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  • Caching DNS server (bind9.2) CPU usage is so so so high

    - by Gk.
    I have a caching-only dns server which get ~3k queries per second. Here is specs: Xeon dual-core 2,8GHz 4GB of RAM Centos 5x (kernel 2.6.18-164.15.1.el5PAE) bind 9.4.2 rndc status: recursive clients: 666/4900/5000 About 300 new queries (not in cache) per second. Bind always uses 100% on one core on single-thread config. After I recompiled it to multi-thread, it uses nearly 200% on two core :( No iowait, only sys and user. I searched around but didn't see any info about how bind use CPU. Why does it become bottleneck? One more thing, here is RAM usage: cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 4147876 kB MemFree: 1863972 kB Buffers: 143632 kB Cached: 372792 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 1916804 kB Inactive: 276056 kB I've set max-cache-size to 0 to make sure bind can use as much RAM as it want, but it always stop at ~2GB. Since every second we got not cached queries so theoretically RAM must be exhausted but it wasn't. Do you have any idea? TIA, -Gk

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  • Iptables Allow MYSQL server incoming requests

    - by thompatry
    I am trying to get my new MediaWiki server to allow connections to our MySql Server and right now I cannot get my iptables firewall set up right for this. The rule I am applying is the following iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -d 129.130.155.39 --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT # MySQL But my iptables log is still show that the connections can not be established and is being blocked/denied. Nov 21 09:48:39 hds-it kernel: Firewall Deny: [OUTPUT] IN= OUT=eth1 SRC=129.130.155.210 DST=129.130.155.39 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=29232 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=58862 DPT=3306 SEQ=914529531 ACK=0 WINDOW=14600 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03BCF2BC0000000001030307) When I turn off iptables, everything works as it should including editing the wiki database. What am I doing wrong with my rule.

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  • Why is my ethernet interface in promiscuous mode

    - by nhed
    I read that seeing a flag of M in netstat -i is the way to tell which of your interfaces is in promiscuous mode I run it and I see that eth1 is in promiscuous mode $ netstat -i Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg eth1 1500 0 1770161198 0 0 0 57446481 0 0 0 BMRU lo 16436 0 97501566 0 0 0 97501566 0 0 0 LRU This seems to be the case on all the machines I checked (All Centos6.0, both virtual and physical), any idea why ethernet devices would be in such a mode unless someone was running any pcap based app (sudo lsof | grep pcap shows nothing)? I did not see any mention of promiscuous in any of the config files (sudo grep -r promis /etc) Any ideas what puts the interface into that mode and why? p.s. most of the posts I see seem to be security related, this is not that

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  • Routing using Linux with 2 NIC cards

    - by Kevin Parker
    Configured Clear OS to be in Gateway mode on a machine with two NIC cards. eth0:192.168.2.0/24 with ip 192.168.2.27 which is connected to a modem and thus have internet connectivity. eth1:192.168.122.0/24 with ip 192.168.122.10 which is connected to other machines in LAN through switch. LAN machines with network 192.168.122.0 is not getting internet.How can they get internet Through Clear OS gateway.I have enabled packet forwarding in clear os using "ip_forward=1" What am i missing?.Can you please help me in this. Following are the static routing i have added: on LAN machine1 with ip address 192.168.122.11 ip route add 192.168.2.0/24 via 192.168.122.10 dev eth0 ip route show 192.168.2.0/24 via 192.168.122.10 dev eth0 192.168.122.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.11 But still 192.168.2.0/24 network is not reachable.Where can be the problem??

