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  • GCC problem with raw double type comparisons

    - by Monomer
    I have the following bit of code, however when compiling it with GCC 4.4 with various optimization flags I get some unexpected results when its run. #include <iostream> int main() { const unsigned int cnt = 10; double lst[cnt] = { 0.0 }; const double v[4] = { 131.313, 737.373, 979.797, 731.137 }; for(unsigned int i = 0; i < cnt; ++i) { lst[i] = v[i % 4] * i; } for(unsigned int i = 0; i < cnt; ++i) { double d = v[i % 4] * i; if(lst[i] != d) { std::cout << "error @ : " << i << std::endl; return 1; } } return 0; } when compiled with: "g++ -pedantic -Wall -Werror -O1 -o test test.cpp" I get the following output: "error @ : 3" when compiled with: "g++ -pedantic -Wall -Werror -O2 -o test test.cpp" I get the following output: "error @ : 3" when compiled with: "g++ -pedantic -Wall -Werror -O3 -o test test.cpp" I get no errors when compiled with: "g++ -pedantic -Wall -Werror -o test test.cpp" I get no errors I do not believe this to be an issue related to rounding, or epsilon difference in the comparison. I've tried this with Intel v10 and MSVC 9.0 and they all seem to work as expected. I believe this should be nothing more than a bitwise compare. If I replace the if-statement with the following: if (static_cast<long long int>(lst[i]) != static_cast<long long int>(d)), and add "-Wno-long-long" I get no errors in any of the optimization modes when run. If I add std::cout << d << std::endl; before the "return 1", I get no errors in any of the optimization modes when run. Is this a bug in my code, or is there something wrong with GCC and the way it handles the double type?

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  • How to maintain precision using DateTime.Now.Ticks in C#

    - by nmr
    I know that when I use DateTime.Now.Ticks in C# it returns a long value but I need to store it in an int variable and I am confused as to whether or not I can maintain that precision. As of right now I just have a cast int timeStampValue = (int)DateTime.Now.Ticks; Any suggestions or advice on how to maintain the precision, if possible, would be much appreciated.

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  • C when to allocate and free memory - before function call, after function call...etc

    - by Keith P
    I am working with my first straight C project, and it has been a while since I worked on C++ for that matter. So the whole memory management is a bit fuzzy. I have a function that I created that will validate some input. In the simple sample below, it just ignores spaces: int validate_input(const char *input_line, char* out_value){ int ret_val = 0; /*false*/ int length = strlen(input_line); cout << "length = " << length << "\n"; out_value =(char*) malloc(sizeof(char) * length + 1); if (0 != length){ int number_found = 0; for (int x = 0; x < length; x++){ if (input_line[x] != ' '){ /*ignore space*/ /*get the character*/ out_value[number_found] = input_line[x]; number_found++; /*increment counter*/ } } out_value[number_found + 1] = '\0'; ret_val = 1; } return ret_val; } Instead of allocating memory inside the function for out_value, should I do it before I call the function and always expect the caller to allocate memory before passing into the function? As a rule of thumb, should any memory allocated inside of a function be always freed before the function returns?

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  • Black box test cases for insertion procedure

    - by AJ
    insertion_procedure (int a[], int p [], int N) { int i,j,k; for (i=0; i<=N; i++) p[i] = i; for (i=2; i<=N; i++) { k = p[i]; j = 1; while (a[p[j-1]] > a[k]) {p[j] = p[j-1]; j--} p[j] = k; } } What would be few good test cases for this particular insertion procedure?

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  • Java Interger: what is faster comparison or subtraction?

    - by Vladimir
    I've found that java.lang.Ingteger implementation of compareTo method looks as follows: public int compareTo(Integer anotherInteger) { int thisVal = this.value; int anotherVal = anotherInteger.value; return (thisVal<anotherVal ? -1 : (thisVal==anotherVal ? 0 : 1)); } The question is why use comparison instead of subtraction: return thisVal - anotherVal;

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  • How do I cast a void pointer to a struct in C?

