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• How do I create statistics to make ‘small’ objects appear ‘large’ to the Optmizer?

  - by Maria Colgan

  I recently spoke with a customer who has a development environment that is a tiny fraction of the size of their production environment. His team has been tasked with identifying problem SQL statements in this development environment before new code is released into production. The problem is the objects in the development environment are so small, the execution plans selected in the development environment rarely reflects what actually happens in production. To ensure the development environment accurately reflects production, in the eyes of the Optimizer, the statistics used in the development environment must be the same as the statistics used in production. This can be achieved by exporting the statistics from production and import them into the development environment. Even though the underlying objects are a fraction of the size of production, the Optimizer will see them as the same size and treat them the same way as it would in production. Below are the necessary steps to achieve this in their environment. I am using the SH sample schema as the application schema who's statistics we want to move from production to development. Step 1. Create a staging table, in the production environment, where the statistics can be stored Step 2. Export the statistics for the application schema, from the data dictionary in production, into the staging table Step 3. Create an Oracle directory on the production system where the export of the staging table will reside and grant the SH user the necessary privileges on it. Step 4. Export the staging table from production using data pump export Step 5. Copy the dump file containing the stating table from production to development Step 6. Create an Oracle directory on the development system where the export of the staging table resides and grant the SH user the necessary privileges on it.  Step 7. Import the staging table into the development environment using data pump import Step 8. Import the statistics from the staging table into the dictionary in the development environment. You can get a copy of the script I used to generate this post here. +Maria Colgan

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• How can I author objects with perspective that fit into a tile-based map but span multiple tiles?

  - by Growler

  I'm creating a tilemap city and trying to figure out the most efficient way to create unique building scenes. The trick is, I need to maintain a sort of 2D, almost-top-down perspective, which is hard to do with buildings or large objects that span multiple tiles. I've tried doing three buildings at a time, and mixing and matching the base layer and colors, like this: This creates a weird overlapping effect, and also doesn't seem that efficient from a production standpoint. But it was the best way to have shadows appear correctly on the neighboring buildings. I'm wondering if modular buildings would be the way to go? That way I can mix and match any set of buildings together as tiles: I guess I would have to risk some perspective and shadowing to get the buildings to align correctly. What sort of authoring process could I use to allow me to create a variety of buildings (or other objects) that maintain this perspective while spanning multiple tiles worth of screen space? Would you recommend creating blank buildings, and then affixing art overlays as necessary to make the buildings unique? Or should they be directly part of the building tile (for example, create a separate tileset of buildings signs and colorings)?

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• How to REALLY start thinking in terms of objects?

  - by Mr Grieves

  I work with a team of developers who all have several years of experience with languages such as C# and Java. Most of them are young enough to have been shown OOP as a standard way to develop software in university and are very comfortable with concepts such as inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation and polymorphism. Yet, many of them, and I have to include myself, still tend to create classes which are meant to be used in a very functional fashion. The resulting software is often several smaller classes which correctly represent business objects which get passed through larger classes which only supply ways to modify and use those objects (functions). Large complex difficult-to-maintain classes named Manager are usually the result of such behaviour. I can see two theoretical reasons why people might write this type of code: It's easy to start thinking of everything in terms of the database Deep down, for me, a computer handling a web request feels more like a functional operation than an object oriented operation when you think about Request Handlers, Threads, Processes, CPU Cores and CPU operations... I want source code which is easy to read and easy to modify. I have seen excellent examples of OO code which meet these objectives. How can I start writing code like this? How I can I really start thinking in an object oriented fashion? How can I share such a mentality with my colleagues?

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• Are there legitimate reasons for returning exception objects instead of throwing them?

  - by stakx

  This question is intended to apply to any OO programming language that supports exception handling; I am using C# for illustrative purposes only. Exceptions are usually intended to be raised when an problem arises that the code cannot immediately handle, and then to be caught in a catch clause in a different location (usually an outer stack frame). Q: Are there any legitimate situations where exceptions are not thrown and caught, but simply returned from a method and then passed around as error objects? This question came up for me because .NET 4's System.IObserver<T>.OnError method suggests just that: exceptions being passed around as error objects. Let's look at another scenario, validation. Let's say I am following conventional wisdom, and that I am therefore distinguishing between an error object type IValidationError and a separate exception type ValidationException that is used to report unexpected errors: partial interface IValidationError { } abstract partial class ValidationException : System.Exception { public abstract IValidationError[] ValidationErrors { get; } } (The System.Component.DataAnnotations namespace does something quite similar.) These types could be employed as follows: partial interface IFoo { } // an immutable type partial interface IFooBuilder // mutable counterpart to prepare instances of above type { bool IsValid(out IValidationError[] validationErrors); // true if no validation error occurs IFoo Build(); // throws ValidationException if !IsValid(…) } Now I am wondering, could I not simplify the above to this: partial class ValidationError : System.Exception { } // = IValidationError + ValidationException partial interface IFoo { } // (unchanged) partial interface IFooBuilder { bool IsValid(out ValidationError[] validationErrors); IFoo Build(); // may throw ValidationError or sth. like AggregateException<ValidationError> } Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of these two differing approaches?

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• How are objects modelled in a functional programming language?

  - by Giorgio

  In an answer to this question (written by Pete) there are some considerations about OOP versus FP. In particular, it is suggested that FP languages are not very suitable for modelling (persistent) objects that have an identity and a mutable state. I was wondering if this is true or, in other words, how one would model objects in a functional programming language. From my basic knowledge of Haskell I thought that one could use monads in some way, but I really do not know enough on this topic to come up with a clear answer. So, how are entities with an identity and a mutable persistent state normally modelled in a functional language? EDIT Here are some further details to clarify what I have in mind. Take a typical Java application in which I can (1) read a record from a database table into a Java object, (2) modify the object in different ways, (3) save the modified object to the database. How would this be implemented e.g. in Haskell? I would initially read the record into a record value (defined by a data definition), perform different transformations by applying functions to this initial value (each intermediate value is a new, modified copy of the original record) and then write the final record value to the database. Is this all there is to it? How can I ensure that at each moment in time only one copy of the record is valid / accessible? One does not want to have different immutable values representing different snapshots of the same object to be accessible at the same time.