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  • Linux: disbale USB without disabling power

    - by Ergot
    TLDR I want toggle between the following usages of a usb-port via the terminal: use like a normal usb-port only supply energy to charge Story I recently got me something like a magna doodle that can save your drawings to pdf, which can be moved to your computer via usb afterwards. Now the thing is that you can't save anything while it's plugged in. Because it's the only way to charge it, it bugs me that I can't find a software solution and laziness I want to keep it plugged in and toggle the connection to the computer only when needed. I noticed that it's charging and usable when it is plugged in and the computer is shut down or suspened. So I guess that there's a way to do it. Tech info computer: ThinkPad X201 Linux Kernel: 3.14.5-1-ARCH "Magna doodle": Boogie Board Sync

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  • Compiling LAMP from source - apache2 error “no MPM package installed”

    - by kenny99
    Hi, I've compiled LAMP from source on a Ubuntu VPS. I had to remove a previously installed version of Apache then I manually compiled all the packages, which seems to have worked up unto a point - however, when I try to run commands like "/etc/init.d/apache2 restart" I get the following error - No apache MPM package installed. I have installed mpm-prefork so I don't know why i'm getting this problem. My configure command is as follows: ./configure --enable-so --enable-modules=most --with-mpm=prefork I have deliberately not used apt-get to install anything and want to avoid this if possible. Anyone have any guidance on how to resolve this error? Thanks in advance

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  • Are there any command line utilities which can calculate and/or limit how fast a pipe is running?

    - by stsquad
    I'm doing some basic stress testing of a Linux kernel network IWF with netcat. The set-up is fairly simple. On the target side: nc -l -p 10000 > /dev/null And on my desktop I was running: cat /dev/urandom | nc 192.168.0.20 10000 I'm using urandom for some poor-mans fuzz testing. However I find that even at this rate I can break something quite quickly. EDIT So I've been playing with trickle to rate limit how fast I'm generating data: cat /dev/urandom | trickle -u 10 nc 192.168.0.20 10000 But it's hard to tell if this is working. What would be really useful is a the pv equivilent of trickle that can work with pipes.

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  • How to remotely install Linux via SSH?

    - by netvope
    I need to remotely install Ubuntu Server 10.04 (x86) on a server currently running RHEL 3.4 (x86). I'll have to be very careful because no one can press the restart button for me if anything goes wrong. Have you ever remotely installed Linux? Which way would you recommend? Any advice for things to watch out? Update: Thanks for your help. I managed to "change the tires while driving"! The main components of my method are drawn from HOWTO - Install Debian Onto a Remote Linux System, grub legacy: Booting once-only, grub single boot and kernel panic reboot , and Ubuntu Community Documentation: InstallationFromKnoppix Here is the outline of what I did: Run debootstrap on an existing Ubuntu server Transfer the files to the swap partition of the RHEL 3.4 server Boot into tha swap partition (the debootstrap system) Transfer the files to the original root partition Boot into the new Ubuntu system and finish up the installation with tasksel, apt-get, etc I tested the method in a VM and then applied to the server. I was lucky enough that everything went smoothly :)

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  • How can I audit a Linux filesystem for files which have been changed or added within a specific time

    - by Bcos
    We are a website design/hosting company running several sites on a Linux server using Joomla 1.5.14 and recently someone was able exploit a vulnerability in the RW Cards component to write arbitrary files/modify existing files on our filesystem enabling them to do some nasty things to our customers sites. We have removed vulnerable modules from all sites but are still seeing some problems. We suspect that they still have some scripts installed and need a way to audit anything that has been changed or added in the last 10 days. Is there a command or script we can run to do this?

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  • Why it's not possible to compile on a different OS than end-user OS [closed]

    - by sameold
    I was trying to compile a php extension on Windows and ran into some trouble. I then thought it was possible to do the compilation for Windows on Linux, but turned out that wasn't possible. Can someone explain to me why compiling has to be done on the same OS? I'm trying to understand this topic, specifically because if I want to distribute something, does that mean I have to compile it on all these OSs (Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP, Linux, Mac, etc. etc. etc.) So what makes it not possible to compile for one OS on another? Is it the kernel or what?

