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• Cannot install grub to RAID1 (md0)

  - by Andrew Answer

  I have a RAID1 array on my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and my /sda HDD has been replaced several days ago. I use this commands to replace: # go to superuser sudo bash # see RAID state mdadm -Q -D /dev/md0 # State should be "clean, degraded" # remove broken disk from RAID mdadm /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda1 mdadm /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sda1 # see partitions fdisk -l # shutdown computer shutdown now # physically replace old disk by new # start system again # see partitions fdisk -l # copy partitions from sdb to sda sfdisk -d /dev/sdb | sfdisk /dev/sda # recreate id for sda sfdisk --change-id /dev/sda 1 fd # add sda1 to RAID mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sda1 # see RAID state mdadm -Q -D /dev/md0 # State should be "clean, degraded, recovering" # to see status you can use cat /proc/mdstat This is the my mdadm output after sync: /dev/md0: Version : 0.90 Creation Time : Wed Feb 17 16:18:25 2010 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 470455360 (448.66 GiB 481.75 GB) Used Dev Size : 470455360 (448.66 GiB 481.75 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Nov 1 15:19:31 2012 State : clean Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 92e6ff4e:ed3ab4bf:fee5eb6c:d9b9cb11 Events : 0.11049560 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 After bebuilding completion "fdisk -l" says what I have not valid partition table /dev/md0. This is my fdisk -l output: Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00057d19 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 940910984 470455461 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda2 940910985 976768064 17928540 5 Extended /dev/sda5 940911048 976768064 17928508+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000667ca Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 940910984 470455461 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdb2 940910985 976768064 17928540 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 940911048 976768064 17928508+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/md0: 481.7 GB, 481746288640 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 117613840 cylinders, total 940910720 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table This is my grub install output: root@answe:~# grub-install /dev/sda /usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: Attempting to install GRUB to a disk with multiple partition labels or both partition label and filesystem. This is not supported yet.. /usr/sbin/grub-setup: error: embedding is not possible, but this is required for cross-disk install. root@answe:~# grub-install /dev/sdb Installation finished. No error reported. So 1) "update-grub" find only /sda and /sdb Linux, not /md0 2) "dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc" says "GRUB failed to install the following devices /dev/md0" I cannot load my system except from /sdb1 and /sda1, but in DEGRADED mode... Anybody can resolve this issue? I have big headache with this.

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• Celery - minimize memory consuption

  - by Andrew

  We have ~300 celeryd processes running under Ubuntu 10.4 64-bit , in idle every process takes ~19mb RES, ~174mb VIRT, thus - it's around 6GB of RAM in idle for all processes. In active state - process takes up to 100mb of RES and ~300mb VIRT Every process uses minidom(xml files are < 500kb, simple structure) and urllib. Quetions is - how can we decrease RAM consuption - at least for idle workers, probably some celery or python options may help? How to determine which part takes most of memory?

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• How to disable autocmd or augroup in vim?

  - by Andrew Vit

  Given I have a group of commands such as: augroup MyGroup autocmd CursorMoved * silent call MyCommandOne() augroup END I want to disable all the autocommands in MyGroup for a time and then re-enable it later. Is there anything I can do with the group? Specifically, is there a way to disable the whole group at once? If not, what can I do to disable individual commands? Looking at the help, I only see a few options: augroup! will delete the whole group: I don't think this is right since I will want to re-enable it again. (But maybe there's a way to easily redefine the group again?) :noautocmd will only disable the callbacks for a one-off invocation of a command. (And it disables all autocmds, not specified ones) eventignore addresses the event binding, not the command: it sounds like it disables all bound commands for a given event, not just one command or a group I can specify. How is this done?

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• How to install/configure ffmpeg to compress mp4 videos for flash player delivery?

  - by Andrew Fulton

  We have a flash web-app that created interactive video, and are using ffmpeg to do some compression/resizing when a user "publishes" their project. The user can upload flv files and mp4 files, both of which play fine in the Flash UI before publishing. After publishing the flv files work fine, but the mp4 files will not play in the flash player: Audio will play but video won't. The mp4 files will play fine if I download them and play them in the Quicktime player but if I attempt to open them in the Adobe Media Player it reports "The media file does not contain a supported video track". If I open the Movie inspector in quicktime it tells me that the original file is an "h264" video and the ffmpeg-processed ones are "mpeg-4". I have tried forcing it to h264 by adding flags like -f h264 and -vcodec h264 but I get a screenfull of errors (no frame, illegal POC type, sps_id out of range) ending with Could not find codec parameters (Video: h264) h264 will show up if I run ffmpeg -formats and ffmpeg -codecs, and as I said it will play fine in Quicktime. Is there anything else I need to do to convince the flash player to play them? Is there anything else I need to tell you about the server that will help?

