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  • Legal concerns with orchestrating a music submission contest

    - by Amplify91
    My team and I are getting pretty far along in the development of our latest game and have been thinking about audio. We decided to host an audio submission contest where we will offer a little cash and some equity stake in the game as prizes. We are also giving away copies of the game to participants. We hope not only to find audio for our game, but to meet some cool sound artists and promote the game a bit through the process. First of all, is this even a good idea? What are some potential dangers in doing this? Will it even be well received among artists? Secondly, I wrote up some Terms and Conditions in my best legal-speak to try to protect us and clarify how the contest will be run. Are these sufficient to make sure everyone involved is treated fairly and is legally protected? They are as follows: All submissions (The Submission) must be licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-3.0) By applying a CC-BY-3.0 license, you (The Submitter) expressly give Detour Games (and all members wherein) permission to copy, distribute, transmit, modify, adapt, and make commercial use of The Submission. The Submitter must own all rights to The Submission and be within their rights to license it as specified and submit it. The Submitter claims responsibility for the legality of The Submission. If The Submission is found to infringe on the rights of a person or entity other than those of The Submitter, Detour Games will not be held liable as all responsibility and liability for the legality of The Submission is that of The Submitter's. No more than two free copies of The Game per submitter. All flat cash prizes will only be disbursed pending the success of our first $5,000 Kickstarter campaign. These prizes will be disbursed 30 days after Detour Games receives the Kickstarter funds. All equity prizes (percentage of profits) are defined as the given percent of total profits after costs for a period of one year (12 months) after the release of RAW. These prizes will be disbursed semi-annually. All prize money will be disbursed through either an electronic fund transfer through a service such as PayPal or by a mailed money order. It is The Submitter's responsibility to cooperate with Detour Games in the disbursement of the funds. Detour Games reserves the right to change these Terms and Conditions at any time without notice. By participating in the contest, The Submitter agrees to and accepts all terms and conditions listed. What else could I do (legally) to protect everyone involved?

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  • Could I be going crazy with Event Handlers? Am I going the "wrong way" with my design?

    - by sensae
    I guess I've decided that I really like event handlers. I may be suffering a bit from analysis paralysis, but I'm concerned about making my design unwieldy or running into some other unforeseen consequence to my design decisions. My game engine currently does basic sprite-based rendering with a panning overhead camera. My design looks a bit like this: SceneHandler Contains a list of classes that implement the SceneListener interface (currently only Sprites). Calls render() once per tick, and sends onCameraUpdate(); messages to SceneListeners. InputHandler Polls the input once per tick, and sends a simple "onKeyPressed" message to InputListeners. I have a Camera InputListener which holds a SceneHandler instance and triggers updateCamera(); events based on what the input is. AgentHandler Calls default actions on any Agents (AI) once per tick, and will check a stack for any new events that are registered, dispatching them to specific Agents as needed. So I have basic sprite objects that can move around a scene and use rudimentary steering behaviors to travel. I've gotten onto collision detection, and this is where I'm not sure the direction my design is going is good. Is it a good practice to have many, small event handlers? I imagine going the way I am that I'd have to implement some kind of CollisionHandler. Would I be better off with a more consolidated EntityHandler which handles AI, collision updates, and other entity interactions in one class? Or will I be fine just implementing many different event handling subsystems which pass messages to each other based on what kind of event it is? Should I write an EntityHandler which is simply responsible for coordinating all these sub event handlers? I realize in some cases, such as my InputHandler and SceneHandler, those are very specific types of events. A large portion of my game code won't care about input, and a large portion won't care about updates that happen purely in the rendering of the scene. Thus I feel my isolation of those systems is justified. However, I'm asking this question specifically approaching game logic type events.

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  • ArrayList of Entites Random Movement

    - by opiop65
    I have an arraylist of entites that I want to move randomly. No matter what I do, they won't move. Here is my female class: import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Rectangle; import java.util.Random; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; public class Female extends Entity { static int femaleX = 0; static int femaleY = 0; double walkSpeed = .1f; Random rand = new Random(); int random; int dir; Player player; public Female(int posX, int posY) { super(posX, posY); } public void update() { posX += femaleX; posY += femaleY; } public void draw(Graphics2D g2d) { g2d.drawImage(getFemaleImg(), posX, posY, null); if (Player.showBounds == true) { g2d.draw(getBounds()); } } public Image getFemaleImg() { ImageIcon ic = new ImageIcon("res/female.png"); return ic.getImage(); } public Rectangle getBounds() { return new Rectangle(posX, posY, getFemaleImg().getHeight(null), getFemaleImg().getWidth(null)); } public void moveFemale() { random = rand.nextInt(3); System.out.println(random); if (random == 0) { dir = 0; posX -= (int) walkSpeed; } } } And here is how I update the female class in the main class: public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) { player.update(); for(int i = 0; i < females.size(); i++){ Female tempFemale = females.get(i); tempFemale.update(); } repaint(); } If I do something like this(in the female update method): public void update() { posX += femaleX; posY += femaleY; posX -= walkSpeed; } The characters move with no problem. Why is this?

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  • EntityRepository not found [migrated]

    - by PachinSV
    I'm new in Doctrine, I'm following the examples in the documentation. I created my entities and everything is working fine until I created a Repository. I have an entity called User and a UserRepository. But when I try to use the User repository I get the error message: Fatal error: Class 'Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository' not found in C:\xampp\htdocs\excap\repositories\UserRepository.php on line 10 use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository; /** * Description of UserRepository * * @author Mario */ class UserRepository extends EntityRepository { How can I solved this? <?php //bootstrap_doctrine.php $isDevMode = true; use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Setup; require_once 'vendor/autoload.php'; $config = Setup::createAnnotationMetadataConfiguration(array(__DIR__.'/entities'), $isDevMode); $conn = array( 'driver' => 'pdo_mysql', 'user' => 'mydbuser', 'password' => 'mydbpassword', 'dbname' => 'mydbname' ); $entityManager = \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::create($conn, $config); ?> <?php //boostrap.php //Entities require_once 'entities/User.php'; require_once 'entities/Gender.php'; require_once 'entities/AccessPoint.php'; //Repositories require_once 'repositories/UserRepository.php'; if(!class_exists("Doctrine\Common\Version", FALSE)) { require_once 'bootstrap_doctrine.php'; } ?> <?php // autoload.php generated by Composer if (!class_exists('Composer\\Autoload\\ClassLoader', false)) { require __DIR__ . '/composer' . '/ClassLoader.php'; } return call_user_func(function() { $loader = new \Composer\Autoload\ClassLoader(); $composerDir = __DIR__ . '/composer'; $map = require $composerDir . '/autoload_namespaces.php'; foreach ($map as $namespace => $path) { $loader->add($namespace, $path); } $classMap = require $composerDir . '/autoload_classmap.php'; if ($classMap) { $loader->addClassMap($classMap); } $loader->register(); return $loader; }); ?>