    - by Rowhawn
    In a project I'm writing code for, I have a void pointer, "implementation", which is a member of a "Hash_map" struct, and points to an "Array_hash_map" struct. The concepts behind this project are not very realistic, but bear with me. The specifications of the project ask that I cast the void pointer "implementation" to an "Array_hash_map" before I can use it in any functions. My question, specifically is, what do I do in the functions to cast the void pointers to the desired struct? Is there one statement at the top of each function that casts them or do I make the cast every time I use "implementation"? Here are the typedefs the structs of a Hash_map and Array_hash_map as well as a couple functions making use of them. typedef struct { Key_compare_fn key_compare_fn; Key_delete_fn key_delete_fn; Data_compare_fn data_compare_fn; Data_delete_fn data_delete_fn; void *implementation; } Hash_map; typedef struct Array_hash_map{ struct Unit *array; int size; int capacity; } Array_hash_map; typedef struct Unit{ Key key; Data data; } Unit; functions: /* Sets the value parameter to the value associated with the key parameter in the Hash_map. */ int get(Hash_map *map, Key key, Data *value){ int i; if (map == NULL || value == NULL) return 0; for (i = 0; i < map->implementation->size; i++){ if (map->key_compare_fn(map->implementation->array[i].key, key) == 0){ *value = map->implementation->array[i].data; return 1; } } return 0; } /* Returns the number of values that can be stored in the Hash_map, since it is represented by an array. */ int current_capacity(Hash_map map){ return map.implementation->capacity; }

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  • Generate Color Gradient in C#

    - by Ngu Soon Hui
    My question here is similar to the question here, except that I am working with C#. I have two colors, and I have a predefine steps. How to retrieve a list of Colors that are the gradients between the two? This is an approach that I tried, which didn't work: int argbMax = Color.Chocolate.ToArgb(); int argbMin = Color.Blue.ToArgb(); var colorList = new List<Color>(); for(int i=0; i<size; i++) { var colorAverage= argbMin + (int)((argbMax - argbMin) *i/size); colorList.Add(Color.FromArgb(colorAverage)); } If you try the above code, you will find that a gradual increase in argb doesn't correspond to a visual gradual increase in the color. Any idea on this?

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  • Parallel.For Batching

    - by chibacity
    Is there built-in support in the TPL for batching operations? I was recently playing with a routine to carry out character replacement on a character array which required a lookup table i.e. transliteration: for (int i = 0; i < chars.Length; i++) { char replaceChar; if (lookup.TryGetValue(chars[i], out replaceChar)) { chars[i] = replaceChar; } } I could see that this could be trivially parallelized, so jumped in with a first stab which I knew would perform worse as the tasks were too fine-grained: Parallel.For(0, chars.Length, i => { char replaceChar; if (lookup.TryGetValue(chars[i], out replaceChar)) { chars[i] = replaceChar; } }); I then reworked the algorithm to use batching so that the work could be chunked onto different threads in less fine-grained batches. This made use of threads as expected and I got some near linear speed up. I'm sure that there must be built-in support for batching in the TPL. What is the syntax, and how do I use it? const int CharBatch = 100; int charLen = chars.Length; Parallel.For(0, ((charLen / CharBatch) + 1), i => { int batchUpper = ((i + 1) * CharBatch); for (int j = i * CharBatch; j < batchUpper && j < charLen; j++) { char replaceChar; if (lookup.TryGetValue(chars[j], out replaceChar)) { chars[j] = replaceChar; } } });

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  • using Object input\ output Streams with files and array list

    - by soad el-hayek
    hi every one .. i'm an it student , and it's time to finish my final project in java , i've faced too many problems , this one i couldn't solve it and i'm really ubset ! :S my code is like this : in Admin class : public ArrayList cos_info = new ArrayList(); public ArrayList cas_info = new ArrayList(); public int cos_count = 0 ; public int cas_count = 0 ; void coustmer_acount() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException{ String add=null; do{ person p = new person() ; cos_info.add(cos_count, p); cos_count ++ ; add =JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Do you want to add more coustmer..\n'y'foryes ..\n 'n'for No .."); } while(add.charAt(0) == 'Y'||add.charAt(0)=='y'); writenew_cos(); // add_acounts(); } void writenew_cos() throws IOException{ ObjectOutputStream aa = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("coustmer.txt")); aa.writeObject(cos_info); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Added to file done sucessfuly.."); aa.close(); } in Coustmer class : void read_cos() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException{ person p1= null ; int array_count = 0; ObjectInputStream d = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("coustmer.txt")); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,d.available() ); for(int i = 0;d.available() == 0;i++){ a.add(array_count,(ArrayList) d.readObject()); array_count++; JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Haaaaai :D" ); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,array_count ); } d.close(); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,array_count +"1111" ); for(int i = 0 ; i it just print JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,d.available() ); and having excep. here a.add(array_count,(ArrayList) d.readObject()); p.s : person object from my own class and it's Serializabled

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  • C++ Long switch statement or look up with a map?