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• How can i easily gather hardware information for bug report submission?

  - by Andrew Bolster

  Hi folks, I think I have found a bug in Ubuntu 10.04 beta, but since its a fairly vague problem of non booting after an install (Question Here) i wanted to know what information to gather? Summary of question: Install of 10.04 goes happily, but boots to a frozen un-responsive splash screen

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• what does the @ symbol mean in ls -l directory listing?

  - by Andrew Arrow

  When I run ls -l on my mac I see two .yml files: -rw-r--r-- 1 aa staff 6 Apr 15 05:50 s1.yml -rw-r--r--@ 1 aa staff 362 Apr 15 05:49 s3.yml same owner, same permissions but one has a @ at the end of the permisions. The one with the @ shows up in my editor, the one without does not. So there must be some significance. How can I turn on the @ for the file without it? I selected the files in the finder and did get info and everything looks identical between the two files.

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• What is good usage scenario for Rackspace Cloud Files CDN (powered by AKAMAI) [closed]

  - by Andrew Smith

  I have just setup my website as static page via Rackspace CDN / Akamai. www.example.co.uk is an alias for d9771e6f24423091aebc-345678991111238fabcdef6114258d0e1.r61.cf3.rackcdn.com. d9771e6f24423091aebc-345678991111238fabcdef6114258d0e1.r61.cf3.rackcdn.com is an alias for a61.rackcdn.com. a61.rackcdn.com is an alias for a61.rackcdn.com.mdc.edgesuite.net. a61.rackcdn.com.mdc.edgesuite.net is an alias for a63.dscg10.akamai.net. a63.dscg10.akamai.net has address 63.166.98.41 a63.dscg10.akamai.net has address 63.166.98.40 a63.dscg10.akamai.net has IPv6 address 2001:428:4c02::cda8:ecb9 a63.dscg10.akamai.net has IPv6 address 2001:428:4c02::cda8:ed09 The HTTP header: HTTP/1.0 200 OK Last-Modified: Fri, 19 Oct 2012 23:27:41 GMT ETag: fdf9e14b77def799e09e8ce815a521da X-Timestamp: 1350689261.23382 Content-Type: text/html X-Trans-Id: tx457979be3bd746c2b4e5403a1189cdbc Cache-Control: public, max-age=900 Expires: Sat, 27 Oct 2012 22:18:56 GMT Date: Sat, 27 Oct 2012 22:03:56 GMT Content-Length: 7124 Connection: keep-alive I am wondering, if it's really the fastest solution to power the website? By investigating it thru http://www.just-ping.com/ it seems, that from many places the ping is very high, and during quick investigation I found that they use GeoIP to resolve addresses based on WHOIS, which is not accurate and because of that from many places the ping is above 300ms (for example, if ISP is in balgladore and request is routed to bangladore even if it's 300ms, for period of 1 month), while by just using Amazon Web Services and Route 53 Anycast DNS servers and only 4 EC2 instances it seems that for example India is always below 100ms, while using Akamai it goes above 300ms in some cases, and this is because Route 53 is using BGP. By quickly checking the Akamai, it seems that they are not getting feedback from the traffic - the high ping stays constant even if I keep downloading large files and videos, which is opposite to what they say on their website. They state, that they optimize the performance by taking feedback from the requests, while it seems they just use GeoIP with per City resolution (which are mostly big cities). Because of this, AWS with Route 53 / Anycast DNS seems to be much more reliable, as well EdgeCast which is using BGP, but I dont know how much does it cost to deploy static website. Actually, I dont know if EdgeCast is not a lie, because from isolated places there are many errors - so their performance is at the cost of quality of delivery, because of BGP switching the routes during transfer of large files. So I was wondering, what is really Akamai good for, because they dont seem to pose any strength in any field in what I do understand now, except they offer some software based WAF on their website, but what I really care about is the core distribiution, so the question is? Is really Akamai good for Videos? For static websites? ??? I found so far AWS most usable with most consistent ping and stable transfers.

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• 2Wire USB Network Adapter Not Working With Windows 7

  - by Andrew

  I installed Windows 7 on a separate drive, and everything works fine, but I can't get the above network adapter to work properly. It's displayed in Device Manager as a USB device, and I have the driver that makes it function in Vista, but when I run the Driver Wizard and direct it to directory where I have the Vista driver, it almost immediately says "Can't install driver." Is there any work around to this?

