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• Panic Transmit file upload

  - by 1ndivisible

  I've ditched Coda and bought Transmit. I'm a little confused by the file uploading. I have exactly the same folder structure remotely and locally, but if I right-click a file and choose Upload "SomeFileName.html" The file is always uploaded into the root of the remote site, even if the file is in a folder. If I choose to upload a file at assets/images/some_image.png I would expect it to be uploaded to the same folder on the remote server, not the root. Coda dealt with this perfectly and also told me what files had been modified and needed uploading. Transmit doesn't seem to do either of these things. So my questions are: How can I upload a file to the same path on the remote server without having to drag and drop Is there any way to have Transmit mark edited files or upload only edited files. [There is no tag for Transmit so if someone with more rep could make and add one that would be grand]

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• Retrieve malicious IP addresses from Apache logs and block them with iptables

  - by Gabriel Talavera

  Im trying to keep away some attackers that try to exploit XSS vulnerabilities from my website, I have found that most of the malicious attempts start with a classic "alert(document.cookie);\" test. The site is not vulnerable to XSS but I want to block the offending IP addresses before they found a real vulnerability, also, to keep the logs clean. My first thought is to have a script constantly checking in the Apache logs all IP addresses that start with that probe and send those addresses to an iptables drop rule. With something like this: cat /var/log/httpd/-access_log | grep "alert(document.cookie);" | awk '{print $1}' | uniq Why would be an effective way to send the output of that command to iptables? Thanks in advance for any input!

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• Why does diskpart set the volume attributes on all volumes?

  - by Nick

  I was trying to migrate a Win7 OS from a HDD to a SSD. I've created 2 partition with 1024KB offset, with diskpart: 100MB System Reserved and a 60GB for C:. I've cloned their contents using Easeus Disk Copy. I've loaded the Windows 7 Boot DVD, and wanted to use diskpart to drop the letter for the System Reserved partition and make it hidden. select volume 0 detail volume attribute volume set nodefaultdriveletter attribute volume set hidden These 2 attribute set commands actioned on both volumes (0 and 1, MSR and C:) instead of the selected one, and viceversa. I've tried to clear these attributes from volume 1, but it cleared them also from volume 0. Why does DiskPart have this behaviour?

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• How to get age field in Google Docs form:

  - by Juhele

  we need to create a form asking the clients for their age. Is there any way to create a field where you can only fill in numbers - maybe only 4 numbers like 1976 or 2011. Second alternative could be date. It would be perfect if I could limit the number - something like "not lower than 1800 and not higher than 2012" to prevent invalid numbers. I can create question with drop down list, but creating a list of all possible years would be stupid and incomfortable to choose from. thanks much

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• What can cause peaks in pagetables in /proc/meminfo ?

  - by Fuzzy76

  I have a gameserver running Debian Lenny on a VPS host. Even when experiencing a fairly low load, the players start experiencing major lag (ping times rise from 50 ms to 150-500 ms) in bursts of 3 - 10 seconds. I have installed Munin server monitoring, but when looking at the graphs it looks like the server has plenty of CPU, RAM and bandwidth available. The only weird thing I noticed is some peaks in the memory graph attributed to "page_tables" which maps to PageTables in /proc/meminfo but I can't find any good information on what this might mean. Any ideas what might be causing this? If you need any more graps, just let me know. The interrupts/second count is at roughly 400-600 during this period (nearly all from eth0). The drop in committed was caused by me trying to lower the allocated memory for the server from 512MB to 256MB, but that didn't seem to help.

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• IPv6 connections routed to IPv4 device

  - by Yvan JANSSENS

  I have an IBM 9406-250 with V5R1 and IPv4 only connectivity, and want it to be reachable over IPv6. I cannnot install an IPv6 stack on it, but I want it to be accessible by IPv6 so I can drop the requirement to VPN to my home network. I have an OpenWRT device running, which takes care of the IPv6 routing on my network and the tunnel to SIXXS, and I was wondering if it is possible to assign another IPv6 address to that device, and route it to the IPv4 IBM computer. Which software do I need for this, and how is this technique called?

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• Using nginx and/or varnish to cache server-generated 301 redirects

  - by rlotun

  I'm implementing a sort of url-shortener service. What happens is that I have some backend app server that takes in a request, does some computation and returns a 301 redirected url back upstream to an nginx frontend: request ---> nginx ----> app_server What I want to be able to do is cache this returned 301 url for the same request (a specific url with a "short code"). Does nginx do this caching automatically? Or should I drop in something like varnish in between nginx and the app_server? I can easily cache this in memcache, but that would require hitting the app_server, which I'm sure can be dispensed with after the first request. Thanks.

