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  • how to wrap a function that only takes individual elements to make it take a list

    - by stevejb
    Hello, Say I have a function handed to me that I cannot change and must use as is. This function takes several objects in the form of oldFunction( object1, object2, object3, ...) where ... are other arguments. I want to write a wrapper to take a list of objects. My idea was this. sjb.ListWrapper <- function(myList,...) { lLen <- length(myList) myStr <- "" for( i in 1:lLen) { myStr <- paste(myStr, "myList[[", i , "]],",sep="") } myCode <- paste("oldFunction(", myStr, "...)") eval({myCode}) } However, the issue is that I want to use this from Sweave and I need the output of oldFunction to be printed. What is the right way to do this? Thanks.

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  • What explains the term orthogonal in a more non-nerd fashion?

    - by dontWatchMyProfile
    For example: Cardinality and optionality are orthogonal properties of a relationship. You can specify that a relationship is optional, even if you have specified upper and/or lower bounds. This means that there do not have to be any objects at the destination, but if there are then the number of objects must lie within the bounds specified. What exactly does "orthogonal" mean? I bet it's just a fancy soundig nerd-style word for something that could be expressed a lot easier to understand for average people ;) From wikipedia: In mathematics, two vectors are orthogonal if they are perpendicular, i.e., they form a right angle. The word comes from the Greek ????? (orthos), meaning "straight", and ????a (gonia), meaning "angle". Anyone?

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  • FileInputStream for a generic file System

    - by Akhil
    I have a file that contains java serialized objects like "Vector". I have stored this file over Hadoop Distributed File System(HDFS). Now I intend to read this file (using method readObject) in one of the map task. I suppose FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream("hdfs/path/to/file"); wont' work as the file is stored over HDFS. So I thought of using org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem class. But Unfortunately it does not have any method that returns FileInputStream. All it has is a method that returns FSDataInputStream but I want a inputstream that can read serialized java objects like vector from a file rather than just primitive data types that FSDataInputStream would do. Please help!

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  • Python: Repeat elements in a list comprehension?

    - by User
    I have the following list comprehension which returns a list of coordinate objects for each location. coordinate_list = [Coordinates(location.latitude, location.longitude) for location in locations] This works. Now suppose the location object has a number_of_times member. I want a list comprehension to generate n Coordinate objects where n is the number_of_times for the particular location. So if a location has number_of_times = 5 then the coordinates for that location will be repeated 5 times in the list. (Maybe this is a case for a for-loop but I'm curious if it can be done via list comprehensions)

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  • Sharepoint: How to obtain the current site/web/list properly

    - by driAn
    Hi all What is the best way to obtain the current site/web/list ? Option 1 - Reusing existing objects SPSite site = SPContext.Current.Site; SPweb web = SPContext.Current.Web; SPList list = SPContext.Current.List; Option 2 - Creating new objects SPSite site = new SPSite(SPContext.Current.Site.ID); // dispose me SPweb web = site.OpenWeb(SPContext.Current.Web.ID); // dispose me SPList list = web.Lists[SPContext.Current.List.ID]; I experienced problems when using option 1 in some situations. Since then I chose the 2nd option and it worked fine so far. What is your opinion on this? I is generally better to go with option 2? Other suggestions?

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  • Ruby efficient way of building an array from an array of arrays

    - by randombits
    I have an array of ActiveRecord objects, each one which has its own respective errors array. I want to flatten it all out and get only the unique values into one array. So the top level array might look like: foo0 = Foo.new foo1 = Foo.new foo2 = Foo.new foo3 = Foo.new arr = [foo0, foo1, foo2, foo3] Each one of those objects could potentially have an array of errors, and I'd like to get just the unique message out of them and put them in another array, say called error_arr. How would you do it the "Ruby" way?

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  • How to analyse contents of binary serialization stream?

    - by Tao
    I'm using binary serialization (BinaryFormatter) as a temporary mechanism to store state information in a file for a relatively complex (game) object structure; the files are coming out much larger than I expect, and my data structure includes recursive references - so I'm wondering whether the BinaryFormatter is actually storing multiple copies of the same objects, or whether my basic "number of objects and values I should have" arithmentic is way off-base, or where else the excessive size is coming from. Searching on stack overflow I was able to find the specification for Microsoft's binary remoting format: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc236844(PROT.10).aspx What I can't find is any existing viewer that enables you to "peek" into the contents of a binaryformatter output file - get object counts and total bytes for different object types in the file, etc; I feel like this must be my "google-fu" failing me (what little I have) - can anyone help? This must have been done before, right??

