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  • How can I "override" deepcopy in Python?

    - by Az
    Hi there, I'd like to override __deepcopy__ for a given SQLAlchemy-mapped class such that it ignores any SQLA attributes but deepcopies everything else that's part of the class. I'm not particularly familiar with overriding any of Python's built-in objects in particular but I've got some idea as to what I want. Let's just make a very simple class User that's mapped using SQLA. class User(object): def __init__(self, user_id, name): self.user_id = user_id self.name = name I've used dir() to see, before and after mapping, what SQLAlchemy-specific attributes there are and I've found _sa_class_manager and _sa_instance_state. Provided those are the only ones how would I ignore that when defining __deepcopy__? Also, are there any attributes the SQLA injects into the mapped object? (I asked this in a previous question (as an edit a few days after I selected an answer to the main question, though) but I think I missed the train there. Apologies for that.)

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  • How to create a non-persistent Elixir/SQLAlchemy object?

    - by siebert
    Hi, because of legacy data which is not available in the database but some external files, I want to create a SQLAlchemy object which contains data read from the external files, but isn't written to the database if I execute session.flush() My code looks like this: try: return session.query(Phone).populate_existing().filter(Phone.mac == ident).one() except: return self.createMockPhoneFromLicenseFile(ident) def createMockPhoneFromLicenseFile(self, ident): # Some code to read necessary data from file deleted.... phone = Phone() phone.mac = foo phone.data = bar phone.state = "Read from legacy file" phone.purchaseOrderPosition = self.getLegacyOrder(ident) # SQLAlchemy magic doesn't seem to work here, probably because we don't insert the created # phone object into the database. So we set the id fields manually. phone.order_id = phone.purchaseOrderPosition.order_id phone.order_position_id = phone.purchaseOrderPosition.order_position_id return phone Everything works fine except that on a session.flush() executed later in the application SQLAlchemy tries to write the created Phone object to the database (which fortunatly doesn't succeed, because phone.state is longer than the data type allows), which breaks the function which issues the flush. Is there any way to prevent SQLAlchemy from trying to write such an object? Ciao, Steffen

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  • How to disable translations during unit tests in django?

    - by Denilson Sá
    I'm using Django Internationalization tools to translate some strings from my application. The code looks like this: from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _ def my_view(request): output = _("Welcome to my site.") return HttpResponse(output) Then, I'm writing unit tests using the Django test client. These tests make a request to the view and compare the returned contents. How can I disable the translations while running the unit tests? I'm aiming to do this: class FoobarTestCase(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): # Do something here to disable the string translation. But what? # I've already tried this, but it didn't work: django.utils.translation.deactivate_all() def testFoobar(self): c = Client() response = c.get("/foobar") # I want to compare to the original string without translations. self.assertEquals(response.content.strip(), "Welcome to my site.")

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  • Decorators vs. classes in python web development.

    - by Tristan
    I've noticed three main ways Python web frameworks deal request handing: decorators, controller classes with methods for individual requests, and request classes with methods for GET/POST. I'm curious about the virtues of these three approaches. Are there major advantages or disadvantages to any of these approaches? To fix ideas, here are three examples. Bottle uses decorators: @route('/') def index(): return 'Hello World!' Pylons uses controller classes: class HelloController(BaseController): def index(self): return 'Hello World' Tornado uses request handler classes with methods for types: class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.write("Hello, world") Which style is the best practice?

