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• How to convert ext3 partition to use encrypted file system without loosing data?

  - by User1

  My embedded Linux device have 2 partitions: small root partition containing OS. big data partition which uses ext3 I want to encrypt the data partition by using encrypted file system. I don't want loose any data of the partition. Size of the root partition is too small to hold all data of the data partition. It is not possible to use any external data storage. Is there any tools that can convert filesystem of the data partition from ext3 to encrypted fs without copying all files to other place?

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• zfs rename/move root filesystem into child

  - by Anton

  Similar question exists but the solution (using mv) is awful because in this case it works as "copy, then remove" rather than pure "move". So, I created a pool: zpool create tank /dev/loop0 and rsynced my data from another storage in there directly so that my data is now in /tank. zfs list NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT tank 591G 2.10T 591G /tank Now I've realized that I need my data to be in a child filesystem, not in /tank filesystem directly. So how do I move or rename the existing root filesystem so that it becomes a child within the pool? Simple rename won't work: zfs rename tank tank/mydata cannot rename to 'tank/mydata': datasets must be within same pool (Btw, why does it complain the datasets are not within same pool when if fact I only have one pool?) I know there are solutions that involve copying all the data (mv, or sending the whole dataset to another device and back), but shouldn't there be a simple elegant way? Just noting that I do not care of snapshots at this stage (there are none yet to care of).

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• please explain my fio results - is O_SYNC|O_DIRECT misbehaving on linux?

  - by Zoltan

  I'm going mad over figuring out what the problem could be with one of our storage boxes. With a simple fio script I'm testing random writes using bs=1M and direct=1. The SSD is a Samsung 840pro attached to an LSI HBA (3Gbit/s ports). This is the result I'm getting under FreeBSD 9.1: WRITE: io=13169MB, aggrb=224743KB/s, minb=224743KB/s, maxb=224743KB/s, mint=60002msec, maxt=60002msec This is regardless of sync being set to 0 or 1. On linux, this is the result with sync=0: WRITE: io=14828MB, aggrb=253060KB/s, minb=253060KB/s, maxb=253060KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec and with sync=1: WRITE: io=6360.0MB, aggrb=108542KB/s, minb=108542KB/s, maxb=108542KB/s, mint=60001msec, maxt=60001msec My understanding is that since I'm operating on the raw block device, O_SYNC should not make any difference - there's no filesystem, any barrier, anything between the writes and the drive itself. Especially with O_DIRECT|O_SYNC set. Any ideas? For reference, here's the fio script I'm testing with: [global] bs=1M ioengine=sync iodepth=4 size=16g direct=1 runtime=60 filename=/dev/sdh sync=1 [rand-write] rw=randwrite stonewall

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• How do I protect business critical data against fire?

  - by Bill Knowles

  We have 72 hard drives that contain our webcast inventory. The number is increasing. We're located in a frame building and we are afraid of not only fire, but catastrophic fire. I've priced fireproof safes that hold to the required 125F for hard drives. Their price is through the roof. Seems to me if we made backups of each of the hard drives and stored them off-site somewhere, or contracted with an online backup storage company, we might run up a bill buying backup drives that would approach the $7,000 cost of the safe! What's the best way to protect our data from the risk of fire?

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• How to test TempDB performance?

  - by Matt Penner

  I'm getting some conflicting advice on how to best configure our SQL storage with our current SAN. I would like to do some of my own performance testing with a few different configurations. I looked at using SQLIOSim but it doesn't seem to simulate TempDB. Can anyone recommend a way to test data, log and TempDB performance? What about using a SQL profiler trace file from our production system? How would I use This to run against my test server? Thanks, Matt

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• Solaris Administration Web GUI?

  - by Robert C

  I recently installed Solaris 11 x86 text install (http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solaris11/downloads/index.html?ssSourceSiteId=ocomen) to be used as a file server running ZFS. I noticed that I'm given the bare minimum in terms of packages. Is there an official oracle web GUI for managing ZFS? I ran a netstat and it doesn't appear to have installed any webserver thats listening. I saw something from a couple years ago, but apparently it's not packaged or maintained anymore (https://blogs.oracle.com/talley/entry/manage_zfs_from_your_browser). I tried pkg install network-console, but it says that the package isn't available for my platform. Any ideas? I'd like to stick with Oracle Solaris instead of the open source alternatives, if possible.

