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Can't get node.js built on cygwin

- by mwt

Following the instructions here: https://github.com/ry/node/wiki/Building-node.js-on-Cygwin-(Windows) I've tried installing on two machines, either of which I'd be happy to get up and running. WinXP On 'make', I get: Build failed: -> task failed <err #2>: {task: libv8.a SConstruct -> libv8.a} According to the instructions, this is caused by having $SHELL set to a Windows style path, but I've set it to /bin/bash and get the same error. Win7 On './configure', I get: $ ./configure Checking for program g++ or c++ : /usr/bin/g++ Checking for program cpp : /usr/bin/cpp Checking for program ar : /usr/bin/ar Checking for program ranlib : /usr/bin/ranlib Checking for g++ : ok Checking for program gcc or cc : /usr/bin/gcc 0 [main] python 1092 C:\bin\python.exe: *** fatal error - unable to remap \\?\C:\lib\python2.6\lib-dynload\_functools.dll to same address as parent: 0x360000 != 0x3E0000 Stack trace: Frame Function Args 002891E8 6102749B (002891E8, 00000000, 00000000, 00000000) 002894D8 6102749B (61177B80, 00008000, 00000000, 61179977) 0028A508 61004AFB (611A136C, 61241CF4, 00360000, 003E0000) End of stack trace 0 [main] python 3536 fork: child 1092 - died waiting for dll loading, errno 11 /Users/Michael/Desktop/node/wscript:177: error: could not configure a c compiler! I've run 'rebaseall' and restarted the machine but still get that error. Edit: Ok, rebaseall was apparently erroring on some mingw stuff, so I edited the rebaseall script to fix that, and now it configures on Win7. The new problem is that it emits the exact same error as my XP machine now when I try to make. This is on tag v0.3.5.

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different thread accessing MemoryStream

- by Wayne

There's a bit of code which writes data to a MemoryStream object directly into it's data buffer by calling GetBuffer(). It also uses and updates the Position and SetLength() properties appropriately. This code works purposes 99.9999% of the time. Literally. Only every so many 100,000's of iterations it will barf. The specific problem is that the memory.Position property suddenly returns zero instead of the appropriate value. However, code was added that checks for the 0 and throws an exception which include log of the MemoryStream properties like Position and Length in a separate method. Those return the correct value. Further addition shows that when this rare condition occurs, the memory.Position only has zero inside this particular method. Okay. Obviously, this must be a threading issue. But this code is well locked. However, the nature of this software is that it's organized by "tasks" with a scheduler and so any one of several actual O/S thread may run this code at any give time--but never more than one at a time. So it's my guess that ordinarily it so happens that the same thread keeps getting used for this method and then on a rare occasion a different thread get used. Then due to compiler optimizations, the different thread never gets the correct value. It gets a "stale" value. Ordinarily in a situation like this I would apply a "volatile" keyword to the variable in question. But that (those) variables are inside the MemoryStream object. Does anyone have any other idea? Or does this mean we have to implement our own MemoryStream object? (Just like we end up having to do with practically every collection in .NET?) It's a shame to have such an awesome platform as .NET and have virtually the entire system useless as-is for seriously parallelized applications. If I'm wrong or you have other ideas, please advise. Sincerely, Wayne

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ojspc always returns 0 on errors

- by Matt McCormick

In my Ant build.xml file, I am trying to compile JSPs using ojspc. The files are being compiled, however, the build process is still running to completion when the JSP compilation has errors. This is part of my build.xml: <java fork="true" jar="${env.ORACLE_HOME}\j2ee\home\ojspc.jar" resultproperty="result"> <jvmarg value="-Djava.compiler=NONE"/> <arg value="-extend"/> <arg value="com.orionserver.http.OrionHttpJspPage"/> <arg value="-batchMask"/> <arg value="*.jsp"/> <arg value="${target-directory}/build/target/ear/${module-dir-name}-jsp.war"/> </java> <echo level="info">Result Property: ${result}</echo> I have tried setting the property failonerror="true" but that does not change anything. I receive the following output: [java] Detected archive, now processing contents of ../build/target/ear/web-module-jsp.war... [java] Setting up temp area... [java] Expanding archive in temp area... [java] C:\DOCUME~1\MMCCOR~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\tmp12940\_web_2d_inf\_jsp\_password.java:60: cannot resolve symbol [java] symbol : variable reqvst [java] location: class _web_2d_inf._jsp._password [java] out.print(reqvst.getAttribute("test")); [java] ^ [java] 1 error [java] Creating D:\eclipse-workspace\jdw\build\..\build\target\ear\web-module-jsp.war ... [java] Removing temp area... [echo] Result Property: 0 ...(more commands) BUILD SUCCESSFUL In the password.jsp file, I intentionally introduced an error to test. How can I get the build to fail on an error? At the Ant Java page, I am confused by: By default the return code of a is ignored. Alternatively, you can set resultproperty to the name of a property and have it assigned to the result code (barring immutability, of course). When you set failonerror="true", the only possible value for resultproperty is 0. Any non-zero response is treated as an error and would mean the build exits.