    - by Rachel
    In my C++ application, I have some values that act as codes to represent other values. To translate the codes, I've been debating between using a switch statement or an stl map. The switch would look something like this: int code; int value; switch(code) { case 1: value = 10; break; case 2: value = 15; break; } The map would be an stl::map<int, int> and translation would be a simple lookup with the code used as the key value. Which one is better/more efficient/cleaner/accepted? Why?

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  • How to call constructor of the current class and parent class at the same time?

    - by Siegfried
    public class A{ public A(int a, int b) {...} } public class B : A{ List a; List b; public B(){...} //constructor1 public B(int a, int b) : base(a,b){...} //constructor2 } My question is I need to initialize both list a and b in class B. If I put them in the constructor1, how can I call constructor1 in constructor2? I don't want to rewrite the initialization statements in constructor2 again. Thanks!

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  • Creating a Yes/No MessageBox in a NuGet install/uninstall script

    - by ParadigmShift
    Sometimes getting a little feedback during the install/uninstall process of a NuGet package could be really useful. Instead of accounting for all possible ways to install your NuGet package for every user, you can simplify the installation by clarifying with the user what they want. This example shows how to generate a windows yes/no message box to get input from the user in the PowerShell install or uninstall script. We’ll use the prompt on the uninstall to confirm if the user wants to delete a custom setting that the initial install placed in their configuration.  Obviously you could use the prompt in any way you want. The objects of the message box are generated similar to the controls in the code behind of a WinForm. At the beginning of your script enter this: param($installPath, $toolsPath, $package, $project)   # Set up path variables $solutionDir = Get-SolutionDir $projectName = (Get-Project).ProjectName $projectPath = Join-Path $solutionDir $projectName   ################################################################################################ # WinForm generation for prompt ################################################################################################ function Ask-Delete-Custom-Settings { [void][reflection.assembly]::loadwithpartialname("System.Windows.Forms") [Void][reflection.assembly]::loadwithpartialname("System.Drawing")   $title = "Package Uninstall" $message = "Delete the customized settings?" #Create form and controls $form1 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Form $label1 = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label $btnYes = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Button $btnNo = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Button   #Set properties of controls and form ############ # label1 # ############ $label1.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(12,9) $label1.Name = "label1" $label1.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(254,17) $label1.TabIndex = 0 $label1.Text = $message   ############# # btnYes # ############# $btnYes.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(156,45) $btnYes.Name = "btnYes" $btnYes.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(48,25) $btnYes.TabIndex = 1 $btnYes.Text = "Yes"   ########### # btnNo # ########### $btnNo.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(210,45) $btnNo.Name = "btnNo" $btnNo.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(48,25) $btnNo.TabIndex = 2 $btnNo.Text = "No"   ########### # form1 # ########### $form1.ClientSize = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(281,86) $form1.Controls.Add($label1) $form1.Controls.Add($btnYes) $form1.Controls.Add($btnNo) $form1.Name = "Form1" $form1.Text = $title #Event Handler $btnYes.add_Click({btnYes_Click}) $btnNo.add_Click({btnNo_Click}) return $form1.ShowDialog() } function btnYes_Click { #6 = Yes $form1.DialogResult = 6 } function btnNo_Click { #7 = No $form1.DialogResult = 7 } ################################################################################################ This has also wired up the click events to the form.  This is all it takes to create the message box. Now we have to actually use the message box and get the user’s response or this is all pointless.  We’ll then delete the section of the application/web configuration called <Custom.Settings> [xml] $configXmlContent = Get-Content $configFile   Write-Host "Please respond to the question in the Dialog Box." $dialogResult = Ask-Delete-Custom-Settings #6 = Yes #7 = No Write-Host "dialogResult = $dialogResult" if ($dialogResult.ToString() -eq "Yes") { Write-Host "Deleting customized settings" $customSettingsNode = $configXmlContent.configuration.Item("Custom.Settings") $configXmlContent.configuration.RemoveChild($customSettingsNode) $configXmlContent.Save($configFile) } if ($dialogResult.ToString() -eq "No") { Write-Host "Do not delete customized settings" } The part where I check if ($dialog.Result.ToString() –eq “Yes”) could just as easily check the value for either 6 or 7 (Yes or No).  I just personally decided I liked this way better.   Shahzad Qureshi is a Software Engineer and Consultant in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA His certifications include: Microsoft Certified System Engineer 3CX Certified Partner Global Information Assurance Certification – Secure Software Programmer – .NET He is the owner of Utah VoIP Store at http://www.utahvoipstore.com/ and SWS Development at http://www.swsdev.com/ and publishes windows apps under the name Blue Voice.