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  • Objective-C - Unloading loaded view when it is swapped

    - by teepusink
    Hi, What is the best way to do view management in a multiview application? Right now I have this ViewSwitcher method/function that comes from a custom delegate I created. The code is a whole bunch of if else like this MyViewController *c = [[MyViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"MyViewController" bundle:nil]; c.delegate = self; self.myViewController = c; [self.viewHolder insertSubview:c.view atIndex:0]; [c release]; That works fine, but when I visited the function a second time, is there going to be 2 instances of MyViewController now or just 1? How do I unload MyViewController when I switch to another view? Or is there a better way to manage my views? Thanks, Tee

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  • NSTextField doesn't display text

    - by Alexsander Akers
    The NSTextField has a superview and a frame. It is fully visible and has the following declaration: - (id) initWithFrame: (NSRect) frameRect { if ((self = [super initWithFrame: NSMakeRect(0, 0, 300, 20)])) { label = [[NSTextField alloc] initWithFrame: NSMakeRect(47, 1, 233, 18)]; [[label cell] setAllowsUndo: NO]; [[label cell] setLineBreakMode: NSLineBreakByTruncatingMiddle]; [[label cell] setScrollable: NO]; [label setBezeled: NO]; [label setBordered: NO]; [label setDrawsBackground: NO]; [label setEditable: NO]; [label setFont: [NSFont menuFontOfSize: 14.0f]]; [label setSelectable: NO]; [label setTextColor: [NSColor textColor]]; [self addSubview: label]; NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromRect([label visibleRect])); } return self; }

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  • Custom constructors for models in Google App Engine (python)

    - by Nikhil Chelliah
    I'm getting back to programming for Google App Engine and I've found, in old, unused code, instances in which I wrote constructors for models. It seems like a good idea, but there's no mention of it online and I can't test to see if it works. Here's a contrived example, with no error-checking, etc.: class Dog(db.Model): name = db.StringProperty(required=True) breeds = db.StringListProperty() age = db.IntegerProperty(default=0) def __init__(self, name, breed_list, **kwargs): db.Model.__init__(**kwargs) self.name = name self.breeds = breed_list.split() rufus = Dog('Rufus', 'spaniel terrier labrador') rufus.put() The **kwargs are passed on to the Model constructor in case the model is constructed with a specified parent or key_name, or in case other properties (like age) are specified. This constructor differs from the default in that it requires that a name and breed_list be specified (although it can't ensure that they're strings), and it parses breed_list in a way that the default constructor could not. Is this a legitimate form of instantiation, or should I just use functions or static/class methods? And if it works, why aren't custom constructors used more often?

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  • Problem of import DBI module - Complication Failed in require

    - by Winnie
    Hi All, I have a problem when I use the DBI module in scritp .pm. please help thanks you package CC; use DBI; use strict; use Alias; my $dbFile = 'XXXXXXXX.db'; my $db = DBI-connect("dbi:SQLite:$dbFile","","", {RaiseError =1, AutoCommit = 1})or "Unable to connect: $DBI::errstr\n"; use Alias qw(attr); our ($CURRENTOFFSET,@LANGUAGE); sub new { my $that = shift; my $class = ref($that)|| $that; my $self = { CURRENTOFFSET= undef, LANGUAGE = [] }; bless($self, $class); return $self; }

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  • Showing custom model validation exceptions in the Django admin site.

    - by Guy Bowden
    I have a booking model that needs to check if the item being booked out is available. I would like to have the logic behind figuring out if the item is available centralised so that no matter where I save the instance this code validates that it can be saved. At the moment I have this code in a custom save function of my model class: def save(self): if self.is_available(): # my custom check availability function super(MyObj, self).save() else: # this is the bit I'm stuck with.. raise forms.ValidationError('Item already booked for those dates') This works fine - the error is raised if the item is unavailable, and my item is not saved. I can capture the exception from my front end form code, but what about the Django admin site? How can I get my exception to be displayed like any other validation error in the admin site?

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  • What's the Difference Between These Two Ruby Class Initialization Definitions?