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Freestanding ARM C++ Code - empty .ctors section

- by Matthew Iselin

I'm writing C++ code to run in a freestanding environment (basically an ARM board). It's been going well except I've run into a stumbling block - global static constructors. To my understanding the .ctors section contains a list of addresses to each static constructor, and my code simply needs to iterate this list and make calls to each function as it goes. However, I've found that this section in my binary is in fact completely empty! Google pointed towards using ".init_array" instead of ".ctors" (an EABI thing), but that has not changed anything. Any ideas as to why my static constructors don't exist? Relevant linker script and objdump output follows: .ctors : { . = ALIGN(4096); start_ctors = .; *(.init_array); *(.ctors); end_ctors = .; } .dtors : { . = ALIGN(4096); start_dtors = .; *(.fini_array); *(.dtors); end_dtors = .; } -- 2 .ctors 00001000 8014c000 8014c000 00054000 2**2 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA <snip> 8014d000 g O .ctors 00000004 start_ctors <snip> 8014d000 g O .ctors 00000004 end_ctors I'm using an arm-elf targeted GCC compiler (4.4.1).

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how can access public properties of MasterPage from external Class ?

- by eugeneK

Why i can't access MasterPage's public property (MessagePlaceholder) from other Class (Errors) ? Error compiler gives me is "Error 1 The type or namespace name 'MyMasterPage' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)" my master page code behind using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; public partial class MyMasterPage : System.Web.UI.MasterPage { public string MessagePlaceholder { get { return messagePlaceholder.InnerHtml; } set { messagePlaceholder.InnerHtml = value; } } protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { messagePlaceholder.InnerHtml = Errors.getMessage(); } } } my Errors Class public static string getMessage() { HttpContext c = HttpContext.Current; string messageType = ""; if (c.Session["errorMessage"] != null) { messageType = "errorMessage"; } else if (c.Session["successMessage"] != null) { messageType = "successMessage"; } if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(messageType)) { StringBuilder userMessageSb = new StringBuilder(); userMessageSb.Append(string.Format("<div id=\"{0}\" title=\"{1}\">{2}</div>", messageType, messageType.Replace("Message",string.Empty), c.Session[messageType])); // fix so message will not re-appear c.Session.Remove(messageType); messageType = userMessageSb.ToString(); } return messageType; } public static void setSuccess(string successMessage, bool isRedirect) { HttpContext.Current.Session["successMessage"] = successMessage; } public static void setError(string errorMessage, bool isRedirect) { HttpContext.Current.Session["errorMessage"] = errorMessage; if (!isRedirect) { ((HttpContext.Current.CurrentHandler as System.Web.UI.Page).Master as MyMasterPage).MessagePlaceholder = getMessage(); } } this is how i set error if (true) { Errors.setError("this is an error demo", false); return; } or with redirect after error if (true) { Errors.setError("yet another error", true); Response.Redirect("~/error.aspx"); }

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Inline function v. Macro in C -- What's the Overhead (Memory/Speed)?

