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  • Wireshark WPA 4-way handshake

    - by cYrus
    From this wiki page: WPA and WPA2 use keys derived from an EAPOL handshake to encrypt traffic. Unless all four handshake packets are present for the session you're trying to decrypt, Wireshark won't be able to decrypt the traffic. You can use the display filter eapol to locate EAPOL packets in your capture. I've noticed that the decryption works with (1, 2, 4) too, but not with (1, 2, 3). As far as I know the first two packets are enough, at least for what concern unicast traffic. Can someone please explain exactly how does Wireshark deal with that, in other words why does only the former sequence work, given that the fourth packet is just an acknowledgement? Also, is it guaranteed that the (1, 2, 4) will always work when (1, 2, 3, 4) works? Test case This is the gzipped handshake (1, 2, 4) and an ecrypted ARP packet (SSID: SSID, password: password) in base64 encoding: H4sICEarjU8AA2hhbmRzaGFrZS5jYXAAu3J400ImBhYGGPj/n4GhHkhfXNHr37KQgWEqAwQzMAgx 6HkAKbFWzgUMhxgZGDiYrjIwKGUqcW5g4Ldd3rcFQn5IXbWKGaiso4+RmSH+H0MngwLUZMarj4Rn S8vInf5yfO7mgrMyr9g/Jpa9XVbRdaxH58v1fO3vDCQDkCNv7mFgWMsAwXBHMoEceQ3kSMZbDFDn ITk1gBnJkeX/GDkRjmyccfus4BKl75HC2cnW1eXrjExNf66uYz+VGLl+snrF7j2EnHQy3JjDKPb9 3fOd9zT0TmofYZC4K8YQ8IkR6JaAT0zIJMjxtWaMmCEMdvwNnI5PYEYJYSTHM5EegqhggYbFhgsJ 9gJXy42PMx9JzYKEcFkcG0MJULYE2ZEGrZwHIMnASwc1GSw4mmH1JCCNQYEF7C7tjasVT+0/J3LP gie59HFL+5RDIdmZ8rGMEldN5s668eb/tp8vQ+7OrT9jPj/B7425QIGJI3Pft72dLxav8BefvcGU 7+kfABxJX+SjAgAA Decode with: $ base64 -d | gunzip > handshake.cap Run tshark to see if it correctly decrypt the ARP packet: $ tshark -r handshake.cap -o wlan.enable_decryption:TRUE -o wlan.wep_key1:wpa-pwd:password:SSID It should print: 1 0.000000 D-Link_a7:8e:b4 - HonHaiPr_22:09:b0 EAPOL Key 2 0.006997 HonHaiPr_22:09:b0 - D-Link_a7:8e:b4 EAPOL Key 3 0.038137 HonHaiPr_22:09:b0 - D-Link_a7:8e:b4 EAPOL Key 4 0.376050 ZyxelCom_68:3a:e4 - HonHaiPr_22:09:b0 ARP 192.168.1.1 is at 00:a0:c5:68:3a:e4

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  • Help decrypting in ColdFusion passwords created in .NET

    - by KnightStalker
    I have a SQL db storing passwords that were encrypted through a .NET application, that I need to decrypt through a ColdFusion app. I just can't seem to get things set upproperly for the CF decryption to work. Any help would by appreciated. Thanks. The .NET decryption code is: public string Decrypt(string input) { try { DESCryptoServiceProvider des = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); int ZeroBasedByteCount = (input.Length / 2); //Put the input string into the byte array byte[] inputByteArray = new byte[ZeroBasedByteCount]; int i; int x; for (x = 0;x<ZeroBasedByteCount;x++) { i = (Convert.ToInt32(input.Substring(x * 2, 2), 16)); inputByteArray[x] = (byte)i; } //Create the crypto objects des.Key = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(key); des.IV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(key); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, des.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write); //Flush the data through the crypto stream into the memory stream cs.Write(inputByteArray, 0, inputByteArray.Length); cs.FlushFinalBlock(); //Get the decrypted data back from the memory stream StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder(); foreach(byte b in ms.ToArray()) { ret.Append((char)b); } return ret.ToString(); } catch(Exception ex) { throw(ex); return null; } }

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  • "Downloading" a computed value form JavaScript

