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• What resources will help me understand the fundamentals of Relational Database Systems.

  - by Rachel

  This are few of the fundamental database questions which has always given me trouble. I have tried using google and wiki but I somehow I miss out on understanding the functionality rather than terminology. If possible would really appreciate if someone can share more insights on this questions using some visual representative examples. What is a key? A candidate key? A primary key? An alternate key? A foreign key? What is an index and how does it help your database? What are the data types available and when to use which ones?

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• Specification, modeling and programming are principially the same, right?

  - by Gabriel Šcerbák

  In formal specifications based on abstract algebraic types and equational theory you use formulas of equational theory to specify theory. System which will satisfy those constraints is called in formal logic a model. Modeling is process of creating a model, which abstracts of some aspects, which are unnecessary details for a specific case. So concrete system has to adhere to created model in observed aspects. Programming is a process of creating a program which will have specific behaviour - will perform specific algorithms - and programming languages through different paradigms enable us to think in a certain specific way, which abstracts of some details, usually machine specific ones. So could we be doing all those things at the same time, because they are principially the same? Is declarative programming the nearest attempt to do that? Could we use some sort f programming languages which will be good for programming as well as for modeling and specification?

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• java vs python. In what way is Java Better?

  - by oxinabox.ucc.asn.au

  What are the advantages of Java over Python? What are the disadvantagesof Python, over Java? Why isn't Java more like Python? Like why don't java have an command line iterpretor? I beleive Java must have some advantages, but...I'm yet to see them. Logically all languages have an advantage afaict: I learnt java before python, - a 6 month unicourse. I spend a couple of weeks using python (writting a script to make a C source file). I hated it at first (as it was so differnt from C). I realised I had fallen in love it it, when I noticed that when I went to do a follow on Java Course at uni, I'ld stopped giving my variables types, and was tryign to multiply strings.

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• DataTable C# Empty column type

  - by Dested

  I am trying build a DataTable one row at a time using the following code. foreach (var e in Project.ProjectElements[hi.FakeName].Root.Elements()) { index = 0; object[] obj=new object[count]; foreach (var holdingColumn in names) { string d = e.Attribute(holdingColumn.Key).Value; obj[index++] = d; } dt.Rows.Add(obj); } The problem is the DataTable has types tied to the columns. Sometimes im passing null (or an empty string) in that object index and it is telling me that it cant be converted properly to a DateTime (in this case). My question is what should I default this value to, or is there some way to have the DataTable ignore empty values.

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• Parametrize the WHERE clause?

  - by ControlFlow

  Hi, stackoverflow! I'm need to write an stored procedure for SQL Server 2008 for performing some huge select query and I need filter it results with specifying filtering type via procedure's parameters (parameterize where clause). I found some solutions like this: create table Foo( id bigint, code char, name nvarchar(max)) go insert into Foo values (1,'a','aaa'), (2,'b','bbb'), (3,'c','ccc') go create procedure Bar @FilterType nvarchar(max), @FilterValue nvarchar(max) as begin select * from Foo as f where case @FilterType when 'by_id' then f.id when 'by_code' then f.code when 'by_name' then f.name end = case @FilterType when 'by_id' then cast(@FilterValue as bigint) when 'by_code' then cast(@FilterValue as char) when 'by_name' then @FilterValue end end go exec Bar 'by_id', '1'; exec Bar 'by_code', 'b'; exec Bar 'by_name', 'ccc'; But it doesn't work when the columns has different data types... It's possible to cast all the columns to nvarchar(max) and compare they as strings, but I think it will cause a performance degradation... Is it possible to parameterize where clause in stored procedure without using things like EXEC sp_executesql (dynamic SQL and etc.)?

