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  • New AD user request form and workflow

    - by user66390
    I'm wondering if anyone is providing a solid solution for creating New Network User Account Request forms, and attaching workflows to them to automate account creation? I'm currently investigating a number of options, but am surprised that such a ubiquitous task hasn't been solved a dozen times over and thoroughly documented. Or at least isn't integrated into current off-the-shelf change management and ticketing systems. Ideally, I'd like for our current ticketing system, ServiceDesk+ to present a standard 'New User' form to department heads, which they can fill in with the required new user details. This triggers a workflow that submits the request as a ticket that can be reviewed and actioned. Actioning the ticket triggers a workflow that creates a user in AD with the details provided, and notifies the department head upon completion. All told, a pretty standard requirement that I'm sure most organizations have. What are other people doing to accomplish this? Edit: I should add, I'm more looking for "supported" methods. As is, I've submitted a number of scripted solutions, none of which have met with manager approval.

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  • What is the risk of introducing non standard image machines to a corporate environment

    - by Troy Hunt
    I’m after some feedback from those in the managed desktop or network security space on the risks of introducing machines that are not built on a standard desktop image into a large corporate environment. This particular context relates to the standard corporate image (32 bit Win XP) in a large multi-national not being suitable for a particular segment of users. In short, I’m looking at what hurdles we might come across by proposing the introduction of machines which are built and maintained by a handful of software developers and not based on the corporate desktop image (proposing 64 bit Win 7). I suspect the barriers are primarily around virus definition updates, the rollout of service packs and patches and the compatibility of existing applications with the newer OS. In terms of viruses and software updates, if machines were using common virus protection software with automated updates and using Windows Update for service packs and patches, is there still a viable risk to the corporate environment? For that matter, are large corporate environments normally vulnerable to the introduction of a machine not based on a standard image? I’m trying to get my head around how real the risk of infection and other adverse events are from machines being plugged into the network. There are multiple scenarios outside of just the example above where this might happen (i.e. a vendor plugging in a machine for internet access during a presentation). Would a large corporate network normally be sufficiently hardened against such innocuous activity? I appreciate the theory as to why policies such as standard desktop images exist, I’m just interested in the actual, practical risk and how much a network should be protected by means other than what is managed on individual PCs.

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  • Expanding raidz vdev

    - by Blubber
    I'm currently planning on installing FreeBSD 9 on my home server. The machine has 4x 1.5TB disks, and at some point, when HDD prices drop I'll be upgrading to something bigger, perhaps 3TB. The disks are connected to an IBM ServerRaid m1015 in IT mode, this card has room for up to eight disks. Now here is the problem, currently the 4x 1.5TB will be connected to the m1015. Then when prices drop I'll be adding something like 4x 3TB, also connected to the m1015. No problem yet, I can just run 2 raidz2 vdevs and put them in the same pool. But, at some point the 1.5TBs will start to break, or I will have to upgrade them when the pool runs out of space. So I started researching if it's possible to expand a raidz vdev, and I found several pages explaining the same procedure, like this on SF: How to upgrade a ZFS RAID-Z array to larger disks on OpenSolaris?. So I went a head and tried that in vmware, I installed FreeBSD 9 and created 6 virtual disks, 3 of 1GB each and 3 of 10GB each. After building a raidz vdev of the 1GBs I replaced them one by one with the 10GB, but the pool did not increase in size. Is this a limitation of the ZFS implementation in FreeBSD? Or am I just doing something wrong?

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  • sudo or acl or setuid/setgid?

    - by Xavier Maillard
    for a reason I do not really understand, everyone wants sudo for all and everything. At work we even have as many entries as there are way to read a logfile (head/tail/cat/more, ...). I think, sudo is defeating here. I'd rather use a mix of setgid/setuid directories and add ACL here and there but I really need to know what are the best practices before starting up. Our servers have %admin, %production, %dba, %users -i.e many groups and many users. Each service (mysql, apache, ...) has its own way to install privileges but members of the %production group must be able to consult configuration file or even log files. There is still the solution to add them into the right groups (mysql...) and set the good permission. But I do not want to usermod all users, I do not want to modify standards permissions since it could change after each upgrade. On the other hand, setting acls and/or mixing setuid/setgid on directories is something I could easily do without "defacing" the standard distribution. What do you think about this ? Taking the mysql example, that would look like this: setfacl d:g:production:rx,d:other::---,g:production:rx,other::--- /var/log/mysql /etc/mysql Do you think this is good practise or should I definetely usermod -G mysql and play with standard permissions system ? Thank you

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  • If I run two monitors from two different graphic cards, can I still have Twinview?

    - by rumtscho
    I am planning to get a second 2560x1440 monitor for home. The trouble is, I only have 1xDVI, 1xVGA on my graphics card (a 250 GT). I don't want to buy a new graphics card until the prices for the 500 series have stabilized, so probably not before summer (or will it happen earlier? I don't remember how it was for other series, and I couldn't find long-term price history for video cards). The solution I had in mind is to get the 7600 GS from my old PC, which also has 1xDVI, 1xVGA, and run each monitor on a separate card. I have never done that, and I was wondering 1. If I will be able to run the monitors in Twinview then, or will I be stuck with separate X sessions, and 2. Whether there are some other disadvantages as compared to a single-head graphics card. (I am using the proprietary driver because I need compiz). As an aside, how do I find out whether the DVI port on the old graphics card is dual link?

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  • Debian 100% cpu every 30 minutes but not loggable?

    - by user654123
    I have a Debian 7 x64 machine running with Digital Ocean that has every 30 Minutes a 100% cpu usage for about 1 minute. A couple of days ago it stayed there for a couple of hours so the server finally crashed and I had to repair my Mysql databases. The server is a pure webserver running apache2 and Mysql. I tried tracing which processes use the cpu but with no luck. The script I used: #!/bin/sh while true; do ps -A -eo pcpu,pid,user,args | sort -k 1 -r | head -3 >> proclog.txt; echo "\n" >> proclog.txt; sleep 2; done I was monitoring htop as well while this was happening, but the top processess' cpu usage didn't add up to ~15% even though htop's cpu meter showed constant 100%. htop was configured to show all users' processess, user- and kernel-threads. Edit: By stopping Apache2 & Mysql prior to the expected 100% usage I can tell both are not responsible for it. The 100% usage occurred anyway. This is what the graph looked like the past hours:

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  • Printer deployment via Group Policy not working on a single system

    - by Aron Rotteveel
    One of my coworkers just got a new laptop running Windows 7 Pro x64. We use a GPO to deploy the printers to every system, but for some reason it is not working on this system. I have been breaking my head over this for the past 3 hours now without any result. The strange thing is that gpresult /H seems to indicate that the GPO did run. The hardware: Laptop: Windows 7 Professional x64 Print server: Windows Server 2008 x64 R1 HP Color LaserJet 2605dn HP LaserJet P2015 Driver packages on server: HP universal printer driver PCL5, both X86 as X64 Oddities and other info: GPO working flawlessly on every other system, including my own Windows 7 Ultimate X64 laptop gpresult /H shows the GPO being ran Windows Firewall completely disabled on the new laptop Below is the output for gpresult /H (in Dutch sadly, but I think you'll recognize it): Beleidsregels Windows-instellingen Printerverbindingen Pad Dominerend groepsbeleidsobject \\Server2008\HP Color LaserJet 2605dn Printers \\Server2008\HP LaserJet P2015 Printers Beheersjablonen Beleidsdefinities (ADMX-bestanden) opgehaald van de lokale computer. Configuratiescherm/Printers Beleid Instelling Dominerend groepsbeleidsobject Beperkingen van point-and-print Uitgeschakeld Printers Like I said, I have been trying to figure this out for the past few hours or so without any result, so you are my last hope. Any help is appreciated.

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  • How should an experienced Windows SysAdmin learn Linux? [closed]

    - by Systemspoet
    I have a new hire starting in a few weeks who is an experienced Windows SysAdmin. I think he's fairly senior on the Windows side, with a pretty deep AD understanding and experience with Exchange 2007, 2010, and exchange migrations. He's done a little PowerShell but I suspect more of the "run this command to do this" variety then "write a script to do this" sort. However, we are a mixed shop and (he knows this) I expect him to become a reasonably competent Linux SysAdmin over time. I'm looking for good starting points to bring him along. I have over ten years of Linux/UNIX experience, so it all sort of seems intuitive to me, but I've been thinking about the toolkit you actually need to be productive in the Linux CLI world. Just to be able to use the machines at all, off the top of my head... vi Basic CLI stuff -- move around, rename files, copy files, tar, gzip, changing passwords, finding relevant manpages, keep track of where you are, find things in your history, etc, etc. More advanced things that I take for granted but are actually pretty hard -- doing things with 'find', extracting relevant text via 'awk' and/or 'cut', knowing when to use 'grep' and when to use 'grep -e' or 'egrep'. Distribution specific stuff... compiling software, rpm, yum, apt-get, you name it. This all seems pretty basic to me, but when I think back to 1995 when I was first learning my way, some of those things took me years to master. So my question is -- where should I send him to pick up those skills? I'm not just thinking of classes, but rather also websites and books? Where do you all suggest as a starting point for picking up Linux skills?