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• How to overcome shortcomings in reporting from EAV database?

  - by David Archer

  The major shortcomings with Entity-Attribute-Value database designs in SQL all seem to be related to being able to query and report on the data efficiently and quickly. Most of the information I read on the subject warn against implementing EAV due to these problems and the commonality of querying/reporting for almost all applications. I am currently designing a system where almost all the fields necessary for data storage are not known at design/compile time and are defined by the end-user of the system. EAV seems like a good fit for this requirement but due to the problems I've read about, I am hesitant in implementing it as there are also some pretty heavy reporting requirements for this system as well. I think I've come up with a way around this but would like to pose the question to the SO community. Given that typical normalized database (OLTP) still isn't always the best option for running reports, a good practice seems to be having a "reporting" database (OLAP) where the data from the normalized database is copied to, indexed extensively, and possibly denormalized for easier querying. Could the same idea be used to work around the shortcomings of an EAV design? The main downside I see are the increased complexity of transferring the data from the EAV database to reporting as you may end up having to alter the tables in the reporting database as new fields are defined in the EAV database. But that is hardly impossible and seems to be an acceptable tradeoff for the increased flexibility given by the EAV design. This downside also exists if I use a non-SQL data store (i.e. CouchDB or similar) for the main data storage since all the standard reporting tools are expecting a SQL backend to query against. Do the issues with EAV systems mostly go away if you have a seperate reporting database for querying? EDIT: Thanks for the comments so far. One of the important things about the system I'm working on it that I'm really only talking about using EAV for one of the entities, not everything in the system. The whole gist of the system is to be able to pull data from multiple disparate sources that are not known ahead of time and crunch the data to come up with some "best known" data about a particular entity. So every "field" I'm dealing with is multi-valued and I'm also required to track history for each. The normalized design for this ends up being 1 table per field which makes querying it kind of painful anyway. Here are the table schemas and sample data I'm looking at (obviously changed from what I'm working on but I think it illustrates the point well): EAV Tables Person ------------------- - Id - Name - ------------------- - 123 - Joe Smith - ------------------- Person_Value ------------------------------------------------------------------- - PersonId - Source - Field - Value - EffectiveDate - ------------------------------------------------------------------- - 123 - CIA - HomeAddress - 123 Cherry Ln - 2010-03-26 - - 123 - DMV - HomeAddress - 561 Stoney Rd - 2010-02-15 - - 123 - FBI - HomeAddress - 676 Lancas Dr - 2010-03-01 - ------------------------------------------------------------------- Reporting Table Person_Denormalized ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Id - Name - HomeAddress - HomeAddress_Confidence - HomeAddress_EffectiveDate - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 123 - Joe Smith - 123 Cherry Ln - 0.713 - 2010-03-26 - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Normalized Design Person ------------------- - Id - Name - ------------------- - 123 - Joe Smith - ------------------- Person_HomeAddress ------------------------------------------------------ - PersonId - Source - Value - Effective Date - ------------------------------------------------------ - 123 - CIA - 123 Cherry Ln - 2010-03-26 - - 123 - DMV - 561 Stoney Rd - 2010-02-15 - - 123 - FBI - 676 Lancas Dr - 2010-03-01 - ------------------------------------------------------ The "Confidence" field here is generated using logic that cannot be expressed easily (if at all) using SQL so my most common operation besides inserting new values will be pulling ALL data about a person for all fields so I can generate the record for the reporting table. This is actually easier in the EAV model as I can do a single query. In the normalized design, I end up having to do 1 query per field to avoid a massive cartesian product from joining them all together.

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• Looking for FTP server that allows user management from database

  - by hughesdan

  I'm planning a server application that will handle files uploaded via FTP. The application must parse text documents that it receives and write them to a database (most likely a document-oriented database like Mongo). And the application must also relay all large binary files it receives to Amazon S3 for storage and hosting. I'd like to manage all aspects of the FTP server programmatically. For example, when a user registers via a web page the application should be able to create the user account in the database and provision a directory on the server for receiving files. I'm using a Linux server but am otherwise open to considering any programming language or framework. I experimented with VSFTPD but didn't like the way the application relies on config files and the creation of users and directories via the command line. Can someone please recommend what server framework I should consider? I'm a little biased toward solutions that leverage Javascript/Nodejs or Python. However, I'm open to anything that can run on a Linux box.

