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  • FTP to SFTP in shell scripting

    - by Kimi
    This script is to connect to different servers and copy a file from a loaction defined. It is mandatory to use sftp and not ftp. #!/usr/bin/ksh -xvf Detail="jyotibo|snv4915|/tlmusr1/tlm/rt/jyotibo/JyotiBo/ jyotibo|snv4915|/tlmusr1/tlm/rt/jyotibo/JyotiBo/" password=Unix11! c_filename=import.log localpath1=`pwd` for i in $Detail do echo $i UserName=`echo $i | cut -d'|' -f1` echo $UserName remotehost=`echo $i | cut -d'|' -f2` echo $remotehost remote_path=`echo $i | cut -d'|' -f3` echo $remote_path { echo "open $remotehost user $UserName $password lcd $localpath1 cd $remote_path bi prompt mget $c_filename prompt " } |ftp -i -n -v 2>&1 done I want to do the similar thing using sftp instead of ftp.

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  • Modeling software for network serialization protocol design

    - by Aurélien Vallée
    Hello, I am currently designing a low level network serialization protocol (in fact, a refinement of an existing protocol). As the work progress, pen and paper documents start to show their limits: i have tons of papers, new and outdated merged together, etc... And i can't show anything to anyone since i describe the protocol using my own notation (a mix of flow chart & C structures). I need a software that would help me to design a network protocol. I should be able to create structures, fields, their sizes, their layout, etc... and the software would generate some nice UMLish diagrams.

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  • Reading a child process's /proc/pid/mem file from the parent

    - by Amittai Aviram
    In the program below, I am trying to cause the following to happen: Process A assigns a value to a stack variable a. Process A (parent) creates process B (child) with PID child_pid. Process B calls function func1, passing a pointer to a. Process B changes the value of variable a through the pointer. Process B opens its /proc/self/mem file, seeks to the page containing a, and prints the new value of a. Process A (at the same time) opens /proc/child_pid/mem, seeks to the right page, and prints the new value of a. The problem is that, in step 6, the parent only sees the old value of a in /proc/child_pid/mem, while the child can indeed see the new value in its /proc/self/mem. Why is this the case? Is there any way that I can get the parent to to see the child's changes to its address space through the /proc filesystem? #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <unistd.h> #define PAGE_SIZE 0x1000 #define LOG_PAGE_SIZE 0xc #define PAGE_ROUND_DOWN(v) ((v) & (~(PAGE_SIZE - 1))) #define PAGE_ROUND_UP(v) (((v) + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & (~(PAGE_SIZE - 1))) #define OFFSET_IN_PAGE(v) ((v) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) # if defined ARCH && ARCH == 32 #define BP "ebp" #define SP "esp" #else #define BP "rbp" #define SP "rsp" #endif typedef struct arg_t { int a; } arg_t; void func1(void * data) { arg_t * arg_ptr = (arg_t *)data; printf("func1: old value: %d\n", arg_ptr->a); arg_ptr->a = 53; printf("func1: address: %p\n", &arg_ptr->a); printf("func1: new value: %d\n", arg_ptr->a); } void expore_proc_mem(void (*fn)(void *), void * data) { off_t frame_pointer, stack_start; char buffer[PAGE_SIZE]; const char * path = "/proc/self/mem"; int child_pid, status; int parent_to_child[2]; int child_to_parent[2]; arg_t * arg_ptr; off_t child_offset; asm volatile ("mov %%"BP", %0" : "=m" (frame_pointer)); stack_start = PAGE_ROUND_DOWN(frame_pointer); printf("Stack_start: %lx\n", (unsigned long)stack_start); arg_ptr = (arg_t *)data; child_offset = OFFSET_IN_PAGE((off_t)&arg_ptr->a); printf("Address of arg_ptr->a: %p\n", &arg_ptr->a); pipe(parent_to_child); pipe(child_to_parent); bool msg; int child_mem_fd; char child_path[0x20]; child_pid = fork(); if (child_pid == -1) { perror("fork"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (!child_pid) { close(child_to_parent[0]); close(parent_to_child[1]); printf("CHILD (pid %d, parent pid %d).\n", getpid(), getppid()); fn(data); msg = true; write(child_to_parent[1], &msg, 1); child_mem_fd = open("/proc/self/mem", O_RDONLY); if (child_mem_fd == -1) { perror("open (child)"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } printf("CHILD: child_mem_fd: %d\n", child_mem_fd); if (lseek(child_mem_fd, stack_start, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1) { perror("lseek"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (read(child_mem_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) != sizeof(buffer)) { perror("read"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } printf("CHILD: new value %d\n", *(int *)(buffer + child_offset)); read(parent_to_child[0], &msg, 1); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } else { printf("PARENT (pid %d, child pid %d)\n", getpid(), child_pid); printf("PARENT: child_offset: %lx\n", child_offset); read(child_to_parent[0], &msg, 1); printf("PARENT: message from child: %d\n", msg); snprintf(child_path, 0x20, "/proc/%d/mem", child_pid); printf("PARENT: child_path: %s\n", child_path); child_mem_fd = open(path, O_RDONLY); if (child_mem_fd == -1) { perror("open (child)"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } printf("PARENT: child_mem_fd: %d\n", child_mem_fd); if (lseek(child_mem_fd, stack_start, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1) { perror("lseek"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (read(child_mem_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) != sizeof(buffer)) { perror("read"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } printf("PARENT: new value %d\n", *(int *)(buffer + child_offset)); close(child_mem_fd); printf("ENDING CHILD PROCESS.\n"); write(parent_to_child[1], &msg, 1); if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1) { perror("waitpid"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } } } int main(void) { arg_t arg; arg.a = 42; printf("In main: address of arg.a: %p\n", &arg.a); explore_proc_mem(&func1, &arg.a); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } This program produces the output below. Notice that the value of a (boldfaced) differs between parent's and child's reading of the /proc/child_pid/mem file. In main: address of arg.a: 0x7ffffe1964f0 Stack_start: 7ffffe196000 Address of arg_ptr-a: 0x7ffffe1964f0 PARENT (pid 20376, child pid 20377) PARENT: child_offset: 4f0 CHILD (pid 20377, parent pid 20376). func1: old value: 42 func1: address: 0x7ffffe1964f0 func1: new value: 53 PARENT: message from child: 1 CHILD: child_mem_fd: 4 PARENT: child_path: /proc/20377/mem CHILD: new value 53 PARENT: child_mem_fd: 7 PARENT: new value 42 ENDING CHILD PROCESS.