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  • Corsair SSD appears completely blank and does not retain written data

    - by ebanders
    I have a 180GB Corsair SSD (model# CSSD-F180GB2-BRKT) as the primary drive in a Windows laptop. Recently the machine became unbootable after installing Windows updates. Windows installed updates before the machine shut down and the next time the machine boot up it complained about not being able to find a bootable device. After finding fixmbr unsuccessful at making the machine unbootable, I investigated a little within knoppix. Fdisk revealed an empty partition table. A scan by Testdisk came up empty. And finally 'head -c 1024 | hd' reveals all zeros. Creating a primary partition spanning the whole disk completes successfully, but after a reboot the disk appears empty again. dmesg reveals no read or write errors. smartctl indicates that the drive is healthy- although the SMART attribute values do not appear to be read properly. "Data Page | WARNING: PREVIOUS ATTRIBUTE HAS TWO" and "Threshold Page | INCONSISTENT IDENTITIES IN THE DATA" messages appear within the table of values. I don't have much experience with SSDs. Is this drive dead or something? Can anyone recommend any diagnostic tools that may be suited for diagnosing SSDs?

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  • VPN with VLANs? [closed]

    - by Craig
    As usual, I'm sure I'm in way over my head on this one. My networking skills are limited; so, bear with me if you will. What I have are a few testing servers at my house as well as at a friends house that I want to link together so they can see each other (VPN right? I've done those before). We want to be able to see all the servers and work with them from either location. All the servers also need to be able to see each other. But, we don't want to see each others PCs, printers, PS3s etc. How do we pull that trick off? Multiple VLAN?... subnets?... what? If hardware matters, I have an old PC I was planning on loading pfSense onto because my current el-cheapo router doesn't support VPN. The VPN linking the houses is about the only thing I'm sure on. Beyond that, I'm lost. I'm not a complete noob; but, like I said, I'm not so sharp with the more complex networking. I do however read well... So use lots of descriptive words and feel free to link away to long dry articles if necessary. :-)

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  • How to divert traffic based on hostname using HAProxy?

    - by Bosky
    I've had some initial success with HAProxy setting up a bunch of app servers listening on various other ports. I now have another webserver listening on one port, and i'd like to what changes to make to my config to flow traffic by hostname as well. The following is the current setup, assuming: my apache webserver is running at examplecom:8001 my bunch of app servers 0.0.0.0:8081, 0.0.0.0:8082 , 0.0.0.0:8083 global log 127.0.0.1 local0 log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice maxconn 4096 debug #quiet #user haproxy #group haproxy defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull retries 3 redispatch maxconn 2000 contimeout 5000 clitimeout 50000 srvtimeout 50000 listen appservers 0.0.0.0:80 mode http balance roundrobin option httpclose option forwardfor #option httpchk HEAD /check.txt HTTP/1.0 server inst1 0.0.0.0:8081 cookie server01 check inter 2000 fall 3 server inst2 0.0.0.0:8082 cookie server02 check inter 2000 fall 3 server inst3 0.0.0.0:8083 cookie server01 check inter 2000 fall 3 server inst4 0.0.0.0:8084 cookie server02 check inter 2000 fall 3 capture cookie vgnvisitor= len 32 (any other comments on the ^ setup are welcome.) Now I'd like to continue the same above, but in addition in case - if the hostname is myspecialtopleveldomain<dot>com, then would like to flow traffic to example<dot>com:8001 ~B

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  • nginx root directory not forwarding correctly

    - by user66700
    The server files are store in /var/www/ Everything was working perfectly, then I've been getting the following errors 2011/01/28 17:20:05 [error] 15415#0: *1117703 "/var/www/https:/secure.domain.com/index.html" is not found (2: No such file or directory), client: 119.110.28.211, server: secure.domain.com, request: "HEAD /https://secure.domain.com/ HTTP/1.1", host: "secure.domain.com" Heres my config: server { server_name secure.domain.com; listen 443; listen [::]:443 default ipv6only=on; gzip on; gzip_comp_level 1; gzip_types text/plain text/html text/css application/x-javascript text/xml text/javascript; error_log logs/ssl.error.log; gzip_static on; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_proxied any; gzip_disable "msie6"; gzip_vary on; ssl on; ssl_ciphers RC4:ALL:-LOW:-EXPORT:!ADH:!MD5; keepalive_timeout 0; ssl_certificate /root/server.pem; ssl_certificate_key /root/ssl.key; location / { root /var/www; index index.html index.htm index.php; } }

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  • Understanding MySQL Query Caches and when to implement it?

    - by Jeff
    On our current MySQL server query cache is enabled. Qchache_hits: 31913 Qchache_inserts: 50959 Qchache_lowmem_prunes: 9320 Qchache_not_chached: 209320 Qchache_queries_in_chace: 986 com_update: 0 com_delete: 0 I do not fully understand the Query cache - I am reading about it currently and trying to understand it. Our database holds inventory data, customer data, employee data, sales data and so forth. The query is very rarely run more than once. The possibility of a query being run twice is viewing a specific sales information twice. But basically everything in our system changes constantly. It is always being updated, deleted, insterted and off the top of my head I can't picture users running the same query twice within a week. Do I even need to have the query cache enabled? I am guessing that the inserts means 51k entries have been added, but only 986 of those are being stored? Would an idea be to refresh the cache, and watch it for a week and check how many of the queries in cached are accessed maybe on a weekly basis to see if it is actually returning any benefits? Any help/guidance on this is appreciated, thanks

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  • Tunnell network requests with Windows 7

    - by mark
    I've Windows 7 64bit Pro client in a private LAN behind a Netgear wgr614v7 router. I've also a remote Debian server machine outside. I'd like to tunnel all (or specified ports/protocols) over this outside server, so when I'm on the Windows machine and I request serverfault.com it would not appear from the wgr614v7 public IP but from the server. But it's not only about HTTP traffic, it's basically about everything I'd like to: other TCP ports, even UDP, etc. It must be transparent to the application, e.g. they shouldn't be aware of this. All their requests just appear as being from the server and the tunnel between them takes care about the packets. I'm aware of e.g. Putty and forwarding individual ports or using it as a socks proxy, however not many applications to support this and the support in windows itself looks non-existent to me. I might add it should be something "reasonable" easy to set up. I've heard about PPTP but I'm unsure about it's security implications (by design). Should I go for VPN? There seem to be two common solutions for Linux (OpenSwan and StrongSwan), why would I pick the one over the other? I also fear that setting up a VPN might be quite complex, OTOH maybe it's the only sane way to do the things right? Or is OpenVPN sufficient? I'm seeking for open (source) solutions, what other options to I have or which direction should I head to?

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  • Passenger and ServerAlias not cooperating

    - by Pyzo
    I have a ruby application that runs on a server with multiple IP addresses and mutliple vhosts. Here is the configuration of the problematic virtual host: <VirtualHost 10.0.0.10:80> ServerName realname.example.com ServerAlias alias.example.com DocumentRoot /var/www/sites/example/current/public <Directory /var/www/sites/example/current/public> AllowOverride all Options -MultiViews </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/example_error_log CustomLog /var/log/httpd/example_access_log common RailsEnv production RackEnv production </VirtualHost> When I pull up realname.example.com the Ruby on Rails application works correctly. On the other hand alias.example.com just gives me Not Found: / I'm fairly certain the correct vhost is getting used because alias.example.com produces a 404 in the correct log file. I've tried adding logging to the Passenger config and it seems to indicate that Passenger is getting the request. Note: I can't redirect alias.example.com to realname.example.com. realname is accessed using a CDN, whereas alias is directly accessed. Anyone have any ideas why this isn't working? I've been banging my head for days and I've got a similar configuration in QA that works as expected.

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  • How to make lighttpd respect X-Forwarded-Proto when constructing redirects for directories?