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  • Best practices for extending third party databases?

    - by Eric Watkins
    I have a situation where our developers extended a Third party database (MS SQL) by adding tables, views, stored procedures, and functions. Recently when the vender issued updates to the database they dropped all of our custom objects. The question now is what are some best practices that will allow us to extend the third party database but keep our objects safe from future updates? My first thought is to create a separate database but then I’m stuck with fully qualifying all the references back to the original database which may cause issues promoting database changes from test to production.

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  • SForceAPI : unable to find classes listed on API? (Account, Contact, etc)

    - by Firefox
    Hi, API referred : http://www.salesforce.com/us/developer/docs/api/index.htm subsection: reference-standard objects Client side details : partner.wsdl, Axis2 1.5, generated stubs using unpacked option (-u). I was hoping to find some basic objects like Account, Contact, etc (which were listed on above url) so that I can do something like - SObject[] sObjArray = queryResult.getRecords(); for(SObject sObj : sObjArray){ Account acc = [Account] sObj; } [used above approach successfully in another webservice - 'Zuora'] However, I could not find Account class in the generated classes. I guess I am into wrong approach, but atleast I should be finding the classes listed in the reference API. Please help.

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  • Conceptual question about NSAutoreleasePools

    - by ryyst
    In my Cocoa program, wouldn't a really simple way of dealing with autoreleased objects be to just create a timer object inside the app delegate that calls the following method e.g. every 10 seconds: if (pool) { // Release & drain the current pool to free the memory. [pool release]; } // Create a new pool. pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; The only problems I can imagine are: 1) If the above code runs in a separate thread, an object might get autoreleased between the release call to the old pool and the creation of the new pool - that seems highly unlikely though. 2) It's obviously not that efficient, because the pool might get released if there's nothing in it. Likewise, in the 10 second gap, many many objects might be autoreleased, causing the pool to grow a lot. Still, the above solution seems pretty suitable to small and simple projects. Why doesn't anybody use it? What's the best practice of using NSAutoreleasePools?

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  • PHP 'instanceof' failing with class constant

    - by Nathan Loding
    I'm working on a framework that I'm trying to type as strongly as I possibly can. (I'm working within PHP and taking some of the ideas that I like from C# and trying to utilize them within this framework.) I'm creating a Collection class that is a collection of domain entities/objects. It's kinda modeled after the List<T> object in .Net. I've run into an obstacle that is preventing me from typing this class. If I have a UserCollection, it should only allow User objects into it. If I have a PostCollection, it should only allow Post objects. All Collections in this framework need to have certain basic functions, such as add, remove, iterate. I created an interface, but found that I couldn't do the following: interface ICollection { public function add($obj) } class PostCollection implements ICollection { public function add(Post $obj) {} } This broke it's compliance with the interface. But I can't have the interface strongly typed because then all Collections are of the same type. So I attempted the following: interface ICollection { public function add($obj) } abstract class Collection implements ICollection { const type = 'null'; } class PostCollection { const type = 'Post'; public function add($obj) { if(!($obj instanceof self::type)) { throw new UhOhException(); } } } When I attempt to run this code, I get syntax error, unexpected T_STRING, expecting T_VARIABLE or '$' on the instanceof statement. A little research into the issue and it looks like the root of the cause is that $obj instanceof self is valid to test against the class. It appears that PHP doesn't process the entire self::type constant statement in the expression. Adding parentheses around the self::type variable threw an error regarding an unexpected '('. An obvious workaround is to not make the type variable a constant. The expression $obj instanceof $this->type works just fine (if $type is declared as a variable, of course). I'm hoping that there's a way to avoid that, as I'd like to define the value as a constant to avoid any possible change in the variable later. Any thoughts on how I can achieve this, or have I take PHP to it's limit in this regard? Is there a way of "escaping" or encapsulating self::this so that PHP won't die when processing it?

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  • VB.net: Custom ' TODO: List on an Interface

    - by Shiftbit
    How do I add my own todo and comments list to appear on Interfaces? I want it to pop up like IDisposable does: Public Class Foo : Implements IDisposable Private disposedValue As Boolean = False ' To detect redundant calls ' IDisposable Protected Overridable Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean) If Not Me.disposedValue Then If disposing Then ' TODO: free other state (managed objects). End If ' TODO: free your own state (unmanaged objects). ' TODO: set large fields to null. End If Me.disposedValue = True End Sub #Region " IDisposable Support " ' This code added by Visual Basic to correctly implement the disposable pattern. Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose ' Do not change this code. Put cleanup code in Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean) above. Dispose(True) GC.SuppressFinalize(Me) End Sub #End Region End Class Whenever I enter my own comments and todo list they are never autogenerated like IDisposable Interface does. I would like my own Interfaces to preserve the comments so that I can share my Interfaces with in source documentation.