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  • optimizing mod_fcgid for a dediciated site

    - by Mike Williams
    i'm using mod_fcgid and I'm trying to find resources on how i can optimize it for running a dedicated website but have had no luck... so far i have: ive got apache2 running and im trying to have php processes spawned and always running so apache does not have to keep spawning them. # Fastcgi configuration for PHP5 LoadModule fcgid_module modules/mod_fcgid.so MaxRequestsPerProcess 5000 # Maximum number of PHP processes. MaxProcessCount 8 # Number of seconds of idle time before a process is terminated IPCCommTimeout 1800 IdleTimeout 1800 AddHandler fcgid-script .php5 .php4 .php .php3 .php2 .phtml FCGIWrapper /usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5 .php5 FCGIWrapper /usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5 .php4 FCGIWrapper /usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5 .php FCGIWrapper /usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5 .php3 FCGIWrapper /usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5 .php2 FCGIWrapper /usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5 .phtml

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  • Meaning of Bridge-Check in iptables flowchart

    - by networkIT
    In the famous iptables flow-chart what does bridge-check exactly stands for ? I couldn't find any documentation. The only clue I found was while scanning the MikroTik RouterOS documentation ( RouterOS is build upon a Linux 2.6.16 kernel ), I found this : In-interface Bridge = Checks if the input interface is a port for a bridge or is the bridge. Manual:Packet Flow Comparing both flow-charts brings clues that iptables Bridge-check might equal MikroTik In-Interface Bridge. Is this true ? Else, what might be the meaning of iptables Bridge-Check ?

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  • If using a bootable Ubuntu USB drive, can I use the internal hard drive as a temporary download and

    - by NoCatharsis
    I am new to Linux, so this is probably a basic problem... My flash drive is only 4GB in size and that is not enough to hold kernel and other package updates, even if only temporary. I am actually using Kubuntu, but I don't think this would change the nature of the question...? I would just like to be able to set my download directory to the internal drive to download the upgrades, then replace the old versions installed on the USB. Of course I have no use for keeping the older versions, so would I also have to manually remove those after upgrading?

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  • How to automatically set default quota limits for users on XFS filesystem, when the new account is created

    - by acidburn2k
    I guess the title explains the problem pretty well. Do you have an idea for a mechanism, which will automatically assign default quota values for every new account created (sort as the skel scheme works, but in this area)? Now, I am looking for a generic clean solution, not some ugly cron based scripts, or wrapper scripts for creating users. I would also like to avoid any external, unmaintained stuff (like forgotten pam modules, and such). Anything what could lead to overhead and extra work in future isn't really the solution, nor is checking for new accounts every minute.

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  • after install python 2.7.3 yum is broken

    - by user468587
    i installed libxml2-2.9.0 and libxslt-1.1.27 then yum is broken any yum command that i ran i got the result of : There was a problem importing one of the Python modules required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was: No module named yum Please install a package which provides this module, or verify that the module is installed correctly. It's possible that the above module doesn't match the current version of Python, which is: 2.4.3 (#1, Jan 21 2009, 01:11:33) [GCC 4.1.2 20071124 (Red Hat 4.1.2-42)] If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to the yum faq at: http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq then i thought python version is way too old and install python 2.7.3 and install it from scratch, after some wrong trials it got worse and worse, now when i run 'python -V' i got version 'Python 2.7.3', when i run '/usr/bin/python -V', it returned 'python-2.4.3-24.el5', and no matter what i did the yum is still broken with that message. how can i get yum back? my os is: linux 2.6.18-164.11.1.el5 x86_64 GNU/Linux

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  • Why does my macbook pro keep freezing?

    - by mac
    Once in a while my macbook pro 10.8.2 freezes for a couple of seconds, this is really annoying. Mouse gets frozen, I can't move it, and screen gets frozen. These are the last messages from the kernel, how to solve this? Sandbox: sandboxd(38380) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd Sandbox: sandboxd(38410) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd Sandbox: sandboxd(38429) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd Sandbox: sandboxd(38463) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd Sandbox: sandboxd(38495) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd Sandbox: sandboxd(38513) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd Sandbox: sandboxd(38550) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd Sandbox: sandboxd(38581) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd Sandbox: sandboxd(38599) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd CODE SIGNING: cs_invalid_page(0x1000): p=38605[GoogleSoftwareUp] clearing CS_VALID Sandbox: sandboxd(38632) deny mach-lookup com.apple.coresymbolicationd

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  • Need help upgrading MacBookPro3,1 RAM to 4GB.