    - by michaelmichael
    I'm working through a book on Ruby, and the author used a slightly different form for writing a class initialization definition than he has in previous sections of the book. It looks like this: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) self.venue = venue self.date = date end end In previous sections of the book, it would've been defined like this: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) @venue = venue @date = date end end Is there any functional difference between using the setter method, as in the first example, vs. using the instance variable as in the second? They both seem to work. Even mixing them up works: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) @venue = venue self.date = date end end

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  • django form creation on init

    - by John
    Hi, How can I add a field in the form init function? e.g. in the code below I want to add a profile field. class StaffForm(forms.ModelForm): def __init__(self, user, *args, **kwargs): if user.pk == 1: self.fields['profile'] = forms.CharField(max_length=200) super(StaffForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) class Meta: model = Staff I know I can add it just below the class StaffForm.... line but I want this to be dynamic depending on what user is passed in so can't do it this way. Thanks

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  • Can't send flash message from Model method

    - by Andy
    Hello, I'm trying to prevent a record that has a relationship to another record from being deleted. I can stop the deletion but not send a flash message as I had hoped! class Purchaseitem < ActiveRecord::Base before_destroy :check_if_ingredient ... def check_if_ingredient i = Ingredient.find(:all, :conditions => "purchaseitem_id = #{self.id}") if i.length > 0 self.errors.add(:name) flash.now[:notice] = "#{self.name} is in use as an ingredient and cannot be deleted" return false end end This will prevent a the delete wihthout the flash line, and when I add it I get: undefined local variable or method `flash' for # Any help would be much appreciated!

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  • Errors in Decimal Calcs within def clean method?

    - by allanhenderson
    I'm attempting a few simple calculations in a def clean method following validation (basically spitting out a euro conversion of retrieved uk product price on the fly). I keep getting a TypeError. Full error reads: Cannot convert {'product': , 'invoice': , 'order_discount': Decimal("0.00"), 'order_price': {...}, 'order_adjust': None, 'order_value': None, 'DELETE': False, 'id': 92, 'quantity': 8} to Decimal so I guess django is passing through the entire cleaned_data form to Decimal method. Not sure where I'm going wrong - the code I'm working with is: def clean_order_price(self): cleaned_data = self.cleaned_data data = self.data order_price = cleaned_data.get("order_price") if not order_price: try: existing_price = ProductCostPrice.objects.get(supplier=data['supplier'], product_id=cleaned_data['product'], is_latest=True) except ProductCostPrice.DoesNotExist: existing_price = None if not existing_price: raise forms.ValidationError('No match found, please enter new price') else: if data['invoice_type'] == 1: return existing_price.cost_price_gross elif data['invoice_type'] == 2: exchange = EuroExchangeRate.objects.latest('exchange_date') calc = exchange.exchange_rate * float(existing_price.cost_price_gross) calc = Decimal(str(calc)) return calc return cleaned_data If the invoice is of type 2 (a euro invoice) then the system should grab the latest exchange rate and apply that to the matching UK pound price pulled through to get euro result. Should performing a decimal conversion be a problem within def clean method? Thanks

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  • MPMediaickerController memory leak identified by Leaks instrument

    - by Joe
    This is code from Apple's Addmusic example. MPMediaPickerController *picker = [[MPMediaPickerController alloc] initWithMediaTypes: MPMediaTypeMusic]; picker.delegate = self; picker.allowsPickingMultipleItems = YES; picker.prompt = NSLocalizedString (@"Add songs to play", "Prompt in media item picker"); // The media item picker uses the default UI style, so it needs a default-style // status bar to match it visually [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setStatusBarStyle: UIStatusBarStyleDefault animated: YES]; [self presentModalViewController: picker animated: YES]; [picker release]; I'm using this code in my app and the Leaks instrument highlights a leak on the line: [self presentModalViewController: picker animated: YES]; I think that this is because this line retains a reference to picker which cannot be subsequently released. Is there any way around this or is Leaks incorrectly identifying a leak?

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  • What's the Difference Between These Two Ruby Class Initialaztion Definitions?