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  • Really weird GL Behaviour, uniform not "hitting" proper mesh? LibGdx

    - by HaMMeReD
    Ok, I got some code, and you select blocks on a grid. The selection works. I can modify the blocks to be raised when selected and the correct one shows. I set a color which I use in the shader. However, I am trying to change the color before rendering the geometry, and the last rendered geometry (in the sequence) is rendered light. However, to debug logic I decided to move the block up and make it white, in which case one block moves up and another block becomes white. I checked all my logic and it knows the correct one is selected and it is showing in, in the correct place and rendering it correctly. When there is only 1 it works properly. Video Of the bug in action, note how the highlighted and elevated blocks are not the same block, however the code for color and My Renderer is here (For the items being drawn) public void render(Renderer renderer) { mGrid.render(renderer, mGameState); for (Entity e:mGameEntities) { UnitTypes ut = UnitTypes.valueOf((String)e.getObject(D.UNIT_TYPE.ordinal())); if (ut == UnitTypes.Soldier) { renderer.testShader.begin(); renderer.testShader.setUniformMatrix("u_mvpMatrix",mEntityMatrix); renderer.texture_soldier.bind(0); Vector2 pos = (Vector2) e.getObject(D.COORDS.ordinal()); mEntityMatrix.set(renderer.mCamera.combined); if (mSelectedEntities.contains(e)) { mEntityMatrix.translate(pos.x, 1f, pos.y); renderer.testShader.setUniformf("v_color", 0.5f,0.5f,0.5f,1f); } else { mEntityMatrix.translate(pos.x, 0f, pos.y); renderer.testShader.setUniformf("v_color", 1f,1f,1f,1f); } mEntityMatrix.scale(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f); renderer.model_soldier.render(renderer.testShader,GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); renderer.testShader.end(); } else if (ut == UnitTypes.Enemy_Infiltrator) { renderer.testShader.begin(); renderer.testShader.setUniformMatrix("u_mvpMatrix",mEntityMatrix); renderer.testShader.setUniformf("v_color", 1.0f,1,1,1.0f); renderer.texture_enemy_infiltrator.bind(0); Vector2 pos = (Vector2) e.getObject(D.COORDS.ordinal()); mEntityMatrix.set(renderer.mCamera.combined); mEntityMatrix.translate(pos.x, 0f, pos.y); mEntityMatrix.scale(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f); renderer.model_enemy_infiltrator.render(renderer.testShader,GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); renderer.testShader.end(); } } }

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  • Is the Observer pattern adequate for this kind of scenario?

    - by Omega
    I'm creating a simple game development framework with Ruby. There is a node system. A node is a game entity, and it has position. It can have children nodes (and one parent node). Children are always drawn relatively to their parent. Nodes have a @position field. Anyone can modify it. When such position is modified, the node must update its children accordingly to properly draw them relatively to it. @position contains a Point instance (a class with x and y properties, plus some other useful methods). I need to know when a node's @position's state changes, so I can tell the node to update its children. This is easy if the programmer does something like this: @node.position = Point.new(300,300) Because it is equivalent to calling this: # Code in the Node class def position=(newValue) @position = newValue update_my_children # <--- I know that the position changed end But, I'm lost when this happens: @node.position.x = 300 The only one that knows that the position changed is the Point instance stored in the @position property of the node. But I need the node to be notified! It was at this point that I considered the Observer pattern. Basically, Point is now observable. When a node's position property is given a new Point instance (through the assignment operator), it will stop observing the previous Point it had (if any), and start observing the new one. When a Point instance gets a state change, all observers (the node owning it) will be notified, so now my node can update its children when the position changes. A problem is when this happens: @someNode.position = @anotherNode.position This means that two nodes are observing the same point. If I change one of the node's position, the other would change as well. To fix this, when a position is assigned, I plan to create a new Point instance, copy the passed argument's x and y, and store my newly created point instead of storing the passed one. Another problem I fear is this: somePoint = @node.position somePoint.x = 500 This would, technically, modify @node's position. I'm not sure if anyone would be expecting that behavior. I'm under the impression that people see Point as some kind of primitive rather than an actual object. Is this approach even reasonable? Reasons I'm feeling skeptical: I've heard that the Observer pattern should be used with, well, many observers. Technically, in this scenario there is only one observer at a time. When assigning a node's position as another's (@someNode.position = @anotherNode.position), where I create a whole new instance rather than storing the passed point, it feels hackish, or even inefficient.

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  • hibernate criteria list problem [migrated]

    - by user1022676
    I have a user dao @Entity @Table(name="EBIGUSERTIM") public class EbigUser { private String id; private Integer source; private String entryscheme; private String fullName; private String email; private Long flags; private String status; private String createdBy; private Date createdStamp; private String modifiedBy; private Date modifiedStamp; @Id @Column(name="ID") public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } @Id @Column(name="SOURCE") public Integer getSource() { return source; } public void setSource(Integer source) { this.source = source; } @Column(name="ENTRYSCHEME") public String getEntryscheme() { return entryscheme; } public void setEntryscheme(String entryscheme) { this.entryscheme = entryscheme; } @Column(name="FULLNAME") public String getFullName() { return fullName; } public void setFullName(String fullName) { this.fullName = fullName; } @Column(name="EMAIL") public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } @Column(name="FLAGS") public Long getFlags() { return flags; } public void setFlags(Long flags) { this.flags = flags; } @Column(name="STATUS") public String getStatus() { return status; } public void setStatus(String status) { this.status = status; } @Column(name="CREATEDBY") public String getCreatedBy() { return createdBy; } public void setCreatedBy(String createdBy) { this.createdBy = createdBy; } @Column(name="CREATEDSTAMP") public Date getCreatedStamp() { return createdStamp; } public void setCreatedStamp(Date createdStamp) { this.createdStamp = createdStamp; } @Column(name="MODIFIEDBY") public String getModifiedBy() { return modifiedBy; } public void setModifiedBy(String modifiedBy) { this.modifiedBy = modifiedBy; } @Column(name="MODIFIEDSTAMP") public Date getModifiedStamp() { return modifiedStamp; } public void setModifiedStamp(Date modifiedStamp) { this.modifiedStamp = modifiedStamp; } i am selecting 2 rows out of the db. The sql works select * from ebigusertim where id='blah'. It returns 2 distinct rows. When i query the data using hibernate, it appears that the object memory is not being allocated for each entry in the list. Thus, i get 2 entries in the list with the same object. Criteria userCriteria = session.createCriteria(EbigUser.class); userCriteria.add(Restrictions.eq("id", id)); userlist = userCriteria.list();

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  • ??????????????JSF2????Web????????????Java Developers Workshop 2012 Summer????