    - by Tim Landscheidt
    We have an nginx proxy at tools.wmflabs.org that receives requests by http and https and passes them by http on to lighttpds on a grid (one lighttpd per top-level path). Requests that reach the proxy by https are received by the lighttpds like this: HEAD /lighttpd-test/test HTTP/1.1 Connection: close Host: tools.wmflabs.org X-Forwarded-Proto: https X-Original-URI: /lighttpd-test/test User-Agent: curl/7.29.0 Accept: */* This works great except in the case where the URL references a physical directory and misses the trailing slash ("/"), as lighttpd then generates a redirect to the http URL: HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently Location: http://tools.wmflabs.org/lighttpd-test/test/ Connection: close Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2014 14:50:29 GMT Server: lighttpd/1.4.28 The relevant parts of our lighttpd configurations are: server.modules = ( "mod_setenv", "mod_access", "mod_accesslog", "mod_alias", "mod_compress", "mod_redirect", "mod_rewrite", "mod_fastcgi", "mod_cgi", ) server.port = $port [...] server.document-root = "$home/public_html" [...] server.follow-symlink = "enable" [...] server.stat-cache-engine = "fam" ssl.engine = "disable" alias.url = ( "/$tool" => "$home/public_html/" ) index-file.names = ( "index.php", "index.html", "index.htm" ) dir-listing.encoding = "utf-8" server.dir-listing = "disable" url.access-deny = ( "~", ".inc" ) [...] How can I make lighttpd respect X-Forwarded-Proto and use it when constructing redirects for directories? I'm aware that I could try to tackle this in nginx, but I'd prefer if I can fix it in lighttpd.

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  • Hungry hungry BIOS: why do I have less than 4 GiB of memory?

    - by Rhymoid
    I thought I had 4 GiB of memory, but just to be sure, let's ask the BIOS about that: ?: sudo dmidecode --type 20 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.6 present. Handle 0x000B, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x0007FFFFFFF Range Size: 2 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x000A Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000E Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown Handle 0x000D, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00080000000 Ending Address: 0x000FFFFFFFF Range Size: 2 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x000C Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x000E Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown Alright, 4 GiB it is. But I can't use all of it: ?: cat /proc/meminfo | head -n 1 MemTotal: 3913452 kB Somehow, somewhere, I lost 274 MiB. Where did 6% of my memory go? Now I know the address ranges in DMI are incorrect, because the ACPI memory map reports usable ranges well beyond the ending address of the second memory module: ?: dmesg | grep -E "BIOS-e820: .* usable" [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009e7ff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000dee7bfff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x0000000117ffffff] usable I get pretty much the same info from /proc/iomem (except for the 4 kiB hole 0x000-0xFFF), which also shows that the kernel only accounts for less than 8 MiB. I guess 0x00000000-0x7FFFFFFF is indeed mapped to the first memory module, and 0x80000000-0xDFFFFFFF to part of the second memory module (a bunch of ACPI NVS things live between 0xDEE7C000 and 0xDEF30FFF, and the remaining 16-something MiB of that range are just 'reserved'). I guess the highest 0x18000000 bytes of the second memory module are mapped above the 4 GiB mark. But even then, there are two problems: 128 MiB (0x08000000 bytes, living somewhere between 0xE0000000 and 0xFFFFFFFF) are still completely unaccounted for. To note, my graphics card is on PCI-Express and (allegedly) has 1 GiB dedicated memory, so that shouldn't be the culprit. Did the BIOS screw up in moving the memory, leaving it partially shadowed by MMIO? Even with this mediocre explanation, I only 'found' 128 MiB. But /proc/meminfo is reporting a much larger deficit; where's the other 146 MiB? How does Linux count MemTotal?

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  • running a command line app with sudo and password automatically on start up OS X (Lion)

    - by Designer023
    I need to run an app at startup/login on my mac. I want it to launch in the background and start doing it's work without interrupting me or me having to start it up because I invariably forget and then when I need it, it wasn't running! I have tried using applescript to tell terminal to run it and type my password in, but it ends up opening multiple Terminal windows and not working. Ideally I need a script that I can just add to the user login items and it will run for me. The app has no way of taking a password argument either and it has a password as well as the sudo! I need a solution that can either be done as an applescript (which can be made into an executable) or i need a commandline script but I have no idea about them. This is the manual code I type >sudo serverStatus >password:123456 >password:serverpass Not sure if this is the right stack to ask, but I have no idea now and it's above my head! Thanks :D My applescript: tell application Terminal activate do shell script "sudo serverStatus" delay 5 do shell script "123456" delay 2 do shell script "serverpass" end tell

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  • Cannot connect to a shared network drive

    - by dublintech
    I am using windows 7, I cannot connect to a shared network drive on another machine. I can ping the machine. I can remote desktop connect to the machine. The machine is on the same subnet My friend with the exact same laptop as me (and on the same network, same workgroup) can connect to the shared folder. The machine I am trying to connect to and my friends machine can both see shared folders on my machine. I also cannot see shared folders on the friends laptop. When I select diagnose, windows tells me nothing useful. When I select see details on the error pop up, I see: Error code: 0x80004005 (google doesn't help much) I can nbtstat -a the machine who has the shared folder. When I try with my firewall turned off the same happens. I have ensured my windows 7 has all updates. I run security essentials to ensure my laptop is clean. I run ccleaner to clean up my registry. Same error. I have tried with my laptop on both wireless and ethernet. As you can imagine, I am banging my head against the wall on this one.

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  • setting up vpn server

    - by Lock
    I need help in visualising how to setup our VPN box when we move to our new network with Telstra. We have a safe@office 500P, which has a public IP and a private IP of 192.168.19.2. It is physically connected to our router, which has 4 different interfaces, one being 192.168.19.1. On the VPN box, we have a static route to forward everything to 192.168.19.1 which is the router, and from there it works out where to go. Now, we are moving to a Telstra WAN and things are setup a little differently. Our head office router has only 3 interfaces- 1 is for the link to the switch that has the fibre connection (so our route to the internet and other branches), 1 is for our 10.10.20.x network and one is for the local branch network. I really have no idea how to set this up as with the new setup, we will not have a port for it to plug into on the router. Could I just plug it into the 10.10.20.x network? Would I have to give it a public IP or can we just forward through the ports that it would use? Another suggestion was to VLAN our switch into two networks- one for the 10.10.20.x network and one for the network the VPN currently sits on (192.168.19.x), and setup the router to trunk between the port and the switch. Not sure how to do this. Sorry VPN's are definitely not my strong suit. Any advice appreciated!

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  • Moving an external hard drive while running

    - by user1108939
    I mean physically moving the drive around. I've never dealt with external hard drives before. Just plugged this wd mypassport to test the transfer rate. At one point I 'safely ejected' the drive. A minute later I decide to check the underside of the drive, not realizing the disk is still spinning. I lift the drive, rotating my writs about 70 degrees to the left... I hear a sequence of three high pitched sounds. I couldn't determine whether that was an indication beep by an internal security feature or the head scratching the plate (oh god...). Drive stops and usb power is disconnected. I reconnect it - it shows up fine - reads/writes. The drive was not reading/writing when i moved it. Did I damage my drive? Are these things that fragile? I thought them to be at least as durable as a standard 2.5" internal drive. Am I mistaken?

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  • SSL configuration issue. SSL/IIS7 not loading all scripts/CSS on user's first visit

    - by Chris
    Hi all, Hopefully this isnt a tricky one. I've got a web app that doesn't load all javascript/css/images on the first visit. Second visit is fine. After approximately 2 minutes of inactivity the problem reoccurs. These problems only started occuring after the customer requested SSL be applied to the application. Ajax requests stop working after 2 minutes of activity despite a successful page load of all javascript elements. Application timeout is 30 minutes - like I said, everything was fine before SSL was applied. All javascript and CSS files use absolute URLS - e.g https://blablabla There appears to be no pattern as to why certain files arent loaded. The firebug Net output shows the status for the failed elements as 'Aborted'. For example, site.css and nav.css are in the same folder, are declared after each other in the head tag yet one is loaded and the other is not. Both will load fine after refreshing the page (unless roughly two minutes have passed). An Ajax request also shows as aborted after two minutes. However, if i do the request again the Ajax request will succeed. Almost as if the first request woke something up. None of these problems occur in Chrome Any ideas? FYI this is a .Net 4 C# MVC app running under IIS7 but I'm not sure its relevant since it works in Chrome. Everything worked fine before SSL was applied. Originally posted on stackoverflow but recommended to list here. Can provide additional details if necessary.

