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• What are appropriate ways to represent relationships between people in a database table?

  - by Emilio

  I've got a table of people - an ID primary key and a name. In my application, people can have 0 or more real-world relationships with other people, so Jack might "work for" Jane and Tom might "replace" Tony and Bob might "be an employee of" Rob and Bob might also "be married to" Mary. What's the best way to represent this in the database? A many to many intersect table? A series of self joins? A relationship table with one row per relationship pair and type, where I insert records for the relationship in both directions?

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• What are some best practises and "rules of thumb" for creating database indexes?

  - by Ash

  I have an app, which cycles through a huge number of records in a database table and performs a number of SQL and .Net operations on records within that database (currently I am using Castle.ActiveRecord on PostgreSQL). I added some basic btree indexes on a couple of the feilds, and as you would expect, the peformance of the SQL operations increased substantially. Wanting to make the most of dbms performance I want to make some better educated choices about what I should index on all my projects. I understand that there is a detrement to performance when doing inserts (as the database needs to update the index, as well as the data), but what suggestions and best practices should I consider with creating database indexes? How do I best select the feilds/combination of fields for a set of database indexes (rules of thumb)? Also, how do I best select which index to use as a clustered index? And when it comes to the access method, under what conditions should I use a btree over a hash or a gist or a gin (what are they anyway?).

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• Style guide for database metadata naming

  - by Nulldevice

  We want to establish some database metadata naming rules in our new project. For example: tables are named as nouns in a plural form (courses, books, lessons) if present, an adjective goes before a noun in a table name and is separated by an underscore (red_books, new_lessons) table index column is always named "id" foreign key names are derived from a table name with suffix _id (book_id, red_book_id) so on Does someone know any guide like this?

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• Need help to create database schema for wholesale online tee store

  - by techiepark

  Hi, I'm currently working on wholesale online t-shirt shop. I have done this for fixed quantity and price, and its working fine. Now i need to do this for variable quantity and price. Here is the reference link, like what i have to do. Basic tables i have created are - CREATE TABLE attribute ( attribute_id int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, name varchar(100) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (attribute_id) ); CREATE TABLE attribute_value ( attribute_value_id int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, attribute_id int(11) NOT NULL, value varchar(100) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (attribute_value_id), KEY idx_attribute_value_attribute_id (attribute_id) ); CREATE TABLE product ( product_id int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, name varchar(100) NOT NULL, description varchar(1000) NOT NULL, price decimal(10,2) NOT NULL, image varchar(150) default NULL, thumbnail varchar(150) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (product_id), FULLTEXT KEY idx_ft_product_name_description (name,description) ); CREATE TABLE product_attribute ( product_id int(11) NOT NULL, attribute_value_id int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (product_id,attribute_value_id) ); I'm not getting how to store the price based on variable quantity. Please help me to create product and its related tables. my requirement is same as above reference link.

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• Writing fortran robust and "modern" code

  - by Blklight

  In some scientific environments, you often cannot go without FORTRAN as most of the developers only know that idiom, and there is lot of legacy code and related experience. And frankly, there are not many other cross-platform options for high performance programming ( C++ would do the task, but the syntax, zero-starting arrays, and pointers are too much for most engineers ;-) ). I'm a C++ guy but I'm stuck with some F90 projects. So, let's assume a new project must use FORTRAN (F90), but I want to build the most modern software architecture out of it. while being compatible with most "recent" compilers (intel ifort, but also including sun/HP/IBM own compilers) So I'm thinking of imposing: global variable forbidden, no gotos, no jump labels, "implicit none", etc. "object-oriented programming" (modules with datatypes + related subroutines) modular/reusable functions, well documented, reusable libraries assertions/preconditions/invariants (implemented using preprocessor statements) unit tests for all (most) subroutines and "objects" an intense "debug mode" (#ifdef DEBUG) with more checks and all possible Intel compiler checks possible (array bounds, subroutine interfaces, etc.) uniform and enforced legible coding style, using code processing tools C stubs/wrappers for libpthread, libDL (and eventually GPU kernels, etc.) C/C++ implementation of utility functions (strings, file operations, sockets, memory alloc/dealloc reference counting for debug mode, etc.) ( This may all seem "evident" modern programming assumptions, but in a legacy fortran world, most of these are big changes in the typical programmer workflow ) The goal with all that is to have trustworthy, maintainable and modular code. Whereas, in typical fortran, modularity is often not a primary goal, and code is trustworthy only if the original developer was very clever, and the code was not changed since then ! (i'm a bit joking here, but not much) I searched around for references about object-oriented fortran, programming-by-contract (assertions/preconditions/etc.), and found only ugly and outdated documents, syntaxes and papers done by people with no large-scale project involvement, and dead projects. Any good URL, advice, reference paper/books on the subject?