    - by ???02
    ???WebLogic Server 12c?????Java EE 6????1???Web??????????????????????JavaServer Faces 2(JSF2)????????????????????????????????????????8???????Java Developers Workshop 2012 Summer??????????????????Java?????????????(Fusion Middleware????????)????????????????(???) JSF2??10?????AJAX??Web?????????????? ?????? Fusion Middleware???????? ???Java?????????????? Java EE 6????Web?????????????·????????????JSF2??Struts???Java EE???????Web????????·????????????????????????????????????????JSF2????????????Web??????????????UI??????????????????????????? ??????????Java EE?????????????????????????????????Java EE 6?JSF2??????????????????“????????”?????????????Java EE 6???????????????????????JSF2????????·???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????GlassFish????????NetBeans???????????????????????????????????????11??????????????????????????????????????????(???)???? ???????????????????Web?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????AJAX???????????????????????????????????????????????????·????????????????????????? ????????????????NetBeans???????????????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????JSF2?????????AJAX???????????·??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Web????????????????????AJAX????????????JSF???????????1?????????? ?Java EE????????????????????????????Java EE 6??AJAX??????????????????????????????????????XML???????????NetBeans?????IDE???????????????????????????????????(???) ???????·?????????????????????? JSF 2????????????????????????Web??????(?????)?????????????????????????????3???????????? ??????????Visual Basic?JavaFX?????????????·????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? JSF2???MVC??????HTTP???????????????????Controller???Faces Servlet?????View?????XHTML??????Model?????Managed Bean????????????? ?????View???????????JavaServer Pages(JSP)?????????????????????XHTML????????????????View???????????????????????JSP????Scriptlet???????????????????????????????????????????????????? JSF2???View?Model??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????JSF2????????1???HTML???Web????????????????????????JSF???Web????????????????????????????????????????HTML????????????????????????HTML 4.0?DHTML???????????????????????JavaScript??????????????????????JavaScript???????????Web?????????resources???????????????????????JSF2?????????????????Web??????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????·???????Web?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????JSF???????????????????????????????????????????? ????JSP?????????????????????????????????????????????????????HTML????Web??????????????????????????????????JSP?Web???????????????????????????????????????????????????XHTML????JSF????????View???JSF2?????????????????????????????????????/??????????? JSF???????????????? ????????????????????????JSF?????????????????????????????????JSF2????????????????????????????????????? Web?????????????????XHTML????????JSF?Facelets?Web???(View)???UIComponent?????????? ??View?????????????????????????????View(UIComponent???)?????? ??????View?????????????????????? ???????????????Bean Validation????????????????????? ???JSF2??@FacesValidator??????????????????????????????????????????????????Validator?implements??????validate????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????Model?POJO????????????????ManagedBean?JPA Entity?????????Value?????????????????????????Component??????????????????Component?????????????????1????????????????????????????????????????????? JSF2??????????????????JSF 1.2???????????·????XML?????????????????JSF2?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???JSF???Web?????????????????????ManagedBean?CDI(Contexts and Dependency Injection)???POJO????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ManagedBean???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????JSF???????????????????????????????????????JSF2??????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????JSF?Web??????????????????????????????????????·????????????????????????????JSF????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

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  • How can I map a Windows group login to the dbo schema in a database?

    - by Christian Hayter
    I have a database for which I want to restrict access to 3 named individuals. I thought I could do the following: Create a local Windows group on the database server and add the named individuals to it. Create a Windows login in SQL Server mapped to the local Windows group. Map the login to the "dbo" schema in the database, so that the users can access all objects without having to qualify them with the schema name. When I try to do step 3, I get the following error: Msg 15353, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 An entity of type database cannot be owned by a role, a group, an approle, or by principals mapped to certificates or asymmetric keys. I have tried to do this via the IDE, the sp_changedbowner sproc, and the ALTER AUTHORIZATION command, and I get the same error each time. After searching MSDN and Google, I find that this restriction is by design. Great, that's useful. Can anyone tell me: Why this restriction exists? It seems very arbitrary. More importantly, can I accomplish my requirement some other way? Other info that might be pertinent: The server is fully up to date with service packs and hotfixes. All objects in the database are owned by the "dbo" schema, and it's not feasible to change that. The database is running in compatibility level 80, and it's not feasible to change that to 90 yet. I am free to make any other changes (within reason, depending on what they are).

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  • Hyperic HQ- Monitor process statistics for 50+ processes on Linux machine

    - by Chris
    Is there an easy way to get metrics on all processes that start with the letters XYZ? I have about 80 processes that I have to monitor individually that all start with the prefix XYZ. I have created a query using the sigar shell: ps State.Name.sw=XYZ, which will give me a list of the processes that I want. What I need to do is define this list of processes through said query and collect and track statistics from the Process service: http://support.hyperic.com/display/hypcomm/Process+service What I need is 3 or 4 key statistics for each of the XYZ processes defined by my query to show up as graphs in the web front end. Note: Hyperic HQ server is installed on a windows machine and I'm monitoring a Linux box via an agent. Thanks, Chris Edit: Here is my try at a plugin that may give me what I want, but it's not being inventoried/detected by the Hyperic web UI. Simply pointing me to one of Hyperic's tutorials won't do. Thanks. <!DOCTYPE plugin [ <!ENTITY process-metrics SYSTEM "/pdk/plugins/process-metrics.xml">]> <plugin> <server name="ABCStats"> <config> <option name="process.query" description="Process Query" default="State.Name.sw=XYZ"/> </config> <metric name="Availability" alias="Availability" template="sigar:Type=ProcState,Arg=%process.query%:State" category="AVAILABILITY" indicator="true" units="percentage" collectionType="dynamic"/> &process-metrics; <plugin type="autoinventory"/> <plugin type="measurement" class="org.hyperic.hq.product.MeasurementPlugin"/> </server> </plugin>

