script has this Attribute property set to a non-null/empty value and EnableCdn is enabled on the ScriptManager, that script will be served from the specified CdnPath. [assembly: WebResource( "Westwind.Web.Resources.ww.jquery.js", "application/x-javascript", CdnPath = "http://mysite.com/scripts/ww.jquery.min.js")] Cool, but a little too static for my taste since this value can’t be changed at runtime to point at a debug script as needed, for example. Assembly names for loading scripts from resources can now be simple names rather than fully qualified assembly names, which make it less verbose to reference scripts from assemblies loaded from your bin folder or the assembly reference area in web.config: <asp:ScriptManager runat="server" id="Id" EnableCdn="true" AjaxFrameworkMode="disabled"> <Scripts> <asp:ScriptReference Name="Westwind.Web.Resources.ww.jquery.js" Assembly="Westwind.Web" /> </Scripts> </asp:ScriptManager> The ScriptManager in 4.0 also supports script combining via the CompositeScript tag, which allows you to very easily combine scripts into a single script resource served via ASP.NET. Even nicer: You can specify the URL that the combined script is served with. Check out the following script manager markup that combines several static file scripts and a script resource into a single ASP.NET served resource from a static URL (allscripts.js): <asp:ScriptManager runat="server" id="Id" EnableCdn="true" AjaxFrameworkMode="disabled"> <CompositeScript Path="~/scripts/allscripts.js"> <Scripts> <asp:ScriptReference Path="~/scripts/jquery.js" /> <asp:ScriptReference Path="~/scripts/ww.jquery.js" /> <asp:ScriptReference Name="Westwind.Web.Resources.editors.js" Assembly="Westwind.Web" /> </Scripts> </CompositeScript> </asp:ScriptManager> When you render this into HTML, you’ll see a single script reference in the page: <script src="scripts/allscripts.debug.js" type="text/javascript"></script> All you need to do to make this work is ensure that allscripts.js and allscripts.debug.js exist in the scripts folder of your application - they can be empty but the file has to be there. This is pretty cool, but you want to be real careful that you use unique URLs for each combination of scripts you combine or else browser and server caching will easily screw you up royally. The script manager also allows you to override native ASP.NET AJAX scripts now as any script references defined in the Scripts section of the ScriptManager trump internal references. So if you want custom behavior or you want to fix a possible bug in the core libraries that normally are loaded from resources, you can now do this simply by referencing the script resource name in the Name property and pointing at System.Web for the assembly. Not a common scenario, but when you need it, it can come in real handy. Still, there are a number of shortcomings in this control. For one, the ScriptManager and ClientScript APIs still have no common entry point so control developers are still faced with having to check and support both APIs to load scripts so that controls can work on pages that do or don’t have a ScriptManager on the page. The CdnUrl is static and compiled in, which is very restrictive. And finally, there’s still no control over where scripts get loaded on the page - ScriptManager still injects scripts into the middle of the HTML markup rather than in the header or optionally the footer. This, in turn, means there is little control over script loading order, which can be problematic for control developers. MetaDescription, MetaKeywords Page Properties There are also a number of additional Page properties that correspond to some of the other features discussed in this column: ClientIDMode, ClientTarget and ViewStateMode. Another minor but useful feature is that you can now directly access the MetaDescription and MetaKeywords properties on the Page object to set the corresponding meta tags programmatically. Updating these values programmatically previously required either <%= %> expressions in the page markup or dynamic insertion of literal controls into the page. You can now just set these properties programmatically on the Page object in any Control derived class on the page or the Page itself: Page.MetaKeywords = "ASP.NET,4.0,New Features"; Page.MetaDescription = "This article discusses the new features in ASP.NET 4.0"; Note, that there’s no corresponding ASP.NET tag for the HTML Meta element, so the only way to specify these values in markup and access them is via the @Page tag: <%@Page Language="C#" CodeBehind="WebForm2.aspx.cs" Inherits="Westwind.WebStore.WebForm2" ClientIDMode="Static" MetaDescription="Article that discusses what's new in ASP.NET 4.0" MetaKeywords="ASP.NET,4.0,New Features" %> Nothing earth shattering but quite convenient. Visual Studio 2010 Enhancements for Web Development For Web development there are also a host of editor enhancements in Visual Studio 2010. Some of these are not Web specific but they are useful for Web developers in general. Text Editors Throughout Visual Studio 2010, the text editors have all been updated to a new core engine based on WPF which provides some interesting new features for various code editors including the nice ability to zoom in and out with Ctrl-MouseWheel to