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• How do I dynamically instantiate a class in javascript?

  - by Adam

  I'm starting out with classes in Javascript and have hit a wall. I've looked all over for a tutorial that goes a little further than simply how to construct a class (usually Animal) then extend the class and have a Method do something (Dog alert('Bark');). I have created a class that I want a user to be able to instantiate (is that the right word)? For example the first stage in my program is for the user to give the class a name, and then start to populate the various variables in the class. When they've done that they may do it again many times. So if: var className = new MyObject(); How do I dynamically create the name of the new object className and then refer to it later in the code?

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• Business Objects - Containers or functional?

  - by Walter

  Where I work, we've gone back and forth on this subject a number of times and are looking for a sanity check. Here's the question: Should Business Objects be data containers (more like DTOs) or should they also contain logic that can perform some functionality on that object. Example - Take a customer object, it probably contains some common properties (Name, Id, etc), should that customer object also include functions (Save, Calc, etc.)? One line of reasoning says separate the object from the functionality (single responsibility principal) and put the functionality in a Business Logic layer or object. The other line of reasoning says, no, if I have a customer object I just want to call Customer.Save and be done with it. Why do I need to know about how to save a customer if I'm consuming the object? Our last two projects have had the objects separated from the functionality, but the debate has been raised again on a new project. Which makes more sense? EDIT These results are very similar to our debates. One vote to one side or another completely changes the direction. Does anyone else want to add their 2 cents? EDIT Eventhough the answer sampling is small, it appears that the majority believe that functionality in a business object is acceptable as long as it is simple but persistence is best placed in a separate class/layer. We'll give this a try. Thanks for everyone's input...

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• java Properties - to expose or not to expose?

  - by ring bearer

  This might be an age old problem and I am sure everyone has their own ways. Suppose I have some properties defined such as secret.user.id=user secret.password=password website.url=http://stackoverflow.com Suppose I have 100 different classes and places where I need to use these properties. Which one is good (1) I create a Util class that will load all properties and serve them using a key constant Such as : Util is a singleton that loads all properties and keeps up on getInstance() call. Util myUtil = Util.getInstance(); String user = myUtil.getConfigByKey(Constants.SECRET_USER_ID); String password = myUtil.getConfigByKey(Constants.SECRET_PASSWORD); .. //getConfigByKey() - inturns invokes properties.get(..) doSomething(user, password) So wherever I need these properties, I can do steps above. (2) I create a meaningful Class to represent these properties; say, ApplicationConfig and provide getters to get specific properties. So above code may look like: ApplicationConfig config = ApplicationConfig.getInstance(); doSomething(config.getSecretUserId(), config.getPassword()); //ApplicationConfig would have instance variables that are initialized during // getInstance() after loading from properties file. Note: The properties file as such will have only minor changes in the future. My personal choice is (2) - let me hear some comments?

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• Why Use PHP OOP over Basic Functions and When?

  - by Codex73

  There are some posts about this matter, but I didn't clearly get when to use Object Oriented coding and when to use programmatic functions in an include. Somebody also mentioned to me that OOP is very heavy to run, and makes more workload. Is this right? Lets say I have a big file with 50 functions, why will I want to call these in a class? and not by function_name(). Should I switch and create object which holds all of my functions? What will be the advantage or specific difference? What benefits does it bring to code OOP in php ? Modularity?

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• How strict to be when using Qt framework?

  - by toffeehoops

  I'm building a Qt application that needs to use libssh, a SSH client library. libssh (understandably) performs its own network connections, however Qt has its own infrastructure for network connections (QTcpSocket etc). Should I worry about these differences? Should I be trying to make libssh make network connections via QTcpSocket... Or if it works fine on the platforms I'm targeting, is that good enough?