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• f12 and ctrl + f5 not working correctly

  - by ComatoseDuck

  When I came back to my work computer after being away for a week I found out when I try to clear the cache and refresh the page via ctrl + f5 (or just f5) I get the prompt "Type the Internet address of a document, and Internet Explorer will open it for you" with a drop down list in IE. When I try f5 in Chrome and FF it opens the "Open file" dialog box. When I try to f12 for Dev tools in IE, Chrome & FF it opens up the print dialog box. Why is this happening and what can I do to revert it back to the way it was?

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• How can I register a custom protocol with xdg?

  - by julien

  I've been struggling this morning trying to associate an application with a custom protocol, namely emacsclient and org-protocol. I'm calling this protocol from a webbrowser bookmarklet, and I get the following behaviour : In chromium, the "Launch Application" dialog comes up, and calls xdg-open org-protocol://... which ends up firing a new chromium frame. In firefox, I've tried setting network.protocol-handler.app.org-protocol to an empty string or my emacsclient path, anyhow I get the following error message : "Firefox doesn't know how to open this address, because the protocol (org-protocol) isn't associated with any program" without even showing any external application selection dialog. I'm not using any desktop environment, so I need to make this work strictly with xdg, however, despite reading the shared mime info spec etc, I still can't fathom a working configuration.

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• Delay index build until SQL Server table load is complete with SSIS

  - by Mattew

  I have a large table that I am updating. Is it possible to disable index updates on the destination table until the load is complete? It seems like a waste for it to be constantly updating the index with each commit. I can just drop and recreate the index before and after the load, I just want to know if there is a quick way to configure that in the OLEDB or SQL Server destination. Server is Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition, running SQL Server 2008 Standard Edition with SSIS.

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• make "sort by" permanent for specific folder

  - by Black Cobra

  I have a folder where I store all my web icons in .png and .ico format. I set view to large icons and sort by to date modified -> descending. When I save new icons in this folder from web, I drag and drop them from browser (chrome) to the folder. The problem is after that the icons in the folder are not sorted by date modified descending any more... So how can I set any file or program or something that will set the sort by to date modified -> descending for that folder only each time I will access (open) the folder? I am using window 7 x64.

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• recommended way to collect email notifications from crond in Arch Linux

  - by nponeccop

  Arch Linux doesn't have sendmail installed by default. So I get the following messages in my syslog: Sep 15 13:16:01 zorro crond[18497]: mailing cron output for user collectors sh cronjob.sh Sep 15 13:16:01 zorro crond[18497]: unable to exec /usr/sbin/sendmail: cron output for user collectors sh cronjob.sh to /dev/null What is the recommended way to fix this default behaviour so actual messages are sent? heirloom-mailx is installed and capable of sending email messages using SMTP. Is it possible for crond to use mailx to send notifications? Is there any drop-in replacement for sendmail that sends using mailx? Sendmail is not even in the repositories.

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• Windows Server 2008: Limit UDP/TCP packets per IP or ban

  - by WBAR

  How I can limit UDP/TCP packets per IP send to my host (or better PORT) per second or minute ? Would be nice to ban that IP for 12/24 hours or even for ever. I got Windows Server 2008 and I'm very poor in Windows administration but quite good in Linux. EDIT: By basic problem is that They sending a lot of rubbish UPD and TCP packets.. TCP packets without SYNCH, fragmented UDP packets so my servers stop responding.. So I need to cut off users (IPs) sending more than X packets per second. I need solution witch provides me, somehow, configurable: X packets of certain type (UDP, TCP or both - lets say parameter named Z ) are allowed to be received by IP on Y port, otherwise this packet should be DROPPED. My virtual hosts are hosted by VirtualBox and I'm able to forward all incoming packets certain type and certain port to the specific Virtual Host, but I need to DROP them before my VirtualBox receive them.

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• Can Robocopy be made to skip open files?

  - by domspurling

  We are using Robocopy to redistribute files which arrive via FTP in a drop folder. Ideally we want Robocopy to leave files alone if they are still being FTPd. Having tried various switches, Robocopy still copies the open files. It doesn't delete them, so the FTP continues unaffected. However, we end up with truncated files being distributed to their destination. Can Robocopy be made to skip open files? Perhaps there is something more suitable than Robocopy for this task?