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  • Hyperic HQ- Monitor process statistics for 50+ processes on Linux machine

    - by Chris
    Is there an easy way to get metrics on all processes that start with the letters XYZ? I have about 80 processes that I have to monitor individually that all start with the prefix XYZ. I have created a query using the sigar shell: ps State.Name.sw=XYZ, which will give me a list of the processes that I want. What I need to do is define this list of processes through said query and collect and track statistics from the Process service: http://support.hyperic.com/display/hypcomm/Process+service What I need is 3 or 4 key statistics for each of the XYZ processes defined by my query to show up as graphs in the web front end. Note: Hyperic HQ server is installed on a windows machine and I'm monitoring a Linux box via an agent. Thanks, Chris Edit: Here is my try at a plugin that may give me what I want, but it's not being inventoried/detected by the Hyperic web UI. Simply pointing me to one of Hyperic's tutorials won't do. Thanks. <!DOCTYPE plugin [ <!ENTITY process-metrics SYSTEM "/pdk/plugins/process-metrics.xml">]> <plugin> <server name="ABCStats"> <config> <option name="process.query" description="Process Query" default="State.Name.sw=XYZ"/> </config> <metric name="Availability" alias="Availability" template="sigar:Type=ProcState,Arg=%process.query%:State" category="AVAILABILITY" indicator="true" units="percentage" collectionType="dynamic"/> &process-metrics; <plugin type="autoinventory"/> <plugin type="measurement" class="org.hyperic.hq.product.MeasurementPlugin"/> </server> </plugin>

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  • Windows Task Scheduler fails on EventData instruction

    - by Pete
    The Scheduled Task fails on the Event Data instruction in this XML: <ValueQueries> <Value name="eventChannel">Event/System/Channel</Value> <Value name="eventRecordID">Event/System/EventRecordID</Value> <Value name="eventData">Event/EventData/Data</Value> </ValueQueries> The other 2 fields can be passed as arguments and the EventData syntax matches other websites, so I don't know why it's failing. This is the Event Viewer XML: <Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event"> <System> <Provider Name="Aptify.ExceptionManagerPublishedException" /> <EventID Qualifiers="0">0</EventID> <Level>2</Level> <Task>0</Task> <Keywords>0x80000000000000</Keywords> <TimeCreated SystemTime="2013-11-07T19:39:14.000000000Z" /> <EventRecordID>97555</EventRecordID> <Channel>Application</Channel> <Computer>[Computer Name]</Computer> <Security /> </System> <EventData> <Data>General Information ********************************************* Additional Info: ExceptionManager.MachineName: [Computer Name] ExceptionManager.TimeStamp: 11/7/2013 12:39:14 PM ExceptionManager.FullName: AptifyExceptionManagement, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=[key] ExceptionManager.AppDomainName: Aptify Shell.exe ExceptionManager.ThreadIdentity: ExceptionManager.WindowsIdentity: ACA_DOMAIN\pbassett 1) Exception Information ********************************************* Exception Type: Aptify.Framework.BusinessLogic.GenericEntity.AptifyGenericEntityValidationException Entity: Tasks ErrorString: Task Type "Make Contact" is not active. MachineName: [machine] CreatedDateTime: 11/7/2013 12:39:14 PM AppDomainName: Aptify Shell.exe ThreadIdentityName: WindowsIdentityName: [identity] Severity: 0 ErrorNumber: 0 Message: Task Type "Make Contact" is not active. Data: System.Collections.ListDictionaryInternal TargetSite: Boolean Save(Boolean, System.String ByRef, Sys tem.String) HelpLink: NULL Source: AptifyGenericEntity StackTrace Information ********************************************* at Aptify.Framework.BusinessLogic.GenericEntity.AptifyGenericEntity.Save(Boolean AllowGUI, String& ErrorString, String TransactionID)</Data> </EventData> </Event>

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  • Does this prove a network bandwidth bottleneck?

    - by Yuji Tomita
    I've incorrectly assumed that my internal AB testing means my server can handle 1k concurrency @3k hits per second. My theory at at the moment is that the network is the bottleneck. The server can't send enough data fast enough. External testing from blitz.io at 1k concurrency shows my hits/s capping off at 180, with pages taking longer and longer to respond as the server is only able to return 180 per second. I've served a blank file from nginx and benched it: it scales 1:1 with concurrency. Now to rule out IO / memcached bottlenecks (nginx normally pulls from memcached), I serve up a static version of the cached page from the filesystem. The results are very similar to my original test; I'm capped at around 180 RPS. Splitting the HTML page in half gives me double the RPS, so it's definitely limited by the size of the page. If I internally ApacheBench from the local server, I get consistent results of around 4k RPS on both the Full Page and the Half Page, at high transfer rates. Transfer rate: 62586.14 [Kbytes/sec] received If I AB from an external server, I get around 180RPS - same as the blitz.io results. How do I know it's not intentional throttling? If I benchmark from multiple external servers, all results become poor which leads me to believe the problem is in MY servers outbound traffic, not a download speed issue with my benchmarking servers / blitz.io. So I'm back to my conclusion that my server can't send data fast enough. Am I right? Are there other ways to interpret this data? Is the solution/optimization to set up multiple servers + load balancing that can each serve 180 hits per second? I'm quite new to server optimization, so I'd appreciate any confirmation interpreting this data. Outbound traffic Here's more information about the outbound bandwidth: The network graph shows a maximum output of 16 Mb/s: 16 megabits per second. Doesn't sound like much at all. Due to a suggestion about throttling, I looked into this and found that linode has a 50mbps cap (which I'm not even close to hitting, apparently). I had it raised to 100mbps. Since linode caps my traffic, and I'm not even hitting it, does this mean that my server should indeed be capable of outputting up to 100mbps but is limited by some other internal bottleneck? I just don't understand how networks at this large of a scale work; can they literally send data as fast as they can read from the HDD? Is the network pipe that big? In conclusion 1: Based on the above, I'm thinking I can definitely raise my 180RPS by adding an nginx load balancer on top of a multi nginx server setup at exactly 180RPS per server behind the LB. 2: If linode has a 50/100mbit limit that I'm not hitting at all, there must be something I can do to hit that limit with my single server setup. If I can read / transmit data fast enough locally, and linode even bothers to have a 50mbit/100mbit cap, there must be an internal bottleneck that's not allowing me to hit those caps that I'm not sure how to detect. Correct? I realize the question is huge and vague now, but I'm not sure how to condense it. Any input is appreciated on any conclusion I've made.

