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• DNS with Amazon EC2 Elastic Load Balancer

  - by user68173

  I'm told that I can't make the root of a domain (example.com) a CNAME - I have to specify an IP. Given that you can't use an IP address to point at your Elastic Load Balancer, what's the best thing to do? Currently I do this: example.com - A record to elastic IP of first server- redirects to www.example.com www.example.com CNAME to hostname of load balancer If the first server is out of action, the redirect will fail. Is there a better way to approach this?

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• Amazon EC2: Switching between VM types

  - by khou

  How long does it take to switch from one VM type to another ? (small to large for example) If you are using windows VM, will you need to reconfigure your server?

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• Amazon EC2 performance vs desktop

  - by flashnik

  I'm wondering how to compare performance of EC2 instances with standard dedicated servers and desktop. I've found only comparance of defferent clouds. I need to find a solution to perform some computations which require CPU and memory (disc IO is not used). The choice is to use: EC2 (High-CPU) or Xeon 5620/5630 with DDR3 or Core i7-960/980 with DDR3 Can anybody help, how to compare their performance? I'm not speaking about reliability of alternatives, I want to understand pros and cons from the point of just performance.

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• Zabbix on amazon ec2. Installation

  - by 330xi

  I've read about mikoomi. And I it is not suitable for me. I do not have access to secret key. I want to install and use zabbix server and agent itself on instances. Is it good idea? And here is the problem: during: yum install zabbix-server-pgsql zabbix-web-pgsql zabbix-agent I got: Error: httpd24-tools conflicts with httpd-tools Error: httpd24 conflicts with httpd How to complete installation successfully?

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• How Amazon ELB Health check Works?

  - by diegodias

  I am having problems configuring ELB for my servers. I start 2 micro instances with the exact same conf and try to do Load Balancing. However they never pass the health check (HTTP port 80 path:"/"). Ping is ok on the website. So is telnet on 80. How did the health check works? Am I doing anything really wrong? EDIT: Both Direct browser access and GET (via curl) works correctly (status 200)

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• MySQL Server hitting 100% unexpectedly (Amazon AWS RDS)

  - by Luc

  Please help! We've been struggling with this one for months. This week we upped our RDS instance to the highest performing instance and although the occurrences have reduced, we're still having our DB all of a sudden hit 100%. It comes out of nowhere. Sometimes 2am, sometimes midday. I've ruled out a DOS - our pages access logs have normal traffic I've ruled out memcached suddenly dieing (hits and misses continue as normal). The SHOW PROCESSLIST while we have issues reports about 500 queries in queue. If I kill them off or restart the server, they just keep coming back and then eventually out of knowhere, our server resumes back to normal. Sometimes up to 3 hours. Our bad performing queries take .02 seconds to execute when the server eventually returns back to normal but while we're in this 100% CPU physco phase, those queries never finish executing. Please help!!!!! Anybody know anything about MYSQL query optimization? Could it be the server deciding to use different indexes all of a sudden, which puts it into a spiral?

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• Connecting jconsole using SOCKS to Amazon EC2

  - by freshfunk

  I'm trying to use jconsole to view stats on an EC2 instance by using a socks proxy created by SSH. I've tried the various scripts mentioned in the links below but to no avail: http://simplygenius.com/2010/08/jconsole-via-socks-ssh-tunnel.html http://gabrielcain.com/blog/2010/11/02/using-ssh-proxying-to-connect-jconsole-to-remote-cassandra-instances/ I'm running ssh -f -ND 8123 myuser@mymachine and verified that at least Firefox goes through it as a proxy. I then run jconsole -J-DsocksProxyHost=localhost -J-DsocksProxyPort=8123 service:jmx:rmi:///jndi/rmi://ec2-XX-XX-XXX-XXX.compute-1.amazonaws.com:8080/jmxrmi I run netstat -n on my EC2 instance and I see a connection created by my machine. However, the connection eventually disappears and I get a 'channel 2: open failed: connect failed: Operation timed out' from my ssh tunnel. I've opened the jmx port through the security group and I've checked the port on the EC2 instance to make sure it's open (by telnet-ing to it). I'm not sure where to look next. Are there some properties in sshd_config or ssh_config I need to enable for tunneling? Or anything in Mac OS X? I feel like a serious noob but sys administration is really not my strong point. I've spent several hours and can't get this to work.