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• Firefox only shows a black window over RDP

  - by Andrew Aylett

  I have a Windows 7 desktop running Firefox 4. If I remote-desktop (RDP) from another PC into my already-running session, the Firefox window turns black. Flash applications are still visible, if I'm on a tab with one, and I can apparently interact with Firefox normally, I just can't see anything in the window. I'm after an explanation, if possible, and (even better!) a workaround or fix that doesn't involve a different web browser :).

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• Automatically mount a remote folder on boot

  - by Andrew

  I'm trying to mount a Windows folder on my Ubuntu machine on start up. I've tried following this page here, modifying /etc/fstab and appending sshfs#my_user@remote_host:/path/to/directory <local_mount_point> fuse user 0 0 to it, but it fails; on start up, I get an error saying that the mounting failed, and I can press S to skip or M to recover manually. I also tried following this page here, appending /usr/bin/sshfs -o idmap=user my_user@remote_host:/path/to/directory <local_mount_point> to the /etc/rc.local file, but this doesn't help either; Ubuntu just boots up normally without mounting. I have Cygwin installed on my Windows machine, and I can run everything smoothly, such as sshing without passwords, and mounting it manually. I've also tried to run the modified rc.local file $ /etc/rc.local, and it works perfectly, but I just can't seem to get the folder mounted on start up. Can someone help me?

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• OAS log files filling up hard drive

  - by Andrew Hampton

  We've had issues with log files for Oracle Application Server filling up the hard drive on our server. The files are in the /network/admin folder and are named server.log_XXXXX.trc and client.log_XXXXX.trc where XXXXX are 5 digits. The files are typically anywhere from 1-2MB in size but can be up to 100MB and thousands of them are created at a rate of about 5-10 per minute. Does anyone know how to disable these logs? Thanks!

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• Ubuntu 9.04 Cannot Connect to visible open wifi ap (reason 6)

  - by Andrew Bolster

  I'm travelling currently so the last network i connected successfully to was my home wpa-psk network. I hadn't tried anything until i got to my accommodation that is an open network (that I'm on now on the Win7 partition on my laptop). The network (and a similar archetypical 'linksys' open network, aswell as some protected local networks are correctly displayed in network-manager and upon selection, it happily spins around to its hearts content for a while before saying 'no chance boy'. /var/log/syslog spills out the usual combination of wpa_supplicant and kernel messages, the most interesting of are that the kernel deauthentication reason 6 response. 6 apparently means class2FrameFromNonAuthStation...Client attempted to transfer data before it was authenticated. Anyone seen anything like this? I've already tried going closer to the router to no avail. I don't remember seeing this any other time I've connected to a open AP, even if that AP is far away. (Signal strength for this AP is good, kismet says its around -57dBm, well above the threshold of -80dBm, and I've tried all the suggestions from the 'Related Questions'

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• How do I set up different configurations on an Ubuntu laptop based on different physical locations?

  - by Andrew Larned

  I'm looking for a way to have a couple (or three) multiple configurations set up on my laptop, and easily switch between them. To be more specific, when my laptop is at work, it's plugged into a second monitor, and has a specific set of networks configurations. At home, the second monitor is gone, the network configurations are different. At a public wireless point there are other configurations to set, etc. I know I can go into my preferences and turn on/turn off the monitor, and mess with the networking preferences, and so on, but I'm looking for a way to change a bunch of preferences all at once, and if it's possible to do that automatically, maybe based on the wireless APs in the vicinity, that would be even better.

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• Transferring an SQL Processor License to a virtual hosted environment

  - by Andrew Shepherd

  My company is currently hosting a service in-house, and we want to move to an externally hosted environment. We would then be using a virtual server. I understand that this might be spread across multiple machines, but from my perspective as a customer, this layer is abstracted away - I shouldn't know or care about the hardware that the OS is hosted on. We have a licensed edition of SQL Server 2008. This is one Processor license. Will it be a violation of the licensing agreement to use this in a virtual environment. From the reference guide here it says When licensed Per Processor With Workgroup, Web, and Standard editions, for each server to which you have assigned the required number of per processor licenses, you may run, at any one time, any number of instances of the server software in physical and virtual operating system environments on the licensed server. However, the total number of physical and virtual processors used by those operating system environments cannot exceed the number of software licenses assigned to that server For enterprise edition there is an added option: if all physical processors in a machine have been licensed, then you may run unlimited instances of SQL server 2008 in one physical and an unlimited number of virtual operating environments on that same machine. I'm having trouble getting my head around this. Would I theoretically have to get a license for every processor in this virtual environment (which is effectively impossible because I have no way of knowing how many processors there actually are)? Or can I just say that it's hosted on one "virtual" server, so that's OK?

