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• RESOLVED Why does IPtables's NAT stop working when I enable the firewall's third interface?

  - by Kronick

  On my firewall I've three interfaces : eth0 : public IP (46.X.X.X.) eth0:0 public IP (46.X.X.Y.) eth1 : public IP (88.X.X.X.) eth2 : private LAN (172.X.X.X) I've setup a basic NAT which works great until I turn on the eth1 interface, I basically loose the connectivity. When I turn off the interface (ifconfig eth1 down) then the NAT re-work. I've added some policy routing via iproute, which makes my three public IP's available. I don't understand why turning on eth1 on makes the LAN unavailable. PS : weirder ; when I turn on eth1 BUT remove the NAT, then the firewall is accessible by using the public IPS. So to me it's exclusively a NAT issue, since without the NAT the network works while with the NAT without the second public interface, the NAT does work. Regards EDIT : I've been able to make it work by using iproute2 rules. That was definitely a routing issue. Here is what I did : ip rule add prio 50 table main ip rule add prio 201 from ip1/netmask table 201 ip rule add prio 202 from ip2/netmask table 202 ip route add default via gateway1 dev interface1 src ip1 proto static table 201 ip route append prohibit default table 201 metric 1 proto static ip route add default via gateway2 dev interface2 src ip2 proto static table 202 ip route append prohibit default table 202 metric 1 proto static # mutipath ip rule add prio 221 table 221 ip route add default table 221 proto static \ nexthop via gateway1 dev interface1 weight 2\ nexthop via gateway2 dev interface2 weight 3

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• Have servers behind OpenVPN subnet reach connecting clients

  - by imaginative

  I am trying to find some relevant documentation or what directives I need in either the OpenVPN server configuration or client configuration to accommodate for this use case. I have an OpenVPN server that clients connect to. The OpenVPN server can communicate directly with any of the clients already, this is not an issue. The client is able to reach any machine on the private subnet where OpenVPN resides, this is also not an issue. My issue is that the reverse is currently not possible - I have servers on the same subnet as the OpenVPN box that cannot reach any of the connecting clients. I'd like to be able to SSH to them and more, the same way the client can reach the servers behind the OpenVPN subnet. What do I need to do to make this possible? I already have masquerading rules set on the OpenVPN box: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.50.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE IP Forwarding is enabled: echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward I added a route on the server behind the private subnet to be aware of the route: 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 What am I missing?

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• Xen virtual host can reach some sites but not others

  - by Tun H S Lee

  Okay, this is killing me. Debian Squeeze, Xen 4.0, brand new install. No iptables rules whatsoever except for the ones added by the default xen bridge script. Dom0 can reach the entire world, no problems. DomU can receive packets from some hosts, but not from others. For instance, if I ping Host A, it works fine. If I ping Host B, the DomU reports 100% packet loss. The hosts are random, but consistent (even after reboots). I can see no pattern to why some work and others don't. In fact, in some cases, different virtual hosts on the same server (an other server at a different data center) are divided; some work and others do not. I can reboot (DomU or Dom0 too) and the same hosts will work or fail as before. If I tcpdump on the Host B while pinging from the DomU, everything looks fine. It sees the echo request coming in and says it's sending one back. However, if I tcpdump peth0 on the Dom0, it never sees the echo reply. Any ideas what could be happening? I'm tearing my hair out here.

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• IP Masquerade and forwarding

  - by poelinca

  Hi all , i got a dedicated server running ubuntu server 10.10 with 3 ip adresses on the same eth card ( example: eth0 192.168.0.1 , eth0:0 188.78.45.0 , eth0:1 ... ) with a 3 virtual machines running ( virtualization technologi used is lxc but i don't think this matters too much ) . Now i need to redirect all ports opened ( using ufw to close/open ports ) from the ip 188.78.54.0 ( eth0:0 ) to a virtual machine ip ( let's say for example 192.168.2.3 ) , all requests made by a virtual machine should be redirected back to the virtual machine that made the request ( in this example 192.168.2.3 ) . Lets say the second vm has the ip 192.168.2.4 now i need to redirect all opened ports to from eth0:1 to this ip and viceversa . And so on and so on , what are the iptables/ufw rules to get this done ? and where to save them ( witch config file ) so they stay the same after reboot . In a few words redirect all requests comming from/to eth0:0 to a certan ip , all requests comming from/to eth0:1 to another ip ... Remember i'm saying all ports opened becouse they might be dynamicly changed . p.s. please excuse my bad english