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  • ACCESS 2003 Excel 2003 : VBA for opening Excel file from Access and copying a pictre from excel the

    - by Justin
    So I have an excel workbook that has a nice global map of shaperange objects. With some very simple code I can change the colors, group and ungroup collections of countries into arrays, etc...and it works pretty well. However, I would like to bring this into Access. So I could copy and paste all the shapes into an access form manually, but then they become pictures and I cannot change the colors of the countries (shaperange objects) to have the map act interactively as I can in excel. So I am thinking that I know how to use excel functions from access, and how to open excel from access. Is there a way to copy an object from excel (I know the file name and the shape name that i mean to copy everytime), and bringing it back to access to paste on a form? Atypical, I know, all my Access questions are. Thanks!

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  • Using Core Data Concurrently and Reliably

    - by John Topley
    I'm building my first iOS app, which in theory should be pretty straightforward but I'm having difficulty making it sufficiently bulletproof for me to feel confident submitting it to the App Store. Briefly, the main screen has a table view, upon selecting a row it segues to another table view that displays information relevant for the selected row in a master-detail fashion. The underlying data is retrieved as JSON data from a web service once a day and then cached in a Core Data store. The data previous to that day is deleted to stop the SQLite database file from growing indefinitely. All data persistence operations are performed using Core Data, with an NSFetchedResultsController underpinning the detail table view. The problem I am seeing is that if you switch quickly between the master and detail screens several times whilst fresh data is being retrieved, parsed and saved, the app freezes or crashes completely. There seems to be some sort of race condition, maybe due to Core Data importing data in the background whilst the main thread is trying to perform a fetch, but I'm speculating. I've had trouble capturing any meaningful crash information, usually it's a SIGSEGV deep in the Core Data stack. The table below shows the actual order of events that happen when the detail table view controller is loaded: Main Thread Background Thread viewDidLoad Get JSON data (using AFNetworking) Create child NSManagedObjectContext (MOC) Parse JSON data Insert managed objects in child MOC Save child MOC Post import completion notification Receive import completion notification Save parent MOC Perform fetch and reload table view Delete old managed objects in child MOC Save child MOC Post deletion completion notification Receive deletion completion notification Save parent MOC Once the AFNetworking completion block is triggered when the JSON data has arrived, a nested NSManagedObjectContext is created and passed to an "importer" object that parses the JSON data and saves the objects to the Core Data store. The importer executes using the new performBlock method introduced in iOS 5: NSManagedObjectContext *child = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSPrivateQueueConcurrencyType]; [child setParentContext:self.managedObjectContext]; [child performBlock:^{ // Create importer instance, passing it the child MOC... }]; The importer object observes its own MOC's NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification and then posts its own notification which is observed by the detail table view controller. When this notification is posted the table view controller performs a save on its own (parent) MOC. I use the same basic pattern with a "deleter" object for deleting the old data after the new data for the day has been imported. This occurs asynchronously after the new data has been fetched by the fetched results controller and the detail table view has been reloaded. One thing I am not doing is observing any merge notifications or locking any of the managed object contexts or the persistent store coordinator. Is this something I should be doing? I'm a bit unsure how to architect this all correctly so would appreciate any advice.

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  • Persisting a single UISearchBar instance across 4 separate UITableViews

    - by Jacob Relkin
    Hi fellas, I'm in the midst of an iPhone app that needs to have 4 separate UITableView objects sharing access to one UISearchBar in the first section and first row of the aforementioned UITableView objects. I have tried to offset the UITableView's frame by 44 pixels, then adding the search bar as a subview of my UIViewController's view. That works, but I cannot use the table index to scroll up to the search bar, since it is not a cell in the tableview. I need to have the search bar in the table view itself. My goal is to have the same UISearchBar in the first section of multiple tableviews. Thanks so much.