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  • CHAT ROOMs 7 by 6

    - by user2939942
    I am looking for chatroom on one page with 7 loggedin users and 6+rows for say 42 users.these users will keep on adding wthnew users.Need urgent help.A PRETTY UNUSUAL Q FOR MOST OF U.What is MORE REQ new features: Usernames are unique to users currently chatting You can see a "currently chatting" user list There are multiple rooms for chatting <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> <title>Simpla Admin</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="resources/css/reset.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="resources/css/style.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="resources/css/invalid.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/scripts/jquery-1.3.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/scripts/simpla.jquery.configuration.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/scripts/facebox.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/scripts/jquery.wysiwyg.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/scripts/jquery.datePicker.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="resources/scripts/jquery.date.js"></script> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript" src="suggest3.js"></script><script language="javascript"> function popitappup4() { var aid=document.a.cid.value; var url="followup.php?id="+aid; alert(url); newwindow=window.open(url,'name','height=480,width=480, scrollbars=yes'); if (window.focus) {newwindow.focus()} return false; } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="highslide-with-html.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="highslide.css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> hs.graphicsDir = 'graphics/'; hs.outlineType = 'rounded-white'; hs.wrapperClassName = 'draggable-header'; </script> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="css/chat.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="css/screen.css" /> </head> <body onload="fnew()"><div id="body-wrapper"> <!-- Wrapper for the radial gradient background --> <div id="sidebar"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="css/chat.css" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="css/screen.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/chat.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function fnew() { document.getElementById("psearch").focus(); } </script> <div id="sidebar-wrapper"> <!-- Sidebar with logo and menu --> <h1 id="sidebar-title"><a href="#"></a></h1> <!-- Logo (221px wide) --> <a href="#"><img id="logo" src="resources/images/logo.png" alt="Simpla Admin logo" /></a> <!-- Sidebar Profile links --> <form name="frm" action="opd_view1.php"> <table width="240" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="210"><div align="right" style="font-size:22px; color:#FFFFFF"><b>OPD Search</b></div></td> <td width="30"><div align="right"></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">&nbsp;</td> <td align="right">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right"><div align="right"> <input type="text" name="psearch" id="psearch" class="text-input" style="width:45mm;" /> </div></td> <td align="right"><div align="right"></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="right"></div></td> <td><div align="right"></div></td> </tr> </table> </form> <div id="profile-links"> <a href="welcome.php" title="Sign Out" style="font-size:16px" ><b> </b></a> <br /> <a href="sample.php" title="Chat">Chat</a> </div></div> <!-- End #sidebar --> <div id="main-content"> <!-- Main Content Section with everything --> <noscript> <!-- Show a notification if the user has disabled javascript --> </noscript> <div style="width:100%; height: 600px; overflow-x: scroll; scrollbar-arrow-color: blue; scrollbar-face-color: #e7e7e7; scrollbar-3dlight-color: #a0a0a0; scrollbar-darkshadow-color: #888888; background-color:#FFFFFF "> <ul class="shortcut-buttons-set"> <!-- Page Head --> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drabhinit')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drabhinit</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drvarun')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drvarun</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('sameer')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>sameer</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drchetan')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drchetan</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('neema')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>neema</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drpriya')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drpriya</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drchhavi')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drchhavi</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drsanjay')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drsanjay</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('ruchi')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>ruchi</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drarchana')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drarchana</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drshraddha')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drshraddha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('sunita')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>sunita</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('reshma')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>reshma</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('riya')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>riya</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drritesh')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drritesh</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('rachana')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>rachana</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('sunita')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>sunita</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('kavye')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>kavye</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('paridhi')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>paridhi</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('paridhi')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>paridhi</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drsonika')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drsonika</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('anny')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>anny</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('nitansh')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>nitansh</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drekta')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drekta</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drritesh')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drritesh</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('neeraj')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>neeraj</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('neeraj')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>neeraj</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drneha')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drneha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('kirti')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>kirti</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drratna')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drratna</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drratana')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drratana</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drnoopur')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drnoopur</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('admin k')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>admin k</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('web')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>web</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drarti')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drarti</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drsaqib')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drsaqib</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('neelesh')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>neelesh</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('pooja')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>pooja</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drneha')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drneha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drnupur')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drnupur</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('isha')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>isha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('isha')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>isha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drnamrata')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drnamrata</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('ashish')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>ashish</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('ambrish')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>ambrish</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drrashmi')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drrashmi</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drsapna')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drsapna</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('manisha')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>manisha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('Isha')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>Isha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drrashmi')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drrashmi</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('Dr Meghna')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>Dr Meghna</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('akanksha')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>akanksha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drashish')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drashish</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drpriya')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drpriya</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drnitya')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drnitya</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drmanoj')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drmanoj</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('sonali')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>sonali</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drkhushbu')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drkhushbu</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drpriyanka')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drpriyanka</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drabhishek')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drabhishek</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drpoonam')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drpoonam</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drprachi')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drprachi</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drpeenal')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drpeenal</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('neerajpune')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>neerajpune</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('paridhipune')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>paridhipune</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('faeem')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>faeem</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('rahul')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>rahul</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('DrNeha')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>DrNeha</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drmrigendra')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drmrigendra</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('neetu')" rel="modal" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>neetu</span></a></li> <li> <a class="shortcut-button" href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="javascript:chatWith('drriteshpawar')" rel="modal" style=" background-color:#00FF00" ><span><img src="resources/images/icons/comment_48.png" alt="icon" width="48" height="48" /> <br/>drriteshpawar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/chat.js"></script> <!-- End .shortcut-buttons-set --> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="clear"></div>

