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  • compute mean in python for a generator

    - by nmaxwell
    Hi, I'm doing some statistics work, I have a (large) collection of random numbers to compute the mean of, I'd like to work with generators, because I just need to compute the mean, so I don't need to store the numbers. The problem is that numpy.mean breaks if you pass it a generator. I can write a simple function to do what I want, but I'm wondering if there's a proper, built-in way to do this? It would be nice if I could say "sum(values)/len(values)", but len doesn't work for genetators, and sum already consumed values. here's an example: import numpy def my_mean(values): n = 0 Sum = 0.0 try: while True: Sum += next(values) n += 1 except StopIteration: pass return float(Sum)/n X = [k for k in range(1,7)] Y = (k for k in range(1,7)) print numpy.mean(X) print my_mean(Y) these both give the same, correct, answer, buy my_mean doesn't work for lists, and numpy.mean doesn't work for generators. I really like the idea of working with generators, but details like this seem to spoil things. thanks for any help -nick

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  • When is ¦ not equal to ¦?

    - by Trey Jackson
    Background. I'm working with netlists, and in general, people specify different hierarchies by using /. However, it's not illegal to actually use a / as a part of an instance name. For example, X1/X2/X3/X4 might refer to instance X4 inside another instance named X1/X2/X3. Or it might refer an instance named X3/X4 inside an instance named X2 inside an instance named X1. Got it? There's really no "regular" character that cannot be used as a part of an instance name, so you resort to a non-printable one, or ... perhaps one outside of the standard 0..127 ASCII chars. I thought I'd try (decimal) 166, because for me it shows up as the pipe: ¦. So... I've got some C++ code which constructs the path name using ¦ as the hierarchical separator, so the path above looks like X1¦X2/X3¦X4. Now the GUI is written in Tcl/Tk, and to properly translate this into human readable terms I need to do something like the following: set path [getPathFromC++] ;# returns X1¦X2/X3¦X4 set humanreadable [join [split $path ¦] /] Basically, replace the ¦ with / (I could also accomplish this with [string map]). Now, the problem is, the ¦ in the string I get from C++ doesn't match the ¦ I can create in Tcl. i.e. This fails: set path [getPathFromC++] ;# returns X1¦X2/X3¦X4 string match $path [format X1%cX2/X3%cX4 166 166] Visually, the two strings look identical, but string match fails. I even tried using scan to see if I'd mixed up the bit values. But set path [getPathFromC++] ;# returns X1¦X2/X3¦X4 set path2 [format X1%cX2/X3%cX4 166 166] for {set i 0} {$i < [string length $path]} {incr i} { set p [string range $path $i $i] set p2 [string range $path2 $i $i] scan %c $p c scan %c $p2 c2 puts [list $p $c :::: $p2 $c2 equal? [string equal $c $c2]] } Produces output which looks like everything should match, except the [string equal] fails for the ¦ characters with a print line: ¦ 166 :::: ¦ 166 equal? 0 For what it's worth, the character in C++ is defined as: const char SEPARATOR = 166; Any ideas why a character outside the regular ASCII range would fail like this? When I changed the separator to (decimal) 28 (^\), things worked fine. I just don't want to get bit by a similar problem on a different platform. (I'm currently using Redhat Linux).

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  • Multiplying matrices: error: expected primary-expression before 'struct'

    - by justin
    I am trying to write a program that is supposed to multiply matrices using threads. I am supposed to fill the matrices using random numbers in a thread. I am compiling in g++ and using PTHREADS. I have also created a struct to pass the data from my command line input to the thread so it can generate the matrix of random numbers. The sizes of the two matrices are also passed in the command line as well. I keep getting: main.cpp:7: error: expected primary-expression before 'struct' my code @ line 7 =: struct a{ int Arow; int Acol; int low; int high; }; My inpust are : Sizes of two matrices ( 4 arguments) high and low ranges in which o generate the random numbers between. Complete code: [headers] using namespace std; void *matrixACreate(struct *); void *status; int main(int argc, char * argv[]) { int Arow = atoi(argv[1]); // Matrix A int Acol = atoi(argv[2]); // WxX int Brow = atoi(argv[3]); // Matrix B int Bcol = atoi(argv[4]); // XxZ, int low = atoi(argv[5]); // Range low int high = atoi(argv[6]); struct a{ int Arow; // Matrix A int Acol; // WxX int low; // Range low int high; }; pthread_t matrixAthread; //pthread_t matrixBthread; pthread_t runner; int error, retValue; if (Acol != Brow) { cout << " This matrix cannot be multiplied. FAIL" << endl; return 0; } error = pthread_create(&matrixAthread, NULL, matrixACreate, struct *a); //error = pthread_create(&matrixAthread, NULL, matrixBCreate, sendB); retValue = pthread_join(matrixAthread, &status); //retValue = pthread_join(matrixBthread, &status); return 0; } void matrixACreate(struct * a) { struct a *data = (struct a *) malloc(sizeof(struct a)); data->Arow = Arow; data->Acol = Acol; data->low = low; data->high = high; int range = ((high - low) + 1); cout << Arow << endl<< Acol << endl; }// just trying to print to see if I am in the thread