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• What is an efficient algorithm for randomly assigning a pool of objects to a parent using specific rules

  - by maple_shaft

  I need some expert answers to help me determine the most efficient algorithm in this scenario. Consider the following data structures: type B { A parent; } type A { set<B> children; integer minimumChildrenAllowed; integer maximumChildrenAllowed; } I have a situation where I need to fetch all the orphan children (there could be hundreds of thousands of these) and assign them RANDOMLY to A type parents based on the following rules. At the end of the job, there should be no orphans left At the end of the job, no object A should have less children than its predesignated minimum. At the end of the job, no object A should have more children than its predesignated maximum. If we run out of A objects then we should create a new A with default values for minimum and maximum and assign remaining orphans to these objects. The distribution of children should be as evenly distributed as possible. There may already be some children assigned to A before the job starts. I was toying with how to do this but I am afraid that I would just end up looping across the parents sorted from smallest to largest, and then grab an orphan for each parent. I was wondering if there is a more efficient way to handle this?

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• Issue with dynamic array Queue data structure with void pointer

  - by Nazgulled

  Hi, Maybe there's no way to solve this the way I'd like it but I don't know everything so I better ask... I've implemented a simple Queue with a dynamic array so the user can initialize with whatever number of items it wants. I'm also trying to use a void pointer as to allow any data type, but that's the problem. Here's my code: typedef void * QueueValue; typedef struct sQueueItem { QueueValue value; } QueueItem; typedef struct sQueue { QueueItem *items; int first; int last; int size; int count; } Queue; void queueInitialize(Queue **queue, size_t size) { *queue = xmalloc(sizeof(Queue)); QueueItem *items = xmalloc(sizeof(QueueItem) * size); (*queue)->items = items; (*queue)->first = 0; (*queue)->last = 0; (*queue)->size = size; (*queue)->count = 0; } Bool queuePush(Queue * const queue, QueueValue value, size_t val_sz) { if(isNull(queue) || isFull(queue)) return FALSE; queue->items[queue->last].value = xmalloc(val_sz); memcpy(queue->items[queue->last].value, value, val_sz); queue->last = (queue->last+1) % queue->size; queue->count += 1; return TRUE; } Bool queuePop(Queue * const queue, QueueValue *value) { if(isEmpty(queue)) return FALSE; *value = queue->items[queue->first].value; free(queue->items[queue->first].value); queue->first = (queue->first+1) % queue->size; queue->count -= 1; return TRUE; } The problem lies on the queuePop function. When I call it, I lose the value because I free it right away. I can't seem to solve this dilemma. I want my library to be generic and modular. The user should not care about allocating and freeing memory, that's the library's job. How can the user still get the value from queuePop and let the library handle all memory allocs/frees?

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• Loading .png image from array of uint8_t into OpenGL ES texture

  - by unknownthreat

  Normally, when we want to load a texture for OpenGL ES with .png, we simply add the .png images into XCode. The .png files will be altered for optimization by XCode and these altered png files can loaded into OpenGL ES texture during the runtime. However, what I am trying to do is quite different. I am trying to load a .png file that is not from the prebuilt/compile. The png file will be transmitted externally from UDP, and it will be in the form of array of bytes. I am very sure that the png is transferred correctly, but when it comes to displaying the png image in the form of the OpenGL ES texture, the image somehow shows incorrectly. The colors that are being sent are presented but the positions are somehow very incorrect. However, the position of the colors still retain some aspects of the original position. Here: The left image shows the original .png, while the right shows the png being displayed on iPhone using OpenGL ES Texture. It looks more like the png data is not being decoded or incorrectly processed. Below is OpenGL ES code for turning the image into texture: - (void) setTextureFromImageByte: (uint8_t*)imageByte{ if (self = [super init]){ NSData* imageData = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes: imageByte length: imageLength]; UIImage* img = [[UIImage alloc] initWithData: imageData]; CGImageRef image = img.CGImage; int width = 512; int height = 512; if (image){ int tempWidth = (int)width, tempHeight = (int)height; if ((tempWidth & (tempWidth - 1)) != 0 ){ NSLog(@"CAUTION! width is not power of 2. width == %d", tempWidth); }else if ((tempHeight & (tempHeight - 1)) != 0 ){ NSLog(@"CAUTION! height is not power of 2. height == %d", tempHeight); }else{ void *spriteData = calloc(width * 4, height * 4); CGContextRef spriteContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(spriteData, width, height, 8, width*4, CGImageGetColorSpace(image), kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast); CGContextDrawImage(spriteContext, CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, width, height), image); CGContextRelease(spriteContext); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 1); glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, 320, 435, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, spriteData); free(spriteData); } }else NSLog(@"ERROR: Image not loaded..."); [img release]; [imageData release]; } } So does anyone knows how to deal with this? Is it because of iPhone only accepts altered png from XCode? What can we do in this case in order to make the png image be able to display correctly?

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• Convert List of one type to Array of another type using Dozer

  - by aheu

  I'm wondering how to convert a List of one type to an array of another type in Java using Dozer. The two types have all the same property names/types. For example, consider these two classes. public class A{ private String test = null; public String getTest(){ return this.test } public void setTest(String test){ this.test = test; } } public class B{ private String test = null; public String getTest(){ return this.test } public void setTest(String test){ this.test = test; } } I've tried this with no luck. List<A> listOfA = getListofAObjects(); Mapper mapper = DozerBeanMapperSingletonWrapper.getInstance(); B[] bs = mapper.map(listOfA, B[].class); I've also tried using the CollectionUtils class. CollectionUtils.convertListToArray(listOfA, B.class) Neither are working for me, can anyone tell me what I am doing wrong? The mapper.map function works fine if I create two wrapper classes, one containing a List and the other a b[]. See below: public class C{ private List<A> items = null; public List<A> getItems(){ return this.items; } public void setItems(List<A> items){ this.items = items; } } public class D{ private B[] items = null; public B[] getItems(){ return this.items; } public void setItems(B[] items){ this.items = items; } } This works oddly enough... List<A> listOfA = getListofAObjects(); C c = new C(); c.setItems(listOfA); Mapper mapper = DozerBeanMapperSingletonWrapper.getInstance(); D d = mapper.map(listOfA, D.class); B[] bs = d.getItems(); How do I do what I want to do without using the wrapper classes (C & D)? There has got to be an easier way... Thanks!