quickly change the size of text. There are many more API options to control the editor and although Visual Studio 2010 doesn’t yet use many of these features, we can look forward to enhancements in add-ins and future editor updates from the various language teams that take advantage of the visual richness that WPF provides to editing. On the negative side, I’ve noticed that occasionally the code editor and especially the HTML and JavaScript editors will lose the ability to use various navigation keys like arrows, back and delete keys, which requires closing and reopening the documents at times. This issue seems to be well documented so I suspect this will be addressed soon with a hotfix or within the first service pack. Overall though, the code editors work very well, especially given that they were re-written completely using WPF, which was one of my big worries when I first heard about the complete redesign of the editors. Multi-Targeting Visual Studio now targets all versions of the .NET framework from 2.0 forward. You can use Visual Studio 2010 to work on your ASP.NET 2, 3.0 and 3.5 applications which is a nice way to get your feet wet with the new development environment without having to make changes to existing applications. It’s nice to have one tool to work in for all the different versions. Multi-Monitor Support One cool feature of Visual Studio 2010 is the ability to drag windows out of the Visual Studio environment and out onto the desktop including onto another monitor easily. Since Web development often involves working with a host of designers at the same time - visual designer, HTML markup window, code behind and JavaScript editor - it’s really nice to be able to have a little more screen real estate to work on each of these editors. Microsoft made a welcome change in the environment. IntelliSense Snippets for HTML and JavaScript Editors The HTML and JavaScript editors now finally support IntelliSense scripts to create macro-based template expansions that have been in the core C# and Visual Basic code editors since Visual Studio 2005. Snippets allow you to create short XML-based template definitions that can act as static macros or real templates that can have replaceable values that can be embedded into the expanded text. The XML syntax for these snippets is straight forward and it’s pretty easy to create custom snippets manually. You can easily create snippets using XML and store them in your custom snippets folder (C:\Users\rstrahl\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Code Snippets\Visual Web Developer\My HTML Snippets and My JScript Snippets), but it helps to use one of the third-party tools that exist to simplify the process for you. I use SnippetEditor, by Bill McCarthy, which makes short work of creating snippets interactively (http://snippeteditor.codeplex.com/). Note: You may have to manually add the Visual Studio 2010 User specific Snippet folders to this tool to see existing ones you’ve created. Code snippets are some of the biggest time savers and HTML editing more than anything deals with lots of repetitive tasks that lend themselves to text expansion. Visual Studio 2010 includes a slew of built-in snippets (that you can also customize!) and you can create your own very easily. If you haven’t done so already, I encourage you to spend a little time examining your coding patterns and find the repetitive code that you write and convert it into snippets. I’ve been using CodeRush for this for years, but now you can do much of the basic expansion natively for HTML and JavaScript snippets. jQuery Integration Is Now Native jQuery is a popular JavaScript library and recently Microsoft has recently stated that it will become the primary client-side scripting technology to drive higher level script functionality in various ASP.NET Web projects that Microsoft provides. In Visual Studio 2010, the default full project template includes jQuery as part of a new project including the support files that provide IntelliSense (-vsdoc files). IntelliSense support for jQuery is now also baked into Visual Studio 2010, so unlike Visual Studio 2008 which required a separate download, no further installs are required for a rich IntelliSense experience with jQuery. Summary ASP.NET 4.0 brings many useful improvements to the platform, but thankfully most of the changes are incremental changes that don’t compromise backwards compatibility and they allow developers to ease into the new features one feature at a time. None of the changes in ASP.NET 4.0 or Visual Studio 2010 are monumental or game changers. The bigger features are language and .NET Framework changes that are also optional. This ASP.NET and tools release feels more like fine tuning and getting some long-standing kinks worked out of the platform. It shows that the ASP.NET team is dedicated to paying attention to community feedback and responding with changes to the platform and development environment based on this feedback. If you haven’t gotten your feet wet with ASP.NET 4.0 and Visual Studio 2010, there’s no reason not to give it a shot now - the ASP.NET 4.0 platform is solid and Visual Studio 2010 works very well for a brand new release. Check it out. © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET