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• Can't authorize a server for Amazon RDS

  - by Parris

  We are attempting to slowly migrate a website over to AWS among other things. We decided the first thing to move was the database. We have some dedicated server with a different hosting provider. We only have one IP. I am having trouble authorizing the ip so that the old server can connect to RDS. It simply hangs for a while while using the mysql cli, then responds: ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on 'db.address.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com' (110) It did work on my laptop though. I am not quite sure what is wrong. I have a feeling I don't quite understand CIDR/IP. I simply took the ip address and tacked on /32 at the end. Then I gleaned some information that it also has to do with subnet mask? ifconfig reports: 255.255.255.0 I found a calculator and the IP changed a bit and had /24 at the end. That still didn't work. One other note... perhaps i dont know enough about the differences between OS. The hosting provider is using centOS, while our development machines are all ubuntu. Any insight would be extremely helpful! THANKS :)

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• how to solve out of memory error in java in amazon ec2 server

  - by sathishkumar

  can anyone explain about this error message? we are using IBM jre to run java application Its occupying more space on the server. JVMDUMP006I Processing dump event "systhrow", detail "java/lang/OutOfMemoryError" - please wait. JVMDUMP006I Processing dump event "systhrow", detail "java/lang/OutOfMemoryError" - please wait. JVMDUMP032I JVM requested Heap dump using '/home/sathish/jetty6/heapdump.20110417.114115.18926.0001.phd' in response to an event JVMDUMP010I Heap dump written to /home/sathish/jetty6/heapdump.20110417.114115.18926.0001.phd JVMDUMP032I JVM requested Heap dump using '/home/sathish/jetty6/heapdump.20110417.114115.18926.0002.phd' in response to an event JVMDUMP010I Heap dump written to /home/sathish/jetty6/heapdump.20110417.114115.18926.0002.phd JVMDUMP032I JVM requested Heap dump using '/home/sathish/jetty6/heapdump.20110417.114115.18926.0003.phd' in response to an event JVMDUMP010I Heap dump written to /home/sathish/jetty6/heapdump.20110417.114115.18926.0003.phd JVMDUMP032I JVM requested Java dump using '/home/sathish/jetty6/javacore.20110417.114115.18926.0004.txt' in response to an event JVMDUMP010I Java dump written to /home/sathish/jetty6/javacore.20110417.114115.18926.0004.txt

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• Backup script that excludes large files using Duplicity and Amazon S3

  - by Jason

  I'm trying to write an backup script that will exclude files over a certain size. My script gives the proper command, but when run within the script it outputs an an error. However if the same command is run manually everything works...??? Here is the script based on one easy found with google #!/bin/bash # Export some ENV variables so you don't have to type anything export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="accesskey" export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="secretaccesskey" export PASSPHRASE="password" SOURCE=/home/ DEST=s3+http://s3bucket GPG_KEY="7743E14E" # exclude files over 100MB exclude () { find /home/jason -size +100M \ | while read FILE; do echo -n " --exclude " echo -n \'**${FILE##/*/}\' | sed 's/\ /\\ /g' #Replace whitespace with "\ " done } echo "Using Command" echo "duplicity --encrypt-key=$GPG_KEY --sign-key=$GPG_KEY `exclude` $SOURCE $DEST" duplicity --encrypt-key=$GPG_KEY --sign-key=$GPG_KEY `exclude` $SOURCE $DEST # Reset the ENV variables. export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID= export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY= export PASSPHRASE= If run I recieve the error; Command line error: Expected 2 args, got 6 Enter 'duplicity --help' for help screen. Any help your could offer would be greatly appreciated.

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• Problem with script that excludes large files using Duplicity and Amazon S3

  - by Jason

  I'm trying to write an backup script that will exclude files over a certain size. If i run the script duplicity gives an error. However if i copy and paste the same command generated by the script everything works... Here is the script #!/bin/bash # Export some ENV variables so you don't have to type anything export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="accesskey" export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="secretaccesskey" export PASSPHRASE="password" SOURCE=/home/ DEST=s3+http://s3bucket GPG_KEY="gpgkey" # exclude files over 100MB exclude () { find /home/jason -size +100M \ | while read FILE; do echo -n " --exclude " echo -n \'**${FILE##/*/}\' | sed 's/\ /\\ /g' #Replace whitespace with "\ " done } echo "Using Command" echo "duplicity --encrypt-key=$GPG_KEY --sign-key=$GPG_KEY `exclude` $SOURCE $DEST" duplicity --encrypt-key=$GPG_KEY --sign-key=$GPG_KEY `exclude` $SOURCE $DEST # Reset the ENV variables. export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID= export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY= export PASSPHRASE= When the script is run I get the error; Command line error: Expected 2 args, got 6 Where am i going wrong??