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• Basic IPTables setup for OpenVPN/HTTP/HTTPS server

  - by Afronautica

  I'm trying to get a basic IPTables setup on my server which will allow HTTP/SSH access, as well as enable the use of the server as an OpenVPN tunnel. The following is my current rule setup - the problem is OpenVPN queries (port 1194) seemed to be getting dropped as a result of this ruleset. Pinging a website while logged into the VPN results in teh response: Request timeout for icmp_seq 1 92 bytes from 10.8.0.1: Destination Port Unreachable When I clear the IPTable rules pinging from the VPN works fine. Any ideas? iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i ! lo -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT iptables -A FORWARD -j REJECT

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• Coloring of collapsed threads in mutt

  - by Rich

  I'm trying to figure out the syntax of colouring collapsed threads in the mutt index. The documentation for mutt patterns doesn't seem to include a description of how this works, and so far I've been completely unable to figure it out by trial and error. What I'd like is for collapsed threads that contain any unread (new) messages to be always coloured green. If collapsed threads with no unread messages contain any flagged messages, then I'd like them to be red. So far, every set of patterns I've tried results in threads that contain both flagged and unread messages being coloured red (I want them green). These work: color index green default "~N" # unread messages color index green default "~N~F" # unread flagged messages color index red default "~F" # flagged messages color index green default "~v~(~N)" # collapsed thread with unread But these don't: color index green default "~v~(~N~F)" # attempt to keep threads with unread green color index red default "~v~(~F)" # colours collapsed threads with flagged and unread red color index red default "~v~(!~N~F)" # ditto color index red default "~v~(^!~N~F)" # ditto color index red default "~v~(~F)~(!~N)" # ditto color index red default "~v~(~F)~v~(!~N)" # ditto I've also tried switching the order of the "~v~(~F)" and "~v~(~N)" commands in the file, but the "flagged" rule always seems to take precedence over the "new" rule. Ideally I'd like to understand how the syntax for colouring collapsed threads works, but at this point I'd happily settle for a set of rules that achieves the colourscheme described above.

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• fail2ban iptable rule wont block

  - by Termiux

  So I set up fail2ban on my Debian 7 server, still I've been getting hit a lot and I dont know why is not blocking properly. The regex works, it recognizes the attempts but it seems the iptables rules it insert wont work, this is how it look iptables ouput looks after fail2ban tries to block. Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination 1 fail2ban-courierauth tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 2 fail2ban-couriersmtp tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 3 sshguard all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination Chain fail2ban-courierauth (1 references) num target prot opt source destination 1 DROP all -- 216.x.y.z 0.0.0.0/0 2 RETURN all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain fail2ban-courierimap (0 references) num target prot opt source destination 1 RETURN all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain fail2ban-courierpop3 (0 references) num target prot opt source destination 1 RETURN all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain fail2ban-couriersmtp (1 references) num target prot opt source destination 1 RETURN all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain fail2ban-postfix (0 references) num target prot opt source destination 1 RETURN all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain fail2ban-sasl (0 references) num target prot opt source destination 1 RETURN all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 In the iptables above you can see the "Chain fail2ban-courierauth" rule that added the drop rule for the ip but Im still able to connect!! I can still connect to the server, why isn't it blocking?

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• Apache: getting proxy, rewrite, and SSL to play nice

  - by Rich M

  Hi, I'm having loads of trouble trying to integrate proxy, rewrite, and SSL altogether in Apache 2. A brief history, my application runs on port 8080 and before adding SSL, I used proxy to strip the 8080 from the url's to and from the server. So instead of www.example.com:8080/myapp, the client app accessed everything via www.example.com/myapp Here was the conf the accomplished this: ProxyRequests Off <Proxy */myapp> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass /myapp http://www.example.com:8080/myapp ProxyPassReverse /myapp http://www.example.com:8080/myapp What I'm trying to do now is force all requests to myapp to be HTTPS, and then have those SSL requests follow the same proxy rules that strip out the port number as my application used to. Simply changing the ports 8080 to 8443 in the ProxyPass lines does not accomplish this. Unfortunately I'm not an expert in Apache, and my skills of trial and error are already reaching the end of the line. RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off RewriteRule myapp/* https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} ProxyRequests Off <Proxy */myapp> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> SSLProxyEngine on ProxyPass /myapp https://www.example.com:8443/mloyalty ProxyPassReverse /myapp https://www.example.com:8433/mloyalty As this stands, a request to anything on the server other than /myapp load fine with http. If I make a browser http request to /mypp it then redirects to https:// www.example.com:8443/myapp , which is not the desired behavior. Links within the application then resolve to https:// www.example.com/myapp/linkedPage , which is desirable. Browser requests (http and https) to anything one level beyond just /myapp ie. /myapp/mycontext resolve to https:// www.example.com/myapp/mycontext without the port. I'm not sure what other information there is for me to give, but I think my goals should be clear.