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  • 1 error with an array "missing return statement"

    - by danielit0w
    import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class Mate { double suma (double x1,double x2) {return x1+x2;} double suma (double x1,double x2,double x3) {return x1+x2+x3;} double suma (int num [ ]) {int i=num.length; int j=0; int s=0; for(j=0;j < i;j++) {return (double)(s);}}} // here appears the error "missing return statement" class AplicacionMate {public static void main (String arg []) {int n[ ]={5,4,3,2,1}; double r=0.0; Mate m=new Mate ( ); r=m.suma(5,4); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"La suma 1="+r); r=m.suma(5,5,4); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"La suma 2="+r); r=m.suma(n); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"La suma del arreglo="+r); System.exit(0);}}

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  • C strange array behaviour

    - by LukeN
    After learning that both strncmp is not what it seems to be and strlcpy not being available on my operating system (Linux), I figured I could try and write it myself. I found a quote from Ulrich Drepper, the libc maintainer, who posted an alternative to strlcpy using mempcpy. I don't have mempcpy either, but it's behaviour was easy to replicate. First of, this is the testcase I have #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #define BSIZE 10 void insp(const char* s, int n) { int i; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%c ", s[i]); printf("\n"); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%02X ", s[i]); printf("\n"); return; } int copy_string(char *dest, const char *src, int n) { int r = strlen(memcpy(dest, src, n-1)); dest[r] = 0; return r; } int main() { char b[BSIZE]; memset(b, 0, BSIZE); printf("Buffer size is %d", BSIZE); insp(b, BSIZE); printf("\nFirst copy:\n"); copy_string(b, "First", BSIZE); insp(b, BSIZE); printf("b = '%s'\n", b); printf("\nSecond copy:\n"); copy_string(b, "Second", BSIZE); insp(b, BSIZE); printf("b = '%s'\n", b); return 0; } And this is its result: Buffer size is 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 First copy: F i r s t b = 46 69 72 73 74 00 62 20 3D 00 b = 'First' Second copy: S e c o n d 53 65 63 6F 6E 64 00 00 01 00 b = 'Second' You can see in the internal representation (the lines insp() created) that there's some noise mixed in, like the printf() format string in the inspection after the first copy, and a foreign 0x01 in the second copy. The strings are copied intact and it correctly handles too long source strings (let's ignore the possible issue with passing 0 as length to copy_string for now, I'll fix that later). But why are there foreign array contents (from the format string) inside my destination? It's as if the destination was actually RESIZED to match the new length.

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  • stored procedure issue, has to do with my where clause and if statement