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  • Reintegrate a branch with externals fails in SVN

    - by dnndeveloper
    What I am doing: Apply external properties to a folder in the trunk (both single file and folder external, externals are binary files) Create a branch from the trunk and update the entire project Modify a file on the branch and commit the changes, then update the entire project. Merge - "Reintegrate a branch" when I get to the last screen I click "test merge" and get this error: Error: Cannot reintegrate into mixed-revision working copy; try updating first I update the entire project and still the same error. Other observations: If I "Merge a range of revisions" everything works fine. If I remove the externals everything works fine using either "Merge a range of revisions" or "Reintegrate a branch". How do I solve this issue? I am using Subversion 1.6.6 with TortoiseSVN 1.6.6.

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  • Loop colours from variables for graphics.py [Python 3.2]

    - by user1056548
    I am creating a graphics program that draws 100 x 100 squares next to each other depending on the user-specified grid size. The user also inputs 4 colours for the squares to be coloured (e.g. if they enter red,green,blue,yellow the squares will be coloured in that order, repeating the colours). Is it possible to loop the colours from the variables the user has given? Here is what I have so far: def main(): print ("Please enter four comma seperated colours e.g.: 'red,green,blue,yellow'\n\ Allowed colours are: red, green, blue, yellow and cyan") col1, col2, col3, col4 = input("Enter your four colours: ").split(',') win = GraphWin ("Squares", 500, 500) colours = [col1, col2, col3, col4] drawSquare (win, col1, col2, col3, col4, colours) win.getMouse() win.close() def drawSquare(win, col1, col2, col3, col4, colours): for i in range (4): for j in range (len(colours)): colour = colours[j] x = 50 + (i * 50) circle = Circle (Point (x,50), 20) circle.setFill(colour) circle.draw(win) I think I should be using a list in some way, but can't work out exactly how to do it. Can anybody help?

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  • Random List of millions of elements in Python Efficiently

    - by eWizardII
    Hello, I have read this answer potentially as the best way to randomize a list of strings in Python. I'm just wondering then if that's the most efficient way to do it because I have a list of about 30 million elements via the following code: import json from sets import Set from random import shuffle a = [] for i in range(0,193): json_data = open("C:/Twitter/user/user_" + str(i) + ".json") data = json.load(json_data) for j in range(0,len(data)): a.append(data[j]['su']) new = list(Set(a)) print "Cleaned length is: " + str(len(new)) ## Take Cleaned List and Randomize it for Analysis shuffle(new) If there is a more efficient way to do it, I'd greatly appreciate any advice on how to do it. Thanks,

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  • Killing a script launched in a Process via os.system()

    - by L.J.
    I have a python script which launches several processes. Each process basically just calls a shell script: from multiprocessing import Process import os import logging def thread_method(n = 4): global logger command = "~/Scripts/run.sh " + str(n) + " >> /var/log/mylog.log" if (debug): logger.debug(command) os.system(command) I launch several of these threads, which are meant to run in the background. I want to have a timeout on these threads, such that if it exceeds the timeout, they are killed: t = [] for x in range(10): try: t.append(Process(target=thread_method, args=(x,) ) ) t[-1].start() except Exception as e: logger.error("Error: unable to start thread") logger.error("Error message: " + str(e)) logger.info("Waiting up to 60 seconds to allow threads to finish") t[0].join(60) for n in range(len(t)): if t[n].is_alive(): logger.info(str(n) + " is still alive after 60 seconds, forcibly terminating") t[n].terminate() The problem is that calling terminate() on the process threads isn't killing the launched run.sh script - it continues running in the background until I either force kill it from the command line, or it finishes internally. Is there a way to have terminate also kill the subshell created by os.system()?