- by Jason R. Mick

I searched Stack Overflow for the pros/cons of function-like macros v. inline functions. I found the following discussion: Pros and Cons of Different macro function / inline methods in C ...but it didn't answer my primary burning question. Namely, what is the overhead in c of using a macro function (with variables, possibly other function calls) v. an inline function, in terms of memory usage and execution speed? Are there any compiler-dependent differences in overhead? I have both icc and gcc at my disposal. My code snippet I'm modularizing is: double AttractiveTerm = pow(SigmaSquared/RadialDistanceSquared,3); double RepulsiveTerm = AttractiveTerm * AttractiveTerm; EnergyContribution += 4 * Epsilon * (RepulsiveTerm - AttractiveTerm); My reason for turning it into an inline function/macro is so I can drop it into a c file and then conditionally compile other similar, but slightly different functions/macros. e.g.: double AttractiveTerm = pow(SigmaSquared/RadialDistanceSquared,3); double RepulsiveTerm = pow(SigmaSquared/RadialDistanceSquared,9); EnergyContribution += 4 * Epsilon * (RepulsiveTerm - AttractiveTerm); (note the difference in the second line...) This function is a central one to my code and gets called thousands of times per step in my program and my program performs millions of steps. Thus I want to have the LEAST overhead possible, hence why I'm wasting time worrying about the overhead of inlining v. transforming the code into a macro. Based on the prior discussion I already realize other pros/cons (type independence and resulting errors from that) of macros... but what I want to know most, and don't currently know is the PERFORMANCE. I know some of you C veterans will have some great insight for me!!

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"Function object is unsubscriptable" in basic integer to string mapping function

- by IanWhalen

I'm trying to write a function to return the word string of any number less than 1000. Everytime I run my code at the interactive prompt it appears to work without issue but when I try to import wordify and run it with a test number higher than 20 it fails as "TypeError: 'function' object is unsubscriptable". Based on the error message, it seems the issue is when it tries to index numString (for example trying to extract the number 4 out of the test case of n = 24) and the compiler thinks numString is a function instead of a string. since the first line of the function is me defining numString as a string of the variable n, I'm not really sure why that is. Any help in getting around this error, or even just help in explaining why I'm seeing it, would be awesome. def wordify(n): # Convert n to a string to parse out ones, tens and hundreds later. numString = str(n) # N less than 20 is hard-coded. if n < 21: return numToWordMap(n) # N between 21 and 99 parses ones and tens then concatenates. elif n < 100: onesNum = numString[-1] ones = numToWordMap(int(onesNum)) tensNum = numString[-2] tens = numToWordMap(int(tensNum)*10) return tens+ones else: # TODO pass def numToWordMap(num): mapping = { 0:"", 1:"one", 2:"two", 3:"three", 4:"four", 5:"five", 6:"six", 7:"seven", 8:"eight", 9:"nine", 10:"ten", 11:"eleven", 12:"twelve", 13:"thirteen", 14:"fourteen", 15:"fifteen", 16:"sixteen", 17:"seventeen", 18:"eighteen", 19:"nineteen", 20:"twenty", 30:"thirty", 40:"fourty", 50:"fifty", 60:"sixty", 70:"seventy", 80:"eighty", 90:"ninety", 100:"onehundred", 200:"twohundred", 300:"threehundred", 400:"fourhundred", 500:"fivehundred", 600:"sixhundred", 700:"sevenhundred", 800:"eighthundred", 900:"ninehundred", } return mapping[num] if __name__ == '__main__': pass

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C#: Need one of my classes to trigger an event in another class to update a text box

- by Matt

Total n00b to C# and events although I have been programming for a while. I have a class containing a text box. This class creates an instance of a communication manager class that is receiving frames from the Serial Port. I have this all working fine. Every time a frame is received and its data extracted, I want a method to run in my class with the text box in order to append this frame data to the text box. So, without posting all of my code I have my form class... public partial class Form1 : Form { CommManager comm; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); comm = new CommManager(); } private void updateTextBox() { //get new values and update textbox } . . . and I have my CommManager class class CommManager { //here we manage the comms, recieve the data and parse the frame } SO... essentially, when I parse that frame, I need the updateTextBox method from the form class to run. I'm guessing this is possible with events but I can't seem to get it to work. I tried adding an event handler in the form class after creating the instance of CommManager as below... comm = new CommManager(); comm.framePopulated += new EventHandler(updateTextBox); ...but I must be doing this wrong as the compiler doesn't like it... Any ideas?!

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Segmentation Fault when trying to push a string to the back of a list.