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  • InstantSSL's certificate no different than a self signed certificate under Nginx with an IP accessed address

    - by Absolute0
    I ordered an ssl certificate from InstantSSL and got the following pair of files: my_ip.ca-bundle, my_ip.crt I also previously generated my own key and crt files using openssl. I concatenated all the crt files: cat my_previously_generted.crt my_ip.ca_bundle my_ip.crt chained.crt And configured nginx as follows: server { ... listen 443; ssl on; ssl_certificate /home/dmsf/csr/chained.crt; ssl_certificate_key /home/dmsf/csr/csr.nopass.key; ... } I don't have a domain name as per the clients request. When I open the browser with https://my_ip chrome gives me this error: The site's security certificate is not trusted! You attempted to reach my_ip, but the server presented a certificate issued by an entity that is not trusted by your computer's operating system. This may mean that the server has generated its own security credentials, which Google Chrome cannot rely on for identity information, or an attacker may be trying to intercept your communications. You should not proceed, especially if you have never seen this warning before for this site.

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  • IIS 7 doesn't do a 301 redirect

    - by rohde
    Hi there! I have just migrated some sites to IIS7 from IIS6, and am experiencing problems with one of the sites. When a request comes in for the site (www.ourdomain.com/site1/) with a trailing slash everything is fine. But if the trailing slash is left out (www.ourdomain.com/site1), then the request fails. Apparently it doesn't do a 301 redirect on the slashl-less URL, resulting in ASP.NET throwing an exception. This is not happening with the other sites at the same domain. What can be the cause of this? EDIT: The exception I get is this: System.Web.HttpException: Failed to Execute URL. at System.Web.Hosting. ISAPIWorkerRequestInProcForIIS6.BeginExecuteUrl(String url, String method, String childHeaders, Boolean sendHeaders, Boolean addUserIndo, IntPtr token, String name, String authType, Byte[] entity, AsyncCallback cb, Object state) at System.Web.HttpResponse.BeginExecuteUrlForEntireResponse(String pathOverride, NameValueCollection requestHeaders, AsyncCallback cb, Object state) at System.Web.DefaultHttpHandler.BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) at System.Web.HttpApplication.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() at System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously)

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  • File uploads and client_max_body_size in nginx + gunicorn + django

    - by carlosescri
    I need to configure nginx + gunicorn to be able to upload files greater than the default max size in both servers. My nginx .conf file looks like this: server { # ... location / { proxy_pass_header Server; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme; proxy_connect_timeout 60; proxy_pass http://localhost:8000/; } } The idea is to allow requests of 20M for two locations: /admin/path/to/upload?param=value /installer/other/path/to/upload?param=value I've tried to add location directives at the same level than the one I've pasted here (getting 404 errors) and also tried to add them inside the location / directive (getting 413 Entity Too Large errors). My location directives look like these in their simplest form: location /admin/path/to/upload/ { client_max_body_size 20M; } location /installer/other/path/to/upload/ { client_max_body_size 20M; } But they don't work (actually I tested lots of combinations and I'm desperate thinking about this. Please, help If you can: What settings do I need to set to make this work? Thank you so much!

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  • CPU Utilization LAMP stack

    - by Max
    We've got an ec2 m2.4xlarge running Magento (centos 5.6, httpd 2.2, php 5.2.17 with eaccelerator 0.9.5.3, mysql 5.1.52). Right now we're getting a large traffic spike, and our top looks like this: top - 09:41:29 up 31 days, 1:12, 1 user, load average: 120.01, 129.03, 113.23 Tasks: 1190 total, 18 running, 1172 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 97.3%us, 1.8%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.5%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.4%st Mem: 71687720k total, 36898928k used, 34788792k free, 49692k buffers Swap: 880737784k total, 0k used, 880737784k free, 1586524k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 2433 mysql 15 0 23.6g 4.5g 7112 S 564.7 6.6 33607:34 mysqld 24046 apache 16 0 411m 65m 28m S 26.4 0.1 0:09.05 httpd 24360 apache 15 0 410m 60m 25m S 26.4 0.1 0:03.65 httpd 24993 apache 16 0 410m 57m 21m S 26.1 0.1 0:01.41 httpd 24838 apache 16 0 428m 74m 20m S 24.8 0.1 0:02.37 httpd 24359 apache 16 0 411m 62m 26m R 22.3 0.1 0:08.12 httpd 23850 apache 15 0 411m 64m 27m S 16.8 0.1 0:14.54 httpd 25229 apache 16 0 404m 46m 17m R 10.2 0.1 0:00.71 httpd 14594 apache 15 0 404m 63m 34m S 8.4 0.1 1:10.26 httpd 24955 apache 16 0 404m 50m 21m R 8.4 0.1 0:01.66 httpd 24313 apache 16 0 399m 46m 22m R 8.1 0.1 0:02.30 httpd 25119 apache 16 0 411m 59m 23m S 6.8 0.1 0:01.45 httpd Questions: Would giving msyqld more memory help it cache queries and react faster? If so, how? Other than splitting mysql and php to separate servers (which we're about to do) is there anything else we could/should be doing? Thanks! UPDATE: Here's our my.cnf along with the output of mysqltuner. It looks like a cache problem. Thanks again! # cat /etc/my.cnf [client] port = **** socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] datadir=/mnt/persistent/mysql port=**** socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock key_buffer = 512M max_allowed_packet = 64M table_cache = 1024 sort_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 4M read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 128M tmp_table_size = 128M join_buffer_size = 1M query_cache_limit = 2M query_cache_size= 64M query_cache_type = 1 max_connections = 1000 thread_stack = 128K thread_concurrency = 48 log-bin=mysql-bin server-id = 1 wait_timeout = 300 innodb_data_home_dir = /mnt/persistent/mysql/ innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_buffer_pool_size = 20G innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M innodb_log_file_size = 64M innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 innodb_thread_concurrency = 48 ft_min_word_len=3 [myisamchk] ft_min_word_len=3 key_buffer = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M # ./mysqltuner.pl >> MySQLTuner 1.2.0 - Major Hayden <[email protected]> >> Bug reports, feature requests, and downloads at http://mysqltuner.com/ >> Run with '--help' for additional options and output filtering -------- General Statistics -------------------------------------------------- [--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.1.52-log [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics ------------------------------------------- [--] Status: +Archive -BDB +Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster [--] Data in MyISAM tables: 2G (Tables: 26) [--] Data in InnoDB tables: 749M (Tables: 250) [!!] Total fragmented tables: 262 -------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------- -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 31d 2h 30m 38s (680M q [253.371 qps], 2M conn, TX: 4825B, RX: 236B) [--] Reads / Writes: 89% / 11% [--] Total buffers: 20.6G global + 15.1M per thread (1000 max threads) [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 35.4G (51% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (35K/680M) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 53% (537/1000) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 512.0M/457.2M [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (9B cached / 264K reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 42.3% (260M cached / 615M selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 4384652 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (1K temp sorts / 38M sorts) [!!] Joins performed without indexes: 100404 [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 17% (7M on disk / 45M total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (537 created / 2M connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 0% (1K open / 946K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 9% (453/5K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (758M immediate / 758M locks) [OK] InnoDB data size / buffer pool: 749.3M/20.0G -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Adjust your join queries to always utilize indexes Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Variables to adjust: query_cache_size (> 64M) join_buffer_size (> 1.0M, or always use indexes with joins) table_cache (> 1024)