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• Proguard and two projects using the same android library. broadcasting. ClassNotFoundException

  - by trololo

  The problem:I have got 2 apps. The interact with each other via broadcasting. I have parcelable class in the android library (they send content of class in the library). So after using Proguard I have got ClassNotFondException. How to solve it? 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start receiver <appname>.<name>.ar.free.BRMain: java.lang.RuntimeException: Parcelable encounteredClassNotFoundException reading a Serializable object (name = <appname>.a.a.b) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleReceiver(ActivityThread.java:2277) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1500(ActivityThread.java:140) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4898) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1006) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:773) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Parcelable encounteredClassNotFoundException reading a Serializable object (name = <appname>.a.a.b) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.os.Parcel.readSerializable(Parcel.java:2148) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.os.Parcel.readValue(Parcel.java:2016) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.os.Parcel.readMapInternal(Parcel.java:2226) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.os.Bundle.unparcel(Bundle.java:223) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.os.Bundle.getInt(Bundle.java:922) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at <appname>.<name>.ar.free.BRMain.onReceive(BRMain.java:35) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleReceiver(ActivityThread.java:2270) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): ... 10 more 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: <appname>.a.a.b 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.lang.Class.classForName(Native Method) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:217) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.io.ObjectInputStream.resolveClass(ObjectInputStream.java:2301) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNewClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1660) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:683) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNewObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1803) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNonPrimitiveContent(ObjectInputStream.java:787) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:2003) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1960) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at android.os.Parcel.readSerializable(Parcel.java:2142) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): ... 16 more 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: <appname>/a/a/b 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): ... 26 more 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: <appname>.a.a.b 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:61) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:501) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:461) 07-03 02:13:51.832: E/AndroidRuntime(6801): ... 26 more

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• bind udp problem

  - by mascix

  I am using bind 9.6.1 and about 2 days ago I realized that there is a bug at bind for windows platform. when server gets "UDP client handler shutting down due to fatal receive error: host unreachable" error. it stays alive but no response for after dns queries. then I need to restart it manually to make it responsive(I put a task for this issue from windows). I cant use microsoft windows dns server because I am using windows 2008 server web edition which does not include that. so my question is what are the other solutions you use for dns server in windows ?

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• Website filtering for OpenVPN clients

  - by Asche

  I am currently trying to block some websites by their domain names for all the clients of my OpenVPN server. My first idea was to use the /etc/hosts file. But, its effects seem to be limited to the host only and not to be taken in consideration by OpenVPN. I then tried to configure bind9 and to interface it with OpenVPN, but that solution was unsuccessful and uneasy to use. After this, I considered using iptables to drop all the packets from/to those websites but that forum thread made me thought otherwise since iptables' behavior with FQDN may generate complex issues. Have you got a solution to block websites for all clients using an OpenVPN server on which I am root?

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• fail2ban on server with LXC Containers

  - by RoboTamer

  The issue is modprobe and iptables don't work inside an LXC Container. LXC is the userspace control package for Linux Containers, a lightweight virtual system mechanism sometimes described as “chroot on steroids”. iptables error inside the container is: # iptables -I INPUT -s 122.129.126.194 -j DROP > iptables v1.4.8: can't initialize iptables table `filter': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?) Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded. I am guessing that it can't work because the LXC containers share one kernel, the main server kernel. How do I do fail2ban in this case. modprobe and iptables work in the main server so I could install it there and link to the logfiles somehow, my guess? Any suggestions?

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• Software to draw custom street maps?

  - by jay

  I'm looking for any (Windows) software that allows me to draw custom street maps. I'm not looking for something that displays existing maps from real places, but something that allows me to define my own map. Obviously this can be achieved through any graphics program however I am wondering if there's a software which makes it almost drag-drop easy to create your own maps of visual quality to that of Open Street Maps, Google Maps, street directories etc. Preferably an offline desktop app with attention on design rather than complex geospacial specifics. Context: I want to make a detailed street map for a game I'm making.