    - by Fantomas
    My questions are: 1) Where to buy it and what to buy? I have heard that this RAM is generic enough and it does not have to come from Apple. 2) Can I reuse my existing stick(s)? Would I have a single 2GB module, or 2 x 1GB modules? 3) If I have 2GB already, is it a good idea to have one old stick and one new one? Which one is better placed at the top and which one at the bottom? Let me know what questions you have. My computer's info: Hardware Overview: Model Name: MacBook Pro Model Identifier: MacBookPro3,1 Processor Name: Intel Core 2 Duo Processor Speed: 2.4 GHz Number Of Processors: 1 Total Number Of Cores: 2 L2 Cache: 4 MB Memory: 2 GB Bus Speed: 800 MHz Boot ROM Version: MBP31.0070.B07 SMC Version (system): 1.16f11

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  • xf86OpenConsole: Cannot open /dev/tty0 (No such file or directory)

    - by mazgalici
    root@mazgalici:~# startx X.Org X Server 1.7.6 Release Date: 2010-03-17 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.24-28-server i686 Ubuntu Current Operating System: Linux mazgalici 2.6.18-194.26.1.el5.028stab079.2PAE #1 SMP Fri Dec 17 19:34:22 MSK 2010 i686 Kernel command line: quiet Build Date: 10 November 2010 11:25:26AM xorg-server 2:1.7.6-2ubuntu7.4 (For technical support please see ) Current version of pixman: 0.16.4 Before reporting problems, check to make sure that you have the latest version. Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational, (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Tue Jan 11 01:28:48 2011 (==) Using config directory: "/usr/lib/X11/xorg.conf.d" Fatal server error: xf86OpenConsole: Cannot open /dev/tty0 (No such file or directory) Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support at http://wiki.x.org for help. Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information. ddxSigGiveUp: Closing log

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  • Xen 4.1 host (dom0) with blktap disks ("tap:aio:") not connecting

    - by Manwe
    Problem using blktap with xen-4.1 running Ubuntu Precise stock kernel with dom0 xen-4.1. I get: [ 5.580106] XENBUS: Waiting for devices to initialise: 295s...290s. ... [ 300.580288] XENBUS: Timeout connecting to device: device/vbd/51713 (local state 3, remote state 1) And some syslog lines: May 17 13:07:30 localhost logger: /etc/xen/scripts/blktap: add XENBUS_PATH=backend/tap/10/51713 May 17 13:07:31 localhost logger: /etc/xen/scripts/blktap: Writing backend/tap/10/51713/hotplug-status connected to xenstore. with tap:aio: disk lines. file:/ works. disk = [ 'tap:aio:/data/root.img,xvda1,w', ] Problem exists with lucid and precises domU kernels and both guests work in Ubuntu hardy dom0 Host 64bit 2.6.24-28-xen xen-3.3 3.2.0-24-generic #37-Ubuntu SMP Wed Apr 25 08:43:22 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Release: 12.04 Codename: precise

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  • Why do I have no TTY on a basic Ubuntu 9.10 server install?

    - by pr1001
    I have reinstalled Ubuntu 9.10 Server several times on a bog standard 1RU server and each time I finish the install and reboot I see GRUB run and am then presented with a black screen. The machine is running just fine, as I am able to SSH in, but I can't see anything on the attached monitor. I have a simple LCD screen connected via VGA and a signal is apparently being output to it, as it doesn't go asleep. Looking at /var/log/syslog I see: Mar 24 14:57:44 bridge5 rsyslogd-2039: Could no open output file '/dev/xconsole' [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2039 ] However, I later see: Mar 24 14:57:44 bridge5 kernel: [ 0.001368] console [tty0] enabled Any thoughts? Thanks!