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• Servlet IOException when streaming a Byte Array

  - by MontyBongo

  I occasionally get an IOException from a Servlet I have that writes a byte array to the outputstream in order to provide a file download capability. This download servlet has a reasonable amount of traffic (100k hits a month) and this exception occurs rarely, around 1-2 times a month. I have tried recreating the exception by using the exact same Base64 String and no exception is raised and the Servlet behaves as designed. Is this IO Exception being caused by something outside my applications control? For example a network issue or the user resetting the connection? I have tried to google the cause of an IOException at this point in the stack but to no avail. The environment is running Tomcat 5.5 on CentOS 5.3 with an Apache HTTP Server acting as a proxy using proxy_ajp. ClientAbortException: java.io.IOException at org.apache.catalina.connector.OutputBuffer.realWriteBytes(OutputBufferjava:366) at org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.ByteChunk.append(ByteChunk.java:352) at org.apache.catalina.connector.OutputBuffer.writeBytes(OutputBuffer.java:392) at org.apache.catalina.connector.OutputBuffer.write(OutputBuffer.java:381) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteOutputStream.write(CoyoteOutputStream.java:89) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteOutputStream.write(CoyoteOutputStream.java:83) at com.myApp.Download.doPost(Download.java:34) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:710) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:269) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:188) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:691) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:469) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:403) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:301) at com.myApp.EntryServlet.service(EntryServlet.java:278) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:269) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:188) at com.myApp.filters.RequestFilter.doFilter(RequestFilter.java:16) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:215) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:188) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:210) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:172) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:117) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:108) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:151) at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProcessor.process(AjpAprProcessor.java:444) at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol$AjpConnectionHandler.process(AjpAprProtocol.java:472) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$Worker.run(AprEndpoint.java:1286) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:636) Caused by: java.io.IOException at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProcessor.flush(AjpAprProcessor.java:1200) at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProcessor$SocketOutputBuffer.doWrite(AjpAprProcessor.java:1285) at org.apache.coyote.Response.doWrite(Response.java:560) at org.apache.catalina.connector.OutputBuffer.realWriteBytes(OutputBufferjava:361) And the code in the Download Servlet: @Override protected void doPost (HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, java.io.IOException { try { response.setContentType("application/pdf"); response.setHeader("Pragma", ""); response.setHeader("Cache-Control", ""); response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "Inline; Filename=myPDFFile..pdf"); ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream(); byte[] downloadBytes = Base64.decode((String)request.getAttribute("fileToDownloadBase64")); out.write(downloadBytes); } catch (Base64DecodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); response.getOutputStream().print("An error occurred"); } }

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• Convert Console Output to Array

  - by theundertaker

  Using netsh wlan show networks mode=bssid on Windows CMD yields a listing of available wireless networks. Is it possible to convert the list, which looks something like this: Interface name : Wireless Network Connection There are 11 networks currently visible. SSID 1 : Custom Gifts Memphis Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : Open Encryption : WEP BSSID 1 : 00:24:93:0c:49:e0 Signal : 16% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 6 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 2 : airportthru Network type : Adhoc Authentication : Open Encryption : None BSSID 1 : 62:4c:fe:9c:08:18 Signal : 53% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 10 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 3 : belkin.ffe Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : WPA2-Personal Encryption : CCMP BSSID 1 : 08:86:3b:9c:8f:fe Signal : 23% Radio type : 802.11n Channel : 1 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 4 : 3333 Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : WPA2-Personal Encryption : CCMP BSSID 1 : 00:0f:cc:6d:ba:ac Signal : 18% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 6 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 22 24 36 48 54 BSSID 2 : 06:02:6f:c3:06:27 Signal : 20% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 6 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 5 : linksys Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : Open Encryption : None BSSID 1 : 98:fc:11:69:35:46 Signal : 38% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 6 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 6 : iHub_0060350392e0 Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : WPA2-Personal Encryption : CCMP BSSID 1 : 00:c0:02:7d:5f:4e Signal : 18% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 11 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 7 : TopFlight Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : WPA2-Personal Encryption : CCMP BSSID 1 : 00:14:6c:7a:c4:70 Signal : 16% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 6 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 8 : 2WIRE430 Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : WPA2-Personal Encryption : CCMP BSSID 1 : b8:e6:25:cb:56:a1 Signal : 16% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 6 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 9 : LUBIN Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : WPA-Personal Encryption : TKIP BSSID 1 : 00:13:10:8d:a7:32 Signal : 65% Radio type : 802.11g Channel : 6 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 10 : TV2 Network Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : WPA2-Personal Encryption : CCMP BSSID 1 : b8:c7:5d:07:6e:cf Signal : 79% Radio type : 802.11n Channel : 11 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 SSID 11 : guywork Network type : Infrastructure Authentication : Open Encryption : WEP BSSID 1 : 00:18:e7:cf:02:20 Signal : 15% Radio type : 802.11n Channel : 6 Basic rates (Mbps) : 1 2 5.5 11 Other rates (Mbps) : 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 ... into an array using JavaScript or C#? I know it is but it seems like it may be rather difficult. Are there other avenues of obtaining such network information in the requested format? A JavaScript object would be perfect.