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• Will a database server perform better running on 2 CPUs with 16 cores or 4 CPUs with 8 cores?

  - by AlexOdin

  What I have: an online financial application (ASP.NET, C#) at peak we have 5K+ simultaneous users backend is running on Oracle 11g (active server + stand-by using Active Data Guard). At peak - 4K-5K database sessions Oracle is installed on Linux 5.8 (Oracle's unbreakable version) the database size: 7TB disk storage: NetApp (connected with 10GB network) I would like to replace old servers (IT will purchase HP blades BL685C). Servers will have 256GB of RAM. I need your help to figure out what to do with CPUs and cores. Options: 2 CPUs (2.3 GHz) with 16 cores each 4 CPUs (3.0 GHz) with 8 cores each Question: Which one should I pick? P.S. Next year, we will migrate from Oracle to SQL server. I hope, whatever option you recommend will work for both platforms

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• Estimate compressed file size in tar.gz

  - by liori

  I've got a set of .tar.gz files, which are duplicity backup files (either full backups or incremental ones). I'd like to compute which directories take the most space on backups. This will most probably be a different figure to calculating which directories take the most space on a live filesystem because I need to account for how often are files changing (and therefore taking space on incremental backups) and how compressible are files. I know that while many other archive formats store compressed files as different entities inside the archive file, .tar.gz files do not, and therefore it is impossible to get an exact amount of storage taken in the archive by a single file after compression. Are there any tools to calculate at least some estimates?

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• How do I built a DIY NAS?

  - by Kaushik Gopal

  I'm looking for good, detailed instructions on how to build a DIY NAS (Network Access Storage). I'm planning on doing it cheap (old PC config + open source software). I would like to know: What hardware I need to built one What kind of hard-drive setup I should take (like RAID) Or any other relevant hardware related advices (power supply, motherboard etc...) What software I should run on it, both what OS and software to manage the contents effectively So the NAS is recognizable and accessible to my network I can make sure my Windows computers will recognize it (when using Linux distro's) I can access my files from outside my network I already did a fair bit of searching and found these links, but while these links are great they delve more on the hardware side. I'm looking for more instructions in the software side. Ubuntu Setting up a Home NAS DIY NAS Smackdown How to Configure an $80 File Server in 45 Minutes FreeNAS Build a NAS Device With an Old PC and Free Software Build Your Own NAS Device

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• How to create a readonly root linux: Can be mounted as writeable for persistent changes?

  - by Mr Anderson

  I'd like a read only file system that runs almost entirely in RAM but the compact flash or hardrive can be mounted and made writeable to make persistent changes. How do I do this on Linux? I've looked at several tutorials but none really explain how to create such a system with the option of being able to mount the storage device and make persistent changes. I looked at this so far: http://chschneider.eu/linux/thin_client/ I also looked on the old gentoo wiki but the article was very specific to Gentoo. I'll be using a debian based Linux but it would be nice I've someone could explain to me how to do this in pretty generic instructions ,that would work on any Linux distro. Thanks.

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• Ignoring GET parameters in Varnish VCL

  - by JamesHarrison

  Okay: I've got a site set up which has some APIs we expose to developers, which are in the format /api/item.xml?type_ids=34,35,37&region_ids=1000002,1000003&key=SOMERANDOMALPHANUM In this URI, type_ids is always set, region_ids and key are optional. The important thing to note is that the key variable does not affect the content of the response. It is used for internal tracking of requests so we can identify people who make slow or otherwise unwanted requests. In Varnish, we have a VCL like this: if (req.http.host ~ "the-site-in-question.com") { if (req.url ~ "^/api/.+\.xml") { unset req.http.cookie; } } We just strip cookies out and let the backend do the rest as far as times are concerned (this is a hackaround since Rails/authlogic sends session cookies with API responses). At present though, any distinct developers are basically hitting different caches since &key=SOMEALPHANUM is considered as part of the Varnish hash for storage. This is obviously not a great solution and I'm trying to work out how to tell Varnish to ignore that part of the URI.