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  • Position:absolute

    - by Andrew
    I have I have a div called logo. I want the logo to be on top of other areas and to overlap into the the preface top of a drupal site, the logo currently sits in the header area. I looked up position absolute and I think that what I need to use but when I use position absolute the logo disappears, I can see it if I use position fixed, relative etc. I thought the logo was being hidden because I was not using a z-index but even with that I cant see the logo. What am I doing wrong? #logo { position: absolute; top: 30px; /* 30 pixels from the top of the page */ left: 80px; /* 80 pixels from the left hand side */ z-index:1099; border: 1px solid red; /* So we can see what is happening */ } Also does anyone know of a really good free online css course? Here is some additional information, namely the CSS and the page.tpl.php: <?php // $Id: page.tpl.php,v 1.1.2.5 2010/04/08 07:02:59 sociotech Exp $ ?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="<?php print $language->language; ?>" xml:lang="<?php print $language->language; ?>"> <head> <title><?php print $head_title; ?></title> <?php print $head; ?> <?php print $styles; ?> <?php print $setting_styles; ?> <!--[if IE 8]> <?php print $ie8_styles; ?> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <?php print $ie7_styles; ?> <![endif]--> <!--[if lte IE 6]> <?php print $ie6_styles; ?> <![endif]--> <?php print $local_styles; ?> <?php print $scripts; ?> </head> <body id="<?php print $body_id; ?>" class="<?php print $body_classes; ?>"> <div id="page" class="page"> <div id="page-inner" class="page-inner"> <div id="skip"> <a href="#main-content-area"><?php print t('Skip to Main Content Area'); ?></a> </div> <!-- header-top row: width = grid_width --> <?php print theme('grid_row', $header_top, 'header-top', 'full-width', $grid_width); ?> <!-- header-group row: width = grid_width --> <div id="header-group-wrapper" class="header-group-wrapper full-width"> <div id="header-group" class="header-group row <?php print $grid_width; ?>"> <div id="header-group-inner" class="header-group-inner inner clearfix"> <?php print theme('grid_block', theme('links', $secondary_links), 'secondary-menu'); ?> <?php print theme('grid_block', $search_box, 'search-box'); ?> <?php if ($logo || $site_name || $site_slogan): ?> <div id="header-site-info" class="header-site-info block"> <div id="header-site-info-inner" class="header-site-info-inner inner"> <?php if ($logo): ?> <div id="logo"> <a href="<?php print check_url($front_page); ?>" title="<?php print t('Home'); ?>"><img src="<?php print $logo; ?>" alt="<?php print t('Home'); ?>" /></a> </div> <?php endif; ?> <?php if ($site_name || $site_slogan): ?> <div id="site-name-wrapper" class="clearfix"> <?php if ($site_name): ?> <span id="site-name"><a href="<?php print check_url($front_page); ?>" title="<?php print t('Home'); ?>"><?php print $site_name; ?></a></span> <?php endif; ?> <?php if ($site_slogan): ?> <span id="slogan"><?php print $site_slogan; ?></span> <?php endif; ?> </div><!-- /site-name-wrapper --> <?php endif; ?> </div><!-- /header-site-info-inner --> </div><!-- /header-site-info --> <?php endif; ?> <?php print $header; ?> <?php print theme('grid_block', $primary_links_tree, 'primary-menu'); ?> </div><!-- /header-group-inner --> </div><!-- /header-group --> </div><!-- /header-group-wrapper --> <!-- preface-top row: width = grid_width --> <?php print theme('grid_row', $preface_top, 'preface-top', 'full-width', $grid_width); ?> <!-- main row: width = grid_width --> <div id="main-wrapper" class="main-wrapper full-width<?php if ($is_front) { print ' front'; } ?>"> <div id="main" class="main row <?php print $grid_width; ?>"> <div id="main-inner" class="main-inner inner clearfix"> <?php print theme('grid_row', $sidebar_first, 'sidebar-first', 'nested', $sidebar_first_width); ?> <!-- main group: width = grid_width - sidebar_first_width --> <div id="main-group" class="main-group row nested <?php print $main_group_width; ?>"> <div id="main-group-inner" class="main-group-inner inner"> <?php print theme('grid_row', $preface_bottom, 'preface-bottom', 'nested'); ?> <div id="main-content" class="main-content row nested"> <div id="main-content-inner" class="main-content-inner inner"> <!-- content group: width = grid_width - (sidebar_first_width + sidebar_last_width) --> <div id="content-group" class="content-group row nested <?php print $content_group_width; ?>"> <div id="content-group-inner" class="content-group-inner inner"> <?php print theme('grid_block', $breadcrumb, 'breadcrumbs'); ?> <?php if ($content_top || $help || $messages): ?> <div id="content-top" class="content-top row nested"> <div id="content-top-inner" class="content-top-inner inner"> <?php print theme('grid_block', $help, 'content-help'); ?> <?php print theme('grid_block', $messages, 'content-messages'); ?> <?php print $content_top; ?> </div><!-- /content-top-inner --> </div><!-- /content-top --> <?php endif; ?> <div id="content-region" class="content-region row nested"> <div id="content-region-inner" class="content-region-inner inner"> <a name="main-content-area" id="main-content-area"></a> <?php print theme('grid_block', $tabs, 'content-tabs'); ?> <div id="content-inner" class="content-inner block"> <div id="content-inner-inner" class="content-inner-inner inner"> <?php if ($title): ?> <h1 class="title"><?php print $title; ?></h1> <?php endif; ?> <?php if ($content): ?> <div id="content-content" class="content-content"> <?php print $content; ?> <?php print $feed_icons; ?> </div><!-- /content-content --> <?php endif; ?> </div><!-- /content-inner-inner --> </div><!-- /content-inner --> </div><!-- /content-region-inner --> </div><!-- /content-region --> <?php print theme('grid_row', $content_bottom, 'content-bottom', 'nested'); ?> </div><!-- /content-group-inner --> </div><!-- /content-group --> <?php print theme('grid_row', $sidebar_last, 'sidebar-last', 'nested', $sidebar_last_width); ?> </div><!-- /main-content-inner --> </div><!-- /main-content --> <?php print theme('grid_row', $postscript_top, 'postscript-top', 'nested'); ?> </div><!-- /main-group-inner --> </div><!-- /main-group --> </div><!-- /main-inner --> </div><!-- /main --> </div><!-- /main-wrapper --> <!-- postscript-bottom row: width = grid_width --> <?php print theme('grid_row', $postscript_bottom, 'postscript-bottom', 'full-width', $grid_width); ?> <!-- footer row: width = grid_width --> <?php print theme('grid_row', $footer, 'footer', 'full-width', $grid_width); ?> <!-- footer-message row: width = grid_width --> <div id="footer-message-wrapper" class="footer-message-wrapper full-width"> <div id="footer-message" class="footer-message row <?php print $grid_width; ?>"> <div id="footer-message-inner" class="footer-message-inner inner clearfix"> <?php print theme('grid_block', $footer_message, 'footer-message-text'); ?> </div><!-- /footer-message-inner --> </div><!-- /footer-message --> </div><!-- /footer-message-wrapper --> </div><!-- /page-inner --> </div><!-- /page --> <?php print $closure; ?> </body> </html> CSS /* $Id: style.css,v 1.1.2.11 2010/07/02 22:11:04 sociotech Exp $ */ /* Margin, Padding, Border Resets -------------------------------------------------------------- */ html, body, div, span, p, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, form, fieldset, input, textarea { margin: 0; padding: 0; } img, abbr, acronym { border: 0; } /* HTML Elements -------------------------------------------------------------- */ p { margin: 1em 0; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { margin: 0 0 0.5em 0; } h1 { color: white !important; text-shadow: black !important; } ul, ol, dd { margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 2em; /* LTR */ } li ul, li ol { margin-bottom: 0; } ul { list-style-type: disc; } ol { list-style-type: decimal; } a { margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: none; } a:link, a:visited { } a:hover, a:focus, a:active { text-decoration: underline; } blockquote { } hr { height: 1px; border: 1px solid gray; } /* tables */ table { border-spacing: 0; width: 100%; } tr.even td, tr.odd td { background-color: #FFFFFF; border: 1px solid #dbdbdb; } caption { text-align: left; } th { margin: 0; padding: 0 10px 0 0; } th.active img { display: inline; } thead th { padding-right: 10px; } td { margin: 0; padding: 3px; } /* Remove grid block styles from Drupal's table ".block" class */ td.block { border: none; float: none; margin: 0; } /* Maintain light background/dark text on dragged table rows */ tr.drag td, tr.drag-previous td { background: #FFFFDD; color: #000; } /* Accessibility /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* skip-link to main content, hide offscreen */ #skip a, #skip a:hover, #skip a:visited { height: 1px; left: 0px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; top: -500px; width: 1px; } /* make skip link visible when selected */ #skip a:active, #skip a:focus { background-color: #fff; color: #000; height: auto; padding: 5px 10px; position: absolute; top: 0; width: auto; z-index: 99; } #skip a:hover { text-decoration: none; } /* Helper Classes /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ .hide { display: none; visibility: hidden; } .left { float: left; } .right { float: right; } .clear { clear: both; } /* clear floats after an element */ /* (also in ie6-fixes.css, ie7-fixes.css) */ .clearfix:after, .clearfix .inner:after { clear: both; content: "."; display: block; font-size: 0; height: 0; line-height: 0; overflow: auto; visibility: hidden; } /* Grid Layout Basics (specifics in 'gridnn_x.css') -------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* center page and full rows: override this for left-aligned page */ .page, .row { margin: 0 auto; } /* fix layout/background display on floated elements */ .row, .nested, .block { overflow: hidden; } /* full-width row wrapper */ div.full-width { width: 100%; } /* float, un-center & expand nested rows */ .nested { float: left; /* LTR */ margin: 0; width: 100%; } /* allow Superfish menus to overflow */ #sidebar-first.nested, #sidebar-last.nested, div.superfish { overflow: visible; } /* sidebar layouts */ .sidebars-both-first .content-group { float: right; /* LTR */ } .sidebars-both-last .sidebar-first { float: right; /* LTR */ } /* Grid Mask Overlay -------------------------------------------------------------- */ #grid-mask-overlay { display: none; left: 0; opacity: 0.75; position: absolute; top: 0; width: 100%; z-index: 997; } #grid-mask-overlay .row { margin: 0 auto; } #grid-mask-overlay .block .inner { background-color: #e3fffc; outline: none; } .grid-mask #grid-mask-overlay { display: block; } .grid-mask .block { overflow: visible; } .grid-mask .block .inner { outline: #f00 dashed 1px; } #grid-mask-toggle { background-color: #777; border: 2px outset #fff; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; font-variant: small-caps; font-weight: normal; left: 0; -moz-border-radius: 5px; padding: 0 5px 2px 5px; position: absolute; text-align: center; top: 