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  • Dynamically created operators

    - by Gero
    I created a program using dev-cpp and wxwidgets which solves a puzzle. The user must fill the operations blocks and the results blocks, and the program will solve it. Im solving it using bruteforce, i generate all non repeated 9 length number combinations using a recursive algorithm. It does it pretty fast. Up to here all is great! But the problem is when my program operates depending the character on the blocks. Its extremely slow (it never gets the answer), because of the chars comparation against +, -, *, etc. Im doing a CASE. Is there some way or some programming language wich allows dinamic creation of operators? So i can define the operator ROW1COL2 to be a +, and the same way to all other operations. I leave a screenshot of the app, so its easier to understand how the puzzle works. http://www.imageshare.web.id/images/9gg5cev8vyokp8rhlot9.png PD: The algorithm works, i tryed it with a trivial puzzle, and solved it in a second.

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  • import problem with twisted.web server

    - by Carson Myers
    I'm just getting started with twisted.web, and I'm having trouble importing a Python module into a .rpy script. in C:\py\twisted\mysite.py, I have this: from twisted.web.resource import Resource from twisted.web import server class MySite(Resource): def render_GET(self, request): request.write("<!DOCTYPE html>") request.write("<html><head>") request.write("<title>Twisted Driven Site</title>") request.write("</head><body>") request.write("<h1>Twisted Driven Website</h1>") request.write("<p>Prepath: <pre>{0}</pre></p>".format(request.prepath)) request.write("</body></html>") request.finish() return server.NOT_DONE_YET and in C:\py\twisted\index.rpy, I have this: import mysite reload(mysite) resource = mysite.MySite() I ran twistd -n web --port 8888 --path C:\py\twisted in command prompt and the server started successfully. But when I requested localhost:8888 I got a (huge) stack trace originating from an ImportError: <type 'exceptions.ImportError'>: No module named mysite I can import the module from the interpreter, and if i just execute index.rpy as a python script, I don't get the import error. The documentation on this subject is a bit vague, it just says "However, it is often a better idea to define Resource subclasses in Python modules. In order for changes in modules to be visible, you must either restart the Python process, or reload the module:" (from here). Does anyone know the proper way to do this?

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  • Erlang OTP application design

    - by Toby Hede
    I am struggling a little coming to grips with the OTP development model as I convert some code into an OTP app. I am essentially making a web crawler and I just don't quite know where to put the code that does the actual work. I have a supervisor which starts my worker: -behaviour(supervisor). -define(CHILD(I, Type), {I, {I, start_link, []}, permanent, 5000, Type, [I]}). init(_Args) -> Children = [ ?CHILD(crawler, worker) ], RestartStrategy = {one_for_one, 0, 1}, {ok, {RestartStrategy, Children}}. In this design, the Crawler Worker is then responsible for doing the actual work: -behaviour(gen_server). start_link() -> gen_server:start_link(?MODULE, [], []). init([]) -> inets:start(), httpc:set_options([{verbose_mode,true}]), % gen_server:cast(?MODULE, crawl), % ok = do_crawl(), {ok, #state{}}. do_crawl() -> % crawl! ok. handle_cast(crawl}, State) -> ok = do_crawl(), {noreply, State}; do_crawl spawns a fairly large number of processes and requests that handle the work of crawling via http. Question, ultimately is: where should the actual crawl happen? As can be seen above I have been experimenting with different ways of triggering the actual work, but still missing some concept essential for grokering the way things fit together. Note: some of the OTP plumbing is left out for brevity - the plumbing is all there and the system all hangs together

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  • array of structs in C

    - by Hristo
    I'm trying to create an array of structs and also a pointer to that array. I don't know how large the array is going to be, so it should be dynamic. My struct would look something like this: typedef struct _stats_t { int hours[24]; int numPostsInHour; int days[7]; int numPostsInDay; int weeks[20]; int numPostsInWeek; int totNumLinesInPosts; int numPostsAnalyzed; } stats_t; ... and I need to have multiple of these structs for each file (unknown amount) that I will analyze. I'm not sure how to do this. I don't like the following approach because of the limit of the size of the array: # define MAX 10 typedef struct _stats_t { int hours[24]; int numPostsInHour; int days[7]; int numPostsInDay; int weeks[20]; int numPostsInWeek; int totNumLinesInPosts; int numPostsAnalyzed; } stats_t[MAX]; So how would I create this array? Also, would a pointer to this array would look something this? stats_t stats[]; stats_t *statsPtr = &stats[0]; Thanks, Hristo

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  • How can I substitute the nth occurrence of a match in a Perl regex?