- by user308012

I am trying to write a logger class for my C++ calculator, but I'm experiencing a problem while trying to push a string into a list. I have tried researching this issue and have found some information on this, but nothing that seems to help with my problem. I am using a rather basic C++ compiler, with little debugging utilities and I've not used C++ in quite some time (even then it was only a small amount). My code: #ifndef _LOGGER_H_ #define _LOGGER_H_ #include <iostream> #include <list> #include <string> using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl; using std::list; using std::string; class Logger { private: list<string> *mEntries; public: Logger() { // Initialize the entries list mEntries = new list<string>(); } ~Logger() { // Release the list mEntries->clear(); delete mEntries; } // Public Methods void WriteEntry(string entry) { // *** BELOW LINE IS MARKED WITH THE ERROR *** mEntries->push_back(string(entryData)); } void DisplayEntries() { cout << endl << "**********************" << endl << "* Logger Entries *" << endl << "**********************" << endl << endl; for(list<string>::iterator it = mEntries->begin(); it != mEntries->end(); it++) { cout << *it << endl; } } }; #endif I am calling the WriteEntry method by simply passing in a string, like so: mLogger->WriteEntry("Testing"); Any advice on this would be greatly appreciated.

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Using resources with the same name in Xcode

- by Roberto

Is there a way to add multiple resources with the same name to an Xcode project and have 1 of them take priority over the others? Example: I added 2 files, both called icon.png, to an Xcode project. They are on different folders in the file system (Folder1/icon.png and Folder2/icon.png) and on different groups in Xcode. Is there a way to tell Xcode to have Folder2/icon.png take priority over Folder1/icon.png? And if only 1 icon.png exists, then use that one. Thanks. EDIT (2010-12-23): You can have multiple files with the same name in an Xcode project even if they are not in separate folder references, but they are in separate groups. Once compiled, the app bundle (which will be flat with no folders in it), will only have one copy of the file (icon.png). How do you pick which copy of the file to use? I was told that you can do this for BlackBerry. It works something like this: The compiler will go down the list of files in the project and start adding them to the app bundle. If it sees a duplicate, it will overwrite it (or not), so the files at the bottom (or at the top) will have higher precedence and will be the final bundle.

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Capturing wildcards in java generics

- by Rollerball

From this orcale java tutorial: The WildcardError example produces a capture error when compiled: import java.util.List; public class WildcardError { void foo(List<?> i) { i.set(0, i.get(0)); } } After this error demonstration, they fix the problem by using a helper method: public class WildcardFixed { void foo(List<?> i) { fooHelper(i); } // Helper method created so that the wildcard can be captured // through type inference. private <T> void fooHelper(List<T> l) { l.set(0, l.get(0)); } } First, they say that the list input parameter (i) is seen as an Object: In this example, the compiler processes the i input parameter as being of type Object. Why then i.get(0) does not return an Object? if it was already passed in as such? Furthermore what is the point of using a <?> when then you have to use an helper method using <T>. Would not be better using directly which can be inferred?

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Modifying bundled properties from visitor

- by ravenspoint

How should I modify the bundled properties of a vertex from inside a visitor? I would like to use the simple method of sub-scripting the graph, but the graph parameter passed into the visitor is const, so compiler disallows changes. I can store a reference to the graph in the visitor, but this seems weird. /** A visitor which identifies vertices as leafs or trees */ class bfs_vis_leaf_finder:public default_bfs_visitor { public: /** Constructor @param[in] total reference to int variable to store total number of leaves @param[in] g reference to graph ( used to modify bundled properties ) */ bfs_vis_leaf_finder( int& total, graph_t& g ) : myTotal( total ), myGraph( g ) { myTotal = 0; } /** Called when the search finds a new vertex If the vertex has no children, it is a leaf and the total leaf count is incremented */ template <typename Vertex, typename Graph> void discover_vertex( Vertex u, Graph& g) { if( out_edges( u, g ).first == out_edges( u, g ).second ) { myTotal++; //g[u].myLevel = s3d::cV::leaf; myGraph[u].myLevel = s3d::cV::leaf; } else { //g[u].myLevel = s3d::cV::tree; myGraph[u].myLevel = s3d::cV::tree; } } int& myTotal; graph_t& myGraph; };

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c++ floating point precision loss: 3015/0.00025298219406977296