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  • How to populate GridView if Internet not available but images already cached to SD Card

    - by Sophie
    Hello I am writing an Application in which i am parsing JSON Images and then caching into SD Card. What I want to do ? I want to load images into GridView from JSON (by caching images into SD Card), and wanna populate GridView (no matter Internet available or not) once images already downloaded into SD Card. What I am getting ? I am able to cache images into SD Card, also to populate GridView, but not able to show images into GridView (if Internet not available) but images cached into SD Card @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { myGridView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_church_grid, container, false); if (isNetworkAvailable()) { new DownloadJSON().execute(); } else { Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Internet not available !", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } return myGridView ; } private boolean isNetworkAvailable() { ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager) getActivity().getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE); NetworkInfo info = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo(); return (info != null); } // DownloadJSON AsyncTask private class DownloadJSON extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> { @Override protected void onPreExecute() { super.onPreExecute(); // Create a progressdialog mProgressDialog = new ProgressDialog(getActivity()); // Set progressdialog title mProgressDialog.setTitle("Church Application"); // Set progressdialog message mProgressDialog.setMessage("Loading Images..."); mProgressDialog.setIndeterminate(false); // Show progressdialog mProgressDialog.show(); } @Override protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) { // Create an array arraylist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>(); // Retrieve JSON Objects from the given URL address jsonobject = JSONfunctions .getJSONfromURL("http://snapoodle.com/APIS/android/feed.php"); try { // Locate the array name in JSON jsonarray = jsonobject.getJSONArray("print"); for (int i = 0; i < jsonarray.length(); i++) { HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); jsonobject = jsonarray.getJSONObject(i); // Retrive JSON Objects map.put("saved_location", jsonobject.getString("saved_location")); // Set the JSON Objects into the array arraylist.add(map); } } catch (JSONException e) { Log.e("Error", e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } @Override protected void onPostExecute(Void args) { // Locate the listview in listview_main.xml listview = (GridView) shriRamView.findViewById(R.id.listview); // Pass the results into ListViewAdapter.java adapter = new ChurchImagesAdapter(getActivity(), arraylist); // Set the adapter to the ListView listview.setAdapter(adapter); // Close the progressdialog mProgressDialog.dismiss(); } } }

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  • what is this 'content_type' mean..

    - by zjm1126
    content_type = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(Map) maps = maps.extra(select=SortedDict([ ('member_count', MEMBER_COUNT_SQL), ('topic_count', TOPIC_COUNT_SQL), ]), select_params=(content_type.id,)) and the ContentType is: class ContentType(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) app_label = models.CharField(max_length=100) model = models.CharField(_('python model class name'), max_length=100) objects = ContentTypeManager() class Meta: verbose_name = _('content type') verbose_name_plural = _('content types') db_table = 'django_content_type' ordering = ('name',) unique_together = (('app_label', 'model'),) def __unicode__(self): return self.name def model_class(self): "Returns the Python model class for this type of content." from django.db import models return models.get_model(self.app_label, self.model) def get_object_for_this_type(self, **kwargs): """ Returns an object of this type for the keyword arguments given. Basically, this is a proxy around this object_type's get_object() model method. The ObjectNotExist exception, if thrown, will not be caught, so code that calls this method should catch it. """ return self.model_class()._default_manager.using(self._state.db).get(**kwargs) def natural_key(self): return (self.app_label, self.model) i want to know: what is the 'content_type' used for ??

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  • PHP Type Hinting: array supported, object NOT?

    - by Marius Burz
    Am I missing something or there really is no support for generic object type hinting in PHP 5.x? I find it really strange that hinting arrays is supported while hinting objects is not, at least not out of the box. I'd like to have something like this: function foo(object $o) Just as we have: function foo(array $o) Example of possible use: methods of an objects collection class. Workaround: using an interface "Object" implemented by all classes or extending all classes from a generic class "Object" and writing something like this: function foo(Object $o) Well, that just ain't cute. Edit: somebody suggested in a deleted post using stdClass. It doesn't work: Catchable fatal error: Argument 1 passed to c::add() must be an instance of stdClass, instance of b given

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  • Choosing a design pattern for a class that might change it's internal attributes

    - by the_drow
    I have a class that holds arbitrary state and it's defined like this: class AbstractFoo { }; template <class StatePolicy> class Foo : public StatePolicy, public AbstractFoo { }; The state policy contains only protected attributes that represent the state. The state might be the same for multiple behaviors and they can be replaced at runtime. All Foo objects have the same interface to abstract the state itself and to enable storing Foo objects in containers. I would like to find the least verbose and the most maintainable way to express this.

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  • Extracting Information from Images

    - by Khorkrak
    What are some fast and somewhat reliable ways to extract information about images? I've been tinkering with openCV and this seems so far to be the best route plus it has Python bindings. So to be more specific I'd like to determine what I can about what's in an image. So for example the haar face detection and full body detection classifiers are great - now I can tell that most likely there are faces and / or people in the image as well as about how many. okay - what else - how about whether there are any buildings and if so what do they seem to be - huts, office buildings etc? Is there sky visible, grass, trees and so forth. From what I've read about training classifiers to detect objects, it seems like a rather laborious process 10,000 or so wrong images and 5,000 or so correct samples to train a classifier. I'm hoping that there are some decent ones around already instead of having to do this all myself for a bunch of different objects - or is there some other way to go about this sort of thing?