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  • About to go live: virtual dedicated server or cloud?

    - by morpheous
    I am about to launch my startup company, and we will be going live in a few weeks time. We have really tight budgetary constraints, since we are bootstrapping - and would prefer not to raise external capital. I cant use shared hosting because I need more control of the server machine (for technical reasons - e.g. using proprietary extensions to PHP, Apache and in the database layer as well) - but want to control costs and dont want to go fully private server route, until we have determined the market size etc. So the only real alternatives AFAIK is between virtual server and the cloud. At the moment, cloud services seem a bit "vague" to me. My understanding is that they allow an entity to outsource its IT infrastructure, which in my mind (at least), is indistinguishable from what a hosting provider provides (at least from a functional point of view) - I would like to seek some clarification on exactly what the difference between the two is. Back to my original question, my requirements are: IT infrastructure that can scale with growth Ability to have control of the machine (for e.g. to install our internally developed libraries etc) Backup software that is flexible and comprehensive enough (yet simple to use), that allows a (secured) backup strategy to be implemented. On this issue, I have always wondered where the actual backed up data was stored (since the physical machines are remote, and one cant get access to any actual tapes etc backed onto). I would also like some advice and recommendations in this area. Regarding data size, I am expecting the dataset to be increasing by a few megabytes of data (originally, say 10Mb, in about a years time, possibly 50Mb) every day. As an aside, I have decided to deploy on a Debian server (most of my additional libraries etc were compiled and built on a Debian machine). Mindful of all of the above, I would like some advice (and reason) as to which route to take. I would also like some advice on which backup software to use, from people who have walked a similar path.

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  • Nginx fails upon proxying PUT requests

    - by PartlyCloudy
    Hi. I have an arbitrary web server that supports the full range of HTTP methods, including PUT for uploads. The server runs fine in all tests with different clients. I now wanted to set this server behind an nginx reverse proxy. However, each PUT request fails. The entity body is not forwarded to the backend web server. The header fields are sent, but not body. I searched the nginx proxy documentation and find several hints that PUT might not be supported. But I also found people running svn/ web dav stuff behind nginx, so it should work. Any ideas? Here is my config: server { listen 80; server_name my.domain.name; location / { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000; } } Client == HTTP PUT ==> Nginx == HTTP Proxy ==> Backend Server The error.log shows no entries concerning this behaviour. Thanks in advance!

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  • Which default Database Systems come installed in Microsoft VS2010 Express?

    - by Tonygts
    Appreciate all advice 0n the following questions Which database systems (Ms SQL 2008, MS SQL Compact, or others) comes installed with VS2010 Express edition. SQL Server 2008 R2 Express is free, can we install and integrate with VS2010 Express? How to uninstall those database already come installed? I have installed VS2010 express on Windows 7; just VS2010 components (VB, C#, C++ and Web Developer) and without installing any other things like SQL Express. In the Console Panel-Program & Features' window, the installed list is shown below: Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Setup Support File Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Browser Microsoft SQL Server VSS Writer Microsoft SQL Server Database Publishing Wizard 1.4 Microsoft ASP.NET MVC2 - VWD Express 2010 Tools Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Management Objects Microsoft SQL Server Compact 3.5 SP2 ENU Microsoft SQL Server System CLR Types Microsoft Silverlight 3 SDK Microsoft ASP.NET MVC 2 Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 ADO.NET Entity Framework Tools Visual Studio 2010 Tools doe SQL Server Compact 3.5 SP2 ENU Web Deployment Tool Microsoft Visual Web Developer 2010 Express - ENU Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Express - ENU Microsoft Visual C# 2010 Express - ENU Microsoft Visual Visual Basic 2010 Express - ENU Microsoft SQL Server 2008 As you can see, Microsoft SQL Server 2008 (last line) and near the top, Microsoft SQL Server Compact 3.5 SP2 ENU and many of their related SQL components such as Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 Management Objects are also installed. These are actually installed by installing VS2010 Express, but I have no idea how to use them or verify their valid existence from VS2010. Also, do I have to uninstall them before I install SQL Server 2008 R2, which is the latest version I believe? And what tool is needed to manage and create data source and tables?

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  • NAS for Mac OS X Server

    - by SamAdmin
    I'm using Mac OS X Server and want to allow the users that connect to their network accounts to store their data on a NAS drive. I want the users to connect to the Lion server as this allows for better policies and management for me and for their afp share to be located on a NAS drive. I've looked into home directories and network logins however I don't want the users to connect into a different login environment, just an authentication against their provided account on the Lion server and for their finder to take them to their own storage area - located on the NAS drive. Currently I am using FreeNAS for both authentication and storage however there are getting to be far too many people to manage each afp share and account, plus just using FreeNAS is extremely limiting for expansion and if something goes wrong with 1 entity the entire system goes down. Using the Lion server for user accounts and policies will be much better for this expanding business. I have looked into LDAP, using the Lion server as an LDAP server to authenticate against for FreeNAS however I have had issues with this and thought a different approach could be better from the other side of the situation... Providing the account with somewhere to store data rather than the afp share authenticating against an LDAP server. I am wrong to try it this way? Is it possible to logically add storage to a Mac OS X Server which can be recognised as a local drive, so can be used for network accounts?