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PHP 5.3.2 + Fcgid 2.3.5 + Apache 2.2.14 + SuExec => Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server

- by Zigzag

I'm trying to use PHP 5.3.2 + Fcgid 2.3.5 + Apache 2.2.14 but I always have the error : "Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server". And Apache returns an error 500 each time I tried to execute a php page : I have compiled the Apache with this options: ./configure --with-mpm=worker --enable-userdir=shared --enable-actions=shared --enable-alias=shared --enable-auth=shared --enable-so --enable-deflate \ --enable-cache=shared --enable-disk-cache=shared --enable-info=shared --enable-rewrite=shared \ --enable-suexec=shared --with-suexec-caller=www-data --with-suexec-userdir=site --with-suexec-logfile=/usr/local/apache2/logs/suexec.log --with-suexec-docroot=/home Then PHP: ./configure --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/apache2/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql --with-zlib --enable-exif --with-gd --enable-cgi Then FCdigd: APXS=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs ./configure.apxs The VHOST is: <Directory /home/website_panel/site/> FCGIWrapper /home/website_panel/cgi/php .php ... ErrorLog /home/website_panel/logs/error.log </Directory> cat /home/website_panel/logs/error.log [Sun Mar 07 22:19:41 2010] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] (104)Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server [Sun Mar 07 22:19:41 2010] [error] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Premature end of script headers: test.php [Sun Mar 07 22:19:41 2010] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] (104)Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server [Sun Mar 07 22:19:41 2010] [error] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Premature end of script headers: test.php [Sun Mar 07 22:19:42 2010] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] (104)Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server [Sun Mar 07 22:19:42 2010] [error] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Premature end of script headers: test.php [Sun Mar 07 22:19:43 2010] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] (104)Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server [Sun Mar 07 22:19:43 2010] [error] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Premature end of script headers: test.php The Suexec log: root:/usr/local/apache2# cat /var/log/apache2/suexec.log [2010-03-07 22:11:05]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:11:15]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:11:23]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:19:41]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:19:41]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:19:42]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:19:43]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php root:/usr/local/apache2# cat logs/error_log [Sun Mar 07 22:18:47 2010] [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/local/apache2/bin/suexec) [Sun Mar 07 22:18:47 2010] [notice] mod_bw : Memory Allocated 0 bytes (each conf takes 32 bytes) [Sun Mar 07 22:18:47 2010] [notice] mod_bw : Version 0.7 - Initialized [0 Confs] [Sun Mar 07 22:18:47 2010] [notice] Apache/2.2.14 (Unix) mod_fcgid/2.3.5 configured -- resuming normal operations root:/usr/local/apache2# /home/website_panel/cgi/php -v PHP 5.3.2 (cli) (built: Mar 7 2010 16:01:49) Copyright (c) 1997-2010 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2010 Zend Technologies If someone has got an idea, I want to hear it ^^ Thanks !

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PHP 5.3.2 + Fcgid 2.3.5 + Apache 2.2.14 + SuExec => Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error readi