    - by Zaid
    Following up from an earlier question on extracting the n'th regex match, I now need to substitute the match, if found. I thought that I could define the extraction subroutine and call it in the substitution with the /e modifier. I was obviously wrong (admittedly, I had an XY problem). use strict; use warnings; sub extract_quoted { # à la codaddict my ($string, $index) = @_; while($string =~ /'(.*?)'/g) { $index--; return $1 if(! $index); } return; } my $string = "'How can I','use' 'PERL','to process this' 'line'"; extract_quoted ( $string, 3 ); $string =~ s/&extract_quoted($string,2)/'Perl'/e; print $string; # Prints 'How can I','use' 'PERL','to process this' 'line' There are, of course, many other issues with this technique: What if there are identical matches at different positions? What if the match isn't found? In light of this situation, I'm wondering in what ways this could be implemented.

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  • Why not lump all service classes into a Factory method (instead of injecting interfaces)?

    - by Andrew
    We are building an ASP.NET project, and encapsulating all of our business logic in service classes. Some is in the domain objects, but generally those are rather anemic (due to the ORM we are using, that won't change). To better enable unit testing, we define interfaces for each service and utilize D.I.. E.g. here are a couple of the interfaces: IEmployeeService IDepartmentService IOrderService ... All of the methods in these services are basically groups of tasks, and the classes contain no private member variables (other than references to the dependent services). Before we worried about Unit Testing, we'd just declare all these classes as static and have them call each other directly. Now we'll set up the class like this if the service depends on other services: public EmployeeService : IEmployeeService { private readonly IOrderService _orderSvc; private readonly IDepartmentService _deptSvc; private readonly IEmployeeRepository _empRep; public EmployeeService(IOrderService orderSvc , IDepartmentService deptSvc , IEmployeeRepository empRep) { _orderSvc = orderSvc; _deptSvc = deptSvc; _empRep = empRep; } //methods down here } This really isn't usually a problem, but I wonder why not set up a factory class that we pass around instead? i.e. public ServiceFactory { virtual IEmployeeService GetEmployeeService(); virtual IDepartmentService GetDepartmentService(); virtual IOrderService GetOrderService(); } Then instead of calling: _orderSvc.CalcOrderTotal(orderId) we'd call _svcFactory.GetOrderService.CalcOrderTotal(orderid) What's the downfall of this method? It's still testable, it still allows us to use D.I. (and handle external dependencies like database contexts and e-mail senders via D.I. within and outside the factory), and it eliminates a lot of D.I. setup and consolidates dependencies more. Thanks for your thoughts!

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  • DataTable vs. Collection in .Net

    - by B Pete
    I am writing a program that needs to read a set of records that describe the register map of a device I need to communicate with. Each record will have a handfull of fields that describe the properties of each register. I don't really need to edit or modify the data in my VB or C# program, though I would like to be able to display the data on a grid. I would like to store the data in a CSV file, or perhaps an XML file. I need to enable users to edit the data off-line, preferably in excel. I am considering using a DataTable or a Collection of "Register" objects (which I would define). I prototyped a DataTable, and found I can read/write XML easily using the built in methods and I can easily bind to a DataGridView. I was not able to find a way to retreive info on a single register without using a query that returns a collection of rows, even though I defined a unique primaty key column. The syntax to get a value from a column is also complex, though I could be missing something on both counts. I'm tempted to use a collection of "Register" objects that I can access via a unique key. It would be a little more coding up front, but seems like a cleaner solution overall. I should still be able to use LINQ to dataset to query subsets of registers when I need them, but would also be able to grab a single field using a the key value, something like this: Registers(keyValue).fieldName). Which would be a cleaner approach to the problem? Is there a way to read/write XML into a Collection without needing custom code? Could this be accomplished using String for a key?