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• IPTABLES syntax help to forward Remote Desktop requests to a VM [CentOS host]

  - by NVRAM

  I've a VM running MSWindows XP hosted on my CentOS 5.4 machine. I can rdesktop into it from the hosting machine and work just fine using the private ddress (192.168.122.65), but I now need to allow Remote Desktop access from other computers (not just the machine hosting the VM). [Edit] I only need to allow access for a day or so, so don't want to add a NIC (for XP activation reasons). Could someone help me with the iptables syntax? The VM is on a private/virtual network: 192.168.122.65 and my CentOS machine is on a physical network, at 10.1.3.38 (and 192.168.122.1 as the GW for the virtual net). I found this question, but none of the answers seemed to work and I'm a bit timid at blindly trying variations. My FORWARD rules are as listed. Thanks in advance. # iptables -L FORWARD Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere 192.168.122.0/24 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 192.168.122.0/24 anywhere ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-port-unreachable RH-Firewall-1-INPUT all -- anywhere anywhere [Edit] If I do play "blindly" is there a simple way to reset the settings on CentOS (a la service network restart)?

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• What to do with old laptop screens?

  - by Lord Torgamus

  This question is inspired by another SU question I came across earlier today: What to do with old hard drives? It made me think about two long-dead laptops I have with perfectly good screens still inside. One is a Dell Inspiron 5100 and the other is an Averatec E1200, but responses need not be geared towards those particular models' screens. Rules, based heavily on the original question's: Objectives and suggestions to keep in mind when you post an answer : Should showcase your geekiness, be plain ol' fun, serve a social purpose or benefit the community. Your answer need not be limited to only one screen. For a really good answer, I'll go out and buy additional leftover screens. Your answer need not be limited to one project per screen. If additional accessories need be purchased, make sure they are common. Don't tell me to get a moon rock or something. The projects you suggested should serve a useful purpose; art is nice, but functional art is way better. Thanks in advance, folks. EDIT: Found another related question. Fun projects to do with an old 17" LCD monitor EDIT 2: I, for one, am enjoying the new outpouring of creativity here. Best fifty bucks... I mean, rep points... I ever spent. EDIT 3: That does it. At the end of the week, there was a tie for most votes between the accepted answer and the game platform answer. The game platform answer was cooler, but less reasonable as a project to actually do; in other words, it was more moon rocky. Unfortunately, I think fencepost had the best comment on the topic, which is that displays on their own have no good interface. Thanks for playing, everyone!

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• Revamping an old and unstable office IT-solution using Windows Server and OpenVPN

  - by cmbrnt

  I've been given the cumbersome task to totally redo the IT-infrastructure for a customer's office. They are currently running Windows XP all over, with one computer acting as a file server with no control over which users have access to which files, and so on. To top it off, this file server also functions as a workstation, which means it gets rebooted every time the user notices some sluggish behavior or experiences problems with flash games. To say the least, this isn't working for them. Now - I've got a very slim budget, but I need to set up a new server, and I wish to run Windows Server 2008 on it. I also need the ability to access the network remotely via VPN. Would it be a good idea to install VMware ESXi 4.1 onto the new server, and then run Windows Server 2008 as well as a separate Debian install for openvpn on it? I don't like the Domain Controller for the future AD to also run a VPN-server, because of stability issues when something goes to hell with either of them. There will be no redundancy though. However, I'm not sure if there is something to gain by installing a VPN solution on the Windows Server itself, when it comes to accessing file shares on the network via VPN. I don't know how to enable users logging in via the VPN to access the remote files, since they will be accessing the network from their own home computers (which is indeed a really bad idea, but this is what I've got to work with). They won't be logged in to the windows Domain, but rather their home workgroups. I need to be able to grant access to files in certain directories based on the logged in AD-user, but every computer won't necessarily be configured to log into the domain. I'm not sure how to explain this in a good way, but I'd be happy to clarify if somethings not clear. Any help would be great, because I've got a feeling that I can't do this without introducing a bunch of costly new rules when it comes to their IT-solution. I'd rather leave that untouched and go on my merry way to the next assignment.

