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• ipv6 with KVM on debian

  - by Eliasdx

  I have trouble setting up IPV6 on my Proxmox (KVM) server: My ISP sent me this information(xxx=placeholder): IPs: 2a01:XXX:XXX:301:: /64 Gateway: 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 /59 This is the interface setup on the host server: auto vmbr1 iface vmbr1 inet static address 178.XX.XX.4 broadcast 178.XX.XX.63 netmask 255.255.255.192 pointopoint 178.XX.XX.1 gateway 178.XX.XX.1 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 iface vmbr1 inet6 static address 2a01:XXX:XXX:301::2 netmask 64 up ip -6 route add 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 down ip -6 route del 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 up ip -6 route add default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 down ip -6 route del default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 On the guest: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 178.xx.xx.47 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 178.xx.xx.63 gateway 178.xx.xx.1 pointopoint 178.xx.xx.1 iface eth0 inet6 static pre-up modprobe ipv6 address 2a01:XXX:XXX:301::2:2 netmask 64 up ip -6 route add 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev eth0 down ip -6 route del 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev eth0 up ip -6 route add default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev eth0 down ip -6 route del default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev eth0 Ipv4 works on both host and guest but Ipv6 only works "sometimes". It's up for minutes and then down again until I change something. However I can actually ping the host and the guest from both host and guest. host:~# ip -6 neigh 2a01:XXX:XXX:301::100:2 dev vmbr1 lladdr 00:50:56:00:00:e0 REACHABLE 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 lladdr 00:26:88:76:18:18 router STALE host:~# ip -6 route 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 metric 1024 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 2a01:XXX:XXX:301::/64 dev vmbr1 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev vmbr0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev vmbr1 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev tap101i1d0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 metric 1024 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 Does someone know why it isn't working? And is there a way to configure multiple v6 IPs from the same subnet so I can dedicate IPs to websites on a server with multiple virtualhosts?

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• Trouble in Team Viewer VPN Connection

  - by Sumit Pal

  I have completed initial vpn connection setup. It has connected. I have tested with ping and it is ok. My problem is, when I want to start file transfer in VPN it asks for username & password. So what is the user name? I have tried giving Computer-Name/User-Name. I have found my Computer Name by going to Control Panel/System/ & clicking 'Computer Name' tab & username from user accounts or it is shown when I login in windows account (Please correct me if the above procedure is wrong). But what is the password? I have tried giving the account password but it always give 'The username or password is incorrect.' My Question: How to find the username & password? For Information: a) I have Team Viewer 7 installed in one Windows XP PC & one Windows 8 PC. I like to create a secure connection between these two PCs. b) The two PCs are connected in the same local network via a router. Please ask if you need additional information.

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• Technology mash: is this possible?

  - by Jon Story

  I'm in the process of setting up my own DNS+hosting on a couple of VPS and my home machines, mostly for academic/learning purposes, but also for convenient accessing of my files, hosting my personal websites, private git repositories etc. I've got a main web server with DNS, and a slave DNS server. I've also got a couple of machines at home doing file hosting, video streaming and all that fun stuff. I'm intending to use my VPS's to provide myself with a dynamic DNS system so that I can point mydomain.com at my DNS servers, with home.mydomain.com going into my home network via a raspberry pi. HOWEVER.... I've not got access to the network infrastructure at home (rented accommodation with managed internet), so I can't forward the ports on the router to my own machines. As such, I'm wondering if it's possible to route all the traffic via an SSH/HTTP tunnel through one of the VPS? My plan is to have the raspberry pi provide a VPN into my home network. The raspberry pi uses SSH to connect to the VPS, and the VPS forwards any traffic to home.mydomain.com via the tunnel to the raspberry pi. Is this even possible, and how do I go about it? I don't mind getting my hands dirty with coding and low level tools, I'm just not sure where to start or what the best way to go about it is.