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  • MongoDB architectural question

    - by pex
    I have to store 4 Models. Let's say a Post that has many and belongs to many Categories. Category on the other hand has many Qualities. At the moment I'm of the opinion, that Post and Categories are Documents. Qualities becomes an EmbeddedDocument of Categories. We're coming to the root problem: There are a lot of Votes on Qualities that belong to a Post. I thought about embed Votes in Post and give it a quality_id. I am really expecting a lot of Votes and there has to be a possibility to filter them (e.g by Username / Usergroup / Date voted). I worked with MongoMapper and I think the missing existence of find methods for EmbeddedDocuments could become a killer. On the other hand I'm wondering about performance issues. What if I want to provide a Post without all the Votes, but only a few. Or, what if I define an own Document for Votes and have tons of Vote-Documents? Wouldn't that become a performance killer?

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  • Function that prints something to std::ostream and returns std::ostream?

    - by dehmann
    I want to write a function that outputs something to a ostream that's passed in, and return the stream, like this: std::ostream& MyPrint(int val, std::ostream* out) { *out << val; return *out; } int main(int argc, char** argv){ std::cout << "Value: " << MyPrint(12, &std::cout) << std::endl; return 0; } It would be convenient to print the value like this and embed the function call in the output operator chain, like I did in main(). It doesn't work, however, and prints this: $ ./a.out 12Value: 0x6013a8 The desired output would be this: Value: 12 How can I fix this? Do I have to define an operator<< instead? UPDATE: Clarified what the desired output would be. UPDATE2: Some people didn't understand why I would print a number like that, using a function instead of printing it directly. This is a simplified example, and in reality the function prints a complex object rather than an int.

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  • What is best practice (and implications) for packaging projects into JAR's?

    - by user245510
    What is considered best practice deciding how to define the set of JAR's for a project (for example a Swing GUI)? There are many possible groupings: JAR per layer (presentation, business, data) JAR per (significant?) GUI panel. For significant system, this results in a large number of JAR's, but the JAR's are (should be) more re-usable - fine-grained granularity JAR per "project" (in the sense of an IDE project); "common.jar", "resources.jar", "gui.jar", etc I am an experienced developer; I know the mechanics of creating JAR's, I'm just looking for wisdom on best-practice. Personally, I like the idea of a JAR per component (e.g. a panel), as I am mad-keen on encapsulation, and the holy-grail of re-use accross projects. I am concerned, however, that on a practical, performance level, the JVM would struggle class loading over dozens, maybe hundreds of small JAR's. Each JAR would contain; the GUI panel code, necessary resources (i.e. not centralised) so each panel can stand alone. Does anyone have wisdom to share?

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  • Rails model relations depending on count of nested relations

    - by Lowgain
    I am putting together a messaging system for a rails app I am working on. I am building it in a similar fashion to facebook's system, so messages are grouped into threads, etc. My related models are: MsgThread - main container of a thread Message - each message/reply in thread Recipience - ties to user to define which users should subscribe to this thread Read - determines whether or not a user has read a specific message My relationships look like class User < ActiveRecord::Base #stuff... has_many :msg_threads, :foreign_key => 'originator_id' #threads the user has started has_many :recipiences has_many :subscribed_threads, :through => :recipiences, :source => :msg_thread #threads the user is subscribed to end class MsgThread < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :messages has_many :recipiences belongs_to :originator, :class_name => "User", :foreign_key => "originator_id" end class Recipience < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :user belongs_to :msg_thread end class Message < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :msg_thread belongs_to :author, :class_name => "User", :foreign_key => "author_id" end class Read < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :user belongs_to :message end I'd like to create a new selector in the user sort of like: has_many :updated_threads, :through => :recipiencies, :source => :msg_thread, :conditions => {THREAD CONTAINS MESSAGES WHICH ARE UNREAD (have no 'read' models tying a user to a message)} I was thinking of either writing a long condition with multiple joins, or possibly writing giving the model an updated_threads method to return this, but I'd like to see if there is an easier way first. Any ideas? Also, if there is something fundamentally wrong with my structure for this functionality let me know! Thanks!!

