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• What applications is NTFS preferable for? [closed]

  - by javano

  When building a new server I prefer to deploy Linux as my OS of choice. This gives me the luxury of being able to choose from various file systems (amongst other aspects), and I will choose a different FS for different servers, depending on what they will be used for. With Windows OS variants you can only use NTFS. Have any benchmarks or tests been performed that have shown NTFS to be a preferable choice for a given scenario or application (apart from just "running Windows" because it has to be on NTFS). To clarify what I mean; I might use filesystem X for large transactional storage volumes, but filesystem Y for front end web app servers. If I had a multi-platform application to deploy that (let's pretend) was available on Mac/Win/Lin, is there any type of application or scenario that would benefit from being on NTFS?

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• Running a VM off of an external HD via USB

  - by Nelson LaQuet

  Is it viable to run (i.e. reference the vmx/vhd directly from the mounted drive) a VM (vmware running Windows Seven) off of an external HD via USB? I mean, I know it's possible, but I guess I'm asking if USB provides enough bandwidth for normal usage... If so, are there any particular brands that may be better or worse? I know that ESATA would be a more viable setup, but my laptop doesn't have an ESATA port. Currently I use the VM to segregate all of my work development servers and software from my main machine; so I will be running all development servers and tools on the VM directly.

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• Laptops on Windows Domain sometimes have problems accessing internet when off-site

  - by FSUScoot

  Hi all-- We've had this problem for a long time. When users travel, sometimes they can't get internet access from a wired or wireless connection. Here are a couple examples: 1) A user goes to a hotel and tries to access the wireless in their room. They can connect to the access point. They open a web browser and they can't get re-directed to the hotel's login page. Because they can't log in, there's no internet access. 2) A user goes to another laboratory/university and tries to access the wired network. They connect, link is fine, PC gets IP from DHCP but no internet access. There's no login page to be re-directed to. It should just "work". What I've found is that it's a DNS issue. Because the computer is on a Windows Domain, it seems it MUST use our DNS servers. Even if you connect to an outside network and do an ipconfig /all, it looks like everything is ok. It'll even show their DNS servers listed in the config. The computer just won't use the other network's DNS server. I found a reg key that keeps our DNS servers listed and it seems that they take priority every time: HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\DNSClient All the values under that key are for our AD domain. NameServer and Searchlist never change. What I've found is if the user edits the NameServer string and puts the DNS server of the network they're on, everything works just fine. They get re-directed to the hotel's correct login page or their internet access starts working. It's only a problem if the network they're on blocks outside DNS or a hotel that uses an internal name in their front page redirection that only their DNS server knows about, i.e., not public. If the re-direct page starts with an IP, like 10.10.10.10, it'll work just fine. Obviously this isn't a fix for everyone. Most of my users are pretty knowledgeable so it’s easy for me to walk them through or send them a .reg file that they can edit and run. This problem isn't limited to Windows 7. It was like this with XP as well. It's not hardware related. The problem exists on both wired and wireless, Intel or Broadcom, laptops or desktops. Anyone else have this problem? Is there a GPO I can change that I missed? Got a good work-around for this? Thanks for any help!

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• Iptables: masquarading and routing

  - by nixnotwin

  I have a WAN router which is linked to isp over a /30 WAN subnet. But it also servers as a router to a /29 local public WAN subnet which is connected to few of my servers. The traffic from /29 gets routed to ISP via /30 subnet. For a wired reason I want to masqarade (NAT) the interface which has /30 ip. So the interface with /30 ip should appear as masquaraded for my 192.168.1.0/24 network and it also should act as a normal non-NAT router for my WAN public subnet /29. Can this be done with iptables on a Linux machine?

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• How can HAProxy improve availibility, or "how can I prevent my site from going down"? [closed]

  - by Joe Hopfgartner

  I am aware of what HAProxy does, but what if my HAproxy goes down? Or what if my DNS servers go down? Yes, dns is less the problem. However dns only solves to an IP and an IP is announced via BGP to be routed over some router. What if that router goes down? Of course if I have complicated application servers that are likely to fail HAProxy can significantly improve uptime. But my application isnt. In fact my application may very well just be delivering a small static html file via HTTP. Basically if any user anywhere types in MYDOMAIN.COM, I want the user to get SOMETHING on the screen other than a timeout or DNS resolution error. How can I do that? The point of entry is difficult. The so called "initial closure mechanism".

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• How should we serve files in a small bioinformatics cluster?