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• Joining new DC to AD - DNS name does not exist

  - by Andrew Connell

  I had a DC fail on me recently and trying to add a new one to my domain, although I'm sensing I might have other issues in my domain. I'm a dev at heart and know just enough about AD to be dangerous so looking for some assistance. My working DC is RIVERCITY-DC12. I'm trying to promote RIVERCITY-DC14 as a DC to the RIVERCITY domain, but when I run DCPROMO, at the NETWORK CREDENTIALS step where I point to the name of the domain (rivercity.local), I get "An AD DC for the domain rivercity.local cannot be contacted" and in the details see "The error was DNS name does not exist" Looking at RIVERCITY-DC12, I can see DNS is working, I've been able to query it from other machines in my domain, and no errors are reported in the DNS category within the Event Viewer. When I checked the FMSO roles, it shows RIVERCITY-DC12 is the machine for all listed roles. Not sure what I should do next or how to troubleshoot/investigate after searching around for a solution... ideas? Environment: Domain: rivercity (rivercity.local) Forest functional level: Windows 2000 (I'm more than happy to raise this) Windows Server 2008 All servers are Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 (fully patched)

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• PC doesn't power up anymore

  - by Andrew

  I will tell you the story behind the problem. The computer needed to be reinstalled, it has 2 HDDs so I had to un-plug one to see which is which, to save as much data as possible. After unplugging the first one, it booted with the reinstallation CD, it wasn't the HDD I was looking for so I turned it off and unplugged the other one. After unplugging and turning on, right after booting test, the HDD was turned off, only the CPU fan was working. Turned it off with the power supply's button help, holding the power button didn't do it. And now it doesn't want to turn on anymore. I tried with another test power supply but the result is the same, doesn't want to turn on. Any idea?

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• Sync desktop Mac environment to laptop

  - by Andrew Vit

  I spend the majority of my time working at my desktop Mac, which I have configured for my web development environment. My spouse has a MacBook for casual use, and I occasionally steal it back when I need to work off-site, or when travelling. The question is how to best synchronize the two so I can switch between them more readily. I've solved a few obvious things by using online services: Email is hosted on IMAP. Working files are in Dropbox. Source code is managed in git. However, the following are things I always miss when jumping on the laptop: Installed Applications (current versions) Installed libraries & utilities (/usr/local) Apache VirtualHosts & other configurations (/etc) Disk image files for VMs My current method is to connect the MacBook via Firewire target mode and rsync the /Users/me home directory, and then cherry-pick the other items I need from Applications, /etc and /usr/local. The problem with this method is that it can be very time consuming due to things like my virtual machine image files, cached emails, etc. How can I make this faster & easier? Can you recommend a solution for configuration management (so I can repeatably install & configure the same software on both), or synchronization (so I can bring the MacBook up to date nightly, over our home network)?

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• Memory management (segmentation and paging) in 80286 and 80386: How does it work?

  - by Andrew J. Brehm

  I found lots of Web sites and books explaining how memory management worked on the 8086 and later x86 CPUs in Real Mode. I understand, I think, how two 16 bit values, segment address and offset are combined to get a linear 20 bit physical address (shift segment four bits to the left, add offset; segments are 64K and start every 16 bytes). But I couldn't find any good Web sites or books that explained how memory management works in Protected Mode, specifically the differences between 80286 and 80386. Can anyone point me to a good Web site or book (or explain it right here)? (For extra credit, i.e. an upvote, how does it work in Long Mode?)

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• How to extract jpegs from a video file using ffmpeg

  - by Andrew Simpson

  I am using C# and ffmpeg. In this scenario I have 279 individual jpegs and i have used ffmpeg to create a AVI file from these images on my client. CMD Line: -f image2 -r 10 -i "C:\000EC902F17F\img%05d.jpg" -s 352x288 -y "C:\1\test.avi" I then upload to my server. CMD Line: -i c:\1\1.avi c:\1\img-%05d.jpg I then extract jpegs from the AVI file. I get 265 jpegs back. Obviously ffmpeg is dropping these frames (most probable) when the avi is 1st created. Is there a way to 'force' to encode using ALL the images I have? Thanks. PS I did not specify any command line option other than the size of the video output. As far as I am aware if none are specified then ffmpeg automatically chooses the best ones?