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  • NTFS write speed really slow (<15MB/s)

    - by Zulakis
    I got a new Seagate 4TB harddrive formatted with ntfs using parted /dev/sda > mklabel gpt > mkpart pri 1 -1 mkfs.ntfs /dev/sda1 When copying files or testing writespeed with dd, the max writespeed I can get is about 12MB/s. The harddrive should be capable of atleast 100MB/s. top shows high cpu usage for the mount.ntfs process. The system has a AMD dualcore. This is the output of parted /dev/sda unit s print: Model: ATA ST4000DM000-1F21 (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 7814037168s Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 2048s 7814035455s 7814033408s pri The used kernel is 3.5.0-23-generic. The ntfs-3g versions I tried are ntfs-3g 2012.1.15AR.1 (ubuntu 12.04 default) and the newest version ntfs-3g 2013.1.13AR.2. When formatted with ext4 I get good write speeds with about 140MB/s. How can I fix the writespeed?

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  • Recommend AntiVirus for Plesk 8.6.0 + CentOS 5

    - by cappuccino
    I am using a virtual server on Media Temple running CentOS 5 and Pleak 8.6.0, I have done all their security recommendations and more some, blocking everything except http and mail, string passwords and running Rootkit Hunter daily. But i'm thinking I should run a antivirus of some sort? I'm still new to Linux CentOS security so please forgive :)... Can you recommend a good antivirus/antispyware software for CentOS 5 and Plesk 8.6.0? I've been searching for some plesk modules and have come across a few like Kaspersky, not sure which one to use... Any tips on security would be good too.

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  • Homebrew build with different arch?

    - by StasM
    I tried to install mysql-connector-c recipe via homebrew, and it builds just fine, but produces x86_64 library: $file ~/brew/lib/libmysql.dylib .../brew/lib/libmysql.dylib: Mach-O 64-bit dynamically linked shared library x86_64 I however need i386 library for my project. I tried to give it CFLAGS and LDFLAGS like this: CFLAGS="-arch i386 -arch x86_64" LDFLAGS="-arch i386 -arch x86_64" brew install mysql-connector-c but nothing changes - it still builds x86_64 only binary. Is there any way to make homebrew build either dual arch library or i386 library? I have kernel architecture set to x86_64, if it matters.

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  • Entire filesystem restore from rdiff-backup snapshot

    - by atmosx
    I'm trying to make a complete system restore from an rdiff-backup. The cli for backing was: rdiff-backup --exclude-special-files --exclude /tmp --exclude /mnt --exclude /proc --exclude /sys / /mnt/backup/ebox/ I created a new partition mounted the partition at /mnt/gentoo and did: rdiff-backup -r /mnt/vol2 /mnt/gentoo However when I try to chroot to this system (following gentoo's manual, which means mounting /dev/ and /proc) I get the following error: chroot: failed to run command/bin/bash': No such file or directory` All this takes place on a Parallels (virtual machine) Debian installation. Any ideas on how to proceed in order to fully restore the system? Best Regards ps. /mnt/gentoo/bin/bash works fine if I execute it. All files and permissions are in place rdiff-backup seems to work just fine. However the system cannot neither boot (exits with kernel panic - cannot find init) or be chrooted.

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  • Symfony sfControlPanel 500 error only when executing 'tasks'

    - by rrlange
    As a bit of background, I recently had to restore a Symfony site from backup. Ever since the 'successful' restore, I am running into an exception when trying to execute a(ny) task via the web-based sfControlPanel: Unable to find PHP executable stack trace * at sfToolkit::getPhpCli() in SF_ROOT_DIR/plugins/sfControlPanelPlugin/modules/sfControlPanel/actions/actions.class.php line 93 FYI: symfony version 1.0.6 PHP 5.2.6 (cli) (built: May 2 2008 16:06:40) Apache/2.2.3 CentOS 5.* Thank you very much for any and all suggestions as to what might be amiss. Addendum: I neglected to mention that I can the frontend app (and certain backend apps) perfectly fine via the web. I am also able to run common tasks via the command line (cc etc.).

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