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• Store a long string into mult array

  - by QLiu

  Hello All, I have a long string arrays, which looks like that var callinfo_data=new Array( "1300 135 604#<b>Monday - Friday: 9:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. AEST</b>", //Australia .. "0844000040#<b>lunedì-venerdì ore 10:00 - 17:00 CET</b>", //Switzerland (it) "212 356 9707#<b>Hafta içi her gün: 10:00 - 18:00</b>", //Turkey "08451610009#<b>Monday - Friday: 9:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. GMT</b>", //UK "866 486 6866#<b>Monday - Friday: 7:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. EST</b><br />Saturday: 9:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. EST", //USA "+31208501004#<b>Monday - Friday: 9:00 a.m. to 7:30 p.m. GMT+1</b>", //other countries " # "); As you see, it contact Phone number and open time. I can use split to separet them into info=callinfo_data[n].split("#"); two sections, And then i can represent them in HTML like "<div id ='phoneNumber'>"+info[0]+"</div><div id='openTime'>"+info[1]+"</div>" But my display phone number function will read the cookie variables, and then select the right contact info to display. Like, phone=callinfo_data[2].split("#"); if (locale == 'UK') details = phone[0]+ build_dropdown(locale); else if (locale == 'fr') details = 'French Contact Details<br>'+build_dropdown(locale); else if (locale == 'be') details = 'Belgian Contact Details<br>'+ build_dropdown(locale); else details = 'Unknown Contact Detail'; writeContactInfo(details); My questions are how I can build a function to load phone number and time based on my cookie variables, UK in a smart way. I can hard code everything, but i think it is too silly. I have to write a long code like: phone1= allinfo_data[0].split("#"); phone1= allinfo_data[1].split("#"); ... etc Second questions, how can I load this long arrays into easy access multi arrays? Thank you Regards, Qing

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• How to increment counters based on a printed array

  - by Sam Liew

  I managed to developed a simple board of 5x5 using random numbers and array. Big achievement for someone like me! :) Now I have to increment the counters depending on the frequency of the numbers. If the value within 0-49 is printed..then nCounter++ If the value within 50-75 is printed..then pCounter++ something like that. The problem is that I don't know how to increase the counters based on the printed board. Here is the code: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> int main() { //Initialize Variables int randomNumber; int rows; int columns; int hdCounter =0; int hCounter = 0; int cCounter = 0; int pCounter = 0; int nCounter = 0; //Declare board size int board[5][5]; //size of board is 5 x 5 //Create the random number generator seed srand(time(NULL)); //Assign the random numbers from 1 - 25 into variable randomNumber //Create the rows for the board for ( rows = 1; rows <= 5 ; rows++ ) { //Create the colimns for the board for ( columns = 1; columns <= 5 ; columns++ ) { //Assign variable randomNumber into variable board randomNumber = rand() %100 + 1; board[rows][columns] = randomNumber; //print the board printf("%d\t", board[rows][columns]); //calculate the frequency of numbers on the printed board if (randomNumber >= 85 && randomNumber <= 100 ) hdCounter++; else if ( randomNumber >= 75 ) hCounter++; else if ( randomNumber >= 65 ) cCounter++; else if ( randomNumber >= 50 ) pCounter++; else if ( randomNumber >= 1 ) nCounter++; else continue; } //Newline after the end of 5th column. printf("\n\n"); } printf( "N \t P \t C \t H \t HD\n\n" ); printf("%d \t %d \t %d \t %d \t %d \t", nCounter, pCounter, cCounter, hCounter, hdCounter); }//end main I tried replacing randomNumber in the if-statement with board[rows][columns] but I seem to get the same undesired results.

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• how to implement add item in spinner array adapter in android

  - by narasimha

  hi folks, i had a EditText , a button and a spinner . When click the button , the spinner will add a new item with name you entered in the EditText. But here is the question, my adapter.add() method seems doesn't work...here is my code: bt1 = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.AddBtn); et = (EditText)this.findViewById(R.id.newSpinnerItemText); spinner = (Spinner)this.findViewById(R.id.dynamicSpinner); adapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource( this, R.array.simple_from_length, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item); adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); spinner.setAdapter(adapter); bt1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { String temp = et.getText().toString(); adapter.add(temp); // adapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); spinner.setAdapter(adapter); } }); error of this file: 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at java.util.AbstractList.add(AbstractList.java:410) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at java.util.AbstractList.add(AbstractList.java:432) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.widget.ArrayAdapter.add(ArrayAdapter.java:178) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at org.example.SpinnerKiran.SpinnerKiran$1.onClick(SpinnerKiran.java:56) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2179) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.view.View.onTouchEvent(View.java:3828) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.widget.TextView.onTouchEvent(TextView.java:6291) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent(View.java:3368) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:863) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:863) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:863) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:863) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.superDispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1707) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.superDispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1197) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.app.Activity.dispatchTouchEvent(Activity.java:1993) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.dispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1691) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1525) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3948) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:782) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:540) 02-27 18:01:17.728: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1982): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

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• Decode base64 data as array in Python

  - by skerit

  I'm using this handy Javascript function to decode a base64 string and get an array in return. This is the string: base64_decode_array('6gAAAOsAAADsAAAACAEAAAkBAAAKAQAAJgEAACcBAAAoAQAA') This is what's returned: 234,0,0,0,235,0,0,0,236,0,0,0,8,1,0,0,9,1,0,0,10,1,0,0,38,1,0,0,39,1,0,0,40,1,0,0 The problem is I don't really understand the javascript function: var base64chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'.split(""); var base64inv = {}; for (var i = 0; i < base64chars.length; i++) { base64inv[base64chars[i]] = i; } function base64_decode_array (s) { // remove/ignore any characters not in the base64 characters list // or the pad character -- particularly newlines s = s.replace(new RegExp('[^'+base64chars.join("")+'=]', 'g'), ""); // replace any incoming padding with a zero pad (the 'A' character is zero) var p = (s.charAt(s.length-1) == '=' ? (s.charAt(s.length-2) == '=' ? 'AA' : 'A') : ""); var r = []; s = s.substr(0, s.length - p.length) + p; // increment over the length of this encrypted string, four characters at a time for (var c = 0; c < s.length; c += 4) { // each of these four characters represents a 6-bit index in the base64 characters list // which, when concatenated, will give the 24-bit number for the original 3 characters var n = (base64inv[s.charAt(c)] << 18) + (base64inv[s.charAt(c+1)] << 12) + (base64inv[s.charAt(c+2)] << 6) + base64inv[s.charAt(c+3)]; // split the 24-bit number into the original three 8-bit (ASCII) characters r.push((n >>> 16) & 255); r.push((n >>> 8) & 255); r.push(n & 255); } // remove any zero pad that was added to make this a multiple of 24 bits return r; } What's the function of those "<<<" and "" characters. Or is there a function like this for Python?