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• Route return traffic to correct gateway depending on service

  - by Marnix van Valen

  On my office network I have two internet connections and one CentOS server running a website (HTTPS on port 443). The website should be publicly accessible through the public IP of the first internet connection (ISP-1). The other internet connection, ISP-2, id the default gateway on the network. Both internet connections have routers (the household-kind) with NAT, SPI firewalls etc. The router on ISP-2 is a Netgear WNDR3700 (aka N600) with original firmware. The problem is that the website is unreachable. Looks like incoming traffic on ISP-1 will reach the server but the returning traffic is routed through ISP-2, effectively making the site unreachable. As far as I can tell I can't do port based routing on the WNDR3700. What are my options to make this work? I've been looking at implementing an iptables / routing based solution on the server itself but haven't been able to make that work. Update: Note that the server has one network interface connecting it to both routers.

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• ipv6 with KVM on debian

  - by Eliasdx

  I have trouble setting up IPV6 on my Proxmox (KVM) server: My ISP sent me this information(xxx=placeholder): IPs: 2a01:XXX:XXX:301:: /64 Gateway: 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 /59 This is the interface setup on the host server: auto vmbr1 iface vmbr1 inet static address 178.XX.XX.4 broadcast 178.XX.XX.63 netmask 255.255.255.192 pointopoint 178.XX.XX.1 gateway 178.XX.XX.1 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 iface vmbr1 inet6 static address 2a01:XXX:XXX:301::2 netmask 64 up ip -6 route add 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 down ip -6 route del 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 up ip -6 route add default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 down ip -6 route del default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 On the guest: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 178.xx.xx.47 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast 178.xx.xx.63 gateway 178.xx.xx.1 pointopoint 178.xx.xx.1 iface eth0 inet6 static pre-up modprobe ipv6 address 2a01:XXX:XXX:301::2:2 netmask 64 up ip -6 route add 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev eth0 down ip -6 route del 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev eth0 up ip -6 route add default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev eth0 down ip -6 route del default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev eth0 Ipv4 works on both host and guest but Ipv6 only works "sometimes". It's up for minutes and then down again until I change something. However I can actually ping the host and the guest from both host and guest. host:~# ip -6 neigh 2a01:XXX:XXX:301::100:2 dev vmbr1 lladdr 00:50:56:00:00:e0 REACHABLE 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 lladdr 00:26:88:76:18:18 router STALE host:~# ip -6 route 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 metric 1024 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 2a01:XXX:XXX:301::/64 dev vmbr1 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev vmbr0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev vmbr1 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev tap101i1d0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 default via 2a01:XXX:XXX:300::1 dev vmbr1 metric 1024 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 Does someone know why it isn't working? And is there a way to configure multiple v6 IPs from the same subnet so I can dedicate IPs to websites on a server with multiple virtualhosts?

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• Find slow network nodes between two data centers

  - by 2called-chaos

  I've got a problem with syncing big amount of data between two data centers. Both machines have got a gigabit connection and are not fully occupied but the fastest that I am able to get is something between 6 and 10 Mbit = not acceptable! Yesterday I made some traceroute which indicates huge load on a LEVEL3 router but the problem exists for weeks now and the high response time is gone (20ms instead of 300ms). How can I trace this to find the actual slow node? Thought about a traceroute with bigger packages but will this work? In addition this problem might not be related to one of our servers as there are much higher transmission rates to other servers or clients. Actually office = server is faster than server <= server! Any idea is appreciated ;) Update We actually use rsync over ssh to copy the files. As encryption tends to have more bottlenecks I tried a HTTP request but unfortunately it is just as slow. We have a SLA with one of the data centers. They said they already tried to change the routing because they say this is related to a cheap network where the traffic gets routed through. It is true that it will route through a "cheapnet" but only the other way around. Our direction goes through LEVEL3 and the other way goes through lambdanet (which they said is not a good network). If I got it right (I'm a network intermediate) they simulated a longer path to force routing through LEVEL3 and they announce LEVEL3 in the AS path. I basically want to know if they're right or they're just trying to abdicate their responsibility. The thing is that the problem exists in both directions (while different routes), so I think it is in the responsibility of our hoster. And honestly, I don't believe that there is a DC2DC connection which only can handle 600kb/s - 1,5 MB/s for weeks! The question is how to detect WHERE this bottleneck is

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• Wireless card overheating?