    - by Travis Jensen
    I'm hoping you can prove me wrong here (please, please, please! ;). I have a situation where I need to download encrypted data from a Server D (for "Data"). Server K (for "Key") has the encryption key. For security sake, I would really prefer that Server D never know the key that Server K knows. What I want is my client (e.g. your browser) to connect to Server D for the data and Server K for the key and doe the decryption locally so the unencrypted stuff never leaves your computer. I can do this fine for text areas in the dom by replacing the contents of the HTML. However, sometimes, I would like to do larger files that I stream to the file system. For instance, perhaps I want to encrypt a movie and decrypt it and stream the contents to the my video player. I am not a JavaScript guru by any stretch, especially when it comes to the edge cases of things like the security sandbox. For Small D, I can handle the decryption, but I don't know how to save the decrypted file. Large D seems problematic as memory runs out. Anybody have any ideas that don't involve native plugins? Thanks!

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  • Safest way (i.e. HTTPS, POST, PGP) to send decryption keys through the web?

    - by theGreenCabbage
    I am in the final stages of development for my Revit plugin. This plugin is programmed in C#, and distributed via a DLL. One of the DLLs is an encrypted SQLite database (with proprietary data) that is in the form of a DLL. Currently, in development stages, the decryption key for the SQLite database is hardcoded in my main DLL (the program's DLL). For distribution, since DLLs are easily decompilable, I am in need of a new method to decrypt the DLL. My solution is to send our decryption keys from our servers securely to the host's computer. I was looking in POST, thinking it was more secure than GET, but upon research, it appears it's similarly insecure, only more "obscure" than GET. I also looked into HTTPS, but Hostgator requires extra money for HTTPS use. I am in need of some advice - are there any custom solutions I can do to implement this?

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  • DES3 decryption in Ruby on Rails

    - by AntonAL
    My RoR server receives a string, that was encrypted in C++ application using des3 with base64 encoding The cipher object is created so: cipher = OpenSSL::Cipher::Cipher::new("des3") cipher.key = key_str cipher.iv = iv_str key_str and iv_str: are string representations of key and initialization vector for encryption algorithm. They are the same for RoR and C++ application. The code on the RoR side is following: result = "" result << cipher.update( Base64.decode64(message) ) result << cipher.final After executing the last line of code, i get an exception OpenSSL::CipherError (bad decrypt) What is wrong here ? Any ideas ?

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  • PGP Command Line Decryption --- How to decrypt file?

    - by whitman6732
    I was sent a public key in order to decrypt a pgp-encrypted file. I imported the key with: gpg --import publickey.asc And verified it with gpg --list-keys Now, I'm trying to decrypt the file. I put the passphrase in a file called pass.txt and ran this at the command line: gpg --passphrase-fd ../../pass.txt --decrypt encryptedfile.txt.pgp --output encryptedfile.txt All it says is: Reading passphrase from file descriptor 0 ... And doesn't seem to be doing anything else. I can't tell if it's hanging or not. Is it a relatively quick process? The file is large ( about 2 GB ). Is the syntax for it correct?

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  • C# CF: encryption/decryption

    - by nuttynibbles
    Hi, i've seen many article on encrypt/decrypt of file and typically a button is used to choose the file for encrypt and another button to decrypt the file. i've seen some application like truecrypt and probably others which does file encryption on-the-fly with transparent. this means that when a encrypted file is clicked to access, it will automatically decrypt and play/open the file. then when the file is closed, it will automatically encrypt again. what are the ways to do this in c# compact framework?

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  • SQL Server CLR Integration to acheive Encryption/Decryption

    - by Aakash
    I have a requirement to store the data in encrypted form in database tables. I want to do it at database level but the problems I am facing: ( a) Data Type of the field should be Varbinary. ( b) Encryption is not supported by Workgroup edition ( c) Is it possible to encrypt Numeric Fields? I want to access the encrypted data in tables to fetch in views and stored procedure for some processing but due to above problems I am not able to. Here is my Environment: Development Platform - ASP.Net,.Net Framework 3.5,Visual studio 2008 Server Operating System - Windows Server 2008 Database - SQL Server 2008 Work group edition I was also thinking to adopt a different approach to resolve this issue (yet to test it's feasibility). I was just wondering if I could create a CLR function (which could take parameters to encrypt and decrypt data using Cryptography types provided in .Net framework) and use the CLR integration feature of SQL Server and call that function from stored procedure and views. I am not sure if I am thinking in right direction? Any advice on this as well please.