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  • How to declare a vector or array of reducer objects in Cilk++?

    - by Jin
    Hi All, I had a problem when I am using Cilk++, an extension to C++ for parallel computing. I found that I can't declare a vector of reducer objects: typedef cilk::reducer_opadd<int> T_reducer; vector<T_reducer> bitmiss_vec; for (int i = 0; i < 24; ++i) { T_reducer r; bitmiss_vec.push_back(r); } However, when I compile the code with Cilk++, it complains at the push_back() line: cilk++ geneAttack.cilk -O1 -g -lcilkutil -o geneAttack /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h: In member function ‘void __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<_Tp>::construct(_Tp*, const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>]’: /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_vector.h:601: instantiated from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<cilk::reducer_opadd<int> >]’ geneAttack.cilk:667: instantiated from here /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h:229: error: ‘cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>::reducer_opadd(const cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>&) [with Type = int]’ is private /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/ext/new_allocator.h:107: error: within this context /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h: In member function ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::_M_insert_aux(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> >, const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<cilk::reducer_opadd<int> >]’: /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_vector.h:605: instantiated from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<cilk::reducer_opadd<int> >]’ geneAttack.cilk:667: instantiated from here /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h:229: error: ‘cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>::reducer_opadd(const cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>&) [with Type = int]’ is private /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/vector.tcc:252: error: within this context /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_vector.h:605: instantiated from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<cilk::reducer_opadd<int> >]’ geneAttack.cilk:667: instantiated from here /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h:230: error: ‘cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>& cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>::operator=(const cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>&) [with Type = int]’ is private /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/vector.tcc:256: error: within this context /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h: In static member function ‘static _BI2 std::__copy_backward<_BoolType, std::random_access_iterator_tag>::__copy_b(_BI1, _BI1, _BI2) [with _BI1 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, _BI2 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, bool _BoolType = false]’: /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_algobase.h:465: instantiated from ‘_BI2 std::__copy_backward_aux(_BI1, _BI1, _BI2) [with _BI1 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, _BI2 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*]’ /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_algobase.h:474: instantiated from ‘static _BI2 std::__copy_backward_normal<<anonymous>, <anonymous> >::__copy_b_n(_BI1, _BI1, _BI2) [with _BI1 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, _BI2 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, bool <anonymous> = false, bool <anonymous> = false]’ /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_algobase.h:540: instantiated from ‘_BI2 std::copy_backward(_BI1, _BI1, _BI2) [with _BI1 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, _BI2 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*]’ /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/vector.tcc:253: instantiated from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::_M_insert_aux(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> >, const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<cilk::reducer_opadd<int> >]’ /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_vector.h:605: instantiated from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<cilk::reducer_opadd<int> >]’ geneAttack.cilk:667: instantiated from here /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h:230: error: ‘cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>& cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>::operator=(const cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>&) [with Type = int]’ is private /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_algobase.h:433: error: within this context /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h: In function ‘void std::_Construct(_T1*, const _T2&) [with _T1 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _T2 = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>]’: /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:87: instantiated from ‘_ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_copy_aux(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator, std::__false_type) [with _InputIterator = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, _ForwardIterator = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*]’ /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:114: instantiated from ‘_ForwardIterator std::uninitialized_copy(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator) [with _InputIterator = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, _ForwardIterator = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*]’ /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:254: instantiated from ‘_ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_copy_a(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator, std::allocator<_Tp>) [with _InputIterator = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, _ForwardIterator = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>*, _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>]’ /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/vector.tcc:275: instantiated from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::_M_insert_aux(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<typename std::_Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc> >, const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<cilk::reducer_opadd<int> >]’ /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_vector.h:605: instantiated from ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const _Tp&) [with _Tp = cilk::reducer_opadd<int>, _Alloc = std::allocator<cilk::reducer_opadd<int> >]’ geneAttack.cilk:667: instantiated from here /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/cilk++/reducer_opadd.h:229: error: ‘cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>::reducer_opadd(const cilk::reducer_opadd<Type>&) [with Type = int]’ is private /usr/local/cilk/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.2.4/../../../../include/c++/4.2.4/bits/stl_construct.h:81: error: within this context make: *** [geneAttack] Error 1 jinchen@galactica:~/workspace/biometrics/genAttack$ make cilk++ geneAttack.cilk -O1 -g -lcilkutil -o geneAttack geneAttack.cilk: In function ‘int cilk cilk_main(int, char**)’: geneAttack.cilk:670: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token geneAttack.cilk:670: error: expected primary-expression before ‘}’ token geneAttack.cilk:674: error: ‘bitmiss_vec’ was not declared in this scope make: *** [geneAttack] Error 1 The Cilk++ manule says it supports array/vector of reducers, although there are performance issues to consider: "If you create a large number of reducers (for example, an array or vector of reducers) you must be aware that there is an overhead at steal and reduce that is proportional to the number of reducers in the program. " Anyone knows what is going on? How should I declare/use vector of reducers? Thank you

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  • Ruby: intelligent patch/update

    - by Shyam
    Hi, After being blown away by the greatness of irb and rails console, I am loving the dynamical parts of the language more and more. Now, I wonder if it would be possible for a Ruby application to update itself on-the-fly (if the write permission allows it). Can a Ruby application fetch an update and refresh itself? I have seen this functionality a lot in Apple applications and I know updates and fixes are something you must anticipate for when deploying an application. Thank you for your feedback, comments and answers!

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  • what is pagecache page

    - by kumar
    /* * Each physical page in the system has a struct page associated with * it to keep track of whatever it is we are using the page for at the * moment. Note that we have no way to track which tasks are using * a page, though if it is a pagecache page, rmap structures can tell us * who is mapping it. */ include/linux/mm_types.h Here Please lemme know what is "pagecache page" means? Thanks!

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  • 0xDEADBEEF equivalent for 64-bit development?