  - by Sidney

  Ok, so I've had my laptop for several years (I wanna say 4, but possibly more), it's a Toshiba Satellite. I'm running Linux mint 15, and am having a strange new issue, after several hours of running my wireless stops. It can SEE wireless networks, but refuses to connect to any of them. (On a sidenote, connecting to a router with a cable at this point works fine) The fact that it can SEE the networks make me think the card is in good condition, and it's software related The fact that it works for several hours before booting me makes me think perhaps the transmitter is getting too hot. I don't use my laptop in dusty environments, and keep it on an elevated surface (alternatively, I actively try not to let it sit on soft surfaces where the vents get covered). I spray out the cpu fan about once a year with compressed air about once a year, so I really don't think the insides should be too dirty. Finally, unfortunately, sensors only gives me CPU temps, but they run about 40-50 degrees C, which from my understanding is perfectly normal for an I3. Does anyone have any suggestions on what I can do to determine the root cause of this?

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• Windows 7: Wi-Fi connection drops intermittently - only returns after "Troubleshoot connection" resets the adapter

  - by sleske

  On our laptop (running Windows 7) the Wi-Fi connection drops intermittently. Symptoms: Connectivity is suddenly lost, and the "signal strenght" indicator in the tray shows zero strength and a yellow "star" symbol. What happens then: The problem does not resolve itself by just waiting. If I click on the tray icon, the "Windows network diagnostics" wizard pops up and tells me that there is a networking problem (duh). If I click on the "repair" button (not sure about the wording), the wizard works for a while, then reports that it has reset the network adapter. Then Wi-Fi works again. While the above procedure has worked every time so far, it is very annoying. It takes 10-20s to repair the connection, and in the meantime downloads, video streams etc. may have been aborted. Some more details: The problem occurs without any apparent regularity, but usually a few minutes after powerup (though not every time). It happens frequently enough to be annoying. It is unlikely to be a router problem - another laptop running at the same time usually has no Wi-Fi problems. I am at a loss about what to try to troubleshoot this. Any ideas? Computer: Acer Aspire 7739Z. Wi-Fi card: Atheros AR5B125

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• Problem connecting to remote network using demand-dial VPN interface with Windows Server 2003

  - by Mike Forman

  I have a Windows 2003 server (SP2) that I'm trying to set up route traffic from my local network using a VPN My local network has the following components: Broadband router (192.168.0.1) Windows Server with a single NIC running RRAS (192.168.0.2 def. gateway = 192.168.0.1) Client Machine (192.168.0.3 def. gateway = 192.168.0.1) Using a VPN connection, I am trying to access a remote machine (10.0.0.1 for example) I configured RRAS with a demand-dial interface for the VPN and set it to be a persistent connection. As part of that setup, a static route to 10.0.0.0 (255.255.0.0) was created. When at the console of the server, I can ping 10.0.0.1 with no problems I added a route on the client machine using the following command: ROUTE ADD 10.0.0.0 MASK 255.255.0.0 192.168.0.2 If I run tracert 10.0.0.1 from the client, the first hop is to 192.168.0.2 which tells me that route is working. However, I cannot ping 10.0.0.1 from the client machine. What am I missing? Hopefully something simple.

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• Setting Remote Desktop to allows IPv6 connections

  - by Garrett

  Setup: Basically I have 3 machines (2 virtual and 1 physical) that I would like to be able to RDP in to from outside my NAT (a router). The VMs are Windows 7 and Windows XP, both fully patched with Teredo installed and working, both running in VirtualBox (their host also has Teredo working, though I'm not sure if that matters). They both have bridged network adapters with promiscuous mode enabled. The physical machine is Windows 7 fully patched with an HFS server running on it and a dynamic DNS set up for my public IPv4 address and port forwarded. It also has Teredo installed and working. Symptoms: According to http://test-ipv6.com/ all 3 have public IPv6 addresses, and they can all connect to http://ipv6.google.com/. I can ping the XP VM from the host it's running on but I cannot ping it from any other machine. Also, I cannot ping either of the other machines from anywhere. I cannot connect to any of them over RDP from IPv6, however I can connect to all of them through IPv4. Any ideas what is going wrong?