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  • Ruby on Rails Decryption

    - by user812120
    0 down vote favorite share [g+] share [fb] share [tw] The following function works perfect in PHP. How can it be translated in Ruby on Rails. Please note that both privateKey and iv are 32 characters long. mcrypt_decrypt(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_256, $privateKey, base64_decode($enc), MCRYPT_MODE_CBC, $iv) I tried to use the following in Ruby but got a bad decrypt error. cipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new('aes-256-cbc') cipher.decrypt cipher.key = privateKey cipher.iv = iv decrypted = '' << cipher.update(encrypted) << cipher.final

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  • Basic principles of computer encryption?

    - by Andrew
    I can see how a cipher can be developed using substitutions and keys, and how those two things can become more and more complex, thus offering some protection from decryption through brute-force approaches. But specifically I'm wondering: what other major concepts beyond substitution and key are involved? is the protection/secrecy of the key a greater vulnerability than the strength of the encryption? why does encryption still hold up when the key is 'public' ? are performance considerations a major obstacle to the development of more secure encryption?

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  • PHP/GnuPG Decryption -- Syntax error?

    - by NeedBeerStat
    I'm using php to invoke gpg, but I'm getting a pipe error. I thought that if I read in the password from a file, I could then pipe it to the command itself? But, I keep getting: Syntax error: "|" unexpected Here's the code: (Note: The files are being iterated over in a foreach loop...) foreach($files as $k => $v) { $encrypted = $v; $filename = explode('.',$v); $decrypted = $filename[0].'.txt'; shell_exec("echo $passphrase | gpg --no-tty --passphrase-fd 0 -o $decrypted -d $encrypted"); }

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  • PHP Convert C# Hex Blob Hexadecimal String back to Byte Array prior to decryption

    - by PolishHurricane
    I have a piece of data that I am receiving in hexadecimal string format, example: "65E0C8DEB69EA114567954". It was made this way in C# by converting a byte array to a hexadecimal string. However, I am using PHP to read this string and need to temporarily convert this back to the byte array. If it matters, I will be decrypting this byte array, then reconverting it to unencrypted hexadecimal and or plaintext, but I will figure that out later. So the question is, how do I convert a string like the above back to an encoded byte array/ blob in PHP? Thanks!

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  • Web.config encryption/decryption

    - by Akshay
    In my applications we.config file I have a connection string stored. I encrypted it using '---open the web.config file Dim config As Configuration = _ ConfigurationManager.OpenWebConfiguration( _ Request.ApplicationPath) '---indicate the section to protect Dim section As ConfigurationSection = _ config.Sections("connectionStrings") '---specify the protection provider section.SectionInformation.ProtectSection(protectionProvider) '---Apple the protection and update config.Save() Now I can decrypt it using the code Dim config As Configuration = _ ConfigurationManager.OpenWebConfiguration( _ Request.ApplicationPath) Dim section As ConfigurationSection = _ config.Sections("connectionStrings") section.SectionInformation.UnProtectSection() config.Save() I want to know where is the key stored. Also If somehow my web.config file is stolen, will it be possible for him/her to decrypt it using thhe code above.

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  • C# CF: file encryption/decryption on the fly

    - by nuttynibbles
    Hi, i've seen many article on encrypt/decrypt of file and typically a button is used to choose the file for encrypt and another button to decrypt the file. i've seen some application like truecrypt and probably others which does file encryption on-the-fly with transparent. this means that when a encrypted file is clicked to access, it will automatically decrypt and play/open the file. then when the file is closed, it will automatically encrypt again. some have said that the only way to detect file open is through file system filter. but is there other ways to do this in c# compact framework?