    - by Peter Mortensen
    For C++ development for 32-bit systems (be it Linux, Mac OS or Windows, PowerPC or x86) I have initialised pointers that would otherwise be undefined (e.g. they can not immediately get a proper value) like so: int *pInt = reinterpret_cast<int *>(0xDEADBEEF); (To save typing and being DRY the right-hand side would normally be in a constant, e.g. BAD_PTR.) If pInt is dereferenced before it gets a proper value then it will crash immediately on most systems (instead of crashing much later when some memory is overwritten or going into a very long loop). Of course the behavior is dependent on the underlying hardware (getting a 4 byte integer from the odd address 0xDEADBEEF from a user process may be perfectly valid), but the crashing has been 100% reliable for all the systems I have developed for so far (Mac OS 68xxx, Mac OS PowerPC, Linux Redhat Pentium, Windows GUI Pentium, Windows console Pentium). For instance on PowerPC it is illegal (bus fault) to fetch a 4 byte integer from an odd address. What is a good value for this on 64-bit systems?

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  • What is a monad?

    - by kronoz
    Having briefly looked at Haskell recently I wondered whether anybody could give a brief, succinct, practical explanation as to what a monad essentially is? I have found most explanations I've come across to be fairly inaccessible and lacking in practical detail, so could somebody here help me?

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  • How do I program hardware?

    - by Arlen Beiler
    What would I need to program a piece of hardware to do something for me? Let's say I have something with 15 relays (or equivalent) and I want to tell it to turn off relay 10. Or better yet, when sensor 10 is activated, toggle relay 10.

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  • Why would a variable in Scala code mysteriously become null?

    - by Alex R
    I've isolated the problem down to this: Predef.println("the value of argv1 here is " + argv(1)); var n: $ = undef; n = argv(1); Predef.println("the value of argv1 here is " + argv(1)); Predef.println("the value of n here is " + n); Predef.println("the class of n here is " + n.getClass); Here's the definition of $: class $ { println("constructed a new $ of type: " + this.getClass); def value: $ = this; def toValue: Value = { new ConstStringValue(this.toString()) }; def -(sym: Symbol): $ = { println("looked up: " + sym); this } def -(sym: $): $ = { println("looked up: " + sym); this } def update(sym: Symbol, any: Any) { println("update called: " + sym + "=" + any); } def apply(sym: Symbol) = { this } def apply(obj: $) = { this } def apply() = { this } def +(o:$) = this.toValue.div(o.toValue) def *(o:$) = this.toValue.mul(o.toValue) def >(o:$) = this.toValue.gt(o.toValue) def <(o:$) = this.toValue.lt(o.toValue) def ++() = { this } def -=(o:$) = { this } } When run, the code prints: the value of argv1 here is 10 the value of argv1 here is 10 the value of n here is null java.lang.NullPointerException at test_1_php$.include(_tmp.scala:149) at php.script.main(php.scala:57) at test_1_php.main(_tmp.scala) [...] Why would n mysteriously lose its value (or fail to take one on)?

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  • StreamReader.EndOfStream produces IOException

    - by Ziplin
    I'm working on an application that accepts TCP connections and reads in data until an </File> marker is read and then writes that data to the filesystem. I don't want to disconnect, I want to let the client sending the data to do that so they can send multiple files in one connection. I'm using the StreamReader.EndOfStream around my outter loop, but it throws an IOException when the client disconnects. Is there a better way to do this? private static void RecieveAsyncStream(IAsyncResult ar) { TcpListener listener = (TcpListener)ar.AsyncState; TcpClient client = listener.EndAcceptTcpClient(ar); // init the streams NetworkStream netStream = client.GetStream(); StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(netStream); StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(netStream); while (!streamReader.EndOfStream) // throws IOException { string file= ""; while (file!= "</File>" && !streamReader.EndOfStream) { file += streamReader.ReadLine(); } // write file to filesystem } listener.BeginAcceptTcpClient(RecieveAsyncStream, listener); }

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  • scripting in awk

    - by benjamin button
    I have a text file with contents as below: 1,A,100 2,A,200 3,B,150 4,B,100 5,B,250 i need the output as : A,300 B,500 the logic here is sum of all the 3rd fields whose 2nd field is A and in the same way for B how could we do it using awk?