    - by MyHeadHurts
    right now my stored procedure is returning 2 different result sets one for @booked and the other for @booked1 if you look closely my query is doing the same thing for each @booked and @booked but one is for a user selected year and the other for the current year. I don't want two different result sets, i want to join the selected year and the current year side by side by SDESCR(which is a column that they have in common) another hurdle i am facing is i am use @mode to decide whether the user wants netsales, sales... so on. I know i need sometype of join but, it isnt working because i have a where statement that says where dyyyy= @yeartoget which won't allow the current year data to work ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[test1] @mode varchar(20), @YearToGet int AS SET NOCOUNT ON Declare @Booked Int Set @Booked = CONVERT(int,DateAdd(year, @YearToGet - Year(getdate() + 1), DateAdd(day, DateDiff(day, 1, getdate()), 1) ) ) Declare @Booked1 Int Set @Booked1 = CONVERT(int,DateAdd(year, (year( getdate() )) - Year(getdate() + 1), DateAdd(day, DateDiff(day, 1, getdate()), 1) ) ) If @mode = 'Sales' Select Division, SDESCR, DYYYY, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked Then NetAmount End) ASofNetSales, SUM(NetAmount) AS YENetSales, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked Then PARTY End) AS ASofPAX, SUM(PARTY) AS YEPAX From dbo.B101BookingsDetails Where DYYYY = @YearToGet Group By SDESCR, DYYYY, Division Order By Division, SDESCR, DYYYY else if @mode = 'netsales' Select Division, SDESCR, DYYYY, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked Then NetAmount End) ASofNetSales, SUM(NetAmount) AS YENetSales, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked Then PARTY End) AS ASofPAX, SUM(PARTY) AS YEPAX From dbo.B101BookingsDetails Where DYYYY = @YearToGet Group By SDESCR, DYYYY, Division Order By Division, SDESCR, DYYYY If @mode = 'Sales' Select Division, SDESCR, DYYYY, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked1 Then NetAmount End) currentNetSales, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked1 Then PARTY End) AS currentPAX From dbo.B101BookingsDetails Where DYYYY = (year( getdate() )) Group By SDESCR, DYYYY, Division Order By Division, SDESCR, DYYYY else if @mode = 'netsales' Select Division, SDESCR, DYYYY, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked1 Then NetAmount End) currentNetSales, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked1 Then PARTY End) AS currentPAX From dbo.B101BookingsDetails Where DYYYY = (year( getdate() )) Group By SDESCR, DYYYY, Division Order By Division, SDESCR, DYYYY Else if @mode = 'Inssales' Select Division, SDESCR, DYYYY, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked1 Then InsAmount End) currentInsSales, Sum(Case When Booked <= @Booked1 Then PARTY End) AS currentPAX From dbo.B101BookingsDetails Where DYYYY = (year( getdate() )) Group By SDESCR, DYYYY, Division Order By Division, SDESCR, DYYYY

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  • passing an array structure as an array

    - by Matias
    I'm having trouble passing a structure array as a parameter of a function struct Estructure{ int a; int b; }; and a funtion Begining(Estructure &s1[]) { //modifi the estructure s1 }; and the main would be something like this int main() { Estructure m[200]; Begining(m); }; is this valid?

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  • What is an overloaded operator in c++?

    - by Jeff
    I realize this is a basic question but I have searched online, been to cplusplus.com, read through my book, and I can't seem to grasp the concept of overloaded operators. A specific example from cplusplus.com is: // vectors: overloading operators example #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CVector { public: int x,y; CVector () {}; CVector (int,int); CVector operator + (CVector); }; CVector::CVector (int a, int b) { x = a; y = b; } CVector CVector::operator+ (CVector param) { CVector temp; temp.x = x + param.x; temp.y = y + param.y; return (temp); } int main () { CVector a (3,1); CVector b (1,2); CVector c; c = a + b; cout << c.x << "," << c.y; return 0; } from http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/classes2/ but reading through it I'm still not understanding them at all. I just need a basic example of the point of the overloaded operator (which I assume is the "CVector CVector::operator+ (CVector param)"). There's also this example from wikipedia: Time operator+(const Time& lhs, const Time& rhs) { Time temp = lhs; temp.seconds += rhs.seconds; if (temp.seconds >= 60) { temp.seconds -= 60; temp.minutes++; } temp.minutes += rhs.minutes; if (temp.minutes >= 60) { temp.minutes -= 60; temp.hours++; } temp.hours += rhs.hours; return temp; } from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_overloading" The current assignment I'm working on I need to overload a ++ and a -- operator. Thanks in advance for the information and sorry about the somewhat vague question, unfortunately I'm just not sure on it at all.

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  • Pythagoras triangle

    - by Gogolo
    I would like to ask you about this programing part, is it everything ok? the task was: Write the pseudocode or flow diagram and code for the theorem of Pythagoras - for right-angle triangle with three ribs (a, b, and c) of type integer int KendiA = 0; int KendiB = 0; int H = 0; string Trekendeshi = null; int gjetja = 0; for (KendiA = 1; KendiA <= 15; KendiA++) { for (KendiB = 1; KendiB <= 15; KendiB++) { for (H = 1; H <= 30; H++) { if ((Math.Pow(KendiA, 2) + Math.Pow(KendiB, 2) == Math.Pow(H, 2))) { gjetja = gjetja + 1; Trekendeshi = gjetja + "\t" + KendiA + "\t" + KendiB + "\t" + H; Console.WriteLine(Trekendeshi); } } } }

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  • How to use boost::transform_iterator to iterate over modifed std::map values?