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  • Translate imperative control flow with break-s/continue-s to haskell

    - by dorserg
    Consider the following imperative code which finds the largest palindrome among products of 3-digit numbers (yes, it's the one of the first tasks from "Project of [outstanding mathematician of 18th century]" site): curmax = 0 for i in range(999,100): for j in range(999,100): if ((i*j) < curmax): break if (pal(i*j)): curmax = i*j break print curmax As I'm learning Haskell currently, my question is, how do you translate this (and basically any imperative construct that contains something more complex than just plain iteration, e.g. breaks, continues, temporary variables and all this) to Haskell? My version is maxpal i curmax | i < 100 = curmax | otherwise = maxpal (i-1) (innerloop 999) where innerloop j | (j < 100) || (p < curmax) = curmax | pal p = p | otherwise = innerloop (j-1) where p = i*j main = print $ maxpal 999 0 but this looks like we're still in imperative uglytown. So what could you advise, what are the approaches of dealing with such cases FP-style?

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  • Suggestion for creating custom sound recognition software to toggle audio

    - by Parrot owner
    I need to develop a program that toggles a particular audio track on or off when it recognizes a parrot scream or screech. The software would need to recognize a particular range of sounds and allow some variations in the range (as a parrot likely won't replicate its sreeches EXACTLY each time). Example: Bird screeches, no audio. Bird stops screeching for five seconds, audio track praising the bird plays. Regular chattering needs to be ignored completely, as it is not to be discouraged. I've heard of java libraries that have speech recognition with dictionaries built in, but the software would need to be taught the particular sounds that my particular parrot makes - not words or any random bird sound. In addition as I mentioned above, it would need to allow for slight variation in the sound, as the screech will likely never be 100% identical to the recorded version. What would be the best way to go about this/what language should I look into?

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  • improve my python program to fetch the desire rows by using if condition

    - by user2560507
    unique.txt file contains: 2 columns with columns separated by tab. total.txt file contains: 3 columns each column separated by tab. I take each row from unique.txt file and find that in total.txt file. If present then extract entire row from total.txt and save it in new output file. ###Total.txt column a column b column c interaction1 mitochondria_205000_225000 mitochondria_195000_215000 interaction2 mitochondria_345000_365000 mitochondria_335000_355000 interaction3 mitochondria_345000_365000 mitochondria_5000_25000 interaction4 chloroplast_115000_128207 chloroplast_35000_55000 interaction5 chloroplast_115000_128207 chloroplast_15000_35000 interaction15 2_10515000_10535000 2_10505000_10525000 ###Unique.txt column a column b mitochondria_205000_225000 mitochondria_195000_215000 mitochondria_345000_365000 mitochondria_335000_355000 mitochondria_345000_365000 mitochondria_5000_25000 chloroplast_115000_128207 chloroplast_35000_55000 chloroplast_115000_128207 chloroplast_15000_35000 mitochondria_185000_205000 mitochondria_25000_45000 2_16595000_16615000 2_16585000_16605000 4_2785000_2805000 4_2775000_2795000 4_11395000_11415000 4_11385000_11405000 4_2875000_2895000 4_2865000_2885000 4_13745000_13765000 4_13735000_13755000 My program: file=open('total.txt') file2 = open('unique.txt') all_content=file.readlines() all_content2=file2.readlines() store_id_lines = [] ff = open('match.dat', 'w') for i in range(len(all_content)): line=all_content[i].split('\t') seq=line[1]+'\t'+line[2] for j in range(len(all_content2)): if all_content2[j]==seq: ff.write(seq) break Problem: but istide of giving desire output (values of those 1st column that fulfile the if condition). i nead somthing like if jth of unique.txt == ith of total.txt then write ith row of total.txt into new file.

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  • merging selected revisions from one branch on another in Mercurial

    - by Assaf Lavie
    Is it possible to merge a range of revisions from one branch to another in Mercurial? e.g. |r1 |r2 |r3 |\___ | | r5 | | r6 | | r7 | | ... | | r40 |r41 If I want to merge revisions 6 & 7, but not 5, into the main branch - is this possible? What about multiple selected revision ranges from branch A to branch B? e.g. merge 4-7, 20-25 and 30-34? (this isn't a real case, just an illustration. I'm trying to understand if hg has this revision-range merge feature that I know svn has)

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  • MYSQL - multiple count statments

    - by darudude
    I'm trying to do a lookup on our demographioc table to display some stats. However, since out demographic table is quit big I want to do it in one query. There are 2 fields that are important: sex, last_login I want to be able to get the total number of logins for various date ranges (<1day ago, 1-7 days ago, 7-30 days ago, etc) GROUPED BY sex I right now know how to do it for one date range. For example less than 1 day ago: SELECT sex, count(*) peeps FROM player_account_demo WHERE last_demo_update>1275868800 GROUP BY sex Which returns: sex peeps UNKNOWN 22 MALE 43 FEMALE 86 However I'd have to do this once for each range. Is there a way to get all 3 ranges in there? I'd want my end result to look something like this: sex peeps<1day peeps1-7days peeps7-30days Thanks!