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• Installing SSL certs with nginx on Amazon EC2

  - by Ethan

  I finally got a cert from an authority and am struggling to get things working. I've created the appropriate combined certificate (personal + intermediate + root) and nginx is pointing to it. I got an elastic IP and connected it to my EC2 instance. My DNS records point to that IP. But when I point the browser to the hostname, I get the standard "Connection Untrusted" bit, with ssl_error_bad_cert_domain. Port 443 is open - I can get to the site over https if I ignore the warning. Weird thing is, under technical details, it lists the domain I tried to access as valid! When I try and diagnose with ssl testing sites, they don't even detect a certificate! What am I missing here? domain is yanlj.coinculture.info. Note I've got coinculture.info running on a home server without a dedicated IP and have the same problem, but I'll be moving that to the same EC2 instance as soon as I figure this thing out. I thought the elastic IP would solve things but it hasn't

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• Amazon EC2 - Unable to connect to MySQL

  - by alexus

  I'm having issue connecting from one VM to another # nmap -p3306 ip-XX-XX-XX-XX.ec2.internal Starting Nmap 6.40 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-06-10 17:50 EDT Nmap scan report for ip-XX-XX-XX-XX.ec2.internal (XX.XX.XX.XX) Host is up (0.000033s latency). PORT STATE SERVICE 3306/tcp closed mysql Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1.05 seconds # in my Security Group I allowed Inbound connectivity via port TCP, portrange 3306 and Source 0.0.0.0/0, so theoratically it should work, but in reality it doesn't( I'm running red hat enterprise linux 7 on both VMs. mariadb.service running fine on another VM and I am able to connect to it locally. DB's: # netstat -anp | grep 3306 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2324/mysqld # iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination # Any ideas what else I missed?

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• Allowing a private subnet EC2 access to the internet - Amazon AWS

  - by Xavier Hutchinson

  I have a VPC "VPC with Public and Private Subnets" created via the VPC wizard which should include NAT for the private subnet VPCs however it's not working. They are unable to browse the internet, resolve internet names and ping internet IPs. This is a stock standard conf, I am very sure of that so I am unsure why it's not working. Perhaps there was something additional I am supposed to do that I don't know about? Thank you, Xavier.

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• OpenVPN client on Amazon EC2

  - by Matt Culbreth

  I have an account with an OpenVPN service, and I'd like to get that running on my EC2 instance running Ubuntu 12.04. I have my config file in /etc/openvpn, and it connects fine when I run sudo openvpn --config matt.ovpn. However, I then lose connectivity to the EC2 machine, and I can't SSH back to it until I reboot. Previously I have done things like sudo ip rule add from IP_ADDRESS table 10 and then sudo ip route add default via GATEWAY_IP table 10, but that's not working on EC2. Any ideas? My private IP address right now is 10.209.29.XXX and my gateway is 10.209.29.1.

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• Storing bundled AMI:s at Amazon EC2

  - by Industrial

  Hi everybody, I am totally new on configuring servers and working with EC2, so please bare with me. I managed after a lot of hair pulling to get a server with Ubuntu up and running with memcached and some other goodies that would make a great package for me. I thought that however, when storing it as an AMI with this tool I would be able to have memcached available next time I launched an instance based upon that image. What can I do to make sure that my configuration is saved properly to an instance? Question number two: - Can I someway make a command that is automatically run on server creation, like initiating memcache with "memcache -d -m 1700 -u root" or even a batch of them?

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• Git and Amazon EC2 public key denied

  - by MrNart

  I had git working before on /var/html/projectfolder and realized it was a security risk so I made a new folder /projects from the root folder and tried to replicate what I did and now it doesnt work. Here is the backlog of what I did for my local machine and EC2 - server Server-EC2 1.I added my public key to the authorized_user file in ~/.ssh folder 2.Create a bare repository git init --bare 3.Change folder permissions to sudo chgrp -R ec2-user * sudo chmod -R g+ws * Local Machine create a local repository with git init touch, add, commit readme file pointed origin master to ec2 via git remote add origin ssh://ec2-user@remote-ip/path/to/folder This is my output: Permission Denied (publickey) fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

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• Amazon EC2: Instances, IPs and a wordpress blog (LAMP)

  - by JustinXXVII

  I had a link to my blog posted on Reddit yesterday and MySQL crashed on my EC2 Micro instance. I know I didn't have that many visitors because I used a marketing link that tracks hits. The link got 167 hits over the course of the last 18 hours, and MySQL crashed twice. So anyway, 167 visits is not a lot, so I've done some short term optimizations like restricting the number of Apache threads to limit the MySQL calls. I also set up WP Super Cache to serve static content. Soon I'm going to offload all of my images to S3 or CloudFront. So this leads me to my question. If this doesn't seem to help, and if i have another traffic "spike", how do AMIs work when you have a MySQL database? I think I understand that if you have more than one instance and assign the same Elastic IP to both of them, the incoming traffic gets distributed among both. But what happens when the MySQL database gets updated on one of the instances? I just need to wrap my mind around what happens when I create an AMI and then launch a new instance to help with traffic. Thanks for your suggestions.