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• Libvirt/KVM in NAT: can't access from host (and can't forward)

  - by SharkWipf

  I'm trying to set up a port forward to a KVM guest, managed through Libvirt on Debian 6. The VM is running in NAT, through the "default" network. This all runs fine, the VM has full internet connection. However, the host cannot reach the vm internally. Neither ping, nc nor nmap on the NAT network give any signs of the VM. Due to this, the normal iptables forwarding rules don't work either. $ cat /etc/debian_version 6.0.5 $ libvirtd --version libvirtd (libvirt) 0.9.11.3 $ kvm --version QEMU emulator version 1.0 (qemu-kvm-1.0+dfsg-11, Debian), Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard ifconfig: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 54:04:a6:f1:6f:10 inet addr:x.x.x.x Bcast:x.x.x.x Mask:255.255.255.x inet6 addr: fe80::5604:a6ff:fef1:6f10/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:118902 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142357 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:13247173 (12.6 MiB) TX bytes:95163190 (90.7 MiB) Interrupt:28 Base address:0xe000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:230646 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:230646 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:204577107 (195.0 MiB) TX bytes:204577107 (195.0 MiB) virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:54:00:e2:d2:60 inet addr:192.168.122.1 Bcast:192.168.122.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5050 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:961 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:666759 (651.1 KiB) TX bytes:400701 (391.3 KiB) vnet0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:54:00:e2:d2:60 inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fee2:d260/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5050 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:125687 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 RX bytes:739803 (722.4 KiB) TX bytes:6886609 (6.5 MiB)

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• iptables rule on INPUT between 2 ethernet cards on the same host

  - by user1495181

  I have 2 eth cards on the same host. Both connected directly with LAN cable. I set eth0 with ip - 192.168.1.2 I set eth1 with ip - 192.168.1.1 I set this rule: iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -j NFQUEUE --queue-num 0 There are no other rules. (I ran iptables -X,-F) I send TCP syn packet ( with c++ program by using raw socket) from 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.1 In wireshark i see that the packet received on eth0, but the iptables rule (above) dosnt apply for this packet. when i sent the packet to remote host and apply this rule on the remote host than it work correct. So, i guess that this is due to the fact that both eth cards exists the same host. . I need to create iptables INPUT rule for local eth card (dest and src on the same machine ). I need it for simplify test. Did i guess the problem correct? is there a way to bypass this? Ps - connected them via switch didn't help. the rule wasn't applied. Run on Ubuntu. TCDUMP show the packet: 10:48:42.365002 IP 192.168.1.2.38550 > 192.168.1.1.34298: Flags [S], seq 0, win 5840, length 0 but logging of iptables like this, has nothing: iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -j LOG --log-prefix '*****************' iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -j LOG --log-prefix '#################'

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• Linux iptables / conntrack performance issue

  - by tim

  I have a test-setup in the lab with 4 machines: 2 old P4 machines (t1, t2) 1 Xeon 5420 DP 2.5 GHz 8 GB RAM (t3) Intel e1000 1 Xeon 5420 DP 2.5 GHz 8 GB RAM (t4) Intel e1000 to test linux firewall performance since we got bitten by a number of syn-flood attacks in the last months. All machines run Ubuntu 12.04 64bit. t1, t2, t3 are interconnected through an 1GB/s switch, t4 is connected to t3 via an extra interface. So t3 simulates the firewall, t4 is the target, t1,t2 play the attackers generating a packetstorm thorugh (192.168.4.199 is t4): hping3 -I eth1 --rand-source --syn --flood 192.168.4.199 -p 80 t4 drops all incoming packets to avoid confusion with gateways, performance issues of t4 etc. I watch the packet stats in iptraf. I have configured the firewall (t3) as follows: stock 3.2.0-31-generic #50-Ubuntu SMP kernel rhash_entries=33554432 as kernel parameter sysctl as follows: net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 net.ipv4.route.gc_elasticity = 2 net.ipv4.route.gc_timeout = 1 net.ipv4.route.gc_interval = 5 net.ipv4.route.gc_min_interval_ms = 500 net.ipv4.route.gc_thresh = 2000000 net.ipv4.route.max_size = 20000000 (I have tweaked a lot to keep t3 running when t1+t2 are sending as many packets as possible). The result of this efforts are somewhat odd: t1+t2 manage to send each about 200k packets/s. t4 in the best case sees aroung 200k in total so half of the packets are lost. t3 is nearly unusable on console though packets are flowing through it (high numbers of soft-irqs) the route cache garbage collector is no way near to being predictable and in the default setting overwhelmed by very few packets/s (<50k packets/s) activating stateful iptables rules makes the packet rate arriving on t4 drop to around 100k packets/s, efectively losing more than 75% of the packets And this - here is my main concern - with two old P4 machines sending as many packets as they can - which means nearly everyone on the net should be capable of this. So here goes my question: Did I overlook some importand point in the config or in my test setup? Are there any alternatives for building firewall system especially on smp systems?