    - by Frank
    I have an std::map, and I would like to define an iterator that returns modified values. Typically, a std::map<int,double>::iterator iterates over std::pair<int,double>, and I would like the same behavior, just the double value is multiplied by a constant. I tried it with boost::transform_iterator, but it doesn't compile: #include <map> #include <boost/iterator/transform_iterator.hpp> #include <boost/functional.hpp> typedef std::map<int,double> Map; Map m; m[100] = 2.24; typedef boost::binder2nd< std::multiplies<double> > Function; typedef boost::transform_iterator<Function, Map::value_type*> MultiplyIter; MultiplyIter begin = boost::make_transform_iterator(m.begin(), Function(std::multiplies<double>(), 4)); // now want to similarly create an end iterator // and then iterate over the modified map The error is: error: conversion from 'boost ::transform_iterator< boost::binder2nd<multiplies<double> >, gen_map<int, double>::iterator , boost::use_default, boost::use_default >' to non-scalar type 'boost::transform_iterator< boost::binder2nd<multiplies<double> >, pair<const int, double> * , boost::use_default, boost::use_default >' requested What is gen_map and do I really need it? I adapted the transform_iterator tutorial code from here to write this code ...

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  • Passing a Structure containing an array of String and an array of Integer into a C++ DLL

    - by DanJunior
    I'm having problems with marshaling in VB.NET to C++, here's the code : In the C++ DLL : struct APP_PARAM { int numData; LPCSTR *text; int *values; }; int App::StartApp(APP_PARAM params) { for (int i = 0; i < numLines; i++) { OutputDebugString(params.text[i]); } } In VB.NET : <StructLayoutAttribute(LayoutKind.Sequential)> _ Public Structure APP_PARAM Public numData As Integer Public text As System.IntPtr Public values As System.IntPtr End Structure Declare Function StartApp Lib "AppSupport.dll" (ByVal params As APP_PARAM) As Integer Sub Main() Dim params As APP_PARAM params.numData = 3 Dim text As String() = {"A", "B", "C"} Dim textHandle As GCHandle = GCHandle.Alloc(text) params.text = GCHandle.ToIntPtr(textHandle) Dim values As Integer() = {10, 20, 30} Dim valuesHandle As GCHandle = GCHandle.Alloc(values) params.values = GCHandle.ToIntPtr(heightHandle) StartApp(params) textHandle.Free() valuesHandle.Free() End Sub I checked the C++ side, the output from the OutputDebugString is garbage, the text array contains random characters. What is the correct way to do this?

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  • Problems with making a simple UNIX shell

    - by Kodemax
    Hai, I am trying to create a simple shell in UNIX. I read a lot and found that everybody uses the strtok a lot. But i want to do without any special functions. So i wrote the code but i cant seem to get it to work. Can anybody point out what i am doing wrong here? void process(char**); int arg_count; char **splitcommand(char* input) { char temp[81][81] ,*cmdptr[40]; int k,done=0,no=0,arg_count=0; for(int i=0 ; input[i] != '\0' ; i++) { k=0; while(1) { if(input[i] == ' ') { arg_count++; break; } if(input[i] == '\0') { arg_count++; done = 1; break; } temp[arg_count][k++] = input[i++]; } temp[arg_count][k++] = '\0'; if(done == 1) { break; } } for(int i=0 ; i<arg_count ; i++) { cmdptr[i] = temp[i]; cout<<endl; } cout<<endl; } void process(char* cmd[]) { int pid = fork(); if(pid < 0) { cout << "Fork Failed" << endl; exit(-1); } else if( pid == 0) { cout<<endl<<"in pid"; execvp(cmd[0], cmd); } else { wait(NULL); cout << "Job's Done" << endl; } } int main() { cout<<"Welcome to shell !!!!!!!!!!!"<<endl; char input[81]; cin.getline(input,81); splitcommand(input); }

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  • Can anyone explain why my crypto++ decrypted file is 16 bytes short?