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• Is using Capistrano for user maintenance tasks on university lab feasible?

  - by danielkza

  I've been looking around for tools to replace some legacy scripts for creating and maintaining accounts in a university computer lab ecosystem consisting of things like: LDAP and Kerberos for authentication User home storage and web pages Entries on an SQL database Printing quotas Mailing lists, etc. I'd also like to automate machine and VM membership for Kerberos and Puppet if possiible. I've found Capistrano, and while the basic principle of running tasks on remote hosts through SSH seems to fit, and the DSL in Ruby looks quite nice, I've found most documentation is related to application deployment, not generic tasks. I'm also not aware of any good way to parameterize tasks so I can pass on the user information for creation. Is something about Capistrano I am missing, or is it not the correct tool for this job? Are there any more userful alternatives?

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• Which is the most independent and secure email service? [closed]

  - by Rafal

  I'm looking for a provider with a secure transfer protocol (like https) Secured (as much as it is possible) from being hacked or spied on. One that won't scan my email in order to display more accurate ads. One that won't sell my personal information. One that won't disclose my emails to some sort of government (it probably must be based outside of US or Chinese jurisdiction I reckon) Encrypted if possible. It can be simple and without huge storage. If you know/use any similar service I would be really grateful if you could point me there. Cheerz

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• Dual monitor webbrowsing with Firefox - Addon that opens links on the other window?

  - by raegadfsgfsdg

  I often browse news aggressors like Reddit.com and I want to be able to have one Firefox window open on each of my two screens, and when I middle click on a link on my left screen, it will open up the tab on my right firefox window. I know that there are some plugins that can open up new windows, but if I do that I'll have to many windows open and I'd rather manage my open news stories via tab bars rather than with windows (clearer, more efficient to browse, and easier to bookmark). Is there a Firefox addon with which I can middle click on a link and it will open it in a new tab in my other window?

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• Links to detailed instructions on building a DIY NAS

  - by Kaushik Gopal

  I'm looking for good links with detailed instructions on how to build a DIY NAS (Network Access Storage). I'm planning on doing it cheap (old PC config + open source software). I did a fair bit of searching and found these links (so please suggest others). Ubuntu Setting up a Home NAS DIY NAS Smackdown How to Configure an $80 File Server in 45 Minutes FreeNAS Build a NAS Device With an Old PC and Free Software Build Your Own NAS Device While these links are great they delve more on the hardware side. I'm looking for more instructions in the software side.

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• How to change default permission for uploaded files in apache with mounted webroot?

  - by faridv

  I have an ubuntu server 11.10 with apache 2.2.20, php 5.3.6 and an installation of Joomla cms. I have used an extra hard disk as my web server storage and mounted it into /data/www/ (I hope it's not where my problem us!). I've set permission of all files and folders in my web root to 755 and user groups for them is set to [default ubuntu user(in my case radio)]:www-data. In past days I had serious problems with joomla not showing new uploaded images and other files and also I can't install any extensions. After hours of searching I found out that uploaded files don't have appropriate permission (they are -rw-------) and Joomla application cannot read, copy or move them after upload. I’m wondering how can I set a default permission so all files that I upload use it? PS: I’ve tested umask but it did nothing. I think it has nothing to do with my problem.

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• Are SANs unreliable?

  - by chaos

  So at the place where I wear one of my various hats, this one representing a development rather than admin role, there's been an initiative to move to SANs. So far, I have been spectacularly unimpressed. First it was this behavior where, when MySQL databases are on the SAN, the first few tables that anything tries to hit after the system boots come up as nonexistent and MySQL has to be restarted before it realizes they're actually there. Then today, on multiple systems (including the primary SVN repository, ever-so-wonderfully) we get SAN mounts spewing IO errors and the filesystems going into read-only, which is the kind of behavior I expect from directly mounted naked disks, not fault-tolerant managed storage. Right now, I'm at the point where if I were putting together a project and somebody said "hey we should use SANs", my response would be "GTFO". So basically I want to know whether my experience is typical or even common, or whether I'm having some kind of freakishly bad luck with SANs. The systems these SANs are attached to are all CentOS machines, if that's relevant.