22px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; z-index: 998; } #grid-mask-toggle.grid-on { border-style: inset; font-weight: bold; } /* Site Info -------------------------------------------------------------- */ #header-site-info { width: auto; } #site-name-wrapper { float: left; /* LTR */ } #site-name, #slogan { display: block; } #site-name a:link, #site-name a:visited, #site-name a:hover, #site-name a:active { text-decoration: none; } #site-name a { outline: 0; } /* Regions -------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* Header Regions -------------------------------------------------------------- */ #header-group { overflow: visible; } /* Content Regions (Main) -------------------------------------------------------------- */ .node-bottom { margin: 1.5em 0 0 0; } /* Clear floats on regions -------------------------------------------------------------- */ #header-top-wrapper, #header-group-wrapper, #preface-top-wrapper, #main-wrapper, #preface-bottom, #content-top, #content-region, #content-bottom, #postscript-top, #postscript-bottom-wrapper, #footer-wrapper, #footer-message-wrapper { clear: both; } /* Drupal Core /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* Lists /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ .item-list ul li { margin: 0; } .block ul, .block ol { margin-left: 2em; /* LTR */ padding: 0; } .content-inner ul, .content-inner ol { margin-bottom: 1.5em; } .content-inner li ul, .content-inner li ol { margin-bottom: 0; } .block ul.links { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } /* Menus /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ ul.menu li, ul.links li { margin: 0; padding: 0; } /* Primary Menu /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* use ID to override overflow: hidden for .block, dropdowns should always be visible */ #primary-menu { overflow: visible; } /* remove left margin from primary menu list */ #primary-menu.block ul { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } /* remove bullets, float left */ .primary-menu ul li { float: left; /* LTR */ list-style: none; position: relative; } /* style links, and unlinked parent items (via Special Menu Items module) */ .primary-menu ul li a, .primary-menu ul li .nolink { display: block; padding: 0.75em 1em; text-decoration: none; } /* Add cursor style for unlinked parent menu items */ .primary-menu ul li .nolink { cursor: default; } /* remove outline */ .primary-menu ul li:hover, .primary-menu ul li.sfHover, .primary-menu ul a:focus, .primary-menu ul a:hover, .primary-menu ul a:active { outline: 0; } /* Secondary Menu /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ .secondary-menu-inner ul.links { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } /* Skinr styles /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* Skinr selectable helper classes */ .fusion-clear { clear: both; } div.fusion-right { float: right; /* LTR */ } div.fusion-center { float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .fusion-center-content .inner { text-align: center; } .fusion-center-content .inner ul.menu { display: inline-block; text-align: center; } /* required to override drupal core */ .fusion-center-content #user-login-form { text-align: center; } .fusion-right-content .inner { text-align: right; /* LTR */ } /* required to override drupal core */ .fusion-right-content #user-login-form { text-align: right; /* LTR */ } /* Large, bold callout text style */ .fusion-callout .inner { font-weight: bold; } /* Extra padding on block */ .fusion-padding .inner { padding: 30px; } /* Adds 1px border and padding */ .fusion-border .inner { border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; padding: 10px; } /* Single line menu with separators */ .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul.menu { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul.menu li { border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; display: inline; margin: 0; padding: 0; white-space: nowrap; } .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul.menu li a { padding: 0 8px 0 5px; /* LTR */ } .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul li.last { border: none; } /* Hide second level (and beyond) menu items */ .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul li.expanded ul { display: none; } /* Multi-column menu style with bolded top level menu items */ .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ text-align: left; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li { border-right: none; display: block; font-weight: bold; } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.last { border-right: none; } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.last a { padding-right: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.expanded, .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.leaf { float: left; /* LTR */ list-style-image: none; margin-left: 50px; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul.menu li.first { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.expanded li.leaf { float: none; margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.expanded ul { display: block; margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.expanded ul li { border: none; margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ text-align: left; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul.menu li ul.menu li { font-weight: normal; } /* Split list across multiple columns */ .fusion-2-col-list .inner .item-list ul li, .fusion-2-col-list .inner ul.menu li { float: left; /* LTR */ width: 50%; } .fusion-3-col-list .inner .item-list ul li, .fusion-3-col-list .inner ul.menu li { float: left; /* LTR */ width: 33%; } .fusion-2-col-list .inner .item-list ul.pager li, .fusion-3-col-list .inner .item-list ul.pager li { float: none; width: auto; } /* List with bottom border Fixes a common issue when list items have bottom borders and appear to be doubled when nested lists end and begin. This removes the extra border-bottom */ .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul li { list-style: none; list-style-type: none; list-style-image: none; } .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul li, .fusion-list-bottom-border .view-content div.views-row { padding: 0 0 0 10px; /* LTR */ border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; line-height: 216.7%; /* 26px */ } .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul { margin: 0; } .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul li ul { border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; } .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul li ul li.last { border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; margin-bottom: -1px; margin-top: -1px; } #views_slideshow_singleframe_pager_slideshow-page_2 .pager-item { display:block; } #views_slideshow_singleframe_pager_slideshow-page_2 { position:absolute; right:0; top:0; } #header-group-wrapper { background: none; } #page { background-color:#F3F3F3; background-image:url('/sites/all/themes/fusion/fusion_core/images/runswithgradient.jpg'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; width: auto; } #views_slideshow_singleframe_pager_slideshow-page_2 div a img { top:0px; height:60px; width:80px; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:19px; } #mycontent{ width: 720px; } .product-body { -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px; margin: 0 0 20px; overflow: hidden; padding: 20px; background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #F7F7F7; border: 1px solid #000000; border-style:solid; border-width:thin; color:#000000; } #product-details { background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #F7F7F7 !important; border: 1px solid #000000 !important; color: #8E8E8E; } #logo { position: relative; top: 30px; /* 30 pixels from the top of the page */ left: 80px; /* 80 pixels from the left hand side */ z-index:1099; border: 1px solid red; /* So we can see what is happening */ } #breadcrumbs-inner { background: none; border-color: transparent; border-style: none; } #block-views-new_products-block_1{ height:200px; } /* List with no bullet and extra padding This is a common style for menus, which removes the bullet and adds more vertical padding for a simple list style */ .fusion-list-vertical-spacing .inner ul, .fusion-list-vertical-spacing div.views-row-first { margin-left: 0; margin-top: 10px; } .fusion-list-vertical-spacing .inner ul li, .fusion-list-vertical-spacing div.views-row { line-height: 133.3%; /* 16px/12px */ margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0; } .fusion-list-vertical-spacing .inner ul li { list-style: none; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; } .fusion-list-vertical-spacing .inner ul li ul { margin-left: 10px; /* LTR */ } /* Bold all links */ .fusion-bold-links .inner a { font-weight: bold; } /* Float imagefield images left and add margin */ .fusion-float-imagefield-left .field-type-filefield, .fusion-float-imagefield-left .image-insert, .fusion-float-imagefield-left .imagecache { float: left; /* LTR */ margin: 0 15px 15px 0; /* LTR */ } /* Clear float on new Views item so each row drops to a new line */ .fusion-float-imagefield-left .views-row { clear: left; /* LTR */ } /* Float imagefield images right and add margin */ .fusion-float-imagefield-right .field-type-filefield, .fusion-float-imagefield-right .image-insert .fusion-float-imagefield-right .imagecache { float: right; /* LTR */ margin: 0 0 15px 15px; /* LTR */ } /* Clear float on new Views item so each row drops to a new line */ .fusion-float-imagefield-right .views-row { clear: right; /* LTR */ } /* Superfish: all menus */ .sf-menu li { list-style: none; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; } /* Superfish: vertical menus */ .superfish-vertical { position: relative; z-index: 9; } ul.sf-vertical { background: #fafafa; margin: 0; width: 100%; } ul.sf-vertical li { border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; font-weight: bold; line-height: 200%; /* 24px */ padding: 0; width: 100%; } ul.sf-vertical li a:link, ul.sf-vertical li a:visited, ul.sf-vertical li .nolink { margin-left: 10px; padding: 2px; } ul.sf-vertical li a:hover, ul.sf-vertical li a.active { text-decoration: underline; } ul.sf-vertical li ul { background: #fafafa; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; margin-left: 0; width: 150px; } ul.sf-vertical li ul li.last { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; margin-bottom: -1px; margin-top: -1px; } ul.sf-vertical li ul { border-top: none; padding: 4px 0; } ul.sf-vertical li ul li { border-bottom: none; line-height: 150%; /* 24px */ More below but I can't paste that much Thanks for the suggestion I've tried this #header-group { position: relative; z-index: 9; } #logo { position: abosolute; top: 230px; /* 30 pixels from the top of the page */ left: 10px; /* 80 pixels from the left hand side */ z-index: 999; } but it's not working. I've taken a screen shot of the div to show the structure. http://i.stack.imgur.com/ff4DP.png