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• Overloading '-' for array subtraction

  - by Chris Wilson

  I am attempting to subtract two int arrays, stored as class members, using an overloaded - operator, but I'm getting some peculiar output when I run tests. The overload definition is Number& Number :: operator-(const Number& NumberObject) { for (int count = 0; count < NumberSize; count ++) { Value[count] -= NumberObject.Value[count]; } return *this; } Whenever I run tests on this, NumberObject.Value[count] always seems to be returning a zero value. Can anyone see where I'm going wrong with this? The line in main() where this subtraction is being carried out is cout << "The difference is: " << ArrayOfNumbers[0] - ArrayOfNumbers[1] << endl; ArrayOfNumbers contains two Number objects. The class declaration is #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Number { private: int Value[50]; int NumberSize; public: Number(); // Default constructor Number(const Number&); // Copy constructor Number(int, int); // Non-default constructor void SetMemberValues(int, int); // Manually set member values int GetNumberSize() const; // Return NumberSize member int GetValue() const; // Return Value[] member Number& operator-=(const Number&); }; inline Number operator-(Number Lhs, const Number& Rhs); ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const Number&); The full class definition is as follows: #include <iostream> #include "../headers/number.h" using namespace std; // Default constructor Number :: Number() {} // Copy constructor Number :: Number(const Number& NumberObject) { int Temp[NumberSize]; NumberSize = NumberObject.GetNumberSize(); for (int count = 0; count < NumberObject.GetNumberSize(); count ++) { Temp[count] = Value[count] - NumberObject.GetValue(); } } // Manually set member values void Number :: SetMemberValues(int NewNumberValue, int NewNumberSize) { NumberSize = NewNumberSize; for (int count = NewNumberSize - 1; count >= 0; count --) { Value[count] = NewNumberValue % 10; NewNumberValue = NewNumberValue / 10; } } // Non-default constructor Number :: Number(int NumberValue, int NewNumberSize) { NumberSize = NewNumberSize; for (int count = NewNumberSize - 1; count >= 0; count --) { Value[count] = NumberValue % 10; NumberValue = NumberValue / 10; } } // Return the NumberSize member int Number :: GetNumberSize() const { return NumberSize; } // Return the Value[] member int Number :: GetValue() const { int ResultSoFar; for (int count2 = 0; count2 < NumberSize; count2 ++) { ResultSoFar = ResultSoFar * 10 + Value[count2]; } return ResultSoFar; } Number& operator-=(const Number& Rhs) { for (int count = 0; count < NumberSize; count ++) { Value[count] -= Rhs.Value[count]; } return *this; } inline Number operator-(Number Lhs, const Number& Rhs) { Lhs -= Rhs; return Lhs; } // Overloaded output operator ostream& operator<<(ostream& OutputStream, const Number& NumberObject) { OutputStream << NumberObject.GetValue(); return OutputStream; }

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• How can i put my form value in javascript array

  - by Lucas van den Abbeele

  I want to make a script where i can put my form in the javascript array invoer[] and display the total It constantly stops working and i searched a lot, i really can't find the right way :D This is my javascript code var strijk = ['broek', 'hemd', 'tshirt', 'lakens', 'korte broek', 'babykledij']; var minuten = [5, 10, 5, 6, 3, 3]; function invoerstrijk() { document.write("<form action='' method='get' name='strijkform'>"); for (var a = 0; a < minuten.length; a++) { document.write(strijk[a] + "<input id='" + strijk[a] + "' name ='" + strijk[a] + "' type='text' />" + "<BR>"); } document.write("<button onclick='opgeven()'>opgeven</button>"); document.write("</form>"); } function opgeven() { var invoer = []; for (var a = 0; a < minuten.length; a++) { invoer[a] = document.getElementByI(strijk[a]).value; } var totaal; for (var a = 0; a < minuten.length; a++) { totaal += parseint(invoer[a]) * parseint(minuten[a]); } document.write("<input name=" + strijk[a] + " type='text' value=" + invoer[a] + " readonly />"); if (invoer != []) { document.write("totaal aantal minuten" + totaal); } else { document.write("geen invoer"); } } my html looks likes this <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Untitled Document</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" > //my javasccript </script> <button id="B1" onclick="invoerstrijk()" >Nieuwe strijk</button> </body> </html>

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• php zencart mod - having problems with attributes array

  - by user80151

  I inherited a zencart mod and can't figure out what's wrong. The customer selects a product and an attribute (model#). This is then sent to another form that they complete. When they submit the form, the product and the attribute should be included in the email sent. At this time, only the product is coming through. The attribute just says "array." The interesting part is, when I delete the line that prints the attribute, the products_options_names will print out. So I know that both the product and the products_options_names are working. The attribute is the only thing that is not working right. Here's what I believe to be the significant code. This is the page that has the form, so the attribute should already be passed to the form. //Begin Adding of New features //$productsimage = $product['productsImage']; $productsname = $product['productsName']; $attributes = $product['attributes']; $products_options_name = $value['products_options_name']; $arr_product_list[] = "<strong>Product Name:</strong> $productsname <br />"; $arr_product_list[] .= "<strong>Attributes:</strong> $attributes <br />"; $arr_product_list[] .= "<strong>Products Options Name:</strong> $products_options_name <br />"; $arr_product_list[] .= "---------------------------------------------------------------"; //End Adding of New features } // end foreach ($productArray as $product) ?> Above this, there is another section that has attributes: <?php echo $product['attributeHiddenField']; if (isset($product['attributes']) && is_array($product['attributes'])) { echo '<div class="cartAttribsList">'; echo '<ul>'; reset($product['attributes']); foreach ($product['attributes'] as $option => $value) { ?> Can anyone help me figure out what is wrong? I'm not sure if the problem is on this page or if the attribute isn't being passed to this page. TIA

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• Java exercise - display table with 2d array