- by SigTerm

The problem. Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 compiler, 32bit windows xp sp3, amd 64 x2 cpu. Code: double a = 3015.0; double b = 0.00025298219406977296; //*((unsigned __int64*)(&a)) == 0x40a78e0000000000 //*((unsigned __int64*)(&b)) == 0x3f30945640000000 double f = a/b;//3015/0.00025298219406977296; the result of calculation (i.e. "f") is 11917835.000000000 (*((unsigned __int64*)(&f)) == 0x4166bb4160000000) although it should be 11917834.814763514 (i.e. *((unsigned __int64*)(&f)) == 0x4166bb415a128aef). I.e. fractional part is lost. Unfortunately, I need fractional part to be correct. Questions: 1) Why does this happen? 2) How can I fix the problem? Additional info: 0) The result is taken directly from "watch" window (it wasn't printed, and I didn't forget to set printing precision). I also provided hex dump of floating point variable, so I'm absolutely sure about calculation result. 1) The disassembly of f = a/b is: fld qword ptr [a] fdiv qword ptr [b] fstp qword ptr [f] 2) f = 3015/0.00025298219406977296; yields correct result (f == 11917834.814763514 , *((unsigned __int64*)(&f)) == 0x4166bb415a128aef ), but it looks like in this case result is simply calculated during compile-time: fld qword ptr [__real@4166bb415a128aef (828EA0h)] fstp qword ptr [f] So, how can I fix this problem? P.S. I've found a temporary workaround (i need only fractional part of division, so I simply use f = fmod(a/b)/b at the moment), but I still would like to know how to fix this problem properly - double precision is supposed to be 16 decimal digits, so such calculation isn't supposed to cause problems.

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Problem using a COM interface as parameter

- by Cesar

I have the following problem: I have to projects Project1 and Project2. In Project1 I have an interface IMyInterface. In Project2 I have an interface IMyInterface2 with a method that receives a pointer to IMyInterface1. When I use import "Project1.idl"; in my Project2.idl, a #include "Project1.h" appears in Project2___i.h. But this file does not even exist!. What is the proper way to import an interface defined into other library into a idl file? I tried to replace the #include "Project1.h" by *#include "Project1_i.h"* or *#include "Project1_i.c"*, but it gave me a lot of errors. I also tried to use importlib("Project1.tlb") and define my interface IMyInterface2 within the library definition. But when I compile Project2PS project, an error is raised (something like dlldata.c is not generated if no interface is defined). I tried to create a dummy Project1.h. But when Project2___i.h is compiled, compiler cannot find MyInterface1. And if I include Project1___i.h I get a lot of errors again! Apparently, it is a simple issue, but I don't know how to solve it. I'm stuck with that!. By the way, I'm using VS2008 SP1. Thanks in advance.

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OpenSceneGraph C++ Access Violation reading location 0x00421000

- by Kobojunkie

Working with OpenSceneGraph, and I keep running into this violation issue that I would appreciate some help with. The problem is with the particular line below which happens to be the first in my main function. osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> bench = osgDB::readNodeFile("Models/test.IVE"); I have my models folder right in my directory. The error is as below. Unhandled exception at 0x68630A6C (msvcr100.dll) in OSG3D.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0x00421000. And this is where the problem seems to be coming up. /** Read an osg::Node from file. * Return valid osg::Node on success, * return NULL on failure. * The osgDB::Registry is used to load the appropriate ReaderWriter plugin * for the filename extension, and this plugin then handles the request * to read the specified file.*/ inline osg::Node* readNodeFile(const std::string& filename) { return readNodeFile(filename,Registry::instance()->getOptions()); } I would appreciate details on how best to tackle this kind of exception message in the future. Are there tools that make this easy to debug or are there ways to capture the exact issues and fix them? I would appreciate any help with this. My ultimate goal is to learn how to better debug C++ related issues please. With this, it means reading through the compiler error list http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/850cstw1(v=vs.71).aspx is not enough

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Generic Constraints And Type Parameters Mess

- by Dummy01

Hi everyone, I have the following base abstract class defined as: public abstract class BaseObject<T> : IComparable, IComparable<T>, IEquatable<T> {} I also have an interface defined as: public interface ICode<T> where T : struct { T Code { get; } } Now I want to derive a class that is inherited from BaseObject<T> and includes interface ICode<T>. I tried to define it like that: public class DerivedObject<T, U> : BaseObject<T>, ICode<U> where T : DerivedObject<T, U> where U : struct { public DerivedObject(U code) { Code = code; } // From BaseObject protected override int InstanceCompareTo(T obj) { return Code.CompareTo(obj.Code); } // From BaseObject protected override bool InstanceEquals(T obj) { return Code.Equals(obj.Code); } // From ICode U _Code; public U Code { get { return _Code; } protected set { _Code = value; } } } The only error that comes from the compiler is for Code.CompareTo(obj.Code) with the message: 'U' does not contain a definition for 'CompareTo' and no extension method 'CompareTo' accepting a first argument of type 'U' could be found. But U is a value type and should know CompareTo. Have you any idea what I am doing wrong, or if I do all wrong? My final aim is to derive classes such these: public class Account : DerivedObject<Account, int> public class ItemGroup : DerivedObject<ItemGroup, string> Big Thanks In Advance!