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  • Using the West Wind Web Toolkit to set up AJAX and REST Services

    - by Rick Strahl
    I frequently get questions about which option to use for creating AJAX and REST backends for ASP.NET applications. There are many solutions out there to do this actually, but when I have a choice - not surprisingly - I fall back to my own tools in the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. I've talked a bunch about the 'in-the-box' solutions in the past so for a change in this post I'll talk about the tools that I use in my own and customer applications to handle AJAX and REST based access to service resources using the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit. Let me preface this by saying that I like things to be easy. Yes flexible is very important as well but not at the expense of over-complexity. The goal I've had with my tools is make it drop dead easy, with good performance while providing the core features that I'm after, which are: Easy AJAX/JSON Callbacks Ability to return any kind of non JSON content (string, stream, byte[], images) Ability to work with both XML and JSON interchangeably for input/output Access endpoints via POST data, RPC JSON calls, GET QueryString values or Routing interface Easy to use generic JavaScript client to make RPC calls (same syntax, just what you need) Ability to create clean URLS with Routing Ability to use standard ASP.NET HTTP Stack for HTTP semantics It's all about options! In this post I'll demonstrate most of these features (except XML) in a few simple and short samples which you can download. So let's take a look and see how you can build an AJAX callback solution with the West Wind Web Toolkit. Installing the Toolkit Assemblies The easiest and leanest way of using the Toolkit in your Web project is to grab it via NuGet: West Wind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) and drop it into the project by right clicking in your Project and choosing Manage NuGet Packages from anywhere in the Project.   When done you end up with your project looking like this: What just happened? Nuget added two assemblies - Westwind.Web and Westwind.Utilities and the client ww.jquery.js library. It also added a couple of references into web.config: The default namespaces so they can be accessed in pages/views and a ScriptCompressionModule that the toolkit optionally uses to compress script resources served from within the assembly (namely ww.jquery.js and optionally jquery.js). Creating a new Service The West Wind Web Toolkit supports several ways of creating and accessing AJAX services, but for this post I'll stick to the lower level approach that works from any plain HTML page or of course MVC, WebForms, WebPages. There's also a WebForms specific control that makes this even easier but I'll leave that for another post. So, to create a new standalone AJAX/REST service we can create a new HttpHandler in the new project either as a pure class based handler or as a generic .ASHX handler. Both work equally well, but generic handlers don't require any web.config configuration so I'll use that here. In the root of the project add a Generic Handler. I'm going to call this one StockService.ashx. Once the handler has been created, edit the code and remove all of the handler body code. Then change the base class to CallbackHandler and add methods that have a [CallbackMethod] attribute. Here's the modified base handler implementation now looks like with an added HelloWorld method: using System; using Westwind.Web; namespace WestWindWebAjax { /// <summary> /// Handler implements CallbackHandler to provide REST/AJAX services /// </summary> public class SampleService : CallbackHandler { [CallbackMethod] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } } } Notice that the class inherits from CallbackHandler and that the HelloWorld service method is marked up with [CallbackMethod]. We're done here. Services Urlbased Syntax Once you compile, the 'service' is live can respond to requests. All CallbackHandlers support input in GET and POST formats, and can return results as JSON or XML. To check our fancy HelloWorld method we can now access the service like this: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/StockService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick which produces a default JSON response - in this case a string (wrapped in quotes as it's JSON): (note by default JSON will be downloaded by most browsers not displayed - various options are available to view JSON right in the browser) If I want to return the same data as XML I can tack on a &format=xml at the end of the querystring which produces: <string>Hello Rick. Time is: 11/1/2011 12:11:13 PM</string> Cleaner URLs with Routing Syntax If you want cleaner URLs for each operation you can also configure custom routes on a per URL basis similar to the way that WCF REST does. To do this you need to add a new RouteHandler to your application's startup code in global.asax.cs one for each CallbackHandler based service you create: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { CallbackHandlerRouteHandler.RegisterRoutes<StockService>(RouteTable.Routes); } With this code in place you can now add RouteUrl properties to any of your service methods. For the HelloWorld method that doesn't make a ton of sense but here is what a routed clean URL might look like in definition: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/HelloWorld/{name}")] public string HelloWorld(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } The same URL I previously used now becomes a bit shorter and more readable with: http://localhost/WestWindWebAjax/HelloWorld/Rick It's an easy way to create cleaner URLs and still get the same functionality. Calling the Service with $.getJSON() Since the result produced is JSON you can now easily consume this data using jQuery's getJSON method. First we need a couple of scripts - jquery.js and ww.jquery.js in the page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="Css/Westwind.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="scripts/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="scripts/ww.jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> Next let's add a small HelloWorld example form (what else) that has a single textbox to type a name, a button and a div tag to receive the result: <fieldset> <legend>Hello World</legend> Please enter a name: <input type="text" name="txtHello" id="txtHello" value="" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHello" value="Say Hello (POST)" /> <input type="button" id="btnSayHelloGet" value="Say Hello (GET)" /> <div id="divHelloMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none;width: 450px;" > </div> </fieldset> Then to call the HelloWorld method a little jQuery is used to hook the document startup and the button click followed by the $.getJSON call to retrieve the data from the server. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $("#btnSayHelloGet").click(function () { $.getJSON("SampleService.ashx", { Method: "HelloWorld", name: $("#txtHello").val() }, function (result) { $("#divHelloMessage") .text(result) .fadeIn(1000); }); });</script> .getJSON() expects a full URL to the endpoint of our service, which is the ASHX file. We can either provide a full URL (SampleService.ashx?Method=HelloWorld&name=Rick) or we can just provide the base URL and an object that encodes the query string parameters for us using an object map that has a property that matches each parameter for the server method. We can also use the clean URL routing syntax, but using the object parameter encoding actually is safer as the parameters will get properly encoded by jQuery. The result returned is whatever the result on the server method is - in this case a string. The string is applied to the divHelloMessage element and we're done. Obviously this is a trivial example, but it demonstrates the basics of getting a JSON response back to the browser. AJAX Post Syntax - using ajaxCallMethod() The previous example allows you basic control over the data that you send to the server via querystring parameters. This works OK for simple values like short strings, numbers and boolean values, but doesn't really work if you need to pass something more complex like an object or an array back up to the server. To handle traditional RPC type messaging where the idea is to map server side functions and results to a client side invokation, POST operations can be used. The easiest way to use this functionality is to use ww.jquery.js and the ajaxCallMethod() function. ww.jquery wraps jQuery's AJAX functions and knows implicitly how to call a CallbackServer method with parameters and parse the result. Let's look at another simple example that posts a simple value but returns something more interesting. Let's start with the service method: [CallbackMethod(RouteUrl="stocks/{symbol}")] public StockQuote GetStockQuote(string symbol) { Response.Cache.SetExpires(DateTime.UtcNow.Add(new TimeSpan(0, 2, 0))); StockServer server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); return quote; } This sample utilizes a small StockServer helper class (included in the sample) that downloads a stock quote from Yahoo's financial site via plain HTTP GET requests and formats it into a StockQuote object. Lets create a small HTML block that lets us query for the quote and display it: <fieldset> <legend>Single Stock Quote</legend> Please enter a stock symbol: <input type="text" name="txtSymbol" id="txtSymbol" value="msft" /> <input type="button" id="btnStockQuote" value="Get Quote" /> <div id="divStockDisplay" class="errordisplay" style="display:none; width: 450px;"> <div class="label-left">Company:</div> <div id="stockCompany"></div> <div class="label-left">Last Price:</div> <div id="stockLastPrice"></div> <div class="label-left">Quote Time:</div> <div id="stockQuoteTime"></div> </div> </fieldset> The final result looks something like this:   Let's hook up the button handler to fire the request and fill in the data as shown: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").show().fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, HH:mm EST")); }, onPageError); }); So we point at SampleService.ashx and the GetStockQuote method, passing a single parameter of the input symbol value. Then there are two handlers for success and failure callbacks.  The success handler is the interesting part - it receives the stock quote as a result and assigns its values to various 'holes' in the stock display elements. The data that comes back over the wire is JSON and it looks like this: { "Symbol":"MSFT", "Company":"Microsoft Corpora", "OpenPrice":26.11, "LastPrice":26.01, "NetChange":0.02, "LastQuoteTime":"2011-11-03T02:00:00Z", "LastQuoteTimeString":"Nov. 11, 2011 4:20pm" } which is an object representation of the data. JavaScript can evaluate this JSON string back into an object easily and that's the reslut that gets passed to the success function. The quote data is then applied to existing page content by manually selecting items and applying them. There are other ways to do this more elegantly like using templates, but here we're only interested in seeing how the data is returned. The data in the object is typed - LastPrice is a number and QuoteTime is a date. Note about the date value: JavaScript doesn't have a date literal although the JSON embedded ISO string format used above  ("2011-11-03T02:00:00Z") is becoming fairly standard for JSON serializers. However, JSON parsers don't deserialize dates by default and return them by string. This is why the StockQuote actually returns a string value of LastQuoteTimeString for the same date. ajaxMethodCallback always converts dates properly into 'real' dates and the example above uses the real date value along with a .formatDate() data extension (also in ww.jquery.js) to display the raw date properly. Errors and Exceptions So what happens if your code fails? For example if I pass an invalid stock symbol to the GetStockQuote() method you notice that the code does this: if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid Symbol passed."); CallbackHandler automatically pushes the exception message back to the client so it's easy to pick up the error message. Regardless of what kind of error occurs: Server side, client side, protocol errors - any error will fire the failure handler