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• Trouble with Russian pc's on my wifi

  - by hogni89

  I have created a WiFi hotspot for the local community. The problem is, some Russian PC's (Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7) can't get internet connection (We have a lot of bypassing russian fishing vessels / cargo ships). The pc's obtain a valid IP address, and some of them can even manage to send some few packages - But none of them are usable on the network. They all say "Limited internet access" or "???????????? ?????? ? ????????". The thing these PC's have in common is, that they all run a Russian installation of Windows. No one else has problems with the WiFi hotspot - Danish and English Windows, Linux and OS X all work like a charm. Can it be, that there is a difference between the danish / english windows installation, compared to the Russian installation? EDIT START They can't ping the router (One PC got one response - ONCE), they can't access any sites and Windows newer asks "Is this network public, home or work?". EDIT END PS: The hotspot is a airMAX rocket M from Ubiquiti Networks, Inc (www.ubnt.com)

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• HTTP request hangs for for exactly 150 seconds, then gives incomplete response. How do I find out wh

  - by Nathan

  I am hosting a Wordpress blog, and having a strange problem. When I connect to the server (http://71.65.199.125/ at the time of this writing) it displays the Title correctly, and half of a download bar, indicating it has received some of the page, then it hangs for exactly 150 seconds (timed it twice), then it sends the rest of the page, but without the stylesheet. after that it hangs indefinitely, continuing to say "connecting..." without making any progress. If you have any clues as to what might be happening, or how I could print debug logs of PHP or something to see what it is looking for during that hang time that would probably help. recent changed I have made: switched wordpress themes, however I did see it work once with the new theme. moved the server to another building, with an identical ISP, and linksys router forwarding setup. I have also added a favicon.gif file to /var/www but without linking to it from any of the wordpress pages. I have also had a unanticipated power interruption. System info: Ubuntu debian 9.04 Apache2 PHP 5 Wordpress 2.9.2 Thank you

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• Track kids browsing history even when they know how to clear it manually

  - by Darren Newton

  I have a colleague with two teenage boys (yes, cue cliche's about 'I have this friend see...') He's currently having issues with them browsing pr0n and wants to do a little spying on their browsing (I'm staying clear of the philosophies/ethics on this.) The kids are savvy enough to clear their browsing history when they're done. As I'm his goto for IT he has asked me if there is a way to keep a hold of the browsing history. The family uses Macs, and the kids surf with Safari. I know that browsing history is kept here ~/Library/Safari/History.plist. I figure there should be a way to write either an AppleScript or other script (Python/Ruby/Bash) that can backup this file to a different location (/opt/local/history, etc.) Since the kids know to clear their history when they're done should the file be periodically backed up with something similar to a cron job or something like Hazel? While that could work it seems like it would create a ton of little incremental backups. Or is it possible to 'watch' ~/Library/Safari/History.plist and incrementally add changes to a backup file (saving a diff so to speak) but not lose any data? Any ideas/solutions appreciated. UPDATE/EDIT: Got the word from concerned dad that the oldest uses Firefox on a different PC, so the OpenDNS solution (preferably at the router level) is the best answer so far as it would capture usage for the whole house.

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• Windows 7 ICS client web failure

  - by n8wrl

  I have several windows 7 PC's connected on a LAN via a hub. One has a Verizon 3G connection and works great. I have internet connection sharing enabled on it, which automagically set the LAN connection to 192.168.137.1 and enabled DHCP. I am trying to get the client PC's working one at a time. The others are off. The client is able to: Get an IP via DHCP with correct settings. Ping any web address I can throw at it, so DNS and routing are working. Windows update works. But web sites hang in IE. All but google.com! I type www.msn.com, microsoft.com, amazon.com, etc. etc. All ping via a cmd window but IE just hangs - it says web site found but the green progress bar just slowly creeps and no content displays. www.google.com comes up even after clearing browser and dns cache. I am pulling my hair out - what am I missing? EDIT: After some more gyrations with a router I'm back to ICS. Same symptoms, only now I have an answer to Andrew's question, YES I can do Google searches but clicking on any of the result links hangs! Let one sit for half an hour with no timeout or error.