- by Zigzag

Hi, I'm trying to use PHP 5.3.2 + Fcgid 2.3.5 + Apache 2.2.14 but I always have the error : "Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server". And Apache returns an error 500 each time I tried to execute a php page : I have compiled the Apache with this options: ./configure --with-mpm=worker --enable-userdir=shared --enable-actions=shared --enable-alias=shared --enable-auth=shared --enable-so --enable-deflate \ --enable-cache=shared --enable-disk-cache=shared --enable-info=shared --enable-rewrite=shared \ --enable-suexec=shared --with-suexec-caller=www-data --with-suexec-userdir=site --with-suexec-logfile=/usr/local/apache2/logs/suexec.log --with-suexec-docroot=/home Then PHP: ./configure --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/apache2/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql --with-zlib --enable-exif --with-gd --enable-cgi Then FCdigd: APXS=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs ./configure.apxs The VHOST is: <Directory /home/website_panel/site/> FCGIWrapper /home/website_panel/cgi/php .php ... ErrorLog /home/website_panel/logs/error.log </Directory> cat /home/website_panel/logs/error.log [Sun Mar 07 22:19:41 2010] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] (104)Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server [Sun Mar 07 22:19:41 2010] [error] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Premature end of script headers: test.php [Sun Mar 07 22:19:41 2010] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] (104)Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server [Sun Mar 07 22:19:41 2010] [error] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Premature end of script headers: test.php [Sun Mar 07 22:19:42 2010] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] (104)Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server [Sun Mar 07 22:19:42 2010] [error] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Premature end of script headers: test.php [Sun Mar 07 22:19:43 2010] [warn] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] (104)Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server [Sun Mar 07 22:19:43 2010] [error] [client xx.xx.xx.xx] Premature end of script headers: test.php The Suexec log: root:/usr/local/apache2# cat /var/log/apache2/suexec.log [2010-03-07 22:11:05]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:11:15]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:11:23]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:19:41]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:19:41]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:19:42]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php [2010-03-07 22:19:43]: uid: (1001/website_panel) gid: (1001/website_panel) cmd: php root:/usr/local/apache2# cat logs/error_log [Sun Mar 07 22:18:47 2010] [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/local/apache2/bin/suexec) [Sun Mar 07 22:18:47 2010] [notice] mod_bw : Memory Allocated 0 bytes (each conf takes 32 bytes) [Sun Mar 07 22:18:47 2010] [notice] mod_bw : Version 0.7 - Initialized [0 Confs] [Sun Mar 07 22:18:47 2010] [notice] Apache/2.2.14 (Unix) mod_fcgid/2.3.5 configured -- resuming normal operations root:/usr/local/apache2# /home/website_panel/cgi/php -v PHP 5.3.2 (cli) (built: Mar 7 2010 16:01:49) Copyright (c) 1997-2010 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2010 Zend Technologies If someone has got an idea, I want to hear it ^^ Thanks !

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SQL Server High Availability - Mirroring with MSCS?

- by David

I'm looking at options for high-availability for my SQL Server-powered application. The requirements are: HA protection from storage failure. Data accessibility when one of the DB servers is undergoing software updates (e.g. planned outage for Windows Update / SQL Server service-packs). Must not involve much in the way of hardware procurement. The application is an ASP.NET web application. The web application's users have their own database instances. I've seen two main options: SQL Server failover clustering, and SQL Server mirroring. I understand that SQL Server Failover Clustering requires the purchasing of a shared disk array and doesn't offer any protection if the shared storage goes down (so the documentation recommends to set up a Mirroring between two clusters). Database Mirroring seems the cheaper option (as it only requires two database servers and a simple witness box) - but I've heard it doesn't work well when you have a large number of databases. The application I'm developing involves giving each client their own database for their application - there could be hundreds of databases. Setting up the mirroring is no problem thanks to the automation systems we have in place. My final point concerns how failover works with respect to client connections - SQL Server Failover Clustering uses MSCS which means that the cluster is invisible to clients - a connection attempt might fail during the failover, but a simple reconnect will have it working again. However mirroring, as far as I know, requires that the client be aware of the mirrored partners: if the client cannot connect to the primary server then it tries the secondary server. I'm wondering how this work with respect to Connection Pooling in ASP.NET applications - does the client connection failovering mean that there's a potential 2-second (assuming 2000ms TCP timeout policy) pause when the connection pool tries the primary server on every connection attempt? I read somewhere that Mirroring can be used on top of MSCS which means that the client does not need to be aware of mirroring (so there wouldn't be any potential delays during connection, and also that no changes would need to be made to the client, not even the connection string) - however I'm finding it hard to get documentation or white papers on this approach. But if true, then it means the best method is then Mirroring (for HA) with MSCS (for client ignorance and connection performance). ...but how does this scale to a server instance that might contain hundreds of mirrored databases?

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How mod_cache working with "must-revalidate" and "max-age"?