with an error object parameter. The error is returned to the client via a JSON response in the error callback. In the previous examples I called onPageError which is a generic routine in ww.jquery that displays a status message on the bottom of the screen. But of course you can also take over the error handling yourself: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [$("#txtSymbol").val()], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); }, function (error, xhr) { $("#divErrorDisplay").text(error.message).fadeIn(1000); }); }); The error object has a isCallbackError, message and  stackTrace properties, the latter of which is only populated when running in Debug mode, and this object is returned for all errors: Client side, transport and server side errors. Regardless of which type of error you get the same object passed (as well as the XHR instance optionally) which makes for a consistent error retrieval mechanism. Specifying HttpVerbs You can also specify HTTP Verbs that are allowed using the AllowedHttpVerbs option on the CallbackMethod attribute: [CallbackMethod(AllowedHttpVerbs=HttpVerbs.GET | HttpVerbs.POST)] public string HelloWorld(string name) { … } If you're building REST style API's this might be useful to force certain request semantics onto the client calling. For the above if call with a non-allowed HttpVerb the request returns a 405 error response along with a JSON (or XML) error object result. The default behavior is to allow all verbs access (HttpVerbs.All). Passing in object Parameters Up to now the parameters I passed were very simple. But what if you need to send something more complex like an object or an array? Let's look at another example now that passes an object from the client to the server. Keeping with the Stock theme here lets add a method called BuyOrder that lets us buy some shares for a stock. Consider the following service method that receives an StockBuyOrder object as a parameter: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStock(StockBuyOrder buyOrder) { var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } public class StockBuyOrder { public string Symbol { get; set; } public int Quantity { get; set; } public DateTime BuyOn { get; set; } public StockBuyOrder() { BuyOn = DateTime.Now; } } This is a contrived do-nothing example that simply echoes back what was passed in, but it demonstrates how you can pass complex data to a callback method. On the client side we now have a very simple form that captures the three values on a form: <fieldset> <legend>Post a Stock Buy Order</legend> Enter a symbol: <input type="text" name="txtBuySymbol" id="txtBuySymbol" value="GLD" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Qty: <input type="text" name="txtBuyQty" id="txtBuyQty" value="10" style="width: 50px" />&nbsp;&nbsp; Buy on: <input type="text" name="txtBuyOn" id="txtBuyOn" value="<%= DateTime.Now.ToString("d") %>" style="width: 70px;" /> <input type="button" id="btnBuyStock" value="Buy Stock" /> <div id="divStockBuyMessage" class="errordisplay" style="display:none"></div> </fieldset> The completed form and demo then looks something like this:   The client side code that picks up the input values and assigns them to object properties and sends the AJAX request looks like this: $("#btnBuyStock").click(function () { // create an object map that matches StockBuyOrder signature var buyOrder = { Symbol: $("#txtBuySymbol").val(), Quantity: $("#txtBuyQty").val() * 1, // number Entered: new Date() } ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStock", [buyOrder], function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError); }); The code creates an object and attaches the properties that match the server side object passed to the BuyStock method. Each property that you want to update needs to be included and the type must match (ie. string, number, date in this case). Any missing properties will not be set but also not cause any errors. Pass POST data instead of Objects In the last example I collected a bunch of values from form variables and stuffed them into object variables in JavaScript code. While that works, often times this isn't really helping - I end up converting my types on the client and then doing another conversion on the server. If lots of input controls are on a page and you just want to pick up the values on the server via plain POST variables - that can be done too - and it makes sense especially if you're creating and filling the client side object only to push data to the server. Let's add another method to the server that once again lets us buy a stock. But this time let's not accept a parameter but rather send POST data to the server. Here's the server method receiving POST data: [CallbackMethod] public string BuyStockPost() { StockBuyOrder buyOrder = new StockBuyOrder(); buyOrder.Symbol = Request.Form["txtBuySymbol"]; ; int qty; int.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyQuantity"], out qty); buyOrder.Quantity = qty; DateTime time; DateTime.TryParse(Request.Form["txtBuyBuyOn"], out time); buyOrder.BuyOn = time; // Or easier way yet //FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); var server = new StockServer(); var quote = server.GetStockQuote(buyOrder.Symbol); if (quote == null) throw new ApplicationException("Invalid or missing stock symbol."); return string.Format("You're buying {0} shares of {1} ({2}) stock at {3} for a total of {4} on {5}.", buyOrder.Quantity, quote.Company, quote.Symbol, quote.LastPrice.ToString("c"), (quote.LastPrice * buyOrder.Quantity).ToString("c"), buyOrder.BuyOn.ToString("MMM d")); } Clearly we've made this server method take more code than it did with the object parameter. We've basically moved the parameter assignment logic from the client to the server. As a result the client code to call this method is now a bit shorter since there's no client side shuffling of values from the controls to an object. $("#btnBuyStockPost").click(function () { ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "BuyStockPost", [], // Note: No parameters - function (result) { $("#divStockBuyMessage").text(result).fadeIn(1000); }, onPageError, // Force all page Form Variables to be posted { postbackMode: "Post" }); }); The client simply calls the BuyStockQuote method and pushes all the form variables from the page up to the server which parses them instead. The feature that makes this work is one of the options you can pass to the ajaxCallMethod() function: { postbackMode: "Post" }); which directs the function to include form variable POST data when making the service call. Other options include PostNoViewState (for WebForms to strip out WebForms crap vars), PostParametersOnly (default), None. If you pass parameters those are always posted to the server except when None is set. The above code can be simplified a bit by using the FormVariableBinder helper, which can unbind form variables directly into an object: FormVariableBinder.Unbind(buyOrder,null,"txtBuy"); which replaces the manual Request.Form[] reading code. It receives the object to unbind into, a string of properties to skip, and an optional prefix which is stripped off form variables to match property names. The component is similar to the MVC model binder but it's independent of MVC. Returning non-JSON Data CallbackHandler also supports returning non-JSON/XML data via special return types. You can return raw non-JSON encoded strings like this: [CallbackMethod(ReturnAsRawString=true,ContentType="text/plain")] public string HelloWorldNoJSON(string name) { return "Hello " + name + ". Time is: " + DateTime.Now.ToString(); } Calling this method results in just a plain string - no JSON encoding with quotes around the result. This can be useful if your server handling code needs to return a string or HTML result that doesn't fit well for a page or other UI component. Any string output can be returned. You can also return binary data. Stream, byte[] and Bitmap/Image results are automatically streamed back to the client. Notice that you should set the ContentType of the request either on the CallbackMethod attribute or using Response.ContentType. This ensures the Web Server knows how to display your binary response. Using a stream response makes it possible to return any of data. Streamed data can be pretty handy to return bitmap data from a method. The following is a method that returns a stock history graph for a particular stock over a provided number of years: [CallbackMethod(ContentType="image/png",RouteUrl="stocks/history/graph/{symbol}/{years}")] public Stream GetStockHistoryGraph(string symbol, int years = 2,int width = 500, int height=350) { if (width == 0) width = 500; if (height == 0) height = 350; StockServer server = new StockServer(); return server.GetStockHistoryGraph(symbol,"Stock History for " + symbol,width,height,years); } I can now hook this up into the JavaScript code when I get a stock quote. At the end of the process I can assign the URL to the service that returns the image into the src property and so force the image to display. Here's the changed code: $("#btnStockQuote").click(function () { var symbol = $("#txtSymbol").val(); ajaxCallMethod("SampleService.ashx", "GetStockQuote", [symbol], function (quote) { $("#divStockDisplay").fadeIn(1000); $("#stockCompany").text(quote.Company + " (" + quote.Symbol + ")"); $("#stockLastPrice").text(quote.LastPrice); $("#stockQuoteTime").text(quote.LastQuoteTime.formatDate("MMM dd, hh:mmt")); // display a stock chart $("#imgStockHistory").attr("src", "stocks/history/graph/" + symbol + "/2"); },onPageError); }); The resulting output then looks like this: The charting code uses the new ASP.NET 4.0 Chart components via code to display a bar chart of the 2 year stock data as part of the StockServer class which you can find in the sample download. The ability to return arbitrary data from a service is useful as you can see - in this case the chart is clearly associated with the service and it's nice that the graph generation can happen off a handler rather than through a page. Images are common resources, but output can also be PDF reports, zip files for downloads etc. which is becoming increasingly more common to be returned from REST endpoints and other applications. Why reinvent? Obviously the examples I've shown here are pretty basic in terms of functionality. But I hope they demonstrate the core features of AJAX callbacks that you need to work through in most applications which is simple: return data, send back data and potentially retrieve data in various formats. While there are other solutions when it comes down to making AJAX callbacks and servicing REST like requests, I like the flexibility my home grown solution provides. Simply put it's still the easiest solution that I've found that addresses my common use cases: AJAX JSON RPC style callbacks Url based access XML and JSON Output from single method endpoint XML and JSON POST support, querystring input, routing parameter mapping UrlEncoded POST data support on callbacks Ability to return stream/raw string data Essentially ability to return ANYTHING from Service and pass anything All these features are available in various solutions but not together in one place. I've been using this code base for over 4 years now in a number of projects both for myself and commercial work and it's served me extremely well. Besides the AJAX functionality CallbackHandler provides, it's also an easy way to create any kind of output endpoint I need to create. Need to create a few simple routines that spit back some data, but don't want to create a Page or View or full blown handler for it? Create a CallbackHandler and add a method or multiple methods and you have your generic endpoints.  It's a quick and easy way to add small code pieces that are pretty efficient as they're running through a pretty small handler implementation. I can have this up and running in a couple of minutes literally without any setup and returning just about any kind of data. Resources Download the Sample NuGet: Westwind Web and AJAX Utilities (Westwind.Web) ajaxCallMethod() Documentation Using the AjaxMethodCallback WebForms Control West Wind Web Toolkit Home Page West Wind Web Toolkit Source Code © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in ASP.NET  jQuery  AJAX   Tweet (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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