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C++ : integer constant is too large for its type

- by user38586

I need to bruteforce a year for an exercise. The compiler keep throwing this error: bruteforceJS12.cpp:8:28: warning: integer constant is too large for its type [enabled by default] My code is: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){ unsigned long long year(0); unsigned long long result(318338237039211050000); unsigned long long pass(1337); while (pass != result) { for (unsigned long long i = 1; i<= year; i++) { pass += year * i * year; } cout << "pass not cracked with year = " << year << endl; ++year; } cout << "pass cracked with year = " << year << endl; } Note that I already tried with unsigned long long result(318338237039211050000ULL); I'm using gcc version 4.8.1 EDIT: Here is the corrected version using InfInt library http://code.google.com/p/infint/ #include <iostream> #include "InfInt.h" using namespace std; int main(){ InfInt year = "113"; InfInt result = "318338237039211050000"; InfInt pass= "1337"; while (pass != result) { for (InfInt i = 1; i<= year; i++) { pass += year * i * year; } cout << "year = " << year << " pass = " << pass << endl; ++year; } cout << "pass cracked with year = " << year << endl; }

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Sharepoint fails to load a C++ dll on windows 2008

- by Nathan

I have a sharepoint DLL that does some licensing things and as part of the code it uses an external C++ DLL to get the serial number of the hardisk. When i run this application on windows server 2003 it works fine, but on 2008 the whole site (loaded on load) crashes and resets continually. This is not 2008 R2 and is the same in 64 or 32 bits. If i put a debugger.break before the dll execution then I see the code get to the point of the break then never come back into the dll again. I do get some debug assertion warnings from within the function, again only in 2008, but im not sure this is related. I created a console app that runs the c# dll, which in turn loads the c++ dll, and this works perfectly on 2008 (although does show the assertion errors, but I have suppressed these now). The assertion errors are not in my code but within ICtypes.c and not something I can debug. If i put a breakpoint in the DLL it is never hit and the compiler says : "step in: Stepping over non user code" if i try to debug into the DLL using VS. I have tried wrapping the code used to call the DLL in: SPSecurity.RunWithElevatedPrivileges(delegate() but this also does not help. I have the sourcecode for this DLL so that is not a problem. If i delete the DLL from the directory I get an error about a missing DLL, if i replace it back to no error or warning just a complete failure. If i replace this code with a hardcoded string the whole application works fine. Any advice would be much appreciated, I can't understand why it works as a console app yet not when run by sharepoint, this is with the same user account, on the same machine... This is the code used to call the DLL: [DllImport("idDll.dll", EntryPoint = "GetMachineId", SetLastError = true)] extern static string GetComponentId([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)]String s); public static string GetComponentId() { Debugger.Break(); if (_machine == string.Empty) { string temp = ""; id= ComponentId.GetComponentId(temp); } return id; }

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How to cast C struct just another struct type if their memory size are equal?

- by Eonil

I have 2 matrix structs means equal data but have different form like these: // Matrix type 1. typedef float Scalar; typedef struct { Scalar e[4]; } Vector; typedef struct { Vector e[4]; } Matrix; // Matrix type 2 (you may know this if you're iPhone developer) struct CATransform3D { CGFloat m11, m12, m13, m14; CGFloat m21, m22, m23, m24; CGFloat m31, m32, m33, m34; CGFloat m41, m42, m43, m44; }; typedef struct CATransform3D CATransform3D; Their memory size are equal. So I believe there is a way to convert these types without any pointer operations or copy like this: // Implemented from external lib. CATransform3D CATransform3DMakeScale (CGFloat sx, CGFloat sy, CGFloat sz); Matrix m = (Matrix)CATransform3DMakeScale ( 1, 2, 3 ); Is this possible? Currently compiler prints an "error: conversion to non-scalar type requested" message.