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• How to open a server port outside of an OpenVPN tunnel with a pf firewall on OSX (BSD)

  - by Timbo

  I have a Mac mini that I use as a media server running XBMC and serves media from my NAS to my stereo and TV (which has been color calibrated with a Spyder3Express, happy). The Mac runs OSX 10.8.2 and the internet connection is tunneled for general privacy over OpenVPN through Tunnelblick. I believe my anonymous VPN provider pushes "redirect_gateway" to OpenVPN/Tunnelblick because when on it effectively tunnels all non-LAN traffic in- and outbound. As an unwanted side effect that also opens the boxes server ports unprotected to the outside world and bypasses my firewall-router (Netgear SRX5308). I have run nmap from outside the LAN on the VPN IP and the server ports on the mini are clearly visible and connectable. The mini has the following ports open: ssh/22, ARD/5900 and 8080+9090 for the XBMC iOS client Constellation. I also have Synology NAS which apart from LAN file serving over AFP and WebDAV only serves up an OpenVPN/1194 and a PPTP/1732 server. When outside of the LAN I connect to this from my laptop over OpenVPN and over PPTP from my iPhone. I only want to connect through AFP/548 from the mini to the NAS. The border firewall (SRX5308) just works excellently, stable and with a very high throughput when streaming from various VOD services. My connection is a 100/10 with a close to theoretical max throughput. The ruleset is as follows Inbound: PPTP/1723 Allow always to 10.0.0.40 (NAS/VPN server) from a restricted IP range >corresponding to possible cell provider range OpenVPN/1194 Allow always to 10.0.0.40 (NAS/VPN server) from any Outbound: Default outbound policy: Allow Always OpenVPN/1194 TCP Allow always from 10.0.0.40 (NAS) to a.b.8.1-a.b.8.254 (VPN provider) OpenVPN/1194 UDP Allow always to 10.0.0.40 (NAS) to a.b.8.1-a.b.8.254 (VPN provider) Block always from NAS to any On the Mini I have disabled the OSX Application Level Firewall because it throws popups which don't remember my choices from one time to another and that's annoying on a media server. Instead I run Little Snitch which controls outgoing connections nicely on an application level. I have configured the excellent OSX builtin firewall pf (from BSD) as follows pf.conf (Apple App firewall tie-ins removed) (# replaced with % to avoid formatting errors) ### macro name for external interface. eth_if = "en0" vpn_if = "tap0" ### wifi_if = "en1" ### %usb_if = "en3" ext_if = $eth_if LAN="{10.0.0.0/24}" ### General housekeeping rules ### ### Drop all blocked packets silently set block-policy drop ### all incoming traffic on external interface is normalized and fragmented ### packets are reassembled. scrub in on $ext_if all fragment reassemble scrub in on $vpn_if all fragment reassemble scrub out all ### exercise antispoofing on the external interface, but add the local ### loopback interface as an exception, to prevent services utilizing the ### local loop from being blocked accidentally. ### set skip on lo0 antispoof for $ext_if inet antispoof for $vpn_if inet ### spoofing protection for all interfaces block in quick from urpf-failed ############################# block all ### Access to the mini server over ssh/22 and remote desktop/5900 from LAN/en0 only pass in on $eth_if proto tcp from $LAN to any port {22, 5900, 8080, 9090} ### Allow all udp and icmp also, necessary for Constellation. Could be tightened. pass on $eth_if proto {udp, icmp} from $LAN to any ### Allow AFP to 10.0.0.40 (NAS) pass out on $eth_if proto tcp from any to 10.0.0.40 port 548 ### Allow OpenVPN tunnel setup over unprotected link (en0) only to VPN provider IPs ### and port ranges pass on $eth_if proto tcp from any to a.b.8.0/24 port 1194:1201 ### OpenVPN Tunnel rules. All traffic allowed out, only in to ports 4100-4110 ### Outgoing pings ok pass in on $vpn_if proto {tcp, udp} from any to any port 4100:4110 pass out on $vpn_if proto {tcp, udp, icmp} from any to any So what are my goals and what does the above setup achieve? (until you tell me otherwise :) 1) Full LAN access to the above ports on the mini/media server (including through my own VPN server) 2) All internet traffic from the mini/media server is anonymized and tunneled over VPN 3) If OpenVPN/Tunnelblick on the mini drops the connection, nothing is leaked both because of pf and the router outgoing ruleset. It can't even do a DNS lookup through the router. So what do I have to hide with all this? Nothing much really, I just got carried away trying to stop port scans through the VPN tunnel :) In any case this setup works perfectly and it is very stable. The Problem at last! I want to run a minecraft server and I installed that on a separate user account on the mini server (user=mc) to keep things partitioned. I don't want this server accessible through the anonymized VPN tunnel because there are lots more port scans and hacking attempts through that than over my regular IP and I don't trust java in general. So I added the following pf rule on the mini: ### Allow Minecraft public through user mc pass in on $eth_if proto {tcp,udp} from any to any port 24983 user mc pass out on $eth_if proto {tcp, udp} from any to any user mc And these additions on the border firewall: Inbound: Allow always TCP/UDP from any to 10.0.0.40 (NAS) Outbound: Allow always TCP port 80 from 10.0.0.40 to any (needed for online account checkups) This works fine but only when the OpenVPN/Tunnelblick tunnel is down. When up no connection is possbile to the minecraft server from outside of LAN. inside LAN is always OK. Everything else functions as intended. I believe the redirect_gateway push is close to the root of the problem, but I want to keep that specific VPN provider because of the fantastic throughput, price and service. The Solution? How can I open up the minecraft server port outside of the tunnel so it's only available over en0 not the VPN tunnel? Should I a static route? But I don't know which IPs will be connecting...stumbles How secure would to estimate this setup to be and do you have other improvements to share? I've searched extensively in the last few days to no avail...If you've read this far I bet you know the answer :)