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  • Abstracting boxed array structures in J

    - by estanford
    I've been working on a J function for a while, that's supposed to scan a list and put consecutive copies of an element into separate, concatenated boxes. My efforts have taken me as far as the function (<;. 2) ((2&(~:/\)),1:) which tests successive list entries for inequality, returns a list of boolean values, and cuts the list into boxes that end each time the number 1 appears. Here's an example application: (<;. 2) ((2&(~:/\)),1:) 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 1 1 +-+-+-----+-+-----+ |1|1|0 0 1|1|0 0 1| +-+-+-----+-+-----+ The task would be finished if I could then replace all those booleans with their corresponding values in the input argument. I've been looking for some kind of mystery function that would let me do something like final =: mysteryfunction @ (<;. 2) ((2&(~:/\)),1:) final 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 1 1 +-+-+-----+-+-----+ |1|2|3 3 3|4|1 1 1| +-+-+-----+-+-----+ In an ideal situation, there would be some way to abstractly represent the nesting pattern generated by (<;. 2) ((2&(~:/\)),1:) to the original input list. (i.e. "This boxed array over here has the first element boxed at depth one, the second element boxed at depth one, the third, fourth, and fifth elements boxed together at depth one,..., so take that unboxed list over there and box it up the same way.") I tried fooling around with ;. , S: , L:, L. and &. to produce that behavior, but I haven't had much luck. Is there some kind of operator or principle I'm missing that could make this happen? It wouldn't surprise me if I were overthinking the whole issue, but I'm running out of ideas.

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  • Testing Async downloads with ASIHTTPRequest

    - by Baishampayan Ghose
    I am writing a simple library using ASIHTTPRequest where I am fetching URLs in an async manner. My problem is that the main function that I have written to test my lib exits before the async calls are finished. I am very new to Obj C and iPhone development, can anyone suggest a good way to wait before all the requests are finished in the main function? Currently, my main function looks like this - int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; IBGApp *ibgapp = [[IBGApp alloc] init]; IBGLib *ibgl = [[IBGLib alloc] initWithUsername:@"joe" andPassword:@"xxx"]; // The two method calls below download URLs async. [ibgl downloadURL:@"http://yahoo.com/" withRequestDelegate:ibgapp andRequestSelector:@selector(logData:)]; [ibgl downloadURL:@"http://google.com/" withRequestDelegate:ibgapp andRequestSelector:@selector(logData:)]; [pool release]; return 0; // I reach here before the async calls are done. } So what is the best way to wait till the async calls are done? I tried putting sleep, but obviously doesn't work.

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  • Can any genius out there turn this code from generating permutation to generating combination?

    - by mark
    #include <string> int main(int,char**) { std::string default_str = "12345"; int perm=1, digits=default_str.size(); for (int i=1;i<=digits;perm*=i++); for (int a=0;a<perm;a++) { std::string avail=default_str; for (int b=digits,div=perm;b>0; b--) { div/=b; int index = (a/div)%b; printf("%c", avail[index] ); avail.erase(index,1) ; } printf("\n"); } printf("permutations:%d\n",perm); while(1); }

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  • Is it possible to change a exe's icon without recompiling it?

    - by Microkernel
    Hi all, I have lot of executable that I have compiled (long time back) for many of which I don't have sourcecode now. But when I compiled them I didn't put any icons for them, so they all look like same dull, bald default icon. So my questions are, (1) is it possible for me to write a software that can change the resources section of the exe and change its looks? If so, can anyone plz point me to the location where its explained? (I am a beginner, I have no idea on the exe format and all) Also its fun to keep changing Icons without having the pain of recompiling everything just for the icon change... (2) This is raises a natural converse question, Is it similarly possible to zap out the icon used by some file and use it for some other file? (If so, plz point me to location where I can get some details. I am a C/C++ developers and I am looking for solution on Windows Platform... Regards, MicroKernel

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  • Linker library for OpenMP for Snow Leopard?