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• Programs keep waiting for external disk to spin up - how to ignore disk?

  - by Andrew J. Brehm

  Like many Mac users I have an external Firewire disk hooked up to my Mac to be used by Time Machine. This works very well, backup-wise. The problem is that very often when I use a Mac application and try to open a file, the file selection dialogue window hangs until the external disk has spun up. I never ever want to open a file on the external disk. Sometimes this happens even when I just want to save a file I already saved (i.e. type something and press meta-s). Is there anything I can do about this?

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• Disable Certain Firefox Plugins System-wide by Default

  - by Andrew Case

  I have firefox installed system-wide for all our users. Unfortunately the Adobe Reader Plug-in is rather flakey and doesn't work some of the time. As a result I want to disable the plug-in by default for all our users, but still allow them to enable it if they want via the standard Tools-Add-ons-Plug-ins menu option. How can I have this plug-ins enabled/disabled status be disabled by default? I've been able to configure system-wide configurations before by setting preferences in the mozilla root folder file defaults/pref/all.js, but enabled/disabled plugins doesn't appear to be configured in the preferences. [edit 1]: I found 'How to manage firefox plugins in pluginreg.dat file' which explained some of the formatting of the pluginreg.dat file. From there I could see flags are masked as follows (from nsPluginHostImpl.h): #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_ENABLED 0x0001 // is this plugin enabled? #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_OLDSCHOOL 0x0002 // is this a pre-xpcom plugin? #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_FROMCACHE 0x0004 // this plugintag info was loaded from cache #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_UNWANTED 0x0008 // this is an unwanted plugin #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_BLOCKLISTED 0x0010 // this is a blocklisted plugin But is there a way to add this to the defaults so that that NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_ENABLED is removed by default?

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• Best practice for scaling a single application source to multiple nodes

  - by Andrew Waters

  I have an application which needs to scale horizontally to cover web and service nodes (at the moment they're all on one) but interact with the same set of databases and source files (both application code and custom assets). Database is no problem, it's handled already with replication in MongoDB. Also, the configuration of the servers are the same (100% linux). This question is literally about sharing a filesystem between machines so that its content is always correct, regardless of the node accessing it. My two thoughts have so far been NFS and SAN - SAN being prohibitively expensive and NFS seeing some performance issues on the second node with regards to glob()ing in PHP. Does anyone have recommended strategies or other techniques that don't involved sharding data across nodes or any potential gotchas in NFS that may cause slow disk seek times? To give you an idea of the scale, the main node initialises it's application modules in ~ 0.01 seconds. The secondary is taking ~2.2 seconds. They're VM's inside a local virtual network in ESXi and ping time between them is ~0.3ms

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• How to test if DNS information has propagated?

  - by Andrew

  I set up a new DNS entry for one of my subdomains (I haven't set up any Apache virtual hosts or anything like that yet). How can I check that the DNS information has propagated? I assumed that I could simply ping my.subdomain.com and assume that if it could resolve, it would show the IP address I specified in the A record. However, I don't know if I am assuming correctly. What is the best way to check this information?

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• How to reliably recieve message from AWS that my instance was rebooted / terminated / stopped?

  - by Andrew Smith

  I have Nagios, and I want it to stop monitoring instances when they are stopped from the console. The requirements are: The message passed from AWS is 100R% reliable, e.g. when Nagios is down, and the message cannot be delivered, it will be re-delivered promptly when Nagios is up The message will pass quickly There is no need to scan status of all instances via EC2 API all the time, but only once a while Many thanks!

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• nginx redirect proxy

  - by andrew

  I have a web app running on a nginx server on local ip 192.168.0.30:80 I have this in my etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 w.myapp.in If someone accesses my app using a "w" subdomain, it shows a webdav interface, otherwise it runs normally (for example, someone calls http://myapp.in , it goes into the app, and http://w.myapp.in goes into webdav interface - this is done within the app, nginx has nothing to do with it) Because I don't have a dns or anything like that, users must access the app by ip. A problem appears if someone wants to access the webdav interface, because you cannot access the app by a subdomain - unless you write a line in your local hosts file, which is not a solution) A possible solution If it's possible to setup the nginx server so that if someone calls http://192.168.0.30 (on port 80), it goes normally into the app, but if a user tries to access say http://192.168.0.30:81 (another defined port) it redirects internally to w.myapp.in, and the app sees the subdomain Given the app, can this be done? If yes, what should I put in the nginx config file? And if you guys think of a better solution, I'm open to any.

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