- by Dmitriy Sosunov

Quick question before I will explain my flow: ?an mod_cache perform revalidate with if-none-match only if max-age is expired in case if it configured in reverse proxy mode? My goal is to reduce a number of revalidation requests to our the origin server. For instance: The first request goes to the origin server and then mod_cache save a response in to the cache according to header cache-control: max-age. And only when max-age is expired then mod_cache will revalidate with if-none-match. Currently, mod_cache revalidate each request, regardless that max-age is defined or not. My configuration of Apache 2.4.3 (Windows), on linux I see the same behavior that I will show below. ServerName proxy.lo ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost Off Header set Vary "Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language" RequestHeader set X-Forwarded-Proto "http" # modify header for user agent's Header set Cache-Control "private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform" CacheQuickHandler off CacheDefaultExpire 300 # the origin server do not provide last-modified CacheIgnoreNoLastMod On CacheIgnoreCacheControl On # the origin server define cache-control: private, no-store only for user agents # Therefore, I would like ignore those headers on the proxy server. CacheStorePrivate On CacheStoreNoStore On CacheEnable disk / CacheRoot "C:/Apache.Cache" CacheDirLevels 5 CacheDirLength 4 CacheMinExpire 15 CacheDetailHeader on CacheHeader on KeepAlive Off ProxyPass / http://origin.lo/ ProxyPassReverse / http://origin.lo/ Also, I have turned on debug log level to see how mod_cache handles a content for caching: I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decides that a content isn't fresh. Why?I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decide that a content isn't fresh. Why? max-age was provided (see below). [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(624): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00698: cache: Key for entity /testpage?(null) is http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(569): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00709: Recalled cached URL info header http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(865): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00720: Recalled headers for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(320): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00695: Cached response for /testpage isn't fresh. Adding/replacing conditional request headers. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(414): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00757: Adding CACHE_SAVE filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(448): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00759: Adding CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_proxy.c(1068): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH01143: Running scheme http handler (attempt 0) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1976): AH00942: HTTP: has acquired connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2029): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00944: connecting http://origin.lo/testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2151): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00947: connected /testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2554): AH00962: HTTP: connection complete to 192.168.1.100:80 (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1991): AH00943: http: has released connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [headers:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_headers.c(800): AH01502: headers: ap_headers_output_filter() [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1190): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00769: cache: Caching url: /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1196): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00770: cache: Removing CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.904890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(1318): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00737: commit_entity: Headers and body for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? cached. The first request to the origin server without mod_proxy to http://origin.lo/ GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 The first response from the origin without mod_proxy HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:11:01 GMT Content-Length: 1877 So, I assumed that revalidation must be occur only in 30 seconds after the success response. Is't right? Let's check it:) Within 30 sec, the Google Chrome didn't perform any requests to the origin server to revalidate a request and has return the response from local cache. When max-age is expired, the Google Chrome perform a request to revalidate: GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/xml If-None-Match: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and response: HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:16:20 GMT As you can see, all works as expected. User agent revalidates request only when max-age is expired. Let's now try perform the folling flow though mod_proxy (see configuration above). The first request: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the response was: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:23:36 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: MISS from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "cache miss: attempting entity save" from proxy.lo Connection: close Ok, let's see to the disk cache and try to see how request and response was stored. (I cut binary data) http://proxy.lo/testpage? Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:27:15 GMT Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language Host: proxy.lo User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 X-Forwarded-Proto: http Cache-Control: max-age=300, must-revalidate X-Forwarded-For: 192.168.1.100 X-Forwarded-Host: proxy.lo X-Forwarded-Server: origin.lo Ok, what we see? We see that the first request was performed with max-age=300 & must-revalidate Ok, looks good, as for me, lets perform the next call: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the second response from mod_proxy: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:31:58 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: REVALIDATE from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "conditional cache hit: entity refreshed" from proxy.lo Connection: close Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 SO, MY QUESTION IS: WHY mod_proxy perform revalidation on each request regardless that max-age is defined? N.B. Apache 2.4.3 Thanks, I would be grateful for any help.

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openvpn does not recover from disabling redirect-gateway

- by Marki

When I enable the redirect-gateway option on the server, restart openvpn, and restart the client software, the new default gateway is set on the client. When I then disable the redirect-gateway option in the server config, restart openvpn on the server, then on the client, the client no longer sets the old gateway, effectively breaking access to the outside world. Why could this be?

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Tomato VPN connect but cannot ping LAN IP

- by David Hamilton

I've setup TomatoVPN using these settings on the server: TAP UDP 1194 Client address pool 10.10.9.1 -10.10.9.254 LAN clients are configured with 10.10.10.x I can connect from a remote client, but pinging anything in the 10.10.10.x results in a "Destination Host Unreachable" error. Here's my client configuration script: remote x.x.x.x 1194 client dev tap0 proto udp resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun float ca ca.crt cert client1.crt key client1.key ns-cert-type server Any suggestions as how I can make this properly bridge the two networks?

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