  - by cespinoza

  We have a small cluster of six ubuntu servers. We run bioinformatics analyses on these clusters. Each analysis takes about 24 hours to complete, each core i7 server can handle 2 at a time, takes as input about 5GB data and outputs about 10-25GB of data. We run dozens of these a week. The software is a hodgepodge of custom perl scripts and 3rd party sequence alignment software written in C/C++. Currently, files are served from two of the compute nodes (yes, we're using compute nodes as file servers)-- each node has 5 1TB sata drives mounted separately (no raid) and is pooled via glusterfs 2.0.1. They each have as 3 bonded intel ethernet pci gigabit ethernet cards, attached to a d-link DGS-1224T switch ($300 24 port consumer-level). We are not currently using jumbo frames (not sure why, actually). The two file-serving compute nodes are then mirrored via glusterfs. Each of the four other nodes mounts the files via glusterfs. The files are all large (4gb+), and are stored as bare files (no database/etc) if that matters. As you can imagine, this is a bit of a mess that grew organically without forethought and we want to improve it now that we're running out of space. Our analyses are I/O intensive and it is a bottle neck-- we're only getting 140mB/sec between the two fileservers, maybe 50mb/sec from the clients (which only have single NICs). We have a flexible budget which I can probably get up $5k or so. How should we spend our budget? We need at least 10TB of storage fast enough to serve all nodes. How fast/big does the cpu/memory of such a file server have to be? Should we use NFS, ATA over Ethernet, iSCSI, Glusterfs, or something else? Should we buy two or more servers and create some sort of storage cluster, or is 1 server enough for such a small number of nodes? Should we invest in faster NICs (say, PCI-express cards with multiple connectors)? The switch? Should we use raid, if so, hardware or software? and which raid (5, 6, 10, etc)? Any ideas appreciated. We're biologists, not IT gurus.

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• Hyper-V and host-installed hardware devices: can guest VMs access?

  - by gravyface

  Have a couple of servers I'd like to setup as Hyper-V Servers, with a couple of Windows 2008 Standard VMs. On the host, we have a few hardware devices we'd like to be accessible to the guest; I'm not sure if these are supported via a raw "pass-thru" on Hyper-V (which I don't have alot of experience with) if the same drivers are installed on the guest. Hardware in question is a Brooktrout fax card, a SCSI adapter for the tape drive, and a 9-pin serial connected to one of the core firewalls for management.

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• Updating Applications in a Corporate Environment

  - by user145133

  I am very new to this subject and was hoping someone could shed some light on it. I am working on creating a corporate network that will obviously have multiple servers and multiple workstations. Let's say a new version of Adobe Flash comes out. I would think that you would want to test this update in a test environment before "pushing it out" to the servers and workstations. How do you guys go about controlling, testing and then pushing the application updates out? (i am not talking about windows updates). Do you use a 3rd party sysadmin tool? Home grown software? Any info will greatly be appreciated :)

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• Network Monitoring Tool Recommendation

  - by user42801

  Hello, My company is looking for a monitoring app/tool that would allow us to capture and graph statistics on network performance. As a starting point, we would like to ping remote host(s) and gateway(s) from several of our servers, grab an average of the ping times from each of our servers to the remote host(s), and then graph it (preferably in a central location). Also, we would like to be able to graph the results for time frames as short as a week to as long as 6 months. It is reasonable to expect that we would ask more of the selected monitoring app/tool as we come up with other key network performance indicators in the future. So an app with great flexibility and features would be ideal. Upon first glance, Cacti looks like it might be a fit. Any other recommendations? Thanks in advance for any input.

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• MS Clear Screen Saver doesn't work

  - by ufoq

  I have a problem with really exotic thing - Microsoft Clear Screen Saver. As it's name suggests, it's a screen saver, that's transparent (MS posted it as a part of W2k Resource Kit). When you move the mouse/hit a key, the "lock" dialog appears. I would like to use this to view servers desktops without need to log in. I tested it on my XP's, and it works flawlessy. But on W2K3 servers it doesn't work. After the screensaver timeout, the error message is displayed: "The Clear Screen Saver cannot display the user desktop after the workstation has been locked"

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• spurious hardware memory 'errors' on hp dl380 g5's being generated

  - by friedchicken

  Hi All, i've got 2 new HP dl380g5 servers running HP's esxi4 patched to 219382. they have both been patched up to the latest hp firmware levels (firmware cd 8.7) both are running 32gb (4 x 8gb sticks) both servers are showing the same symptoms - the memory lights come on for two (random) dimms on the front of the server and the health led turns red. sometimes the server stays up and running with no problems. othertimes the server locks dead and only a power reset can bring it back. there is nothing showing in the ilo logs and nothing within the vmware hardware monitoring. the memory has been replaced i've got other customers that have been running dl380g5's with out any issues on esx3.5 - this is our first vsphere deployment with them. these are meant to go live soon so any advice would be great. thanks in advance.