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  • Iterating dictionary indexes in django templates

    - by unclaimedbaggage
    Hi folks...I have a dictionary with embedded objects, which looks something like this: notes = { 2009: [<Note: Test note>, <Note: Another test note>], 2010: [<Note: Third test note>, <Note: Fourth test note>], } I'm trying to access each of the note objects inside a django template, and having a helluva time navigating to them. In short, I'm not sure how to extract by index in django templating. Current template code is: <h3>Notes</h3> {% for year in notes %} {{ year }} # Works fine {% for note in notes.year %} {{ note }} # Returns blank {% endfor %} {% endfor %} If I replace {% for note in notes.year %} with {% for note in notes.2010 %} things work fine, but I need that '2010' to be dynamic. Any suggestions much appreciated.

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  • Mocking imported modules in Python

    - by Evgenyt
    I'm trying to implement unit tests for function that uses imported external objects. For example helpers.py is: import os import pylons def some_func(arg): ... var1 = os.path.exist(...) var2 = os.path.getmtime(...) var3 = pylons.request.environ['HTTP_HOST'] ... So when I'm creating unit test for it I do some mocking (minimock in my case) and replacing references to pylons.request and os.path: import helpers def test_some_func(): helpers.pylons.request = minimock.Mock("pylons.request") helpers.pylons.request.environ = { 'HTTP_HOST': "localhost" } helpers.os.path = minimock.Mock(....) ... some_func(...) # assert ... This does not look good for me. Is there any other better way or strategy to substitute imported function/objects in Python?

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  • objective C convert NSString to unsigned

    - by user1501354
    I have changed my question. I want to convert an NSString to an unsigned int. Why? Because I want to do parallel payment in PayPal. Below I have given my coding in which I want to convert the NSString to an unsigned int. My query is: //optional, set shippingEnabled to TRUE if you want to display shipping //options to the user, default: TRUE [PayPal getPayPalInst].shippingEnabled = TRUE; //optional, set dynamicAmountUpdateEnabled to TRUE if you want to compute //shipping and tax based on the user's address choice, default: FALSE [PayPal getPayPalInst].dynamicAmountUpdateEnabled = TRUE; //optional, choose who pays the fee, default: FEEPAYER_EACHRECEIVER [PayPal getPayPalInst].feePayer = FEEPAYER_EACHRECEIVER; //for a payment with multiple recipients, use a PayPalAdvancedPayment object PayPalAdvancedPayment *payment = [[PayPalAdvancedPayment alloc] init]; payment.paymentCurrency = @"USD"; // A payment note applied to all recipients. payment.memo = @"A Note applied to all recipients"; //receiverPaymentDetails is a list of PPReceiverPaymentDetails objects payment.receiverPaymentDetails = [NSMutableArray array]; NSArray *emailArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"[email protected]",@"[email protected]", nil]; for (int i = 1; i <= 2; i++) { PayPalReceiverPaymentDetails *details = [[PayPalReceiverPaymentDetails alloc] init]; // Customize the payment notes for one of the three recipient. if (i == 2) { details.description = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Component %d", i]; } details.recipient = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",[emailArray objectAtIndex:i-1]]; unsigned order; if (i==1) { order = [[feeArray objectAtIndex:0] unsignedIntValue]; } if (i==2) { order = [[amountArray objectAtIndex:0] unsignedIntValue]; } //subtotal of all items for this recipient, without tax and shipping details.subTotal = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithMantissa:order exponent:-4 isNegative:FALSE]; //invoiceData is a PayPalInvoiceData object which contains tax, shipping, and a list of PayPalInvoiceItem objects details.invoiceData = [[PayPalInvoiceData alloc] init]; //invoiceItems is a list of PayPalInvoiceItem objects //NOTE: sum of totalPrice for all items must equal details.subTotal //NOTE: example only shows a single item, but you can have more than one details.invoiceData.invoiceItems = [NSMutableArray array]; PayPalInvoiceItem *item = [[PayPalInvoiceItem alloc] init]; item.totalPrice = details.subTotal; [details.invoiceData.invoiceItems addObject:item]; [payment.receiverPaymentDetails addObject:details]; } [[PayPal getPayPalInst] advancedCheckoutWithPayment:payment]; Can anybody tell me how to do this conversion? Thanks and regards in advance.

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