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• How to configure iptables to use apt-get in a server?

  - by segaco

  I'm starting using iptables (newbie) to protect a linux server (specifically Debian 5.0). Before I configure the iptables settings, I can use apt-get without a problem. But after I configure the iptables, the apt-get stop working. For example I use this script in iptables: #!/bin/sh IPT=/sbin/iptables ## FLUSH $IPT -F $IPT -X $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -X $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -X $IPT -P INPUT DROP $IPT -P OUTPUT DROP $IPT -P FORWARD DROP $IPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 22 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 80 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 443 -j ACCEPT # Allow FTP connections @ port 21 $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 21 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Allow Active FTP Connections $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 20 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 20 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Allow Passive FTP Connections $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 1024: --dport 1024: -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 1024: --dport 1024: -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT #DNS $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 --sport 1024:65535 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 1:1024 $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 1:1024 $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j DROP $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 10000 -j DROP $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 10000 -j DROP then when I run apt-get I obtain: core:~# apt-get update 0% [Connecting to ftp.us.debian.org] [Connecting to security.debian.org] [Conne and it stalls. What rules I need to configure to make it works. Thanks

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• Wordpress on Apache is redirecting all https to http

  - by Krist van Besien

  I have a problem with a wordpress site on a server I admin. I don't know anything about wordpress however. My problem is that we want the site to be accessed over https, bot somehow all requests to https:// URLs are answered by the server with a 302, redirecting to http. The wordpress site itself is configured to use https, and we see that in the pages that are generated the links are all https links. In the apache config there are no rewrite rules and no redirects. However, any request to a https:// URL is answered with a redirect to the equivalent http URL. And I really would like to know where these redirects are coming from, what is generating these redirects. I've increased the loglevel on the webserver to DEBUG, but did not get any info there. I tried to enable debug logging in wordpress per the recipy I found here: http://codex.wordpress.org/Debugging_in_WordPress But did not get a debug.log file in the directory where one should appear. I'm really at a loss here, and need to fix this urgently. Any hints as where to start looking? Apache is 2.2.14 on Ubuntu. There are several other virtual hosts on this server, using php and https without any problem... Edit: I created a small info.php script and dropped that in the webservers' root. Calling this yields the output of the script, no redirect is generated. This suggest that it's not the webserver, but wordpress that is doing it. A second thing I noticed is that the redirect comes with several cookies, one of which has "httponly" set. Could that be it?

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• iptables logging not working?

  - by vps_newcomer

  OS: Ubuntu 10.04 Logging daemon: rsyslog For some reason i'm not getting any iptables logs, even thought i don't look through them very often i'd still like to get it working for the sake of it working XD Here is my /etc/ryslog.d/iptables.conf :msg, contains, "[IPTABLES]" -/var/log/iptables.log & ~ My iptables logging prefix is "[IPTABLES]" followed by whatever else (example [IPTABLES] Denied xyz) the /var/log/iptables.log file is being created, however its not getting any entries. I can see the logging entries in dmesg but not in syslog or messages. Whats going on? EDIT: My iptables logging rules: # logging limit LoggingLimit=5/min LoggingPrefix=IPTABLES # Logging chain iptables -N LOG_REJECT iptables -A LOG_REJECT -j LOG # join INPUT to LOG_REJECT iptables -A INPUT -j LOG_REJECT # logging iptables -A LOG_REJECT -p tcp -m limit --limit $LoggingLimit -j LOG --log-prefix "$LoggingPrefix Denied TCP: " #--log-level 7 iptables -A LOG_REJECT -p udp -m limit --limit $LoggingLimit -j LOG --log-prefix "$LoggingPrefix Denied UDP: " #--log-level 7 iptables -A LOG_REJECT -p icmp -m limit --limit $LoggingLimit -j LOG --log-prefix "$LoggingPrefix Denied ICMP: " #--log-level 7 Update: I found a thread that has the same symptoms as i do, apparently is a kernel bug. I am using a VPS so could anyone point me on how to upgrade my kernel or apply a workaround? I couldn't find a 2.6.34 kernel listed in apt-cache. Thread: http://www.linode.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=5533