  - by TheHacker66

  I'm struggling to finish a java exercise, it involves using 2d arrays to dinamically create and display a table based on a command line parameter. Example: java table 5 +-+-+-+-+-+ |1|2|3|4|5| +-+-+-+-+-+ |2|3|4|5|1| +-+-+-+-+-+ |3|4|5|1|2| +-+-+-+-+-+ |4|5|1|2|3| +-+-+-+-+-+ |5|1|2|3|4| +-+-+-+-+-+ What i have done so far: public static void main(String[] args) { int num = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); String[][] table = new String[num*2+1][num]; int[] numbers = new int[num]; int temp = 0; for(int i=0; i<numbers.length; i++) numbers[i] = i+1; // wrong for(int i=0; i<table.length; i++){ for(int j=0; j<num;j++){ if(i%2!=0){ temp=numbers[0]; for(int k=1; k<numbers.length; k++){ numbers[k-1]=numbers[k]; } numbers[numbers.length-1]=temp; for(int l=0; l<numbers.length; l++){ table[i][j] = "|"+numbers[l]; } } else table[i][j] = "+-"; } } for(int i=0; i<table.length; i++){ for(int j=0; j<num; j++) System.out.print(table[i][j]); if(i%2==0) System.out.print("+"); else System.out.print("|"); System.out.println();} } This doesn't work, since it prints 1|2|3|4 in every row, which isn't what i need. I found the issue, and it's because the first for loop changes the array order more times than needed and basically it returns as it was at the beginning. I know that probably there's a way to achieve this by writing more code, but i always tend to nest as much as possible to "optimize" the code while i write it, so that's why i tried solving this exercise by using less variables and loops as possible. Thanks in advance for your help!

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• Returning and printing string array index in C

  - by user1781966

  I've got a function that searches through a list of names and I'm trying to get the search function to return the index of the array back to the main function and print out the starting location of the name found. Everything I've tried up to this point either crashes the program or results in strange output. Here is my search function: #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #include<string.h> #define MAX_NAMELENGTH 10 #define MAX_NAMES 5 void initialize(char names[MAX_NAMES][MAX_NAMELENGTH], int Number_entrys, int i); int search(char names[MAX_NAMES][MAX_NAMELENGTH], int Number_entrys); int main() { char names[MAX_NAMES][MAX_NAMELENGTH]; int i, Number_entrys,search_result,x; printf("How many names would you like to enter to the list?\n"); scanf("%d",&Number_entrys); initialize(names,Number_entrys,i); search_result= search(names,Number_entrys); if (search_result==-1){ printf("Found no names.\n"); }else { printf("%s",search_result); } getch(); return 0; } void initialize(char names[MAX_NAMES][MAX_NAMELENGTH],int Number_entrys,int i) { if(Number_entrys>MAX_NAMES){ printf("Please choose a smaller entry\n"); }else{ for (i=0; i<Number_entrys;i++){ scanf("%s",names[i]); } } } int search(char names[MAX_NAMES][MAX_NAMELENGTH],int Number_entrys) { int x; char new_name[MAX_NAMELENGTH]; printf("Now enter a name in which you would like to search the list for\n"); scanf("%s",new_name); for(x = 0; x < Number_entrys; x++) { if ( strcmp( new_name, names[x] ) == 0 ) { return x; } } return -1; } Like I mentioned before I have tried a lot of different ways to try and fix this issue, but I cant seem to get them to work. Printing X like what I have above is just the last thing I tried, and therefor know that it doesn't work. Any suggestions on the simplest way to do this?

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• Printing Two Dimensional Array in Special Format

  - by user554313

  Hello everybody, I am working in a small task that allow the user to enter the regions of any country and store them in one array. Also, each time he enters a region, the system will ask him to enter the neighbours of that entered region and store these neighbours. I did the whole task but I have a small problem: I could not be able to print each region and its neighbours like the following format: Region A: neighbour1 neighbour2 Region B: neighbour1 neighbour2 For example, let us take USA map. I want to print the result as following: Washington D.C: Texas, Florida, Oregon and so on. My code is: import java.io.*; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Scanner; public class Test7{public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("Please enter the number of regions: "); int REGION_COUNT = kb.nextInt(); String[] regionNames = new String[REGION_COUNT]; String[][] regions = new String[REGION_COUNT][2]; for (int r = 0; r < regions.length; r++) { System.out.print("Please enter the name of region #" + (r + 1) + ": "); regionNames[r] = kb.next(); System.out .print("How many neighbors for region #" + (r + 1) + ": "); if (kb.hasNextInt()) { int size = kb.nextInt(); regions[r] = new String[size]; for (int n = 0; n < size; n++) { System.out.print("Please enter the neighbour #" + (n) + ": "); regions[r][n] = kb.next(); } } else System.exit(0); } for (int i = 0; i < REGION_COUNT; i++) { System.out.print(regionNames[i] +": "); for (int k = 0; k < 2; k++) { System.out.print(regions[i][k]+", "); } System.out.println(); } } }

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• Get values from HTML in a multidimensional array and calculate values using PHP

  - by Frank Nwoko

  I have searched but could not get solution on this issue. I am working on an application which will generate unknown number of items and have users select the quantity from a drop down against each item. Eg. Item(s) | price | Select qty Rice 23 3 Beans 22 4 Eggs 52 5 ... ... ... unknown Please, how can I capture the above in an array and also calculate the total value for all selected items and corresponding fees? I have the following HTML code: <form id='form1' name='form1' method='post' action='item_calc.php'> <?php ..... while($t_row = mysql_fetch_assoc($get_items)) { echo "<p><label>$t_row['$item_name'] <input type='text' READONLY name='item_price[]' value='$t_row['$item_price']' /></label> <input type='text' READONLY name='item_fees[]' value='$t_row['$item_fee']' /> <select name="item_qty"> <option value="1"> <option value="2"> <option value="3"> <option value="4"> <option value="5"> </select> </p><p>"; } echo "<label><input type='submit' name='submit' value='Submit' /></label></p> </form>"; Please, how can I get item_price[] + item_fees[] * item_qty for all selected items? This is what I have tried: for ($i = 0; $i < count($_POST['item_price']); $i++) { // Do something here with $_POST['checkbx'][$i] foreach ($_POST['item_fees'] as $tkey => $tvalue) { //echo "Key: $tkey; Value: $tvalue<br>"; } foreach ($_POST['item_price'] as $pkey => $pvalue) { //echo "Key: $pkey; Value: $pvalue<br>"; } $total = $tvalue + $pvalue; } echo $total;

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• Java looping through array - Optimization