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error in assigning a const character to an unsigned char array in C++

- by mekasperasky

#include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <cstring> using namespace std; typedef unsigned long int WORD; /* Should be 32-bit = 4 bytes */ #define w 32 /* word size in bits */ #define r 12 /* number of rounds */ #define b 16 /* number of bytes in key */ #define c 4 /* number words in key */ /* c = max(1,ceil(8*b/w)) */ #define t 26 /* size of table S = 2*(r+1) words */ WORD S [t],L[c]; /* expanded key table */ WORD P = 0xb7e15163, Q = 0x9e3779b9; /* magic constants */ /* Rotation operators. x must be unsigned, to get logical right shift*/ #define ROTL(x,y) (((x)<<(y&(w-1))) | ((x)>>(w-(y&(w-1))))) #define ROTR(x,y) (((x)>>(y&(w-1))) | ((x)<<(w-(y&(w-1))))) void RC5_DECRYPT(WORD *ct, WORD *pt) /* 2 WORD input ct/output pt */ { WORD i, B=ct[1], A=ct[0]; for (i=r; i>0; i--) { B = ROTR(B-S [2*i+1],A)^A; A = ROTR(A-S [2*i],B)^B; } pt [1] = B-S [1] ;pt [0] = A-S [0]; } void RC5_SETUP(unsigned char *K) /* secret input key K 0...b-1] */ { WORD i, j, k, u=w/8, A, B, L [c]; /* Initialize L, then S, then mix key into S */ for (i=b-1,L[c-1]=0; i!=-1; i--) L[i/u] = (L[i/u]<<8)+K[ i]; for (S [0]=P,i=1; i<t; i++) S [i] = S [i-1]+Q; for (A=B=i=j=k=0; k<3*t; k++,i=(i+1)%t,j=(j+1)%c) /* 3*t > 3*c */ { A = S[i] = ROTL(S [i]+(A+B),3); B = L[j] = ROTL(L[j]+(A+B),(A+B)); } } void printword(WORD A) { WORD k; for (k=0 ;k<w; k+=8) printf("%02.2lX",(A>>k)&0xFF); } int main() { WORD i, j, k, pt [2], pt2 [2], ct [2] = {0,0}; unsigned char key[b]; ofstream out("cpt.txt"); ifstream in("key.txt"); if(!in) { cout << "Cannot open file.\n"; return 1; } if(!out) { cout << "Cannot open file.\n"; return 1; } key="111111000001111"; RC5_SETUP(key); ct[0]=2185970173; ct[1]=3384368406; for (i=1;i<2;i++) { RC5_DECRYPT(ct,pt2); printf("\n plaintext "); printword(pt [0]); printword(pt[1]); } return 0; } When I compile this code, I get two warnings and also an error saying that I can't assign a char value to my character array. Why is that?

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`enable_shared_from_this` has a non-virtual destructor

- by Shtééf

I have a pet project with which I experiment with new features of the upcoming C++0x standard. While I have experience with C, I'm fairly new to C++. To train myself into best practices, (besides reading a lot), I have enabled some strict compiler parameters (using GCC 4.4.1): -std=c++0x -Werror -Wall -Winline -Weffc++ -pedantic-errors This has worked fine for me. Until now, I have been able to resolve all obstacles. However, I have a need for enable_shared_from_this, and this is causing me problems. I get the following warning (error, in my case) when compiling my code (probably triggered by -Weffc++): base class ‘class std::enable_shared_from_this<Package>’ has a non-virtual destructor So basically, I'm a bit bugged by this implementation of enable_shared_from_this, because: A destructor of a class that is intended for subclassing should always be virtual, IMHO. The destructor is empty, why have it at all? I can't imagine anyone would want to delete their instance by reference to enable_shared_from_this. But I'm looking for ways to deal with this, so my question is really, is there a proper way to deal with this? And: am I correct in thinking that this destructor is bogus, or is there a real purpose to it?

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Why is it that an int in C++ that isnt initialized (then used) doesn't return an error?