    - by unknownthreat
    Currently, I am trying out OpenMP on XCode 3.2.2 on Snow Leopard: #include <omp.h> #include <iostream> #include <stdio.h> int main (int argc, char * const argv[]) { #pragma omp parallel printf("Hello from thread %d, nthreads %d\n", omp_get_thread_num(), omp_get_num_threads()); return 0; } I didn't include any linking libraries yet, so the linker complains: "_omp_get_thread_num", referenced from: _main in main.o "_omp_get_num_threads", referenced from: _main in main.o OK, fine, no problem, I take a look in the existing framework, looking for keywords such as openmp or omp... here comes the problem, where is the linking library? Or should I say, what is the name of the linking library for openMP? Is it dylib, framework or what? Or do I need to get it from somewhere first?

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  • Effects of the `extern` keyword on C functions

    - by Elazar Leibovich
    In C I did not notice any effect of the extern keyword used before function declaration. At first I thougth that when defining extern int f(); in a single file forces you to implement it outside of the files scope, however I found out that both extern int f(); int f() {return 0;} And extern int f() {return 0;} Compiles just fine, with no warnings from gcc. I used gcc -Wall -ansi, he wouldn't even accept // comments. Are there any effects for using extern before function definitions? Or is it just an optional keyword with no side effects for functions. In the latter case I don't understand why did the standard designers chose to litter the grammar with superfluous keywords. EDIT: to clarify, I know there's usage for extern in variables, but I'm only asking about extern in functions.

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  • PHP - Best practice to retain form values across postback

    - by Adam
    Hello, Complete PHP novice here, almost all my previous work was in ASP.NET. I am now working on a PHP project, and the first rock I have stumbled upon is retaining values across postback. For the most simple yet still realistic example, i have 10 dropdowns. They are not even databound yet, as that is my next step. They are simple dropdowns. I have my entire page inclosed in a tag. the onclick() event for each dropdown, calls a javascript function that will populate the corrosponding dropdowns hidden element, with the dropdowns selected value. Then, upon page reload, if that hidden value is not empty, i set the selected option = that of my hidden. This works great for a single postback. However, when another dropdown is changed, the original 1'st dropdown loses its value, due to its corrosponding hidden value losing its value as well! This draws me to look into using querystring, or sessions, or... some other idea. Could someone point me in the right direction, as to which option is the best in my situation? I am a PHP novice, however I am being required to do some pretty intense stuff for my skill level, so I need something flexable and preferribly somewhat easy to use. Thanks! -----edit----- A little more clarification on my question :) When i say 'PostBack' I am referring to the page/form being submitted. The control is passed back to the server, and the HTML/PHP code is executed again. As for the dropdowns & hiddens, the reason I used hidden variables to retain the "selected value" or "selected index", is so that when the page is submitted, I am able to redraw the dropdown with the previous selection, instead of defaulting back to the first index. When I use the $_POST[] command, I am unable to retrieve the dropdown by name, but I am able to retrieve the hidden value by name. This is why upon dropdown-changed event, I call javascript which sets the selected value from the dropdown into its corrosponding hidden.

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  • A question for retrieve minix os version

    - by majnun
    Hi guys i'm having a project for the university in which (above others ) i have to get the minix os version from kernell call.I'm not a very experienced programmer so this is what i have come to (with some help ) int main (int argc, char *argv[] ) { char M3ca1[23]; message ml; m.m_u.m_m1.m3ca1= OS_VERSION; char temp=_syscall(MM,69,&m); printf("the os version is %c\n",temp); return 0; } and i get multiple errors.IF you have any ideas it would be greatly appreciated.

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  • How to start the web cam by programmatically?

    - by Nitz
    Hello Guys How to start any web cam through programmatically? my main requirement is it should start webcam? and that should be any application - software not a website. we can use any language. So how can start the web cam using programing language? btw... [I am not talking about the power of the webcam][Any web cam means any companies web cam]

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  • Delete Drag and Drop Behavior of IKImageBrowserView

    - by PF1
    Hi Everyone: By default (it seems), IKImageBrowserView enables drag and drop to locations in the Finder. I would like to turn off this behavior but am unsure of how to do so. I was thinking that perhaps implementing the NSDraggingDestination protocol and overriding it could solve this, but so far it hasn't worked for me. Thanks for any help!

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