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  • Decryption Key value not match

    - by Jitendra Jadav
    public class TrippleENCRSPDESCSP { public TrippleENCRSPDESCSP() { } public void EncryptIt(string sData,ref byte[] sEncData,ref byte[] Key1,ref byte[] Key2) { try { // Create a new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider object // to generate a key and initialization vector (IV). TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tDESalg = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider(); // Create a string to encrypt. // Encrypt the string to an in-memory buffer. byte[] Data = EncryptTextToMemory(sData,tDESalg.Key,tDESalg.IV); sEncData = Data; Key1 = tDESalg.Key; Key2 = tDESalg.IV; } catch (Exception) { throw; } } public string DecryptIt(byte[] sEncData) { //byte[] toEncrypt = new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(sEncData); //XElement xParser = null; //XmlDocument xDoc = new XmlDocument(); try { //string Final = ""; string sPwd = null; string sKey1 = null; string sKey2 = null; //System.Text.ASCIIEncoding encoding = new System.Text.ASCIIEncoding(); string soutxml = ""; //soutxml = encoding.GetString(sEncData); soutxml = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(sEncData); sPwd = soutxml.Substring(18, soutxml.LastIndexOf("</EncPwd>") - 18); sKey1 = soutxml.Substring(18 + sPwd.Length + 15, soutxml.LastIndexOf("</Key1>") - (18 + sPwd.Length + 15)); sKey2 = soutxml.Substring(18 + sPwd.Length + 15 + sKey1.Length + 13, soutxml.LastIndexOf("</Key2>") - (18 + sPwd.Length + 15 + sKey1.Length + 13)); //xDoc.LoadXml(soutxml); //xParser = XElement.Parse(soutxml); //IEnumerable<XElement> elemsValidations = // from el in xParser.Elements("EmailPwd") // select el; #region OldCode //XmlNodeList objXmlNode = xDoc.SelectNodes("EmailPwd"); //foreach (XmlNode xmllist in objXmlNode) //{ // XmlNode xmlsubnode; // xmlsubnode = xmllist.SelectSingleNode("EncPwd"); // xmlsubnode = xmllist.SelectSingleNode("Key1"); // xmlsubnode = xmllist.SelectSingleNode("Key2"); //} #endregion //foreach (XElement elemValidation in elemsValidations) //{ // sPwd = elemValidation.Element("EncPwd").Value; // sKey1 = elemValidation.Element("Key1").Value; // sKey2 = elemValidation.Element("Key2").Value; //} //byte[] Key1 = encoding.GetBytes(sKey1); //byte[] Key2 = encoding.GetBytes(sKey2); //byte[] Data = encoding.GetBytes(sPwd); byte[] Key1 = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sKey1); byte[] Key2 = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sKey2); byte[] Data = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sPwd); // Decrypt the buffer back to a string. string Final = DecryptTextFromMemory(Data, Key1, Key2); return Final; } catch (Exception) { throw; } } public static byte[] EncryptTextToMemory(string Data,byte[] Key,byte[] IV) { try { // Create a MemoryStream. MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream(); // Create a CryptoStream using the MemoryStream // and the passed key and initialization vector (IV). CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider().CreateEncryptor(Key, IV), CryptoStreamMode.Write); // Convert the passed string to a byte array. //byte[] toEncrypt = new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(Data); byte[] toEncrypt = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Data); // Write the byte array to the crypto stream and flush it. cStream.Write(toEncrypt, 0, toEncrypt.Length); cStream.FlushFinalBlock(); // Get an array of bytes from the // MemoryStream that holds the // encrypted data. byte[] ret = mStream.ToArray(); // Close the streams. cStream.Close(); mStream.Close(); // Return the encrypted buffer. return ret; } catch (CryptographicException e) { MessageBox.Show("A Cryptographic error occurred: {0}", e.Message); return null; } } public static string DecryptTextFromMemory(byte[] Data, byte[] Key, byte[] IV) { try { // Create a new MemoryStream using the passed // array of encrypted data. MemoryStream msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(Data); // Create a CryptoStream using the MemoryStream // and the passed key and initialization vector (IV). CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider().CreateDecryptor(Key, IV), CryptoStreamMode.Write); csDecrypt.Write(Data, 0, Data.Length); //csDecrypt.FlushFinalBlock(); msDecrypt.Position = 0; // Create buffer to hold the decrypted data. byte[] fromEncrypt = new byte[msDecrypt.Length]; // Read the decrypted data out of the crypto stream // and place it into the temporary buffer. msDecrypt.Read(fromEncrypt, 0, msDecrypt.ToArray().Length); //csDecrypt.Close(); MessageBox.Show(ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(fromEncrypt)); //Convert the buffer into a string and return it. return new ASCIIEncoding().GetString(fromEncrypt); } catch (CryptographicException e) { MessageBox.Show("A Cryptographic error occurred: {0}", e.Message); return null; } } }

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  • SSIS XML Decryption Message

    - by Vaccano
    My SSIS package says it is successful, but when it runs it ends not doing anything (that I can see). The only thing wrong is this message (that it does not qualify as an error). Description: Failed to decrypt an encrypted XML node because the password was not specified or not correct. Package load will attempt to continue without the encrypted information I do have a password on my packages, but I don't see anywhere to put the password in when I load the Package into SSIS. Am I missing a step?