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• Sorting MySQL results within a resultset

  - by InnateDev

  I have a resultset of lets say 10 results. 3 of them have a type 'Pears', and the next 3 have a type 'Apples' and the next three have a type of 'Bananas'. The last record has a type of 'Squeezing Equipment' - unrelated to the fruits. How do I return this set of results (for pagination too) in a GROUPED order that I specify WITHOUT using any inherent sort factor like ALPHABETA or ID etc? I have the all types at my disposal before running the code so they can be specified. i.e. ID | Bananas ID | Bananas ID | Bananas ID | Apples ID | Apples ID | Apples ID | Pears ID | Pears ID | Pears ID | Squeezing Equipment

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• assembly language programming (prime number)

  - by chris

  Prompt the user for a positive three digit number, then read it. Let's call it N. Divide into N all integer values from 2 to (N/2)+1 and test to see if the division was even, in which case N is instantly shown to be non-prime. Output a message printing N and saying that it is not prime. If none of those integer values divide evenly (remainder never is zero), then N is shown to be prime. Output a message printing N and saying that it is prime. Ask the user if he or she wants to test another number; if the user types "n" or "N", quit. If "y" or "Y", jump back and repeat. Comments in your code are essential. Hi. I am kinda in rush to do this.. please help me doing it. I'll be much appreciated. thank you

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• Identifying NHibernate proxy classes

  - by Marc Gravell

  I'm not an NHibernate user; I write a serialization utility library. A user has logged a feature-request that I should handle NHibernate proxy classes, treating them the same as the actual type. At the moment my code is treating them as unexpected inheritance, and throwing an exception. The code won't know in advance about NHibernate (including no reference, but I'm not aftaid of reflection ;-p) Is there a robust / guaranteed way of detecting such proxy types? Apparently DataContractSerializer handles this fine, so I'm hoping it is something pretty simple. Perhaps some interface or [attribute] decoration. Also, during deserialization; at the moment I would be creating the original type (not the NHibernate type). Is this fine for persistence purposes? Or is the proxy type required? If the latter; what is required to create an instance of the proxy type?

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• How to run javascript code in any part of the html file?

  - by DomingoSL

  Hello, im using a jquerry notification system who runs when the user click on a link: <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="$.n('This is a sample notification message, there are 3 more notification types which is all customizable through CSS.');">here</a> But the think is that i want to run $.n('This is a sample notification') not by pressing a link. I want to call the event when something happend with a If statement made on php. Ex. <?php if (condition) { DO THE NOTIFICATION; } ?> Thanks!

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• How to stop HTML text in textarea to be interpreted as code

  - by Myone

  I have a textarea that users can edit. After the edit I save the text in a PHP variable $bio. When I want to display it I do this: <?php $bio = nl2br($bio); echo $bio; ?> But if a user for example types an HTML command like "strong" in their text my site will actually output the text as bold. Which is nothing I want. How can I print/echo the $bio on the screen just as text and not as HTML code? Thanks in advance!

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• Password authentication in sqlite3 for iphone

  - by user271753

  Hey Guys .. I am new to programming in Objective C . I checked many tutorials on reading data in sqlite3 , but almost all of them have show the data in UITableView . I have a page where the user types in the password, the password lets say 1234 is saved in the database ( I have created a table already ) . I have got the database into the project folder . I just want a statement like if(databasepassword == correct from the uitextfield ) { show next page } else { password is incorrect.text } I will figure out on how to show the next page and display the password is incorrect.text I just want a method to cross check with the password saved in the database . How can I do that ? Regards

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• Preventing multiple reporting of the same rule violation in FxCop -- What is Id?

  - by Dave

  FxCop is currently reporting the same rule violation for a particular method -- it has two out parameters, because I want to return two values to the caller without creating a struct for it. I wonder if anonymous types would solve my problem, but I didn't know about them at the time I had written the method. Anyhow, I'm getting CheckId CA1021 reported once for each parameter. I've copied the SuppressMessage text from FxCop, and then realized that the Id for each message is different! To me, it seems like you only need the CheckId, so... what is the Id used for? I haven't been able to find information about it online. will the Id remain the same? I assume so, or SuppressMessage wouldn't work the way one would want it to is there a way to specify the SuppressMessage attribute so that it suppresses for all Ids?

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• How can I use my own connection class with a strongly typed dataset?

  - by Maslow

  I have designed a class with sqlClient.SqlCommand wrappers to implement such functionality as automatic retries on timeout, Async (thread safety), error logging, and some sql server functions like WhoAmI. I've used some strongly typed datasets mainly for display purposes only, but I'd like to have the same database functionality that I use with my class. Is there an interface I can implement or a way to hook my command/connection class into the dataset at design or runtime? Or would I need to somehow write a wrapper for the dataset to implement these types of functions? if this is the only option could it be made generic to wrap anything that inherits from dataset?