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• ssh works fine when using public interface, but slow when using private interface

  - by Kevin M

  My Linux(UbuntuEEE) to Linux(CentOS) ssh takes a long time to log in(~15 seconds) when using the private interface, but not when using the public one. I have a Linux box acting as my router. As such, it has multiple interfaces(75.xxx.xxx.xxx, 192.168.1.1). I can ssh in from the internal interface(192.168.1.65 to .1), but it will take a while. I can ssh into the public address, and it goes quickly(~1 second). I have another box that I can ssh into the inside interface from and it goes quickly. iptables is set to accept packets coming into the interface immediately. sshd's UseDNS is normally on; I get the same problem if I turn it off and restart sshd. I normally use public-key authentication; I have done a mv ~/.ssh/ ~/ssh/ and it will ask me for a password after going slowly. After logging in(using either interface), speed is quick. ssh client version(via ssh -v):OpenSSH_4.7p1 Debian-8ubuntu1.2, OpenSSL 0.9.8g 19 Oct 2007 ssh server version(via rpm -qv openssh_server):openssh-server-4.3p2-29.el5

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• Logitech Performance MX Mouse Jumps on OS X Lion (10.7.4)

  - by Adam Thompson

  I have a Logitech MX Revolution wireless mouse that I am trying to use with OS X Lion. Everything is working except for one problem... there is a small, but quite noticeable, jump when the mouse cursor is moved. The problem is mostly prevalent when dragging and dropping files or trying to highlight items. It makes performing any task with the mouse accurately next to impossible. I did quite a bit of looking and found that all kinds of people have had mouse issues with OS X. I've tried all of the following with absolutely no success: Using the official drivers from Logitech (these performed worse than the default mouse drivers in OS X) Using SteerMouse as a third party mouse driver. This worked ever so slightly better than the default driver, but still suffered quite frequently from the skipping problem Cleaning the sensor on the mouse and ensuring it's not the result of the surface that it's being used on. Tested the mouse on a Windows machine. The mouse worked absolutely flawlessly on the other machine. Changed the channel that my wireless router operates on by the off chance my problems were the result of interference. This also had no effect. I can't think of anything else that could possibly interfere with the mouse. I'm am out of ideas on what to try, so I would really appreciate if anyone has any suggestions. I should also mention that an old wired mouse I had laying around worked just fine when I plugged it in. This really isn't the best solution, however, as I really prefer the MX Revolution.

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• Sparc Solaris 2.6 will not boot

  - by joshxdr

  I have a very old Sparc Solaris network that was working fine last week, but after a power outage none of the workstations will boot. The network looks like this: host A: solaris 2.6, shares /export/home to network by NFS host B: solaris 8, runs NIS server. Mounts /export/home/ by NFS. host C: RHEL5, shares /share to network by NFS. Mounts /export/home/ by NFS. I figured that the main problem was host A, since you need the home directories available for the other workstations to boot(?). Host A does not mount anything by NFS as far as I know. However, this workstation will NOT boot. The OBP bootup sequence looks like this: Boot device <blah> configuring network interface le0 Hostname <hostname> check file system <everything ok> check ufs filesystem <everything ok> NIS domainname is <name> starting router discovery starting rpc services: rpcbind keyserv ypbind done setting default interface for multicast: add net 224.0.0.0: gateway <hostname> <HANGS at this point> Is there some kind of debug mode so that I can get more detail as to why the workstation won't boot? Is my network structure inherently susceptible to power outage? Is there a way I can boot up to command line so I can at least turn off the NFS mounting?

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• Having two IP Routes/Gateways of last Resort on an HP Switch

  - by SteadH

  We have an HP Layer 3 Switch that is doing IP routing between vlans. The general set up is that the switch has an IP address on each VLAN and IP routing is enabled. On our servers VLAN, we have a firewall that has a connection to the outside world. To set a IP route on the HP router, we use IOS command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 where 192.168.2.1 is the address of our firewall, and the zeros essentially mean to route all traffic that the switch doesn't know what to do with out the firewall as a gateway. We're in the middle of an ISP and firewall change. I set up the new firewall and ran the IOS command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.254 (the address of the new firewall). Things started working nicely. When I reviewed the configuration of the switch though, I noticed that it did not replace the previous ip route command, but just added another route. Now, I know how to remove the old firewall route (no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1), but what is the effect of having these two 0.0.0.0 routes? Is it switch implosion? Will a server just respond back over the route it receives the request from? I've read elsewhere that having two default gateways is an impossibility by definition, but I'm curious about this situation that our switch allowed. Thanks!