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  • Internal bug tracking tickets - Redmine, Trac, or JIRA

    - by Tai Squared
    I've been looking at setting up Redmine, Trac, or JIRA to track issues. I want to be able to have my development team create internal tickets that are never seen by clients, while clients can create/edit tickets that are seen by the internal team. From the Trac documentation, you can set permissions to create or view tickets, but it doesn't seem to allow for viewing only certain tickets. It may be possible with Trac Fine Grained Permissions, but doesn't appear so. The Redmine documentation mentions: Define your own roles and set their permissions in a click but doesn't appear to have the level of granularity. From the JIRA documentation: At the moment JIRA is only able to support security at a project level or issue level. Currently there is no field level security available. According to this question, Redmine doesn't support internal tickets, so you would have to use multiple projects. I don't want a situation where I would have to create multiple projects - one internal, one external and have the external tickets brought into the internal repository. It seems as this would lead to unnecessary overhead and inevitably, the projects wouldn't be in sync. Is there any way with any of these products (possibly through a plug-in if not in the core product itself) to specify these permissions, or simplify having two projects with different users and permissions that must still share information?

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  • Dynamically bind argument and default value to existing function in Javascript

    - by Scott
    Let's suppose you have some function someFunc() already defined in javascript, that may or may not have its own argument set defined. Is it possible to write another function to add a required argument and set that argument to a default for someFunc()? Something like: var someFunc = function(arg1, arg2 ...){ Do stuff...} var addRequired = function(argName, argValue, fn) { Add the required default arg to a function... } addRequired("x", 20, someFunc); Now someFunc would be defined roughly like so: someFunc = function(x, arg1, arg2...) { x = 20; Do stuff... } What I am really seeking is to not only bind a this value to a function (which I already know how to achieve), but also bind another object reference to that same function (the function not being known ahead of time, as a user will define it, but then the user's code has access to this second object reference for use in their own function). So in my simple example above, the "20" value will actually be an object reference. Thanks for any help you can offer.

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  • SQL GUID Vs Integer

    - by Dal
    Hi I have recently started a new job and noticed that all the SQL tables use the GUID data type for the primary key. In my previous job we used integers (Auto-Increment) for the primary key and it was a lot more easier to work with in my opinion. For example, say you had two related tables; Product and ProductType - I could easily cross check the 'ProductTypeID' column of both tables for a particular row to quickly map the data in my head because its easy to store the number (2,4,45 etc) as opposed to (E75B92A3-3299-4407-A913-C5CA196B3CAB). The extra frustration comes from me wanting to understand how the tables are related, sadly there is no Database diagram :( A lot of people say that GUID's are better because you can define the unique identifer in your C# code for example using NewID() without requiring SQL SERVER to do it - this also allows you to know provisionally what the ID will be.... but I've seen that it is possible to still retrieve the 'next auto-incremented integer' too. A DBA contractor reported that our queries could be up to 30% faster if we used the Integer type instead of GUIDS... Why does the GUID data type exist, what advantages does it really provide?... Even if its a choice by some professional there must be some good reasons as to why its implemented?

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  • Execute code on assembly load

    - by Dmitriy Matveev
    I'm working on wrapper for some huge unmanaged library. Almost every of it's functions can call some error handler deeply inside. The default error handler writes error to console and calls abort() function. This behavior is undesirable for managed library, so I want to replace the default error handler with my own which will just throw some exception and let program continue normal execution after handling of this exception. The error handler must be changed before any of the wrapped functions will be called. The wrapper library is written in managed c++ with static linkage to wrapped library, so nothing like "a type with hundreds of dll imports" is present. I also can't find a single type which is used by everything inside wrapper library. So I can't solve that problem by defining static constructor in one single type which will execute code I need. I currently see two ways of solving that problem: Define some static method like Library.Initialize() which must be called one time by client before his code will use any part of the wrapper library. Find the most minimal subset of types which is used by every top-level function (I think the size of this subset will be something like 25-50 types) and add static constructors calling Library.Initialize (which will be internal in that scenario) to every of these types. I've read this and this questions, but they didn't helped me. Is there any proper ways of solving that problem? Maybe some nice hacks available?