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  • My AES encryption/decryption functions don't work with random ivecs

    - by Brendan Long
    I was bored and wrote a wrapper around openSSL to do AES encryption with less work. If I do it like this: http://pastebin.com/V1eqz4jp (ivec = 0) Everything works fine, but the default ivec is all 0's, which has some security problems. Since I'm passing the data back as a string anyway, I figured, why not generate a random ivec and stick it to the front, the take it back off when I decrypt the string? For some reason it doesn't work though. With random ivec: http://pastebin.com/MkDBFcn6 Well actually, it almost works. It seems to decrypt the middle of the string, but not the beginning or end: String is: 0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF Encrypting.. ???l%%1u???B! ?????`pN)?????[l????{?Q???2?/?H??y"?=Z?Cu????l%%1u???B! Decrypting.. String is: ?%???G*?5J?0??0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF!-e????V?5 I honestly have no idea what's going wrong. Maybe some stupid mistake, or maybe I'm missing something about AES?

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  • What algorithm should I use for encrypting and embedding a password for an application?

    - by vfclists
    What algorithm should I use for encrypting and embedding a password for an application? It obviously is not bullet proof, but it should be good enough to thwart someone scanning the database with a hex editor, or make it hard for someone who has the skills to use a debugger to trace the code to work out, either by scanning for the encrypted password, or using a debugger to run through the decryption code. Object Pascal would be nice. /vfclists

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  • Decryption with the public key in iphone

    - by vignesh
    Hi all, I have a public key and an encrypted string. I could encrypt with publickey successfully.But when i try to decrypt using the publickey it fails. I mean when i pass the publickey seckeyDecrypt it fails. I have Googled and found out that by default kSecAttrCanDecrypt is false for public keys.So When i import the public key, i have added this particular line , [publicKeyAttr setObject:(id)kCFBooleanTrue forKey:(id)kSecAttrCanDecrypt]; But there is no improvement it still fails. Please somebody help.

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  • Two-key encryption/decryption?

    - by Matt
    I'm looking to store some fairly sensitive data using PHP and MySQL and will be using some form of reversible encryption to do so since I need to get the data back out in plain text for it to be of any use. I'll be deriving the encryption key from the users' username/password combination but I'm stumped for what to do in the (inevitable) event of a password being forgotten. I realise that the purpose of encryption is that it can only be undone using the correct key but this must have been addressed before.. I'm trying to get my head around whether or not public key cryptography would apply to the problem but all I can think of is that the private key will still need to be correct to decrypt the data.. Any ideas?

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  • How do I decrypt a password-protected PDF on OSX?

    - by Brant Bobby
    I have a PDF that requires a password to view. I know what the password is. I frequently open this PDF to print it, and find entering the password each time incredibly annoying. How can I remove the password from the PDF? Since I need to print it, simply taking a screenshot isn't a good solution. I tried printing the file to a PDF, but Preview disables the "Save as PDF..." option in the print dialog.

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  • Crypto-Analysis of keylogger logs and config file. Possible?

    - by lost.
    Is there anyway Encryption on an unidentified file can be broken(file in question: config file and log files from ardamax keylogger). These files date back all the way to 2008. I searched everywhere, nothing on slashdot, nothing on google. Ardamax Keyviewer? Should I just write to Ardamax? I am at a loss of what to do. I feel comprimised. Anyone managed to decrpyt files with Crypto-analysis? More Information-- There are log files in the folder and a configuration file, "akv.cfg". Is it possible to decrypt the files and maybe getting the attackers email address used to receive the keylogger logs? I've Checked ardamax.com. They have an built-in log viewer. But its unavailable for download. If superuser isn't the proper place to ask, know where I might get help?

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