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• How to monitor an Amazon EC2 instance

  - by sektor

  Is there a way to monitor ec2 instances without using cloudwatch? I ask this since ec2 instances are basically VPS's, and using output from commands like top, vmstat, htop in scripts may not give the clear picture as the CPU cycles are shared between other instances as well. What should one keep in mind while monitoring CPU usage on a VPS?, should one have alerts based on top load or % of CPU used by user processes coupled with other factors like processes waiting on disk io, hardware interrupts?

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• Amazon EC2 open ports for security groups present in other accounts

  - by rahul

  Hi, Assume, I am having 2 ec2 accounts (say A and B), both have different list of security groups. Now I want to open a particular port (say 80) for an instance running in account A, to account B. ie, I want to only allow account B instances, to access account A's 80 port. Could any one update me, is there a way to do this.?? Additionally, may I access account A's instance from account B's instance by using its private ip address/host name ?? Thanks in Advance,

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• Unable to mount Amazon Public Dataset using ec2-create-volume

  - by the0ther

  I am trying to use a Public Dataset with the snapshot id of snap-­e1608d88. I am looking at these instructions, but they do not seem to help. The first suggestion there says I should click on Volumes and create a new volume, set it's size and availability zone, as well as specifying the snapshot id. The problem is, snapshot id is a dropdown, not a text field, and there are over 100 options in the dropdown. Next I installed the ec2 command line tools and tried to run the ec2-create-volume command. For my first attempt I tried ec2-create-volume --snapshot snap-­e1608d88 --availability-zone us-east-1 but that gave output indicating I need to provide a certificate with the --cert switch. Which certficate exactly? I tried my SSH cert at ~/.ssh/id_rsa. No dice. I got the following Java error: "org.codehaus.xfire.fault.XFireFault: General security error;"

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• Amazon EC2 Socket connection not being accepted

  - by Joseph

  I am trying to run a java application on my EC2 instance. The application accepts socket connections on port 54321. If I try and connect to it, it times out. My Security Group is set as: TCP Port (Service) Source Action 21 0.0.0.0/0 Delete 22 (SSH) 0.0.0.0/0 Delete 80 (HTTP) 0.0.0.0/0 Delete 20393 0.0.0.0/0 Delete 54321 0.0.0.0/0 Delete Is there anything else I need to do? # iptables -nvL Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination # iptables -nvL -t nat Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination #

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• use Amazon EC2 tools in Capistrano to get the servers to push the code

  - by APZ

  I am trying to use EC2 tools to get all the machines with a particular tag in some type of array in /config/deploy/prod.rb file in Capistrano. Something like this: In prod.rb file: //untested command workers-array[]=$(ec2-describe-instances -F vpc-id=1234 -F tag:Env=prod -F tag:SystemType=worker) for(i=0;i<workers-array.len;i++){ role :worker-A, workers-array[i] } I am not sure how we can do this in capistrano, am new to ruby too. Guys any help on this would be really appreciated.

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• Copy an Amazon EC2 Instance to use locally

  - by Excolo

  Ok, so we have a spare server I have installed Debian Wheezy on, and setup Xen on for virtual machines. It has better performance than all our ec2 instances combined, and will cost less to run (for a few various reasons) I would like to get the EC2 instances downloaded to my server, and converted to run for Xen, but im having difficulty finding anything specific. I did not setup the EC2 instances myself, and am not very familiar with them. Everything I have found (which isnt much) just says "Do XYZ" and I have no idea how to do those. So being as specific as possible would be helpful. Also, confusingly I see people writing in forums saying you can only export linux images (which mine are, Ubuntu images) but then I see on amazons export tool saying you can only export Windows server? Am I missing something here? Is that not the right place to be looking? Thanks

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• amazon ec2-medium apache requests per second terrible

  - by TheDayIsDone

  EDITED -- test running from localhost now to rule out network... i have a c1.medium using EBS. when i do an apache benchmark and i'm just printing a "hello" for the test from localhost - no database hits, it's very slow. i can repeat this test many times with the same results. any thoughts? thanks in advance. ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://localhost/home/test/ Benchmarking localhost (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 700 requests Completed 800 requests Completed 900 requests Completed 1000 requests Finished 1000 requests Server Software: Apache/2.2.23 Server Hostname: localhost Server Port: 80 Document Path: /home/test/ Document Length: 5 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 25.300 seconds Complete requests: 1000 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Total transferred: 816000 bytes HTML transferred: 5000 bytes Requests per second: 39.53 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 2530.037 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 25.300 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 31.50 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 7 21.0 0 73 Processing: 81 2489 665.7 2500 4057 Waiting: 80 2443 654.0 2445 4057 Total: 85 2496 653.5 2500 4057 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 2500 66% 2651 75% 2842 80% 2932 90% 3301 95% 3506 98% 3762 99% 3838 100% 4057 (longest request)

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