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  • "image contains error", trying to create and display images using google app engine

    - by bert
    Hello all the general idea is to create a galaxy-like map. I run into problems when I try to display a generated image. I used Python Image library to create the image and store it in the datastore. when i try to load the image i get no error on the log console and no image on the browser. when i copy/paste the image link (including datastore key) i get a black screen and the following message: The image “view-source:/localhost:8080/img?img_id=ag5kZXZ-c3BhY2VzaW0xMnINCxIHTWFpbk1hcBgeDA” cannot be displayed because it contains errors. the firefox error console: Error: Image corrupt or truncated: /localhost:8080/img?img_id=ag5kZXZ-c3BhY2VzaW0xMnINCxIHTWFpbk1hcBgeDA import cgi import datetime import urllib import webapp2 import jinja2 import os import math import sys from google.appengine.ext import db from google.appengine.api import users from PIL import Image #SNIP #class to define the map entity class MainMap(db.Model): defaultmap = db.BlobProperty(default=None) #SNIP class Generator(webapp2.RequestHandler): def post(self): #SNIP test = Image.new("RGBA",(100, 100)) dMap=MainMap() dMap.defaultmap = db.Blob(str(test)) dMap.put() #SNIP result = db.GqlQuery("SELECT * FROM MainMap LIMIT 1").fetch(1) if result: print"item found<br>" #debug info if result[0].defaultmap: print"defaultmap found<br>" #debug info string = "<div><img src='/img?img_id=" + str(result[0].key()) + "' width='100' height='100'></img>" print string else: print"nothing found<br>" else: self.redirect('/?=error') self.redirect('/') class Image_load(webapp2.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.response.out.write("started Image load") defaultmap = db.get(self.request.get("img_id")) if defaultmap.defaultmap: try: self.response.headers['Content-Type'] = "image/png" self.response.out.write(defaultmap.defaultmap) self.response.out.write("Image found") except: print "Unexpected error:", sys.exc_info()[0] else: self.response.out.write("No image") #SNIP app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([('/', MainPage), ('/generator', Generator), ('/img', Image_load)], debug=True) the browser shows the "item found" and "defaultmap found" strings and a broken imagelink the exception handling does not catch any errors Thanks for your help Regards Bert

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  • Linking AS code to symbols defined in an external SWC?

    - by Ender
    (apologies ahead of time, I only really know Flash; my Flex experience is basically nil. There may be a very standard and obvious workflow solution that Flex people know about) I have a number of UI elements that are graphically quite complex (they're not components, they're just Sprites). Since it takes a long time to compile them, I've been trying to move them into an external .swc. However, I want to associate some code with these classes, but I don't want to have to recompile the graphical assets every time I make a code change. At the moment I have it set up like this: UI elements are created in a separate FLA and exported to a SWC. In my primary FLA, I have actionscript classes that extend each of the graphical assets in the SWC. For example: external.swc: (some symbol defined in the Library and exported for actionscript in frame 1) class: com.foo.WidgetGraphic base: flash.display.Sprite main.fla: Widget.as: package com.foo { public class Widget extends WidgetGraphic { ... } } This works, but is time-consuming and prone to error. I'd rather be able to avoid having to inherit from each graphical asset, and just define them directly. Is there a better way to do what I'm trying to accomplish? Note: the main concern here is compile time. I don't have any movies or audio or fonts, just a lot of vector art assets that appear to be slowing down my compilation time significantly. When I'm debugging I'm only making code changes, and would rather not have to keep recompiling the art...