    - by michaelmichael
    I'm working through a book on Ruby, and the author used a slightly different form for writing a class initialization definition than he has in previous sections of the book. It looks like this: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) self.venue = venue self.date = date end end In previous sections of the book, it would've been defined like this: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) @venue = venue @date = date end end Is there any functional difference between using the setter method, as in the first example vs. using the instance variable in the second? They both seem to work. Even mixing them up seems to work: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) @venue = venue self.date = date end end

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  • iPhone: How can you draw a piece of an image

    - by Mark
    Code sample - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { [super drawRect:rect]; CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); CGContextSaveGState(context); CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 0, self.frame.size.height); CGContextScaleCTM(context, 1.0, -1.0); CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height), [UIImage imageNamed:@"sample.png"].CGImage); CGContextRestoreGState(context); } ================ I would like to copy a certain rect within an image to the context, so not the entire image is drawn but just a piece of the image. Does anyone have a solution for this? I can't find anything on google nor the documentation. I know there are alternatives like: 1. Create a UIView with clipping and then just position the UIImageView within it. 2. Create the UIImageView within the UIScrollView and use content offset. But I think those are lame...

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  • Django admin proper urls inside listview

    - by hinnye
    Hi, My current target is to give users the chance to download CSV files from the admin site of my application. I successfully managed to create an additional column in the model's list view this way: def doc_link(self): return '<a href="files/%s">%s</a>' % (self.output, self.output) doc_link.allow_tags = True This shows the file name and creates the link, but sadly - because it's inside my 'searches' view - it has an URL: my_site/my_app/searches/files/13.csv. This is my problem, I would like to have my files stored in the admin media directory, like this: http://my_site/media/files/13.csv Does somebody know how to give url which points "outer" from the model's directory? Maybe somehow tell Django to use the ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX in the link? I'd really appreciate any help, thanks!

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  • Right design to validate attributes of a class instance

    - by systempuntoout
    Having a simple Python class like this: class Spam(object): __init__(self, description, value): self.description = description self.value = value Which is the correct approach to check these constraints: "description cannot be empty" "value must be greater than zero" Should i: 1.validate data before creating spam object ? 2.check data on __init__ method ? 3.create an is_valid method on Spam class and call it with spam.isValid() ? 4.create an is_valid static method on Spam class and call it with Spam.isValid(description, value) ? 5.check data on setters? 6.... Could you recommend a well designed\Pythonic\not verbose (on class with many attributes)\elegant approach?

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  • MFMessageComposeViewControllerDelegate error - black screen

    - by user1053839
    I'm using the following code to show in-app sms. My app don't have a status bar. (I'm using 320x480 pixels screen in portrait view). the problem is that when I load the controller, the screen becomes black as you can see from the image... http://desmond.imageshack.us/Himg211/scaled.php?server=211&filename=schermata092456187alle1.png&res=landing this is the code: MFMessageComposeViewController *picker = [[MFMessageComposeViewController alloc] init]; picker.messageComposeDelegate = self; picker.recipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject:@"123456789"]; // your recipient number or self for testing picker.body = @"test"; [self presentModalViewController:picker animated:YES];

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  • What is the default fontsize, fontname and shadow for titles in Navigation Bar?

    - by user292952
    I'm trying to have a button on the self.navigationItem.rightButton that toggles a segmented control that is placed in self.navgivationItem.titleView .. this will however remove the title that is first set by self.title when the navbar is created .. I dont know if my approach is bad but I figured I could rotate between a UILabel and the Segmented Control in the titleView. It works as I would like it to, however I cant figure out what size and font and shadowoffset and shadowcolor the default titles in a navigation bar is .. could you help me with a solution that either not force me to override the navigationItem.titleView or help me figure out the information needed to make a UILabel look exactly like the default titles. Thankful for any help.