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• Toggle "ask for password after screensaver/sleep" or the delay in 10.7 using terminal

  - by desbo

  There's an option in the preference panel to change the time the mac is able to be in sleep/screensaver before requiring a password to be unlocked again. I'm using OS X Lion 10.7. Is there any way to change this setting using the terminal or an applescript? I tried to change the plist file using: defaults write com.apple.screensaver askForPasswordDelay -int 60 also tried defaults write com.apple.screensaver askForPasswordDelay -float 60 also completely disabling the password didnt work either defaults write com.apple.screensaver askForPassword -int 0 The plist file was changed, but it had no effects at all. It's the same plist file that gets changed when manually switching the setting in the preferences. Would be awesome if anyone got an idea how to fix my problem. EDIT: also tried to: 1) add -currentHost flag 2) drop the -int / -float

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• Why not install Msvcr71.dll into system32?

  - by hillu

  While looking for an authoritative source for the missing Msvcr71.dll that is needed by a few old applications, I stumbled across the MSDN article Redistribution of the shared C runtime component in Visual C++. The advice given to developers is to drop the DLL into the application's directory instead of system32 since DLLs in this directory are considered before the system paths. What can/will go wrong if I (as an administrator, not a developer) decide to take the lazy path and install Msvcr71.dll (and Msvcp71.dll while I'm at it) into the system32 directory (of 32 bit Windows XP or Windows 7 systems) instead of putting a copy in each application's directory? Is there another good solution to provide the applications with the needed DLLs that doesn't involve copying stuff to the application directories?

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• Does a bad Internet connection increase bandwidth usage?

  - by Synetech

  My (Rogers) cable connection has been pretty bad recently (channels 3 and 10 are particularly fuzzy—it’s analog, not digital cable). Not surprisingly, this has caused my cable modem to drop out and have to reestablish a connection a couple of times since it started. The poor connection of course means higher corruption (not necessarily dropped per se) which causes the TCP/IP stack to have to retransmit packets more often. Reduction of bandwidth throughput aside, I got to wondering if it increases the actual bandwidth usage. That is, if there is a high error rate on the line causing packets to have to be retransmitted: Does this increase a bandwidth monitoring program’s numbers? Does the ISP count the retransmitted packets toward the monthly cap? Based on what I remember from my university networking courses and common sense, I have a feeling that the answer to both questions is yes, but I cannot reliably measure the first, and have no authoritative answer for the second. I’m wondering if maybe the retransmitted packets are acknowledged as being duplicates and thus not counted somewhere along the line.

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• Is there analog of aticonfig --set-powerstate for open source radeon driver?

  - by vava

  I'm running Ubuntu 9.04 on relatively old laptop with ATI Mobility x600 inside. On the last version of Ubuntu, when I was able to run proprietary fglrx driver, I was able to slow down graphic card by aticonfig --set-powerstate 1 and save some battery charge. Now I forced to run open source driver as ATI decided to drop support for old cards. But I can't find a way to control power states now except relying on DynamicClocks option in xorg.conf. But I really know better when and what powerstate I want, so is there a tool that let me change power state manually or at least let me somehow change the behavior of automatic power state selection?

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• Do you have suggestions for these assembly mnemonics?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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