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  • SQL 2008: Using separate tables for each datatype to return single row

    - by Thomas C
    Hi all I thought I'd be flexible this time around and let the users decide what contact information the wish to store in their database. In theory it would look as a single row containing, for instance; name, adress, zipcode, Category X, Listitems A. Example FieldType table defining the datatypes available to a user: FieldTypeID, FieldTypeName, TableName 1,"Integer","tblContactInt" 2,"String50","tblContactStr50" ... A user the define his fields in the FieldDefinition table: FieldDefinitionID, FieldTypeID, FieldDefinitionName 11,2,"Name" 12,2,"Adress" 13,1,"Age" Finally we store the actual contact data in separate tables depending on its datatype. Master table, only contains the ContactID tblContact: ContactID 21 22 tblContactStr50: ContactStr50ID,ContactID,FieldDefinitionID,ContactStr50Value 31,21,11,"Person A" 32,21,12,"Adress of person A" 33,22,11,"Person B" tblContactInt: ContactIntID,ContactID,FieldDefinitionID,ContactIntValue 41,22,13,27 Question: Is it possible to return the content of these tables in two rows like this: ContactID,Name,Adress,Age 21,"Person A","Adress of person A",NULL 22,"Person B",NULL,27 I have looked into using the COALESCE and Temp tables, wondering if this is at all possible. Even if it is: maybe I'm only adding complexity whilst sacrificing performance for benefit in datastorage and user definition option. What do you think? Best Regards /Thomas C

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  • how to manage a "resource" array efficiently

    - by Haiyuan Zhang
    The senario of my question is that one need to use a fixed size of array to keep track of certain number of "objects" . The object here can be as simply as a integer or as complex as very fancy data structure. And "keep track" here means to allocate one object when other part of the app need one instance of object and recyle it for future allocation when one instance of the object is returned .Finally ,let me use c++ to put my problme in a more descriptive way . #define MAX 65535 /* 65535 just indicate that many items should be handled . performance demanding! */ typedef struct { int item ; }Item_t; Item_t items[MAX] ; class itemManager { private : /* up to you.... */ public : int get() ; /* get one index to a free Item_t in items */ bool put(int index) ; /* recyle one Item_t indicate by one index in items */ } how will you implement the two public functions of itemManager ? it's up to you to add any private member .

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  • Problem installing mod_jk on Ubuntu karmic apache httpd 2.2.12 and tomcat 6

    - by Deny Prasetyo
    I have a problem when configuring mod_jk on ubuntu i use apache httpd 2.2.12 and tomcat 6 I installed apache httpd and lib mod_jk from synaptic and use default configuration. Here my mod_jk.conf Load mod_jk module Update this path to match your modules location LoadModule jk_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_jk.so Where to find workers.properties Update this path to match your conf directory location JkWorkersFile /etc/apache2/workers.properties Where to put jk logs Update this path to match your logs directory location JkLogFile /etc/apache2/logs/mod_jk.log Set the jk log level [debug/error/info] JkLogLevel info Select the log format JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]" JkOptions indicate to send SSL KEY SIZE, JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories JkRequestLogFormat set the request format JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T" Send everything for context /ws to worker ajp13 JkMount /themark ajp13 JkMount /themark/* ajp13 Send everything for context /jsp-examples to worker ajp13 JkMount /static ajp13 JkMount /static/* ajp13 Send everything for context /servelts-examples to worker ajp13 JkMount /servlets-examples ajp13 JkMount /servlets-examples/* ajp13 and this my workers.properties Define 1 real worker named ajp13 worker.list=ajp13 Set properties for worker named ajp13 to use ajp13 protocol, and run on port 8009 worker.ajp13.type=ajp13 worker.ajp13.host=localhost worker.ajp13.port=8009 worker.ajp13.lbfactor=50 worker.ajp13.cachesize=10 worker.ajp13.cache_timeout=600 worker.ajp13.socket_keepalive=1 worker.ajp13.socket_timeout=300 when i start apache httpd and tomcat 6. it seem that mod_jk load successfully and tomcat 6 recognized the ajp connector. here my tomcat 6 log INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080 Mar 29, 2010 11:48:34 AM org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init INFO: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009 Mar 29, 2010 11:48:34 AM org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start INFO: Jk running ID=0 time=0/16 config=null here my mod_jk.log [Mon Mar 29 11:06:53 2010][6688:3499775792] [info] init_jk::mod_jk.c (2830): mod_jk/1.2.26 initialized [Mon Mar 29 11:16:59 2010][18277:1983043376] [info] init_jk::mod_jk.c (2830): mod_jk/1.2.26 initialized [Mon Mar 29 11:16:59 2010][18278:1983043376] [info] init_jk::mod_jk.c (2830): mod_jk/1.2.26 initialized but when i access http://localhost/themark it won't work. it seems that apache httpd can load the mod_jk module but it can listen the ajp. is there somebody ever had same problem? nb: i use the same config in windows using xampplite and it works well