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• crontab still sending emails even with > /dev/null

  - by user2344668

  I have a crontab (root) that runs a script and output is set to /dev/null but I always get the emails whenever it runs. I only want to receive error emails. # Rackspace driveclient update (12pm MST) 0 12 * * * /root/scripts/driveclient-update > /dev/null The only way I can get it to turn off is to use /dev/null 2&1 but then I won't get error emails. This is happening on three different CentOS servers, two are 6.3 and one is 6.4. NOTE: I have read over and over that /dev/null is supposed to send stdout there and prevent the email if there is nothing but stdout from the script, so at works for at least some people; I cannot figure out why it is not working on these servers. Here's an example of where /dev/null is supposed to work: http://www.alphadevx.com/a/384-Suppressing-Cron-Job-Email-Notifications

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• How does an NTP host switch among the various modes?

  - by James A. Rosen

  The NTPv3 RFC describes five operating modes: Symmetric Active (1): A host operating in this mode sends periodic messages regardless of the reachability state or stratum of its peer. By operating in this mode the host announces its willingness to synchronize and be synchronized by the peer. Symmetric Passive (2): This type of association is ordinarily created upon arrival of a message from a peer operating in the symmetric active mode and persists only as long as the peer is reachable and operating at a stratum level less than or equal to the host; otherwise, the association is dissolved. However, the association will always persist until at least one message has been sent in reply. By operating in this mode the host announces its willingness to synchronize and be synchronized by the peer. Client (3): A host operating in this mode sends periodic messages regardless of the reachability state or stratum of its peer. By operating in this mode the host, usually a LAN workstation, announces its willingness to be synchronized by, but not to synchronize the peer. Server (4): This type of association is ordinarily created upon arrival of a client request message and exists only in order to reply to that request, after which the association is dissolved. By operating in this mode the host, usually a LAN time server, announces its willingness to synchronize, but not to be synchronized by the peer. Broadcast (5): A host operating in this mode sends periodic messages regardless of the reachability state or stratum of the peers. By operating in this mode the host, usually a LAN time server operating on a high-speed broadcast medium, announces its willingness to synchronize all of the peers, but not to be synchronized by any of them. It seems to me, though, that any host except a leaf node would probably be in several modes. For example, I might have a local area network with three NTP servers, each in Symmetric Active (1) mode with respect to one another. They would also each be clients (3) of one of the many public stratum two time servers. Lastly, they would all server as servers (4) to the many local clients. Is the point that they're only in a given mode for a moment during the synchronization? If so, how does a host know to switch? I'm only looking for enough depth here to discuss the issue in an educated manner, not to write a custom time server.

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• Linux server failover

  - by Lukasz

  I have two Linux servers (CentOS6) - both are identically configured connected to the same switch with a direct link between them. I only have one external IP that is assigned to eth0 on both servers (connected to the internet switch) with the interface shutdown on server 2. How can I failover to server 2 if server 1 dies - as stated they are linked directly so they can check for availability of each other via ping/tcp/udp. I toyed with Heartbeat but the documentation seems to be non-existent - not sure how to bring up an interface and start some services if the other server dies.

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• How much does a IPtables router slow down a connection?

  - by RayQuang

  Hi, I would like to know if introducing a new gateway in my network will slow things down. The question may sound unclear but here is an illustration: Before Installing gateway server Main Router <=> switches <=> servers after installing gateway Server Main Router <=> IPtables router <=> switches <=> servers My question is. How much will this delay incoming outgoing requests / file transfers. thanks, RayQuang

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• What is the "real" difference between a NAS and NFS?

  - by warren

  From an end-user perspective, what is the difference between a NAS device and using NFS exports from a file server? They seem to accomplish the same end result. The difference between a SAN and other file storage is related (in my experience) to how they are connected to the server infrastructure. However, the difference between a NAS, connecting over standard ethernet, and NFS (sharing storage off specific servers, also over the network), seems more nebulous. Is there a good reason to pick a NAS filer over NFS on servers?

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• What do you do with a 15 node decommissioned Itanium cluster?

  - by Gomibushi

  We are decommissioning a 15 node Itanium cluster. We don't know what to do with it. Being geeks we want to put it (or its individual nodes) to some cool use, but since it is Itanium we are a bit unsure what that could/would be. We are not bringing it back as production servers and we are considering giving them away, if anyone wants them. It's not the most spiffy hardware, but being 2U rack servers they pack an ok amount of cpu and memory, they're about 3 years old perhaps. Ideas to what runs well on them? Or something one can use them as?