    - by Tom Williams
    I suspect it might be too much to hope for, but can anyone with experience with crypto++ explain why the "decrypted.out" file created by main() is 16 characters short (which probably not coincidentally is the block size)? I think the issue must be in CryptStreamBuffer::GetNextChar(), but I've been staring at it and the crypto++ documentation for hours. Any other comments about how crummy or naive my std::streambuf implementation are also welcome ;-) And I've just noticed I'm missing some calls to delete so you don't have to tell me about those. Thanks, Tom // Runtime Includes #include <iostream> // Crypto++ Includes #include "aes.h" #include "modes.h" // xxx_Mode< > #include "filters.h" // StringSource and // StreamTransformation #include "files.h" using namespace std; class CryptStreamBuffer: public std::streambuf { public: CryptStreamBuffer(istream& encryptedInput, CryptoPP::StreamTransformation& c); CryptStreamBuffer(ostream& encryptedOutput, CryptoPP::StreamTransformation& c); protected: virtual int_type overflow(int_type ch = traits_type::eof()); virtual int_type uflow(); virtual int_type underflow(); virtual int_type pbackfail(int_type ch); virtual int sync(); private: int GetNextChar(); int m_NextChar; // Buffered character CryptoPP::StreamTransformationFilter* m_StreamTransformationFilter; CryptoPP::FileSource* m_Source; CryptoPP::FileSink* m_Sink; }; // class CryptStreamBuffer CryptStreamBuffer::CryptStreamBuffer(istream& encryptedInput, CryptoPP::StreamTransformation& c) : m_NextChar(traits_type::eof()), m_StreamTransformationFilter(0), m_Source(0), m_Sink(0) { m_StreamTransformationFilter = new CryptoPP::StreamTransformationFilter(c); m_Source = new CryptoPP::FileSource(encryptedInput, false, m_StreamTransformationFilter); } CryptStreamBuffer::CryptStreamBuffer(ostream& encryptedOutput, CryptoPP::StreamTransformation& c) : m_NextChar(traits_type::eof()), m_StreamTransformationFilter(0), m_Source(0), m_Sink(0) { m_Sink = new CryptoPP::FileSink(encryptedOutput); m_StreamTransformationFilter = new CryptoPP::StreamTransformationFilter(c, m_Sink); } CryptStreamBuffer::int_type CryptStreamBuffer::overflow(int_type ch) { return m_StreamTransformationFilter->Put((byte)ch); } CryptStreamBuffer::int_type CryptStreamBuffer::uflow() { int_type result = GetNextChar(); // Reset the buffered character m_NextChar = traits_type::eof(); return result; } CryptStreamBuffer::int_type CryptStreamBuffer::underflow() { return GetNextChar(); } CryptStreamBuffer::int_type CryptStreamBuffer::pbackfail(int_type ch) { return traits_type::eof(); } int CryptStreamBuffer::sync() { if (m_Sink) { m_StreamTransformationFilter->MessageEnd(); } } int CryptStreamBuffer::GetNextChar() { // If we have a buffered character do nothing if (m_NextChar != traits_type::eof()) { return m_NextChar; } // If there are no more bytes currently available then pump the source // *** I SUSPECT THE PROBLEM IS HERE *** if (m_StreamTransformationFilter->MaxRetrievable() == 0) { m_Source->Pump(1024); } // Retrieve the next byte byte nextByte; size_t noBytes = m_StreamTransformationFilter->Get(nextByte); if (0 == noBytes) { return traits_type::eof(); } // Buffer up the next character m_NextChar = nextByte; return m_NextChar; } void InitKey(byte key[]) { key[0] = -62; key[1] = 102; key[2] = 78; key[3] = 75; key[4] = -96; key[5] = 125; key[6] = 66; key[7] = 125; key[8] = -95; key[9] = -66; key[10] = 114; key[11] = 22; key[12] = 48; key[13] = 111; key[14] = -51; key[15] = 112; } void DecryptFile(const char* sourceFileName, const char* destFileName) { ifstream ifs(sourceFileName, ios::in | ios::binary); ofstream ofs(destFileName, ios::out | ios::binary); byte key[CryptoPP::AES::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH]; InitKey(key); CryptoPP::ECB_Mode<CryptoPP::AES>::Decryption decryptor(key, sizeof(key)); if (ifs) { if (ofs) { CryptStreamBuffer cryptBuf(ifs, decryptor); std::istream decrypt(&cryptBuf); int c; while (EOF != (c = decrypt.get())) { ofs << (char)c; } ofs.flush(); } else { std::cerr << "Failed to open file '" << destFileName << "'." << endl; } } else { std::cerr << "Failed to open file '" << sourceFileName << "'." << endl; } } void EncryptFile(const char* sourceFileName, const char* destFileName) { ifstream ifs(sourceFileName, ios::in | ios::binary); ofstream ofs(destFileName, ios::out | ios::binary); byte key[CryptoPP::AES::DEFAULT_KEYLENGTH]; InitKey(key); CryptoPP::ECB_Mode<CryptoPP::AES>::Encryption encryptor(key, sizeof(key)); if (ifs) { if (ofs) { CryptStreamBuffer cryptBuf(ofs, encryptor); std::ostream encrypt(&cryptBuf); int c; while (EOF != (c = ifs.get())) { encrypt << (char)c; } encrypt.flush(); } else { std::cerr << "Failed to open file '" << destFileName << "'." << endl; } } else { std::cerr << "Failed to open file '" << sourceFileName << "'." << endl; } } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { EncryptFile(argv[1], "encrypted.out"); DecryptFile("encrypted.out", "decrypted.out"); return 0; }