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  • Type-conditional controls in Haskell

    - by estanford
    I'm going through the 99 Haskell problems to build my proficiency with the language. On problem 7 ("Flatten a nested list structure"), I found myself wanting to define a conditional behavior based on the type of argument passed to a function. That is, since *Main> :t 1 1 :: (Num t) => t *Main> :t [1,2] [1,2] :: (Num t) => [t] *Main> :t [[1],[2]] [[1],[2]] :: (Num t) => [[t]] (i.e. lists nested at different levels have different data types) it seems like I should be able to write a function that can read the type of the argument, and then behave accordingly. My first attempt was along these lines: listflatten l = do if (:t l) /= ((Num t) => [t]) then listflatten (foldl (++) [] l) else id l But when I try to do that, Haskell returns a parse error. Is Haskell flexible enough to allow this sort of type manipulation, do I need to find another way?

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  • syntax help required on templated static member function

    - by omatai
    I have a bunch of containers of object pointers that I want to iterate through in different contexts to produce diagnostics for them. I'm struggling with the syntax required to define the functions... which, on account of these objects filtering through diverse parts of my application, seem best encapsulated in a dedicated diagnostics class thus: // Code sketch only - detail fleshed out below... class ObjectListDiagnoser { public: static void GenerateDiagnostics( /* help required here! */ ); }; ... // Elsewhere in the system... ObjectListDiagnoser::GenerateDiagnostics( /* help required here! */ ); What I'd like to be able to do (in places across my application) is at least this: std::vector<MyObject *> objGroup1; std::list<MyObject *> objGroup2; ObjectListDiagnoser::GenerateDiagnostics( objGroup1.begin(), objGroup1.end() ); ObjectListDiagnoser::GenerateDiagnostics( objGroup2.begin(), objGroup2.end() ); ObjectListDiagnoser::GenerateDiagnostics( objGroup1.rbegin(), objGroup1.rend() ); I have tried to template my function in two ways, with no success: class ObjectListDiagnoser { public: // 1 - nope. template <class ObjIter> static void GenerateDiagnostics( ObjIter first, ObjIter last ); // 2. - nope. template <class Container, class ObjIter> static void GenerateDiagnostics( Container<MyObject *>::ObjIter first, Container<MyObject *>::ObjIter last ); }; Can someone provide the correct syntax for this? The container type will vary, and the direction of iteration will vary, but always for the same type of object.

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  • instantiate python object within a c function called via ctypes

    - by gwk
    My embedded Python 3.3 program segfaults when I instantiate python objects from a c function called by ctypes. After setting up the interpreter, I can successfully instantiate a python Int (as well as a custom c extension type) from c main: #import <Python/Python.h> #define LOGPY(x) \ { fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", #x); PyObject_Print((PyObject*)(x), stderr, 0); fputc('\n', stderr); } // c function to be called from python script via ctypes. void instantiate() { PyObject* instance = PyObject_CallObject((PyObject*)&PyLong_Type, NULL); LOGPY(instance); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { Py_Initialize(); instantiate(); // works fine // run a script that calls instantiate() via ctypes. FILE* scriptFile = fopen("emb.py", "r"); if (!scriptFile) { fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: cannot open script file\n"); return 1; } PyRun_SimpleFileEx(scriptFile, scriptPath, 1); // close on completion return 0; } I then run a python script using PyRun_SimpleFileEx. It appears to run just fine, but when it calls instantiate() via ctypes, the program segfaults inside PyObject_CallObject: import ctypes as ct dy = ct.CDLL('./emb') dy.instantiate() # segfaults lldb output: instance: 0 Process 52068 stopped * thread #1: tid = 0x1c03, 0x000000010000d3f5 Python`PyObject_Call + 69, stop reason = EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=1, address=0x18) frame #0: 0x000000010000d3f5 Python`PyObject_Call + 69 Python`PyObject_Call + 69: -> 0x10000d3f5: movl 24(%rax), %edx 0x10000d3f8: incl %edx 0x10000d3fa: movl %edx, 24(%rax) 0x10000d3fd: leaq 2069148(%rip), %rax ; _Py_CheckRecursionLimit (lldb) bt * thread #1: tid = 0x1c03, 0x000000010000d3f5 Python`PyObject_Call + 69, stop reason = EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=1, address=0x18) frame #0: 0x000000010000d3f5 Python`PyObject_Call + 69 frame #1: 0x00000001000d5197 Python`PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords + 87 frame #2: 0x0000000201100d8e emb`instantiate + 30 at emb.c:9 Why does the call to instantiate() fail from ctypes only? The function only crashes when it calls into the python lib, so perhaps some interpreter state is getting munged by the ctypes FFI call?