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• Web form / CGI scripting: User enters "word", IFrame displays "word".html

  - by Haskella

  Okay, I'll admit being a designer, I don't know much about how data is handled from the servers in forms... (basically the whole programming part). Basically I have a text field that the user types something like "apple", this gets sent to the server and then displays the apple.html page that I have in a directory in an IFrame. If anyone can show me how to do this in a PHP script or Perl, would be great thanks! I think this is good start, it gets more complicated than this... I later have to convert the "apple" into something like 2321 and display 2321.html instead. If anyone can find a CGI script that does this, thanks!

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• [PHP] Sorting data in an array

  - by kwokwai

  Hi all, I got an array which has 7 types of fruit: $fruits = array( "lemon", "orange", "banana", "apple", "cherry", "apricot", "Blueberry" ); I don't know how to print out the data in a way that the outcome will like this: <A> Apple, Apricot (Note that Apricot is followed by Apple in alphabetic order) <B> Banana <C> Cherry <L> Lemon <O> Orange I am sorry that the question may be a bit difficult. But please kindly help if you could.

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• Parsing Complex Text File with C#

  - by David

  Hello, I need to parse a text file that has a lot of levels and characters. I've been trying different ways to parse it but I haven't been able to get anything to work. I've included a sample of the text file I'm dealing with. Any suggestions on how I can parse this file? I have denoted the parts of the file I need with TEXTINEED. (bean name: 'TEXTINEED context: (list '/text '/content/home/left-nav/text '/content/home/landing-page) type: '/text/types/text module: '/modules/TEXTINEED source: '|moretext| ((contents (list (list (bean type: '/directory/TEXTINEED ((directives (bean ((chartSize (list 600 400)) (showCorners (list #f)) (showColHeader (list #f)) (showRowHeader (list #f))))))) (bean type: '/directory/TEXTINEED ((directives (bean ((displayName (list "MTD")) (showCorners (list #f)) (showColHeader (list #f)) (showRowLabels (list #f)) (hideDetailedLink (list #t)) (showRowHeader (list #f)) (chartSize (list 600 400))))))) (bean type: '/directory/TEXTINEED ((directives (bean ((displayName (list "QTD")) (showCorners (list #f)) (showColHeader (list #f)) (showRowLabels (list #f)) (hideDetailedLink (list #t)) (showRowHeader (list #f)) (chartSize (list 600 400)))))))) Thanks!

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• AssociationTypeMismatch with Expected Type on Nested Model Forms

  - by Craig Walker

  I'm getting this exception when doing a nested model form: ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch in RecipesController#update Ingredient(#35624480) expected, got Ingredient(#34767560) The models involved are Recipe and Ingredient. Recipe has_many and accepts_nested_attributes_for :ingredients, which belongs_to :recipe. I get this exception when attempting to _destroy (=1) one of the preexisting Ingredients on a nested Ingredient form for the Recipe Edit/Update. This makes very little sense, mostly because the association types are as expected (by the exception's own admission). What makes even less sense is that it works just fine in a functional test. Any ideas what might be causing this, or what I should be looking for?

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• Convert SelectedObjectCollection to Collection of Specific Type

  - by Jonathan Wood

  I have a WinForms multiselect listbox, and each item in the listbox is of type MyClass. I am also writing a method that needs to take a parameter that is a collection of MyClass. It could be of type MyClass[], List<MyClass>, IList<MyClass>, IEnumerable<MyClass>, etc. Any of those would work fine. Somehow, I need to pass the selected items in the listbox to my method. But how would I convert SelectedObjectCollection to any of the MyClass collection types described above?

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• Is there a general concrete implementation of a KeyedCollection?

  - by CodeSavvyGeek

  The System.Collections.ObjectModel.KeyedCollection class is a very useful alternative to System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary, especially when the key data is part of the object being stored or you want to be able to enumerate the items in order. Unfortunately, the class is abstract, and I am unable to find a general concrete implementation in the core .NET framework. The Framework Design Guidlines book indicates that a concrete implementation should be provided for abstract types (section 4.4 Abstract Class Design). Why would the framework designers leave out a general concrete implementation of such a useful class, especially when it could be provided by simply exposing a constructor that accepts and stores a Converter from the item to its key: public class ConcreteKeyedCollection : KeyedCollection { private Converter getKeyForItem = null; public GenericKeyedCollection(Converter getKeyForItem) { if (getKeyForItem == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("getKeyForItem"); } this.getKeyForItem = getKeyForItem; } protected override TKey GetKeyForItem(TItem item) { return this.getKeyForItem(item); } }

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• How do I identify an OpenID provider as requiring Directed Identity?