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• TCP dies on a Linux laptop

  - by Roman Cheplyaka

  Once in several days I have the following problem. My laptop (Debian GNU/Linux testing) suddenly becomes unable to work with TCP connections to the internet. The following things continue to work fine: UDP (DNS), ICMP (ping) — I get instant response TCP connections to other machines in the local network (e.g. I can ssh to a neighbour laptop) everything is ok for other machines in my LAN But when I try TCP connections from my laptop, they time out (no response to SYN packets). Here's a typical curl output: % curl -v google.com * About to connect() to google.com port 80 (#0) * Trying 173.194.39.105... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.110... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.97... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.102... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.98... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.96... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.103... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.99... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.101... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.104... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.100... * Timeout * Trying 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009... * Failed to connect to 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009: Network is unreachable * Success * couldn't connect to host * Closing connection #0 curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009: Network is unreachable Restarting the connection and/or reloading the network card kernel module doesn't help. The only thing that helps is reboot. Clearly something is wrong with my system (everything else works fine), but I have no idea what exactly. I don't know how to reproduce this, but as I said, it happens every several days. My setup is a wireless router that is connected to the ISP via PPPoE. Any advice?

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• sbs-server with 2 nics and 2 connections to the internet with different providers not working as it

  - by erik-van-gorp

  We have the following configuration : A sbs-2003 server in a domain (mydomain.com) with 2 network cards, each connected to a different network (provider), with different gateways, one for web and one for mail and clients. (we do this because the bandwitdh we get from our providers is too small to handle all the mail(+spam) traffic and webservices, so we took 2 providers) DNS is as follows : www.mydomain.com 1.2.3.4 mail.mydomain.com 5.6.7.8 NIC 1(192.168.1.3) is connected to to the internet through a firewall at 192.168.1.1, having wan address 1.2.3.4 NIC 2(10.0.0.3) is connected to to the internet through a firewall at 10.0.0.1, having wan address 5.6.7.8 Both nics have their default gateway installed at their corresponding routers. Also the metrics are set equal. (i know this isn't a supported config, but it works more or less). In this configuration i can use RDP on both wan adresses, and telnet to port 25 works as well on both. The issue now is that since a few weeks , we get regular disconnections, and website hickups(timeouts), several per hour. If we set one router to a higher metric, that route no longer works. In short, I want the mails to route through NIC2 and the web through NIC1. Any better configuration (without installing a second mail server) ?

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• Ping with explicit next-hop selection (aka Monitoring multiple default gateways)

  - by Michuelnik

  I have a linux (debian) router with two internet connections (A) and (B). (A) is preferred, (B) is fallback. I want to monitor the internet connection (and not only the availability of the gateways!) and change the default route appropriately. If (A) is not providing internet, switch to (B) If (A) is providing internet again, switch back to (A). Only problem I have is in case (2). My routing table points towards a working internet so I cannot easily detect whether internet is working over link (A) again. I am search for a ping or traceroute (or other diagnosis-tool) which can select the next-hop explicitly. ping -r looks promising, but can only ping a host on the lan. (It only has to write another destination address in the packet, damnit!) traceroute -g gateway looks even more promising and nearly does what I want - but sets source routing options which my next-hops deny. (Not within my administrative boundary...) I just want a $ping, that can: select a source interface (and address) select a next-hop on that interface ping any arbitrary ip address I could do evil trickery with policy-based routing but that would have production impact for all users. I would like to see a side-effect-free solution....

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• How do you avoid that server documentation gets out of sync with the actual setup?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I'm a hobbyist maintaining a small FreeBSD server serving mail via IMAP - it's an exercise in server administration. The setup does have reasonably good documentation (in AsciiDoc format) which recently allowed another person to recreate the entire setup from scratch in less than 30 minutes. However, I noticed that after the initial setup, it easily happens that small changes done to the system (say: inetd gets disabbled, my IMAP server listens on an additional port for ManageSieve connections, a new router is added to the exim configuration) don't end up in the documentation immediately (if at all). My idea was to avoid this problem by (partially?) generating the documentation out of the configuration files and the comments therein - one way to implement this may be to put /etc and /usr/local/etc into some source code management system (say - git) and then run a script which regenerates the documentation on every commit. However, I'm not sure whether that would be overkill and/or too difficult to get right (after all, I don't want complete copies of the source files in my documentation but rather just the diffs). How do other people avoid that the server documentation gets outdated - is there a good way to keep them in sync automatically, or do you just have the discipline to update the documentation the same time you modify the system?