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  • syntax to express mathematical formula concisely in your language of choice

    - by aaa
    hello. I am developing functional domain specific embedded language within C++ to translate formulas into working code as concisely and accurately as possible. Right now my language looks something like this: // implies two nested loops j=0:N, i=0,j (range(i) < j < N)[T(i,j) = (T(i,j) - T(j,i))/e(i+j)]; // implies summation over above expression sum(range(i) < j < N))[(T(i,j) - T(j,i))/e(i+j)]; I am looking for possible syntax improvements/extensions or just different ideas about expressing mathematical formulas as clearly and precisely as possible. Can you give me some syntax examples relating to my question which can be accomplished in your language of choice which consider useful. In particular, if you have some ideas about how to translate the above code segments, I would be happy to hear them Thank you

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  • Python breaks for a certain amount

    - by Brian Cox
    All, I am not very good at explaining so i will let my comments do it! #this script is to calculate some of the times table up to 24X24 and also miss some out #Range of numbers to be calculated numbers=range(1,25) for i in numbers: for w in numbers: print(str(i)+"X"+str(w)+"="+str(i*w)) #here i want to break randomly (skip some out) e.g. i could be doing the 12X1,12X2 and then 12X5 i have no limit of skips. Update Sorry if this is not clear i want it to break from the inner loop for a random amount of times

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  • A RAM error of big array

    - by flint
    I have a big file, more than 400M. In that file, there are 13496*13496 number, means 13496 rows and 13496 cols. I want to read them to a array. This is my code: _L1 = [[0 for col in range(13496)] for row in range(13496)] _L1file = open('distanceCMD.function.txt') while (i<13496): print "i="+str(i) _strlf = _L1file.readline() _strlf = _strlf.split('\t') _strlf = _strlf[:-1] _L1[i] = _strlf i += 1 _L1file.close() And this is my error massage: MemoryError: File "D:\research\space-function\ART3.py", line 30, in <module> _strlf = _strlf.split('\t')

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  • VBA: How to trigger a worksheet event function by an automatic cell change trough a link?

    - by Jesse
    Hi, My problem is the following: The function below triggers an "if then function" when i manually change the value in cell D9. What should I do to get it to work with an automatic value change of cell D9 trough a link. In other words if i where to link cell D9 to cell A1 and change the value of A1 can i still make the function below work? Thanks in advance Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As range) If Target.Address = "$D$9" Then If range("C12") = 0 Then Rows("12:12").Select Selection.RowHeight = 0 Else: Rows("12:12").Select Selection.RowHeight = 15 End If End Sub

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  • python multiprocessing.Process.Manager not producing consistent results?

    - by COpython
    I've written the following code to illustrate the problem I'm seeing. I'm trying to use a Process.Manager.list() to keep track of a list and increment random indices of that list. Each time there are 100 processes spawned, and each process increments a random index of the list by 1. Therefore, one would expect the SUM of the resulting list to be the same each time, correct? I get something between 203 and 205. from multiprocessing import Process, Manager import random class MyProc(Process): def __init__(self, A): Process.__init__(self) self.A = A def run(self): i = random.randint(0, len(self.A)-1) self.A[i] = self.A[i] + 1 if __name__ == '__main__': procs = [] M = Manager() a = M.list(range(15)) print('A: {0}'.format(a)) print('sum(A) = {0}'.format(sum(a))) for i in range(100): procs.append(MyProc(a)) map(lambda x: x.start(), procs) map(lambda x: x.join(), procs) print('A: {0}'.format(a)) print('sum(A) = {0}'.format(sum(a)))

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  • Clojure multimethod dispatching on functions and values

    - by Josh Glover
    I have a function that returns the indexes in seq s at which value v exists: (defn indexes-of [v s] (map first (filter #(= v (last %)) (zipmap (range) s)))) What I'd like to do is extend this to apply any arbitrary function for the existence test. My idea is to use a multimethod, but I'm not sure exactly how to detect a function. I want to do this: (defmulti indexes-of ???) (defmethod indexes-of ??? [v s] ;; v is a function (map first (filter v (zipmap (range) s)))) (defmethod indexes-of ??? [v s] ;; v is not a function (indexes-of #(= v %) s)) Is a multimethod the way to go here? If so, how can I accomplish what I'm trying to do?