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• Allow outgoing connections for DNS

  - by Jimmy

  I'm new to IPtables, but I am trying to setup a secure server to host a website and allow SSH. This is what I have so far: #!/bin/sh i=/sbin/iptables # Flush all rules $i -F $i -X # Setup default filter policy $i -P INPUT DROP $i -P OUTPUT DROP $i -P FORWARD DROP # Respond to ping requests $i -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT # Force SYN checks $i -A INPUT -p tcp ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j DROP # Drop all fragments $i -A INPUT -f -j DROP # Drop XMAS packets $i -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL ALL -j DROP # Drop NULL packets $i -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL NONE -j DROP # Stateful inspection $i -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow established connections $i -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow unlimited traffic on loopback $i -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $i -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT # Open nginx $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Open SSH $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT However I've locked down my outgoing connections and it means I can't resolve any DNS. How do I allow that? Also, any other feedback is appreciated. James

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• Read non-blocking from multiple fifos in parallel

  - by Ole Tange

  I sometimes sit with a bunch of output fifos from programs that run in parallel. I would like to merge these fifos. The naïve solution is: cat fifo* > output But this requires the first fifo to complete before reading the first byte from the second fifo, and this will block the parallel running programs. Another way is: (cat fifo1 & cat fifo2 & ... ) > output But this may mix the output thus getting half-lines in output. When reading from multiple fifos, there must be some rules for merging the files. Typically doing it on a line by line basis is enough for me, so I am looking for something that does: parallel_non_blocking_cat fifo* > output which will read from all fifos in parallel and merge the output on with a full line at a time. I can see it is not hard to write that program. All you need to do is: open all fifos do a blocking select on all of them read nonblocking from the fifo which has data into the buffer for that fifo if the buffer contains a full line (or record) then print out the line if all fifos are closed/eof: exit goto 2 So my question is not: can it be done? My question is: Is it done already and can I just install a tool that does this?

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• Is there any functional-like unix shell?

  - by Caruccio

  I'm (really) newbie to functional programming (in fact only had contact with it using python) but seems to be a good approach for some list-intensive tasks in a shell environment. I'd love to do something like this: $ [ git clone $host/$repo for repo in repo1 repo2 repo3 ] Is there any Unix shell with these kind of feature? Or maybe some feature to allow easy shell access (commands, env/vars, readline, etc...) from within python (the idea is to use python's interactive interpreter as a replacement to bash). EDIT: Maybe a comparative example would clarify. Let's say I have a list composed of dir/file: $ FILES=( build/project.rpm build/project.src.rpm ) And I want to do a really simple task: copy all files to dist/ AND install it in the system (it's part of a build process): Using bash: $ cp ${files[*]} dist/ $ cd dist && rpm -Uvh $(for f in ${files[*]}; do basename $f; done)) Using a "pythonic shell" approach (caution: this is imaginary code): $ cp [ os.path.join('dist', os.path.basename(file)) for file in FILES ] 'dist' Can you see the difference ? THAT is what i'm talking about. How can not exits a shell with these kind of stuff build-in yet? It's a real pain to handle lists in shell, even its being a so common task: list of files, list of PIDs, list of everything. And a really, really, important point: using syntax/tools/features everybody already knows: sh and python. IPython seams to be on a good direction, but it's bloated: if var name starts with '$', it does this, if '$$' it does that. It's syntax is not "natural", so many rules and "workarounds" ([ ln.upper() for ln in !ls ] -- syntax error)

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• trouble executing php scripts with nginx

  - by lovesh

  My nginx config looks like this server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root /var/www; index index.php index.html; autoindex on; } location /folder1 { root /var/www/folder1; index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ index.php?$query_string; } location /folder2 { root /var/www/folder2; index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ index.php?$query_string; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } } The problem with the above setup is that i am not able to execute php files. Now as per my understanding of nginx config rules, when i am in my webroot(/) which is /var/www the value of $document_root becomes /var/www so when i request for localhost/hi.php the fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME becomes /var/www/hi.php and that is the actual path of the php script. Similarly when i request for localhost/folder1/hi.php the $document_root becomes /var/www/folder1 because this is specified as the root in folder1's location block so again the fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME becomes /var/www/folder1/hi.php. But because the above configuration does not work so there is something wrong with my understanding. Please help?