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• Rsync to take the newest file. And a cron job?

  - by user1704877

  I have a log file on two different servers. The servers are under a load balancer so half the traffic goes to one server, and half the traffic goes to the other server. I need to take the newest log file from one machine and transfer that log file to the other machine. So if one log file is changed on one server, it gets updated on the other server. I think I need to use rsync. And do I also need to put it in a cron job?

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• Eliminate single point of failure for webservers?

  - by George Bailey

  I know in DNS, that each of the DNS servers will be tried to see if they will respond I know in email that in the event of a failure it will go to the next one in the list or it will hold the mail for a period of time As far as I know,, in webservers,, the browser will get one of the webserver IP addresses and try it and if it fails it will give up. Is this correct? If so,, then the only way to direct traffic away from a failed IP address would be with the DNS servers.. and even that would not update immediately?

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• Advice for an EC2 Architecture and Deployment Strategy

  - by Mark

  My company is currently migrating several websites and PHP web applications (standard LAMP stack) from three in-house servers to Amazon EC2. Because we had only three servers, we clustered several low-traffic websites with perhaps one high-traffic web application, and served them from the same server. The server admin has pretty much copied the previous architecture wholesale onto the EC2 instances, simply upping the instance size to account for the highest traffic client that occupies that particular instance. This architecture might be okay if it wasn't for deployment. Any time one of these sites/apps changes, it means redeploying the entire instance, along with the 30 sites/apps it hosts, instead of just updating one. How can we architect our cloud in a more modular fashion? Should each app get its own appropriately-sized instance? What is the best strategy for deployment in this type of situation?

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• Why Java applicaiton is running slow for clients on Linux

  - by Darshani

  We have two linux servers which have Apache Tomcat Installed. One is running the Database, the other is running with Java application. More than 100 users are connected to the servers. Server machines are quad core normal PC's which have 4 GB memory. It was running properly for the last 6 months but the application has recently started to run slowly . Suddenly the Java application is getting stuck & users cannot work for some time. There is no network issue. I am trying to identify the reason for this, whether it is a machine problem or the problem is in the Java application. Can any body help me with this?

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• Can I use dis-similar HW for Win2008r2 DFS-R

  - by cwheeler33

  The setup: Windows 2008R2 Ent on two machines. The roles on each server will include File Servers and DC's. The machines come from two different vendors (Dell/HP) The Dell is an Athlon and the HP is an Intel. Both have roughly the same speed CPU and 8GB of RAM. They have different Raid controllers, and more or less the same amount of disk space (roughly 6TB.) Can the servers use different types of hardware? Is there any documentation about this? The last question I have is about the network. Can DFS-R be forced to use a differen subnet from the regular network?

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• How can I tell if my ISP is redirecting my DNS queries?

  - by Nack

  I've attempted to use some DNS services like OpenDNS, and no matter what I do the DNS queries don't return the expected results. Watching the packet traffic on my firewall, I can see the queries go out to the intended DNS server address and responses coming back, but the results are not as expected, for example, the OpenDNS test page always fails even though the requests appear to be going to their servers. I suspect my ISP is intercepting DNS queries and sending them to their own servers. Is there a way to verify this? Is there something else I might be missing? I'm using 3G wireless service from Sprint.

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• Terminal Server 2003 Login Issue - Insufficient system resources exist to complete the requested ser

  - by LP

  Afternoon. We have three identical terminal servers running Windows Server 2003 SP2, on these servers there are about 250 concurrent users logged on. We're running Roaming Profiles on a central server running Active Directory which cache the profiles locally on each terminal server as well. When one, and just that one, user tries to login she gets this error message (roughly translated from Swedish): "You could not be logged in becouse your principle could not be registered. Check that you're connected to the network or ask your administrator Insufficient system resources exist to complete the requested service." Anyone have an idea about this? I'm stumped ... Best Regards LP

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• Remotely enter encryption key?

  - by Jason Swett

  This might be a really dumb question but here goes, anyway. I just bought a couple servers. I already installed Ubuntu with encrypted LVM on one and I'm planning on doing the same with the other. This means that every time I boot up each of these machines, I have to enter the passphrase. And I'll have to do this every morning because I'll power each machine off each night for security reasons. Here's the problem: I don't have monitors or keyboards for these servers. It seems to me I have two options: Somehow enter the passphrase remotely Buy a KVM switch I doubt #1 is an option but I want to make sure it's not before I buy a KVM. Is it possible to enter the passphrase remotely? AND is it a good idea?

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