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  • Good design of mapping Java Domain objects to Tables (using Hibernate)

    - by M. McKenzie
    Hey guys, I have a question that is more in the realm of design, than implementation. I'm also happy for anyone to point out resources for the answer and I'll gladly, research for myself. Highly simplified Java and SQL: Say I have a business domain POJO called 'Picture' with three attributes. class Picture int idPicture String fileName long size Say I have another business domain POJO called "Item" with 3 attributes Class Item int idItem String itemName ArrayList itemPictures These would be a normal simple relationship. You could say that 'Picture' object, will never exist outside an 'Item' object. Assume a picture belongs only to a specific item, but that an item can have multiple pictures Now - using good database design (3rd Normal Form), we know that we should put items and pictures in their own tables. Here is what I assume would be correct. table Item int idItem (primary key) String itemName table Picture int idPicture (primary key) varchar(45) fileName long size int idItem (foreign key) Here is my question: If you are making Hibernate mapping files for these objects. In the data design, your Picture table needs a column to refer to the Item, so that a foreign key relation can be maintained. However,in your business domain objects - your Picture does not hold a reference/attribute to the idItem - and does not need to know it. A java Picture instance is always instantiated inside an Item instance. If you want to know the Item that the Picture belongs to you are already in the correct scope. Call myItem.getIdItem() and myItem.getItemPictures(),and you have the two pieces of information you need. I know that Hibernate tools have a generator that can auto make your POJO's from looking at your database. My problem stems from the fact that I planned out the data design for this experiment/project first. Then when I went to make the domain java objects, I realized that good design dictated that the objects hold other objects in a nested way. This is obviously different from the way that a database schema is - where all objects(tables) are flat and hold no other complex types within them. What is a good way to reconcile this? Would you: (A) Make the hibernate mapping files so that Picture.hbm.xml has a mapping to the POJO parent's idItem Field (if it's even possible) (B) Add an int attribute in the Picture class to refer to the idItem and set it at instantiation, thus simplifying the hbm.xml mapping file by having all table fields as local attributes in the class (C) Fix the database design because it is wrong, dork. I'd truly appreciate any feedback

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  • writing to a file in nasm using system calls

    - by yurib
    As part of an assignment I'm supposed to write to a file using system calls. Everything works fine except when I try to open the file in gedit (linux), it says it can't identify the character encoding. Notepad (on windows) opens the file just fine. Why doesn't it work on linux ? here's the code: section .text global _start _start: mov EAX, 8 mov EBX, filename mov ECX, 0700 int 0x80 mov EBX, EAX mov EAX, 4 mov ECX, text mov EDX, textlen int 0x80 mov EAX, 6 int 0x80 mov eax, 1 int 0x80 section .data filename db "./output.txt", 0 text db "hello world", 0 textlen equ $ - text thanks :)

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