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• Discover the public ip of a network without being connected

  - by Martin Trigaux

  Let say, I'm next to a network and can see the traffic (with airodump or similar tool) but can not decipher it (because I am not connected on the network). Is it possible to discover the public ip address of the network ? I know the MAC address of the users connected on the network but do I know the one of the router ? If yes, maybe there is a way to do the matching. I know IP addresses are not forever but some addresses are static and never change. Maybe there is a database of MAC address having recorded that. Google has a database that match MAC address and geographical coordinates so why not with IP addresses ? Other idea, if I know where am I, I can maybe guess the IP range used in the city by the ISP (is it findable ?) and then try to "ping" each IP on the range (if it is a /24, it's possible, even /16 maybe). Will I get some information like the MAC of the box or see some traffic on the network ? These are two ideas I had. I don't know if they are doable, certainly not perfect. Do you think of some others ? By trying several methods, maybe I can get a guess with a bit of luck. Thank you

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• Puzzling TCP performance over 3G / UMTS

  - by lemonsqueeze

  I'm using 3G as my primary internet connection, and TCP over this thing is getting more puzzling every day. For example: Downloading from kernel.org is crazy fast: $wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.0/linux-3.6.8.tar.bz2 increases to ~500kB/s after a few secs ! Some servers are incredibly slow, for instance www.graphic-pc.com:Same thing, downloading a big file with wget it starts at ~30kB/s for a split second, then collapses to 5-10k or even worse. Web browsing is decent but somewhat unreliable. Randomly, a page will take really long to load or even fail to load, but a reload can succeed almost immediately. Now, by chance i started playing with OpenVPN over UDP on top of the 3G connection, and OMG suddenly everything's extremely fast !Same www.graphic-pc.com now shoots at 100-200kB/s ! What's going on here ??? How come it is so much better with the VPN than without ?? And why does graphic-pc.com crawl when kernel.org flies ?Something to do with my tcp stack (or the server), or some buggy router in between ?? Notes: Setup is laptop running Ubuntu Lucid and a Huawei 3G dongle (So direct pppd connection). I can reproduce this pretty much any time during the day and I'm not moving, so it's clearly not cell environment or internet congestion. (although kernel.org without VPN sometimes does worse in the evening, 60kB or so - but still 500kB with VPN !) For 2) wireshark shows retransmitted packets, dup ack's, even out of order sometimes. I've tried playing with different /proc/sys/net/ipv4 parameters (tcp_rmem, window_scaling, tcp_congestion...) doesn't seem to make a difference. Update: Tried under windows 7 (no VPN) with some interesting results: tcp settings : default tcp_optimizer kernel.org : 10 kB/s 20 kB/s graphic-pc.com: 8 kB/s 70 kB/s ! tcp_optimizer turned on ctcp among other things. Have to check what os graphic-pc.com is running, my bet is linux's tcp_westwood and ms ctcp don't mix well here...

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• Raspberry pi slows down my entire network

  - by gnusouth

  Whenever my Raspberry Pi is connected to the network (via ethernet) the entire network is slowed to a crawl. On my main computer, ping times for google.com go from ~10ms to ~200ms and it takes forever to load web pages. Connections are also slow on the Pi, with an apt-get update showing pathetic speeds in the order of 1KB/s. Turning off the Pi completely removes the drag from the network. I've tried static and dynamic IP addresses for the Pi, but both have the same problems. I'm currently using Raspbian (downloaded today), but also had this problem with Arch Linux. I've checked the connection's duplex with dmesg | grep -i duplex, which shows that the Pi's connection is running at 100Mbps, full-duplex, as expected. My modem/router is a Billion 7404VNPX (an Australian thing); relatively high-end, albeit a bit buggy at times (it will occassionally delete all its firewall settings). It assigns IPs in the range 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.20 and has 192.168.1.254 as its own IP. When I assign static IPs I tend to use the 192.168.1.200 area. Does anyone have any idea as to what could be causing this weird slowdown? Or any tests I could try? Thanks

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