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  • Switch to BigInteger if necessary

    - by fahdshariff
    I am reading a text file which contains numbers in the range [1, 10^100]. I am then performing a sequence of arithmetic operations on each number. I would like to use a BigInteger only if the number is out of the int/long range. One approach would be to count how many digits there are in the string and switch to BigInteger if there are too many. Otherwise I'd just use primitive arithmetic as it is faster. Is there a better way? Is there any reason why Java could not do this automatically i.e. switch to BigInteger if an int was too small? This way we would not have to worry about overflows.

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  • If file contains certain text, how can I extract a string from the file and input it into a cell? (VBA)

    - by Kristina Kotonika
    Say I have the following path and file name: P:\Actuary\Cash Flow Forecast\Annual and Quarterly Budget Data\ECMQA 2012Q1.xls I want to write an if then statement that does the following (not sure if my statement is set up properly): If InStr(1, "P:\Actuary\Cash Flow Forecast\Annual and Quarterly Budget Data\ECMQA 2012Q1.xls", "QA", vbTextCompare) > 0 Then BD.Sheets("Sheet1").Range("C2").value = "2012Q1" End If Instead of just inputting "2012Q1", I want it to automatically read this from the file. The thing is I am actually looping through 12 or so files and there's two types, "ECMQA 2012Q1.xls" (or ECMQB 2012Q2.xls and so on) AND "ECM Annual Budget 2012.xlsx" If my file is the annual one (If file contains "Annual"), then I want: BD.Sheets("Sheet1").Range("C2").value = "2012" And i want it to read this from the actual file, same as the other one...not me putting in "2012" Is there a way to do this? Any help will be appreciated!

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  • find a duplicate entry in an array in constant space and O(n) time [closed]

    - by Anubhav Agarwal
    Possible Duplicate: Algorithm to find a duplicate entry in constant space and O(n) time Given an array of N integer such that only one integer is repeated. Find the repeated integer in O(n) time and constant space. There is no range for the value of integers or the value of N For example given an array of 6 integers as 23 45 67 87 23 47. The answer is 23 (I hope this covers ambiguous and vague part) I searched on the net but was unable to find any such question in which range of integers was not fixed. Also here is an example that answers a similar question to mine but here he created a hash table with the highest integer value in C++.But the cpp does not allow such to create an array with 2^64 element(on a 64-bit computer).

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  • How can I generate a random human-readable colour from a seed? C#

    - by SLC
    Got a logfile, and it has all kinds of text in it. Currently it is just displayed as one colour, and each entry says something like: Log from section 1: Some text here Log from section 125: Some text here Log from section 17: Some text here Log from section 1: Some text here Log from section 125: Some text here Log from section 1: Some text here Log from section 17: Some text here Now the logfile is displayed in real time, and it would be nice to make the rows with the same section number the same colour. However there could be potentially quite a large range of numbers. What I want to do is create a method that will take a number, and randomly generate a unique colour. The colour must be readable against a black background though, so #000000 is no good, nor is #101010 or anything too dark to read. Ideally two similar numbers will not produce the same colour because in the above examples, the numbers 1 and 17 might be too similar, and some numbers might be in the 10,000 range. Any ideas on this?

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  • SQL query to get field value distribution

    - by Bryan Lewis
    I have a table of over 1 million test score records that basically have a unique score_ID, a subject_ID and a score given by a person. The score range for most subjects is 0-3, but some have a range of 0-4. There are about 25 possible subjects. I need to produce a score distribution report which looks like: subject_ID 0 1 2 3 4 ---------- --- --- --- --- --- 1 967 576 856 234 2 576 947 847 987 324 . . So it groups the data by subject_ID, then shows how many times a specific score value was given within that subject. Any SQL pointers to generate this would be greatly appreciated.

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  • why am i getting an error SyntaxError : invalid syntax for this code

    - by eragon1189
    This is a code in python which calculates f (x) =? ((-1)*x)/(x*x+n*n) n from 1 to infinite.... correct to 0.0001, for the range 1 < x < 100 in steps of 0.1.But i am getting an syntax error,as i am new to programming in python... from scipy import * from matplotlib.pyplot import * x=arange(0.1,100,0.1) f=zeros(len(x)) s=-1 for n in range (1,10000): t=s*x/(x*x+n*n) f +=t s =-s if max(abs(t))< 1e-4 break for xx in c_[x,f]: print "%f %f" % (xx[0],xx[1])

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