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  • Random HTTP 413 error on apach2/php/joomla site

    - by jfab
    I have a Joomla site, and every once in a while when I submit something via a form, I get a HTTP 413 error: Request Entity Too Large The requested resource /index.php does not allow request data with POST requests, or the amount of data provided in the request exceeds the capacity limit. In the error.log file I get: Invalid Content-Length, referer: [site]/index.php It doesn't seem this has anything to do with the actual size of the request, for the following reasons: a) I tinkered with the configuration of both Apache, and PHP. In Apache I tried increasing LimitRequestBody, and in PHP post_max_size, max_input_vars, memory_limit, and even upload_max_filesize. Every value is far beyond what is sent in a typical request that generates an error. b) The error pops up quite randomly, and often just hitting refresh allows me to get through. c) I checked the request in Fiddler to make sure everything is right with the content-length stated in the header, and the content of the request itself. Everything appears to be in order. A curious thing is that when I resent the exact same request via Fiddler, I never got the error. It seems I can only recreate it through a browser. So I'm at my wit's end here. I don't even know where to look for the problem anymore. I don't know if it's Apache or PHP (though I can't find anything in PHP error logs, so maybe that means Apache is the more likely culprit?), or PHP in general, or my Joomla site in particular (my bets were on Joomla until a recreated the error on a test script, with a very basic post form, though it does pop up much more often on the Joomla site). If anyone can give any advice on where to even begin with this, I'll be very grateful!

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  • Our clients site is redirecting to a pill scammy site [closed]

    - by Alex Demchak
    Possible Duplicate: My server's been hacked EMERGENCY We've usually host our clients site, but we aren't hosting this one. The website itself (weddle-funeral.com) works just fine. if you load google and search for weddle funeral stayton oregon - and click that link, the site links to a scammy pill site. I went through the site and there were some php files in the wordpress plugins that got quarantined by my antivirus. I removed ALL non essential files, and uploaded fresh versions of all the plugins, but it's STILL redirecting from google. I tried logging in to the cpanel (on a virtual private server), and the cpanel flashed a red warning screen The site's security certificate is not trusted! You attempted to reach XXXXX.com, but the server presented a certificate issued by an entity that is not trusted by your computer's operating system. This may mean that the server has generated its own security credentials, which Google Chrome cannot rely on for identity information, or an attacker may be trying to intercept your communications. You should not proceed, especially if you have never seen this warning before for this site. (Keep in mind, that's for the HOSTING accounts CPanel) Is there something in the SERVER probably that's causing the redirect? EDIT: .htaccess file contents # BEGIN WordPress <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php [L] </IfModule> # END WordPress

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  • techniques for an AI for a highly cramped turn-based tactics game

    - by Adam M.
    I'm trying to write an AI for a tactics game in the vein of Final Fantasy Tactics or Vandal Hearts. I can't change the game rules in any way, only upgrade the AI. I have experience programming AI for classic board games (basically minimax and its variants), but I think the branching factor is too great for the approach to be reasonable here. I'll describe the game and some current AI flaws that I'd like to fix. I'd like to hear ideas for applicable techniques. I'm a decent enough programmer, so I only need the ideas, not an implementation (though that's always appreciated). I'd rather not expend effort chasing (too many) dead ends, so although speculation and brainstorming are good and probably helpful, I'd prefer to hear from somebody with actual experience solving this kind of problem. For those who know it, the game is the land battle mini-game in Sid Meier's Pirates! (2004) and you can skim/skip the next two paragraphs. For those who don't, here's briefly how it works. The battle is turn-based and takes place on a 16x16 grid. There are three terrain types: clear (no hindrance), forest (hinders movement, ranged attacks, and sight), and rock (impassible, but does not hinder attacks or sight). The map is randomly generated with roughly equal amounts of each type of terrain. Because there are many rock and forest tiles, movement is typically very cramped. This is tactically important. The terrain is not flat; higher terrain gives minor bonuses. The terrain is known to both sides. The player is always the attacker and the AI is always the defender, so it's perfectly valid for the AI to set up a defensive position and just wait. The player wins by killing all defenders or by getting a unit to the city gates (a tile on the other side of the map). There are very few units on each side, usually 4-8. Because of this, it's crucial not to take damage without gaining some advantage from it. Units can take multiple actions per turn. All units on one side move before any units on the other side. Order of execution is important, and interleaving of actions between units is often useful. Units have melee and ranged attacks. Melee attacks vary widely in strength; ranged attacks have the same strength but vary in range. The main challenges I face are these: Lots of useful move combinations start with a "useless" move that gains no immediate advantage, or even loses advantage, in order to set up a powerful flank attack in the future. And, since the player units are stronger and have longer range, the AI pretty much always has to take some losses before they can start to gain kills. The AI must be able to look ahead to distinguish between sacrificial actions that provide a future benefit and those that don't. Because the terrain is so cramped, most of the tactics come down to achieving good positioning with multiple units that work together to defend an area. For instance, two defenders can often dominate a narrow pass by positioning themselves so an enemy unit attempting to pass must expose itself to a flank attack. But one defender in the same pass would be useless, and three units can defend a slightly larger pass. Etc. The AI should be able to figure out where the player must go to reach the city gates and how to best position its few units to cover the approaches, shifting, splitting, or combining them appropriately as the player moves. Because flank attacks are extremely deadly (and engineering flank attacks is key to the player strategy), the AI should be competent at moving its units so that they cover each other's flanks unless the sacrifice of a unit would give a substantial benefit. They should also be able to force flank attacks on players, for instance by threatening a unit from two different directions such that responding to one threat exposes the flank to the other. The AI should attack if possible, but sometimes there are no good ways to approach the player's position. In that case, the AI should be able to recognize this and set up a defensive position of its own. But the AI shouldn't be vulnerable to a trivial exploit where the player repeatedly opens and closes a hole in his defense and shoots at the AI as it approaches and retreats. That is, the AI should ideally be able to recognize that the player is capable of establishing a solid defense of an area, even if the defense is not currently in place. (I suppose if a good unit allocation algorithm existed, as needed for the second bullet point, the AI could run it on the player units to see where they could defend.) Because it's important to choose a good order of action and interleave actions between units, it's not as simple as just finding the best move for each unit in turn. All of these can be accomplished with a minimax search in theory, but the search space is too large, so specialized techniques are needed. I thought about techniques such as influence mapping, but I don't see how to use the technique to great effect. I thought about assigning goals to the units. This can help them work together in some limited way, and the problem of "how do I accomplish this goal?" is easier to solve than "how do I win this battle?", but assigning good goals is a hard problem in itself, because it requires knowing whether the goal is achievable and whether it's a good use of resources. So, does anyone have specific ideas for techniques that can help cleverize this AI? Update: I found a related question on Stackoverflow: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3133273/ai-for-a-final-fantasy-tactics-like-game The selected answer gives a decent approach to choosing between alternative actions, but it doesn't seem to have much ability to look into the future and discern beneficial sacrifices from wasteful ones. It also focuses on a single unit at a time and it's not clear how it could be extended to support cooperation between units in defending or attacking.