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• Elevating UAC via .bat file?

  - by jslaker

  Pretty straightforward one that I'm having trouble finding an answer to. serverfault previously helped me with finding a way to automate Windows updates without using WSUS. It's working fantastically, but to run it over the network, you have to first mount a shared drive. That's pretty simple XP since you just mount the drive and run the updater. On Vista and W7, though, this all has to be done with elevated privileges to work correctly. The UAC account can't see network drives mounted by the regular user, so in order to get everything working, I have to mount the share via net use from an escalated shell. I'd like to automate mounting this share and launching the updater via a simple .bat file. I could probably just instruct everybody to right click "Run as Administrator" on the .bat file, but I'd like to keep things as simple as possible and have the .bat automatically prompt the user to escalate their privileges. Since these computers don't belong to us, I can't count on anything like Powershell being installed, so that rules any solution along those lines out and pretty much have to rely on things that would be included in an RTM Vista install. I'm hoping I'm mostly missing something obvious here. :)

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• securing communication between 2 Linux servers on local network for ports only they need access to

  - by gkdsp

  I have two Linux servers connected to each other via a cross-connect cable, forming a local network. One of the servers presents a DMZ for the other server (e.g. database server) that must be very secure. I'm restricting this question to communication between the two servers for ports that only need to be available to these servers (and no one else). Thus, communication between the two servers can be established by: (1) opening the required port(s) on both servers, and authenticating according to the applications' rules. (2) disabling IP Tables associated with the NIC cards the cross-connect cable is attached to (on both servers). Which method is more secure? In the first case, the needed ports are open to the external world, but protected by user name and password. In the second case, none of the needed ports are open to the outside world, but since the IP Tables are disabled for the NIC cards associated with the cross-connect cables, essentially all of the ports may be considered to be "open" between the two servers (and so if the server creating the DMZ is compromized, the hacker on the DMZ server could view all ports open using the cross-connect cable). Any conventional wisdom how to make the communication secure between two servers for ports only these servers need access to?

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• Follow through - How to setup equivalent USVIDEO.ORG DNS-Proxy on Linux

  - by DNSDC

  I'm quite keen to setup similar service (but FREE) and seems you know how to do this. "you need to run your own private dns with artificial records for example pandora.com you also need a real dns to fall back on. now that all requests for these sites are going to your US located box you can open up port 80 on squid and listen for the traffic. your cache_peer settings should allow you to map each domain to their real ip. The trafic now flows initially from your US located box to the service but then the server responds it responds directly to the host. no magic here. I won't share the fine details as it probably best serves all to not over exploit this." Did you mean we need to 1. Setup Forward-only DNS on a US-based server/ip? 2. Setup cache_peer and cache_peer_domain in Squid, I got this. 3. Any iptables rule, prerouting, postrouting rules needed to accomplish this? Appreciate your expert advice. Cheers, Don

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• Postfix not delivering from external senders and not logging anything

  - by simendsjo

  Some semi-recent upgrades must have broken my postfix+dovecot configuration, but I'm having problems finding out what the cause is. My domain is simendsjo.me with the MX record mail.simendsjo.me. I can send mail to both local and external recipients, and it delivers mail from internal mailboxes. The problem is that mail from external senders isn't delivered, and nothing is logged at all. The external sender also doesn't receive any errors. I have no idea where to ever start looking as nothing is logged at all when external mail is sent to my server. So the first issue would be: How can I turn on some debug messages for postfix? I've tried: debug_peer_level = 2 debug_peer_list = simendsjo.me .. And _level = 999 and _list = gmail.com where I'm trying to send emails from. but nothing is logged. When sending mails from a local mailbox (but from an outside computer, not localhost), a lot is logged. I don't have any rules in iptables either. Any ideas how I can get some debug messages for postfix?

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