  - by Skrat

  I am trying to extend the LightOpenID PHP library to "discover" that an identity provider requires Directed Identity. This should be easy as the library is beautifully well written and wonderfully clean but I don't know how to identify these types of providers. A couple things I've tried: I looked through the OpenID specs on the subject but came up empty handed. Looked through the PHP OpenID library but couldn't figure out how this info was gathered during the discovery. Dumped all the data (headers and content) that came from the servers by injecting some code in LightOpenID but didn't see anything helpful. Searched Google and Stackoverflow, naturally. How do providers identify themselves as requiring "Directed Identity" authentication? Surely there is a carefully defined specification for this... somewhere. Anyone know where I can find more on this?

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• Is WPF a good choice for developing line of business user interfaces?

  - by Randy Minder

  We're debating whether our future Windows UI development should be WinForms or WPF. How have some of you made this decision? Most of our applications are LOB applications, and I'm not sure I see a clear and overwhelming benefit to WPF for these types of applications. However, my knowledge of WPF is limited. I'm also a little concerned that WPF will be in vogue for another couple years and then Microsoft will get tired of it and push something else on us. I guess one argument against this is the fact that Visual Studio 2010 is a WPF application. Thanks.

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• How to get debugging statements for Android in Eclipse

  - by Gerry

  I've read the lame documentation, and checked other answers. I'd like my Android app to print some debug statements in the logcat window of Eclispe. If I use the isLoggable method on the various types of debug levels on the Log class, I find that WARN and INFO are returning true. Log.w, and Log.i do not produce any output. Does anyone know which gotchas I've missed? And just to vent, why should this be hard? I've published apps for iphone and bberry and while appreciate the use of java, the platform is reeking of too many "genuiuses" being involved. I suppose Activities and Intents are very flexible, but why? I just want to put up some screens, take some input and show some results. The bberry pushscreen and popscreen is a lot less pretentious. Thanks, Gerry

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• postgres store with composite value type, or a better way of attributing an inverted index

  - by Hassan Syed

  can't seem to figure out the syntax for populating a hstore with a value of composite type -- note: I do not want to convert a record to a hstore. select hstore('hello => ROW(1,2)'); I know it's something simple; However, google is not my friend today. use case : custom inverted index. The data is modelling an inverted index of lexemes, the composite data types are various probabilities related to the lexemes which I will use to implement document clustering. Does anyone know a better way of doing this ? I'm open to using an external system if it allows attaching attributes to key-posting pairs in the inverted index. I'd use something external if it had solid support for what I am trying to do, I suspect that sticking 3-10k lexemes per tuple and then doing batch processing on them is gonna be nasty as the whole hstore will have to be parsed and converted .

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• Difference between 'Web Site' and 'Project' in Visual Studio

  - by Gudmundur Orn

  Duplicate http://stackoverflow.com/questions/344473/asp-net-website-or-web-application-project I have noticed that there is clearly a difference in what you get when you fire up Visual Studio 2008 and choose 'New Project' - 'ASP.NET Web Application' instead of 'New Web Site' - 'ASP.NET Web Site'. For example if you choose 'Project', then you can compile to .dll and each page gets a *.aspx.designer.cs codebehind file. 1) Why do we have these two different project types? 2) Which do you prefer? 3) Why would I choose one over the other? 4) What's the deal with the *.aspx.designer.cs files?

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• Ambiguous Generic restriction T:class vs T:struct

  - by Maslow

  This code generates a compiler error that the member is already defined with the same parameter types. private T GetProperty<T>(Func<Settings, T> GetFunc) where T:class { try { return GetFunc(Properties.Settings.Default); } catch (Exception exception) { SettingReadException(this,exception); return null; } } private TNullable? GetProperty<TNullable>(Func<Settings, TNullable> GetFunc) where TNullable : struct { try { return GetFunc(Properties.Settings.Default); } catch (Exception ex) { SettingReadException(this, ex); return new Nullable<TNullable>(); } } Is there a clean work around?

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