- by omizzle

I am new to C++ (just starting). I come from a Java background and I was trying out the following piece of code that would sum the numbers between 1 and 10 (inclusive) and then print out the sum: /* * File: main.cpp * Author: omarestrella * * Created on June 7, 2010, 8:02 PM */ #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int sum; for(int x = 1; x <= 10; x++) { sum += x; } cout << "The sum is: " << sum << endl; return 0; } When I ran it it kept printing 32822 for the sum. I knew the answer was supposed to be 55 and realized that its print the max value for a short (32767) plus 55. Changing int sum; to int sum = 0; would work (as it should, since the variable needs to be initialized!). Why does this behavior happen, though? Why doesnt the compiler warn you about something like this? I know Java screams at you when something isnt initialized. Thank you.

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What is wrong with this Fortran '77 snippet?

- by notJim

I've been tasked with maintaing some legacy fortran code, and I'm having trouble getting it to compile with gfortran. I've written a fair amount of Fortran 95, but this is my first experience with Fortran 77. This snippet of code is the problematic one: CHARACTER*22 IFILE, OFILE IFILE='TEST.IN' OFILE='TEST.OUT' OPEN(5,FILE=IFILE,STATUS='NEW') OPEN(6,FILE=OFILE,STATUS='NEW') common/pabcde/nfghi When I compile with gfortran file.FOR, all lines starting with the common statement are errors (e.g. Error: Unexpected COMMON statement at (1) for each following line until it hits the 25 error limit). I compiled with -Wall -pedantic, but fixing the warnings did not fix this problem. The crazy thing is that if I comment out all 4 lines starting with IF='TEST.IN', the program compiles and works as expected, but I must comment out all of them. Leaving any of them uncommented gives me the same errors starting with the common statement. If I comment out the common statement, I get the same errors, just starting on the following line. I am on OS X Leopard (not Snow Leopard) using gfortran. I've used this very system with gfortran extensively to write Fortran 95 programs, so in theory the compiler itself is sane. What the hell is going on with this code?

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Can knowing C actually hurt the code you write in higher level languages?

- by Jurily

The question seems settled, beaten to death even. Smart people have said smart things on the subject. To be a really good programmer, you need to know C. Or do you? I was enlightened twice this week. The first one made me realize that my assumptions don't go further than my knowledge behind them, and given the complexity of software running on my machine, that's almost non-existent. But what really drove it home was this Slashdot comment: The end result is that I notice the many naive ways in which traditional C "bare metal" programmers assume that higher level languages are implemented. They make bad "optimization" decisions in projects they influence, because they have no idea how a compiler works or how different a good runtime system may be from the naive macro-assembler model they understand. Then it hit me: C is just one more abstraction, like all others. Even the CPU itself is only an abstraction! I've just never seen it break, because I don't have the tools to measure it. I'm confused. Has my mind been mutilated beyond recovery, like Dijkstra said about BASIC? Am I living in a constant state of premature optimization? Is there hope for me, now that I realized I know nothing about anything? Is there anything to know, even? And why is it so fascinating, that everything I've written in the last five years might have been fundamentally wrong? To sum it up: is there any value in knowing more than the API docs tell me? EDIT: Made CW. Of course this also means now you must post examples of the interpreter/runtime optimizing better than we do :)

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What does P mean in Sort(Expression<Func<T, P>> expr, ListSortDirection direction)?

- by Grasshopper

I am attempting to use the answer in post: How do you sort an EntitySet<T> to expose an interface so that I can sort an EntitySet with a Binding list. I have created the class below and I get the following compiler error: "The type or namespace 'P' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or assembly reference?). Can someone tell me what the P means and which namespace I need to include to get the method below to compile? I am very new to delegates and lamba expressions. Also, can someone confirm that if I create a BindingList from my EntitySet that any modifications I make to the BindingList will be made to the EntitySet? Basically, I have an EntitySet that I need to sort and make changes to. Then, I will need to persist these changes using the original Entity that the BindingList came from. public class EntitySetBindingWrapper<T> : BindingList<T> { public EntitySetBindingWrapper(BindingList<T> root) : base(root) { } public void Sort(Expression<Func<T, P>> expr, ListSortDirection direction) { if (expr == null) base.RemoveSortCore(); MemberExpression propExpr = expr as MemberExpression; if (propExpr == null) throw new ArgumentException("You must provide a property", "expr"); PropertyDescriptorCollection descriptorCol = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof(T)); IEnumerable<PropertyDescriptor> descriptors = descriptorCol.Cast<PropertyDescriptor>(); PropertyDescriptor descriptor = descriptors.First(pd => pd.Name == propExpr.Member.Name); base.ApplySortCore(descriptor, direction); } }

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