  - by oudouz

  I've got some Java code that runs quite the expected way, but it's taking some amount of time -some seconds- even if the job is just looping through an array. The input file is a Fasta file as shown in the image below. The file I'm using is 2.9Mo, and there are some other Fasta file that can take up to 20Mo. And in the code im trying to loop through it by bunches of threes, e.g: AGC TTT TCA ... etc The code has no functional sens for now but what I want is to append each Amino Acid to it's equivalent bunch of Bases. Example : AGC - Ser / CUG Leu / ... etc So what's wrong with the code ? and Is there any way to do it better ? Any optimization ? Looping through the whole String is taking some time, maybe just seconds, but need to find a better way to do it. import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; public class fasta { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { File fastaFile; FileReader fastaReader; BufferedReader fastaBuffer = null; StringBuilder fastaString = new StringBuilder(); try { fastaFile = new File("res/NC_017108.fna"); fastaReader = new FileReader(fastaFile); fastaBuffer = new BufferedReader(fastaReader); String fastaDescription = fastaBuffer.readLine(); String line = fastaBuffer.readLine(); while (line != null) { fastaString.append(line); line = fastaBuffer.readLine(); } System.out.println(fastaDescription); System.out.println(); String currentFastaAcid; for (int i = 0; i < fastaString.length(); i+=3) { currentFastaAcid = fastaString.toString().substring(i, i + 3); System.out.println(currentFastaAcid); } } catch (NullPointerException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } finally { fastaBuffer.close(); } } }

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• SOA Suite Integration: Part 1: Building a Web Service

  - by Anthony Shorten

  Over the next few weeks I will be posting blog entries outlying the SOA Suite integration of the Oracle Utilities Application Framework. This will illustrate how easy it is to integrate by providing some samples. I will use a consistent set of features as examples. The examples will be simple and while will not illustrate ALL the possibilities it will illustrate the relative ease of integration. Think of them as a foundation. You can obviously build upon them. Now, to ease a few customers minds, this series will certainly feature the latest version of SOA Suite and the latest version of Oracle Utilities Application Framework but the principles will apply to past versions of both those products. So if you have Oracle SOA Suite 10g or are a customer of Oracle Utilities Application Framework V2.1 or above most of what I will show you will work with those versions. It is just easier in Oracle SOA Suite 11g and Oracle Utilities Application Framework V4.x. This first posting will not feature SOA Suite at all but concentrate on the capability for the Oracle Utilities Application Framework to create Web Services you can use for integration. The XML Application Integration (XAI) component of the Oracle Utilities Application Framework allows product objects to be exposed as XML based transactions or as Web Services (or both). XAI was written before Web Services became fashionable and has allowed customers of our products to provide a consistent interface into and out of our product line. XAI has been enhanced over the last few years to take advantages of the maturing landscape of Web Services in the market place to a point where it now easier to integrate to SOA infrastructure. There are a number of object types that can be exposed as Web Services: Maintenance Objects – These are the lowest level objects that can be exposed as Web Services. Customers of past versions of the product will be familiar with XAI services based upon Maintenance Objects as they used to be the only method of generating Web Services. These are still supported for background compatibility but are starting to become less popular as they were strict in their structure and were solely attribute based. To generate Maintenance Object based Web Services definition you need to use the XAI Schema Editor component. Business Objects – In Oracle Utilities Application Framework V2.1 we introduced the concept of Business Objects. These are site or industry specific objects that are based upon Maintenance Objects. These allow sites to respecify, in configuration, the structure and elements of a Maintenance Object and other Business Objects (they are true objects with support for inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation etc.). These can be exposed as Web Services. Business Services – As with Business Objects, we introduced Business Services in Oracle Utilities Application Framework V2.1 which allowed applications services and query zones to be expressed as custom services. These can then be exposed as Web Services via the Business Service definition. Service Scripts - As with Business Objects and Business Services, we introduced Service Scripts in Oracle Utilities Application Framework V2.1. These allow services and/objects to be combined into complex objects or simply expose common routines as callable scripts. These can also be defined as Web Services. For the purpose of this series we will restrict ourselves to Business Objects. The techniques can apply to any of the objects discussed above. Now, lets get to the important bit of this blog post, the creation of a Web Service. To build a Business Object, you first logon to the product and navigate to the Administration Menu by selecting the Admin Menu from the Menu action on left top of the screen (next to Home). A popup menu will appear with the menu’s available. If you do not see the Admin menu then you do not have authority to use it. Here is an example: Navigate to the B menu and select the + symbol next to the Business Object menu item. This indicates that you want to ADD a new Business Object. This menu will appear if you are running Alphabetic mode in your installation (I almost forgot that point). You will be presented with the Business Object maintenance screen. You will fill out the following on the first tab (at a minimum): Business Object – The name of the Business Object. Typically you will make it descriptive and also prefix with CM to denote it as a customization (you can easily find it if you prefix it). As I running this on my personal copy of the product I will use my initials as the prefix and call the sample Web Service “AS-User”. Description – A short description of the object to tell others what it is used for. For my example, I will use “Anthony Shorten’s User Object”. Detailed Description – You can add a long description to help other developers understand your object. I am just going to specify “Anthony Shorten’s Test Object for SOA Suite Integration”. Maintenance Object – As this Business Service is going to be based upon a Maintenance Object I will specify the desired Maintenance Object. In this example, I have decided to use the Framework object USER. Now, I chose this for a number of reasons. It is meaningful, simple and is across all our product lines. I could choose ANY maintenance object I wished to expose (including any custom ones, if I had them). Parent Business Object – If I was not using a Maintenance Object but building a child Business Object against another Business Object, then I would specify the Parent Business Object here. I am not using Parent’s so I will leave this blank. You either use Parent Business Object or Maintenance Object not both. Application Service – Business Objects like other objects are subject to security. You can attach an Application Service to an object to specify which groups of users (remember services are attached to user groups not users) have appropriate access to the object. I will use a default service provided with the product, F1-DFLTS ,as this is just a demonstration so I do not have to be too sophisticated about security. Instance Control – This allows the object to create instances in its objects. You can specify a Business Object purely to hold rules. I am being simple here so I will set it to Allow New Instances to allow the Business Object to be used to create, read, update and delete user records. The rest of the tab I will leave empty as I want this to be a very simple object. Other options allow lots of flexibility. The contents should look like this: Before saving your work, you need to navigate to the Schema tab and specify the contents of your object. I will save some time. When you create an object the schema will only contain the basic root elements of the object (in fact only the schema tag is visible). When you go to the Schema Tab, on the dashboard you will see a BO Schema zone with a solitary button. This will allow you to Generate the Schema for you from our metadata. Click on the Generate button to generate a basic schema from the metadata. You will now see a Schema with the element tags and references to the metadata of the Maintenance object (in the mapField attribute). I could spend a while outlining all the ways you can change the schema with defaults, formatting, tagging etc but the online help has plenty of great examples to illustrate this. You can use the Schema Tips zone in the for more details of the available customizations. Note: The tags are generated from the language pack you have installed. The sample is English so the tags are in English (which is the base language of all installations). If you are using a language pack then the tags will be generated in the language of the user that generated the object. At this point you can save your Business Object by pressing the Save action. At this point you have a basic Business Object based on the USER maintenance object ready for use but it is not defined as a Web Service yet. To do this you need to define the newly created Business Object as an XAI Inbound Service. The easiest and quickest way is to select + off the XAI Inbound Service off the context menu on the Business Object maintenance screen. This will prepopulate the service definition with the following: Adapter – This will be set to Business Adaptor. This indicates that the service is either Business Object, Business Service or Service Script based. Schema Type – Whether the object is a Business Object, Business Service or Service Script. In this case it is a Business Object. Schema Name – The name of the object. In this case it is the Business Object AS-User. Active – Set to Yes. This means the service is available upon startup automatically. You can enable and disable services as needed. Transaction Type – A default transaction type as this is Business Object Service. More about this in later postings. In our case we use the default Read. This means that if we only specify data and not a transaction type then the product will assume you want to issue a read against the object. You need to fill in the following: XAI Inbound Service – The name of the Web Service. Usually people use the same name as the underlying object , in the case of this example, but this can match your sites interfacing standards. By the way you can define multiple XAI Inbound Services/Web Services against the same object if you want. Description and Detail Description – Documentation for your Web Service. I just supplied some basic documentation for this demonstration. You can now save the service definition. Note: There are lots of other options on this screen that allow for behavior of your service to be specified. I will leave them blank for now. When you save the service you are issued with two new pieces of information. XAI Inbound Service Id is a randomly generated identifier used internally by the XAI Servlet. WSDL URL is the WSDL standard URL used for integration. We will take advantage of that in later posts. An example of the definition is shown below: Now you have defined the service but it will only be available when the next server restart or when you flush the data cache. XAI Inbound Services are cached for performance so the cache needs to be told of this new service. To refresh the cache you can use the Admin –> X –> XAI Command menu item. From the command dropdown select Refresh Registry and press Send Command. You will see an XML of the command sent to the server (the presence of the XML means it is finished). If you have an error around the authorization, then check your default user and password settings on the XAI Options menu item. Be careful with flushing the cache as the cache is shared (unless of course you are the only Web Service user on the system – In that case it only affects you). The Web Service is NOW available to be used. To perform a simple test of your new Web Service, navigate to the Admin –> X –> XAI Submission menu item. You will see an open XML request tab. You need to type in the request XML you want to test in the Main tab. The first tag is the XAI Inbound Service Name and the elements are as per your schema (minus the schema tag itself as that is only used internally). My example is as follows (I want to return the details of user SYSUSER) – Remember to close tags. Hitting the Save button will issue the XML and return the response according to the Business Object schema. Now before you panic, you noticed that it did not ask for credentials. It propagates the online credentials to the service call on this function. You now have a Web Service you can use for integration. We will reuse this information in subsequent posts. The process I just described can be used for ANY object in the system you want to expose. This whole process at a minimum can take under a minute. Obviously I only showed the basics but you can at least get an appreciation of the ease of defining a Web Service (just by using a browser). The next posts now build upon this. Hope you enjoyed the post.