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• Is it a good idea to cache data from web services into a database?

  - by Thierry Lam

  Let's assume that Stackoverflow offers web services where you can retrieve all the questions asked by a specific user. A request to get all question from user A can result in the following json output: { { "question": "What is rest?", "date_created": "20/02/2010", "votes": 1, }, { "question": "Which database to use for ...", "date_created": "20/07/2009", "votes": 5, }, } If I want to manipulate and present the data in any ways that I want, will it be wise to dump it in a local database? At some point, I will also want to retrieve all answers for each question and store them in a local database. The workflow that I'm thinking is: User logs in. Web services retrieve all questions asked by the logged in user, dump them in a local database. User wants all answers for a specific question, another web service does the retrieval and dump them in a local database. After user logs out, delete from the local database all questions and answers from that user.

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• Is there any UML reference card available?

  - by csharpbaby

  Are any reference card or cheat sheet available for UML?

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• Database Table of Boolean Values

  - by guazz

  What's the best method of storing a large number of booleans in a database table? Should I create a column for each boolean value or is there a more optimal method? Employee Table IsHardWorking IsEfficient IsCrazy IsOverworked IsUnderpaid ...etc.

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• add schema to path in postgresql

  - by veilig

  I'm the process of moving applications over from all in the public schema to each having their own schema. for each application, I have a small script that will create the schema and then create the tables,functions,etc... to that schema. Is there anyway to automatically add a newly created schema to the search_path? Currently, the only way I see is to find the users current path SHOW search_path; and then add the new schema to it SET search_path to xxx,yyy,zzz; I would like some way to just say, append schema zzz to the users_search path. is this possible?

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• why is java.lang.Throwable a class?

  - by mdma

  In java adjectives ending in -able are interfaces Serializable, Comparable etc... So why is Throwable a class? Wouldn't exception handling be easier if Throwable were an interface? Obviously, changing it now is out the question. But could it be made abstract? Wouldn't that avoid the bad practice of throw new Throwable();

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• Create My own language with "Functional Programming Language"

  - by esehara

  I prefer Haskell. I already know How to create my own language with Procedural Language (for example: C, Java, Python, etc). But, I know How to create my own language with Functional Language (for example Haskell, Clojure and Scala). I've already read: Internet Resources Write Yourself a Scheme in 48 Hours Real World Haskell - Chapter 16.Using Persec Writing A Lisp Interpreter In Haskell Parsec, a fast combinator parser Implementing functional languages: a tutorial Books Introduction Functional Programming Using Haskell 2nd Edition -- Haskell StackOverflow (but with procedural language) Learning to write a compiler create my own programming language Source Libraries and tools/HJS -- Haskell Are there any other good sources? I wants to get more links,or sources.

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• Maintaining integrity of Core Data Entities with many incoming one-to-many relationships

  - by Henry Cooke

  Hi all. I have a Core Data store which contains a number of MediaItem entities that describe, well, media items. I also have NewsItems, which have one-to-many relationships to a number of MediaItems. So far so good. However, I also have PlayerItems and GalleryItems which also have one-to-many relationships to MediaItems. So MediaItems are shared across entities. Given that many entities may have one-to-many relationships, how can I set up reciprocal relationships from a MediaItem to all (1 or more) of the entities which have relationships to it and, furthermore, how can I implement rules to delete MediaItems when the number of those reciprocal relationships drops to 0?

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• MYSQL Event to update another database table

  - by Lee

  Hey All, I have just taken over a project for a client and the database schema is in a total mess. I would like to rename a load of fields make it a relationship database. But doing this will be a painstaking process as they have an API running of it also. So the idea would be to create a new database and start re-writing the code to use this instead. But I need a way to keep these tables in sync during this process. Would you agree that I should use MYSQL EVENT's to keep updating the new table on Inserts / updates & deletes?? Or can you suggest a better way?? Hope you can advise !! thanks for any input I get

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• How do I call exec in psake to an executable with a variable path?