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• Advanced file compression software for Mac OSX

  - by Steven Roose

  Back when I used Windows, I always used WinRAR for file compression and decompression. It had a fair amount of options like 'just storage' vs 'hard compression', password protection and archive type. Now that I use Mac OSX, the only compression possibility I have is the default Finder's Compress to Zip. I downloaded the most popular decompression software "Unarchiver". But this app can't compress other archive types either. I went for a search but there seem to be hardly any good advanced compression tools that work nice in OSX and have the options WinRAR has. (WinRAR works in OSX but command line only, I'm looking for something with a GUI.) Any ideas? I strongly prefer freeware. I found Archiver and StiffIt, but they are both commercial.

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• Database which only holds indexes and last X records in memory?

  - by Xeoncross

  I'm looking for a data store that is very memory efficient while still allowing many object changes per second and disregarding ACID compliance for the last X records. I need this database for a server with not much memory and I can make a key-value store, document, or SQL database work. The idea is that indexes/keys are the only thing I need in memory and all the actual values/objects/rows can be saved on disk do to the low read rate (I just want index/key lookup to be fast). I also don't want records constantly being flushed to disk, so I would like the last X number of records to be held in memory so that 100 or so of them can all be written at once. I don't care if I lose the last 10 seconds worth of objects/values. I do care if the database as a whole is in danger of becoming corrupt. Is there a data-store like this?

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• I want to change hard drive. How to move system partition with Windows 7?

  - by Semyon Perepelitsa

  I've bought a new hard drive and want to move all my data to it. I had no problem with moving all files on non-system partition. But I don't know how to move system partiton. Now I have 3 partitions on the new disk, fist two was created by Windows installation CD (I tried to move system using internal tools, but it didn't work for me), third is filled with my successfully transferred data from old disk. And there are two partitions on the old disk: the first one is system (Windows 7) and the second one is my old main storage, that I already moved to the new hard drive and now it is empty. How can I change the placement of Windows 7 with minimal difficulties and losses, so I could work on the new hard drive just as I did it on the old one?

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• Innodb : cannot allocate the memory for the buffer pool

  - by mingyeow

  My innodb keeps crashing. This is the error message below. Does anyone know why this keeps happening? InnoDB: by InnoDB 49201616 bytes. Operating system errno: 12 InnoDB: Check if you should increase the swap file or InnoDB: ulimits of your operating system. InnoDB: On FreeBSD check you have compiled the OS with InnoDB: a big enough maximum process size. InnoDB: Note that in most 32-bit computers the process InnoDB: memory space is limited to 2 GB or 4 GB. InnoDB: We keep retrying the allocation for 60 seconds... 0 processes alive and '/usr/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf ping' resulted in /usr/bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)' Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' exists! InnoDB: Fatal error: cannot allocate the memory for the buffer pool [ERROR] Default storage engine (InnoDB) is not available

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• How to copy directories using debugfs?

  - by tjbp

  The debugfs manpage gives the impression that the command 'rdump . .' will recursively copy all files found on the specified filesystem from the debugfs cwd to the native filesystem's cwd. Instead I seem to receive a syntax error, and no copy is initiated? These are the commands I run: cd /path/to/transfer/destination debugfs /dev/sda1 -R rdump . . My task is to copy the entire contents of a clean yet unmountable USB storage device to its host machine's HD. The host machine does not support the inode size used by the USB device's filesystem (256) and its software is not upgradeable, so my intention was to use debugfs to transfer the files. If anyone has any other suggestions for this task I'd be grateful.

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• Moving MODx Files to Other MODx Website

  - by Austin

  I have one website with modx installed to www.website.com/modx/ --- Keep in mind there are other Websites In Progress on this storage server. My issue is that I'm moving all this: templates, template variables, chunks, snippets, etc to another server that already has modx installed in it. My first instinct is to go to phpMyAdmin and export the sql file and import them to the new website's server. However, an error occurred when I attempted to do this. It had found many duplicates in fields that were associated a PK (due to it being the same website just a redesign). I don't have to go and dump the table of the oldsite and then upload the new sql file do i? Please advise.

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