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  • ivar is inside two blocks

    - by Desperate Developer
    I have an ivar like this declared on interface: BOOL controllerOK; I have to use this ivar inside a block that resides itself in a block. Something like myBlockl = ^(){ [self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:^(){ if (controllerOK) [self doStuff]; }]; }; If I try to do that, I see an error capturing self strongly in this block is likely to lead to a retain cycle for the if (controllerOK) line. This does not appear to be one of those blocks problems that you create another variable using __unsafe_unretained before the block starts. First because this instruction cannot be used with a BOOL and second because the ivar controllerOK has to be tested on runtime inside the block. Another problem is that the block itself is declared on the interface, so it will be used outside the context where it is being created. How do I solve that?

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  • How to add a custom loglevel to Python's logging facility

    - by tuergeist
    Hi, I'd like to have loglevel TRACE (5) for my application as I don't think that debug() is enought. Additionally log(5, msg) isn't what I want. The question is, how can I add a custom log level to a Python logger? Actually I've a mylogger.py with the following content: import logging @property def log(obj): myLogger = logging.getLogger(obj.__class__.__name__) return myLogger In my code I use it in the following way: class ExampleClass(object): from mylogger import log def __init__(self): '''The constructor with the logger''' self.log.debug("Init runs") Now I'd like to call self.log.trace("foo bar") Thanks in advance for your help.

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  • Why does initWithFrame have the wrong frame value?

    - by greypoint
    I have a subclass of UIButton called INMenuCard and I am overriding the initWithFrame to include an activity indicator. The menuCard places correctly but any internal reference to "frame" give me "inf,inf,0,0" which means my activityIndicator subview is not placed correctly. What might I be missing? @implementation INMenuCard - (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) { CGRect innerFrame = CGRectInset(frame, 50.0f, 100.0f); activityIndicator = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithFrame:innerFrame]; activityIndicator.activityIndicatorViewStyle = UIActivityIndicatorViewStyleWhite; [self addSubview:activityIndicator]; } return self; } I am instantiating INMenuCard with (debugging shows the CGRect values are correct): CGRect cardFrame = CGRectMake(cardX, cardStartY, cardWidth, cardHeight); INMenuCard *menuCard = [[INMenuCard buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom] initWithFrame:cardFrame]; [theView addSubView:menuCard];

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  • Rails ActiveRecord - How to set association save order

    - by Altonymous
    I have a weird relationship that needs to be maintained for legacy processes. I'm trying to figure out how to create the relationship given the new model association. New Relationship Setup Machine has_many MachineReadings has_many Disks has_many DiskReadings Old Relationship Setup Machine has_many MachineReadings has_many DiskReadings has_many Disks The problem is data will come in on the Machine model as nested attributes using the new relationship setup. I need to update the machine_reading_id in the DiskReading model so the old association can continue to be used. I tried doing this via an after_save hook that would traverse back up to the machine and then down to the readings to get the machine_reading.id so I could populate the DiskReading model. However, the associations aren't being saved in the order I would expect. They are saving the Disks & DiskReadings before saving the MachineReadings. So when I go after the machine_reading.id it hasn't been written and thus I am unable to get access to it. For example: #machine_disk_reading.rb after_save :build_old_relationship def build_old_relationship self.machine_reading_id = self.disk.machine.readings.find_by_date_time(self.date_time).id end

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  • how to close layer that showed in other layer in cocos2d-iphone

    - by yegomo
    I have one layer called alayer, and there is a button called abutton, when click the button, another layer called blayer will show in alayer, not replaceScene, please look at the following code, alayer.m -(void)abuttonclicked:(id)sender { blayer *blayer = [blayer node]; blayer.position = ccp(1,1); [self addChild:blayer]; } blayer.m has a button called bbutton and string value called bstring, I want to click the b button, it will close blayer (remove blayer from alayer), and pass the string value bstring to alayer, please look at following code, -(void)bbuttonclicked:(id)sender { // how can do here to close its self(remove its self from alayer), and pass the bstring to alayer? } thanks. ps. I can use NSUserDefault to pass the string value, but I think it's a bad way to do this, is there another way to pass value?

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