  - by Josh Kodroff

  I can't seem to call this executable correctly in my psake deploy script. If I do this: exec { "$ArchiverOutputDir\NServiceBus.Host.exe /install" } It simply outputs this (and is clearly not calling the executable - just outputting the value of that expression): c:\ReloDotNet2_ServiceEndpoints\Archiver\NServiceBus.Host.exe /install But if I do this: exec { c:\ReloDotNet2_ServiceEndpoints\Archiver\NServiceBus.Host.exe /install } I get the expected output from the executable. How do I correctly call an executable with a variable in the path to the executable in psake? If this is actually a PowerShell issue, please feel free to correct the question to reflect that insight. I

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• Usability: call for action

  - by Shyam

  I am designing a page, with tiny portlets. Now, I personally like my actions on the right side, yet I wonder if there are methodologies that are targeted about usability. After all, most applications are aimed at the user. What about yourself? Do you prefer information to be on top, on the left or on the right? I've you need to take some sort of action, do you prefer buttons on the left? References to good books and webpages are very welcome!

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• Branchless memory manager?

  - by Richard Fabian

  Anyone thought about how to write a memory manager (in C++) that is completely branch free? I've written a pool, a stack, a queue, and a linked list (allocating from the pool), but I am wondering how plausible it is to write a branch free general memory manager. This is all to help make a really reusable framework for doing solid concurrent, in-order CPU, and cache friendly development. Edit: by branchless I mean without doing direct or indirect function calls, and without using ifs. I've been thinking that I can probably implement something that first changes the requested size to zero for false calls, but haven't really got much more than that. I feel that it's not impossible, but the other aspect of this exercise is then profiling it on said "unfriendly" processors to see if it's worth trying as hard as this to avoid branching.

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• Designer tool integration with TFS?

  - by reallyJim

  Are there good tools for professional designers to use that support source control integration with Team Foundation Server? I'm aware of the Expression tools, but curious to see if there is something else, as proper designer tools really aren't my area of expertise.

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• Sequence numbers best practice

  - by Abdullah Jibaly

  What's the best practice or well known methods to implement sequence numbers for business entities such as invoices, purchase orders, job numbers, etc? I want to be able to save the latest value in the database and be able to set it programatically. Is it OK to use a table for this purpose that has a SEQUENCE_NAME, SEQUENCE_NUMBER tuple? I know some databases have a first class sequence type but others (eg, MySQL) do not so it's not something I want to rely on. If a table is used to hold these sequences what is the right way to get and increment them in a synchronized fashion to ensure no data inconsistencies arise?

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• Validating class and superclass on RoR

  - by Luís Guilherme

  In ruby, you have an attribute called "type" which is the class of the object. Rails stores this at the database in a column called type. So, if I have several blog "types", I can do something like this def create @blog = Blog.new(params[:blog]) @blog[:type] = params[:blog][:type] # ... end If I add someone like this, and then load it, and ask its class (for instance, at the console), I have the right class name answered back. However, when I save it afterwards, rails will run only the superclass validators, not the ones I defined in the subclass. How should I make rails run the subclass validators?

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• algorithm || method to write prog

  - by fatai

  I am one of the computer science student. My wonder is everyone solve problem with different or same method, but actually I dont know whether they use method or I dont know whether there are such common method to approach problem. All teacher give us problem which in simple form sometimes, but they dont introduce any approach or method(s) so that we can first choose method then apply that one to problem , afterward find solution then write code. I have found one method when I failed the course, More accurately, When I counter problem in language , I will get more paper and then ; first, input/ output step ; my prog will take this / these there argument(s) and return namely X , ex : in c, input length is not known and at same type , so I must use pointer desired output is in form of package , so use structure second, execution part ; in that step , I am writing all step which are goes to final output ex : in python ; 1.) [ + , [- , 4 , [ * , 1 , 2 ]], 5] 2.) [ + , [- , 4 , 2 ],5 ] 3.) [ + , 2 , 5] 4.) 7 ==> return 7 third, I will write test code ex : in c++ input : append 3 4 5 6 vector_x remove 0 1 desired output vector_x holds : 5 6 But now, I wonder other method ; used to construct class :::: for c++ , python, java used to communicate classes / computers used for solving embedded system problem ::::: for c Why I wonder , because I learn if you dont costruct algorithm on paper, you may achieve your goal. Like no money no lunch , I can say no algorithm no prog therefore , feel free when you write your own method , a way which is introduced by someone else but you are using and you find it is so efficient

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