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  • SQL Server Split() Function

    - by HighAltitudeCoder
    Title goes here   Ever wanted a dbo.Split() function, but not had the time to debug it completely?  Let me guess - you are probably working on a stored procedure with 50 or more parameters; two or three of them are parameters of differing types, while the other 47 or so all of the same type (id1, id2, id3, id4, id5...).  Worse, you've found several other similar stored procedures with the ONLY DIFFERENCE being the number of like parameters taped to the end of the parameter list. If this is the situation you find yourself in now, you may be wondering, "why am I working with three different copies of what is basically the same stored procedure, and why am I having to maintain changes in three different places?  Can't I have one stored procedure that accomplishes the job of all three? My answer to you: YES!  Here is the Split() function I've created.    /******************************************************************************                                       Split.sql   ******************************************************************************/ /******************************************************************************   Split a delimited string into sub-components and return them as a table.   Parameter 1: Input string which is to be split into parts. Parameter 2: Delimiter which determines the split points in input string. Works with space or spaces as delimiter. Split() is apostrophe-safe.   SYNTAX: SELECT * FROM Split('Dvorak,Debussy,Chopin,Holst', ',') SELECT * FROM Split('Denver|Seattle|San Diego|New York', '|') SELECT * FROM Split('Denver is the super-awesomest city of them all.', ' ')   ******************************************************************************/ USE AdventureWorks GO   IF EXISTS       (SELECT *       FROM sysobjects       WHERE xtype = 'TF'       AND name = 'Split'       ) BEGIN       DROP FUNCTION Split END GO   CREATE FUNCTION Split (       @InputString                  VARCHAR(8000),       @Delimiter                    VARCHAR(50) )   RETURNS @Items TABLE (       Item                          VARCHAR(8000) )   AS BEGIN       IF @Delimiter = ' '       BEGIN             SET @Delimiter = ','             SET @InputString = REPLACE(@InputString, ' ', @Delimiter)       END         IF (@Delimiter IS NULL OR @Delimiter = '')             SET @Delimiter = ','   --INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@Delimiter) -- Diagnostic --INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@InputString) -- Diagnostic         DECLARE @Item                 VARCHAR(8000)       DECLARE @ItemList       VARCHAR(8000)       DECLARE @DelimIndex     INT         SET @ItemList = @InputString       SET @DelimIndex = CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @ItemList, 0)       WHILE (@DelimIndex != 0)       BEGIN             SET @Item = SUBSTRING(@ItemList, 0, @DelimIndex)             INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@Item)               -- Set @ItemList = @ItemList minus one less item             SET @ItemList = SUBSTRING(@ItemList, @DelimIndex+1, LEN(@ItemList)-@DelimIndex)             SET @DelimIndex = CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @ItemList, 0)       END -- End WHILE         IF @Item IS NOT NULL -- At least one delimiter was encountered in @InputString       BEGIN             SET @Item = @ItemList             INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@Item)       END         -- No delimiters were encountered in @InputString, so just return @InputString       ELSE INSERT INTO @Items VALUES (@InputString)         RETURN   END -- End Function GO   ---- Set Permissions --GRANT SELECT ON Split TO UserRole1 --GRANT SELECT ON Split TO UserRole2 --GO   The syntax is basically as follows: SELECT <fields> FROM Table 1 JOIN Table 2 ON ... JOIN Table 3 ON ... WHERE LOGICAL CONDITION A AND LOGICAL CONDITION B AND LOGICAL CONDITION C AND TABLE2.Id IN (SELECT * FROM Split(@IdList, ',')) @IdList is a parameter passed into the stored procedure, and the comma (',') is the delimiter you have chosen to split the parameter list on. You can also use it like this: SELECT <fields> FROM Table 1 JOIN Table 2 ON ... JOIN Table 3 ON ... WHERE LOGICAL CONDITION A AND LOGICAL CONDITION B AND LOGICAL CONDITION C HAVING COUNT(SELECT * FROM Split(@IdList, ',') Similarly, it can be used in other aggregate functions at run-time: SELECT MIN(SELECT * FROM Split(@IdList, ','), <fields> FROM Table 1 JOIN Table 2 ON ... JOIN Table 3 ON ... WHERE LOGICAL CONDITION A AND LOGICAL CONDITION B AND LOGICAL CONDITION C GROUP BY <fields> Now that I've (hopefully effectively) explained the benefits to using this function and implementing it in one or more of your database objects, let me warn you of a caveat that you are likely to encounter.  You may have a team member who waits until the right moment to ask you a pointed question: "Doesn't this function just do the same thing as using the IN function?  Why didn't you just use that instead?  In other words, why bother with this function?" What's happening is, one or more team members has failed to understand the reason for implementing this kind of function in the first place.  (Note: this is THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECT OF THIS POST). Allow me to outline a few pros to implementing this function, so you may effectively parry this question.  Touche. 1) Code consolidation.  You don't have to maintain what is basically the same code and logic, but with varying numbers of the same parameter in several SQL objects.  I'm not going to go into the cons related to using this function, because the afore mentioned team member is probably more than adept at pointing these out.  Remember, the real positive contribution is ou are decreasing the liklihood that your team fails to update all (x) duplicate copies of what are basically the same stored procedure, and so on...  This is the classic downside to duplicate code.  It is a virus, and you should kill it. You might be better off rejecting your team member's question, and responding with your own: "Would you rather maintain the same logic in multiple different stored procedures, and hope that the team doesn't forget to always update all of them at the same time?".  In his head, he might be thinking "yes, I would like to maintain several different copies of the same stored procedure", although you probably will not get such a direct response.  2) Added flexibility - you can use the Split function elsewhere, and for splitting your data in different ways.  Plus, you can use any kind of delimiter you wish.  How can you know today the ways in which you might want to examine your data tomorrow?  Segue to my next point. 3) Because the function takes a delimiter parameter, you can split the data in any number of ways.  This greatly increases the utility of such a function and enables your team to work with the data in a variety of different ways in the future.  You can split on a single char, symbol, word, or group of words.  You can split on spaces.  (The list goes on... test it out). Finally, you can dynamically define the behavior of a stored procedure (or other SQL object) at run time, through the use of this function.  Rather than have several objects that accomplish almost the same thing, why not have only one instead?

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