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  • How to setup a Zend_Application with an application.ini and a user.ini

    - by Peter Smit
    I am using Zend_Application and it does not feel right that I am mixing in my application.ini both application and user configuration. What I mean with this is the following. For example, my application needs some library classes in the namespace MyApp_ . So in application.ini I put autoloaderNamespaces[] = "MyApp_". This is pure application configuration, no-one except a programmer would change these. On the other hand I put there a database configuration, something that a SysAdmin would change. My idea is that I would split options between an application.ini and an user.ini, where the options in user.ini take preference (so I can define standard values in application.ini). Is this a good idea? How can I best implement this? The idea's I have are Extending Zend_Application to take multiple config files Making an init function in my Bootstrap loading the user.ini Parsing the config files in my index.php and pass these to Zend_Application (sounds ugly) What shall I do? I would like to have the 'cleanest' solution, which is prepared for the future (newer ZF versions, and other developers working on the same app)

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  • What Scheme Does Ghuloum Use?

    - by Don Wakefield
    I'm trying to work my way through Compilers: Backend to Frontend (and Back to Front Again) by Abdulaziz Ghuloum. It seems abbreviated from what one would expect in a full course/seminar, so I'm trying to fill in the pieces myself. For instance, I have tried to use his testing framework in the R5RS flavor of DrScheme, but it doesn't seem to like the macro stuff: src/ghuloum/tests/tests-driver.scm:6:4: read: illegal use of open square bracket I've read his intro paper on the course, An Incremental Approach to Compiler Construction, which gives a great overview of the techniques used, and mentions a couple of Schemes with features one might want to implement for 'extra credit', but he doesn't mention the Scheme he uses in the course. Update I'm still digging into the original question (investigating options such as Petit Scheme suggested by Eli below), but found an interesting link relating to Gholoum's work, so I am including it here. [Ikarus Scheme](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikarus_(Scheme_implementation)) is the actual implementation of Ghuloum's ideas, and appears to have been part of his Ph.D. work. It's supposed to be one of the first implementations of R6RS. I'm trying to install Ikarus now, but the configure script doesn't want to recognize my system's install of libgmp.so, so my problems are still unresolved. Example The following example seems to work in PLT 2.4.2 running in DrEd using the Pretty Big (require lang/plt-pretty-big) (load "/Users/donaldwakefield/ghuloum/tests/tests-driver.scm") (load "/Users/donaldwakefield/ghuloum/tests/tests-1.1-req.scm") (define (emit-program x) (unless (integer? x) (error "---")) (emit " .text") (emit " .globl scheme_entry") (emit " .type scheme_entry, @function") (emit "scheme_entry:") (emit " movl $~s, %eax" x) (emit " ret") ) Attempting to replace the require directive with #lang scheme results in the error message foo.scm:7:3: expand: unbound identifier in module in: emit which appears to be due to a failure to load tests-driver.scm. Attempting to use #lang r6rs disables the REPL, which I'd really like to use, so I'm going to try to continue with Pretty Big. My thanks to Eli Barzilay for his patient help.

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