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• Using machine learning to aim mirrors in a solar array?

  - by Buttons840

  I've been thinking about solar collectors where several independent mirrors to focus the light on a solar collector, similar to the following design from Energy Innovations. Because there will be flaws in the assembly of this solar array, I am proceeding with the following assumptions (or lack thereof): The software knows the "position" of each mirror, but doesn't know how this position relates to the real world or to other mirrors. This will account for poor mirror calibration or other environmental factors which may effect one mirror but not the others. If a mirror moves 10 units in one direction, and then 10 units in the opposite direction, it will end up where it originally started. I would like to use machine learning to position the mirrors correctly and focus the light on the collector. I expect I would approach this as an optimization problem, optimizing the mirror positions to maximize the heat inside the collector and the power output. The problem is finding a small target in a noisy high-dimensional space (considering each mirror has 2 axis of rotation). Some of the problems I anticipate are: cloudy days, even if you stumble upon the perfect mirror alignment, it might be cloudy at the time noisy sensor data the sun is a moving target, it moves along a path, and follows a different path every day - although you could calculate the exact position of the sun at any time, you wouldn't know how that position relates to your mirrors My question isn't about the solar array, but possible machine learning techniques that would help in this "small target in a noisy high dimensional-space" problem. I mentioned the solar array because it was the catalyst for this question and a good example. What machine learning techniques can find such a small target in a noisy high-dimensional space? EDIT: A few additional thoughts: Yes, you can calculate the suns position in the real world, but you don't know how the mirrors position is related to the real world (unless you've learned it somehow). You might know the suns azimuth is 220 degrees, and the suns elevation is 60 degrees, and you might know a mirror is at position (-20, 42); now tell me, is that mirror correctly aligned with the sun? You don't know. Lets assume you have some very sophisticated heat measurements, and you know "with this heat level, there must be 2 mirrors correctly aligned". Now the question is, which two mirrors (out of 25 or more) are correctly aligned? One solution I considered was to approximate the correct "alignment function" using a neural network which would take the suns azimuth and elevation as input and output a large array with 2 values for each mirror which correspond to the 2 axis of each mirror. I'm not sure what the best training method is though.

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