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  • How to minimize the risk of employees spreading critical information?

    - by Industrial
    Hi everyone, What's common sense when it comes to minimising the risk of employees spreading critical information to rivalling companies? As of today, it's clear that not even the US government and military can be sure that their data stays safely within their doors. Thereby I understand that my question probably instead should be written as "What is common sense to make it harder for employees to spread business critical information?" If anyone would want to spread information, they will find a way. That's the way life work and always has. If we make the scenario a bit more realistic by narrowing our workforce by assuming we only have regular John Does onboard and not Linux-loving sysadmins , what should be good precautions to at least make it harder for the employees to send business-critical information to the competition? As far as I can tell, there's a few obvious solutions that clearly has both pros and cons: Block services such as Dropbox and similar, preventing anyone to send gigabytes of data through the wire. Ensure that only files below a set size can be sent as email (?) Setup VLANs between departments to make it harder for kleptomaniacs and curious people to snoop around. Plug all removable media units - CD/DVD, Floppy drives and USB Make sure that no configurations to hardware can be made (?) Monitor network traffic for non-linear events (how?) What is realistic to do in a real world? How does big companies handle this? Sure, we can take the former employer to court and sue, but by then the damage has already been caused... Thanks a lot

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  • Unable to resize ec2 ebs root volume

    - by nathanjosiah
    I have followed many of the tutorials that pretty much all say the same thing which is basically: Stop the instance Detach the volume Create a snapshot of the volume Create a bigger volume from the snapshot Attach the new volume to the instance Start the instance back up Run resize2fs /dev/xxx However, step 7 is where the problems start happening. In any case running resize2fs always tells me that it is already xxxxx blocks big and does nothing, even with -f passed. So I start to continue with tutorials which all basically say the same thing and that is: Delete all partitons Recreate them back to what they were except with the bigger sizes Reboot the instance and run resize2fs (I have tried these steps both from the live instance and by attaching the volume to another instance and running the commands there) The main problem is that the instance won't start back up again and the system error log provided in the AWS console doesn't provide any errors. (it does however stop at the grub bootloader which to me indicates that it doesn't like the partitions(yes, the boot flag was toggled on the partition with no affect)) The other thing that happens regardless of what changes I make to the partitions is that the instance that the volume is attached to says that the partition has an invalid magic number and the super-block is corrupt. However, if I make no changes and reattach the volume, the instance runs without a problem. Can anybody shed some light on what I could be doing wrong? Edit On my new volume of 20GB with the 6GB image,df -h says: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvde1 5.8G 877M 4.7G 16% / tmpfs 836M 0 836M 0% /dev/shm And fdisk -l /dev/xvde says: Disk /dev/xvde: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x7d833f39 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvde1 1 766 6144000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/xvde2 766 784 146432 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. Also, sudo resize2fs /dev/xvde1 says: resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) The filesystem is already 1536000 blocks long. Nothing to do!

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  • Is Ubuntu a bad distro for a standalone mysql database server?

    - by DhruvPathak
    I read an article here : http://www.mysqlperformanceblog.com/2011/12/08/which-linux-distribution-for-mysql-server/ On the other end there are Debian and Ubuntu. Both use tool called dpkg for package management. There isn’t a month that I log in to a system based on either distribution where there are no issues with packages consistency. Unfinished installations, unresolved conflicts are so common that it’s just beyond simple negligence. The packaging system is just not robust enough. Another problem is that one broken package may block you from installing or uninstalling anything else. Imagine that someone left system in such shape, you prepared for downtime, stopped MySQL and… error – text editor has not been properly installed, so you cannot upgrade MySQL either until the problem is fixed. In a stressful situation when downtime clock ticks – annoying at best We prefer Ubuntu server because of familiarity and Ubuntu also being development environment. Questions: Is Ubuntu used commonly in production for a mysql database server ? Is it worth the trouble ever to have one distro eg Ubuntu in web server, and another say Red Hat in database server ? Or Is a homogenous server pool a better choice ?

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  • Can't mount hard drive. Ubuntu 12.04

    - by Sam
    I am trying to recover some pictures on my 320 GB Hard Disk, so I put in a Live Ubuntu CD and am in that right now. In the devices list, it shows my USB drive, but not my 320 GB Hard Disk. I can see the disk in Disk Utility (it says it's on /dev/sda), but it's not mounted, and it says it has a few bad sectors but it is OK. In Disk Usage Analyzer, it says my maximum capacity is 13.4 GB, so it's definitely not using the 320 GB Hard Disk. I tried the following: sudo mkdir /media/newhd (worked) sudo mount /dev/sda /media/newhd (didn't work. it says I must specify the filesystem type) I then tried: fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sda (didn't work. Said: Superblock invalid, trying to backup blocks. then: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda. The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock) Does anyone have any ideas? The whole problem started when my Windows Vista said "Can't find operating system". Any ideas on how I can get on to my hard drive at /dev/sda?

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  • Restrict access to one SVN repository (overwrite default)

    - by teel
    I'm trying to set up our SVN server so that by default the group developers will have access to all repositories, but I want to override that setting on some certain repositories where I want to allow access only to single defined users (or separate groups) The current configuration is SVN + WebDAV on Apache2. All my repositories are located at /var/lib/svn/ In dav_svn.authz I currently have [/] @developers = rw @users = r Now I want to add one repository (let's call it secret_repo) that would only allow access to one user who is also a member of the developers group.¨ I tried to do [secret_repo:/] * = secret_user = rw Where secret_user is the user I'd like to give access to the repository, but it doesn't seem to work. Currently the server is using Apache's LDAP module to authenticate users from our active directory domain and I'd like to keep it that way if possible. Also I seem to be able to browse all my repos freely with any web browser, which I'd like to block. Second problem is that I have webSVN on the server, which is using Apache's LDAP authentication. Everyone who is a member of our domain can access it, so I'd like to hide this secret_repo from websvn listing. It's configured not with parentPath("/var/lib/svn");. Do I really need to remove that and add every repository separately, except the ones I want to hide?

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  • Wifi antenna extension with F-connector/RG-6(RG-59) cable?

    - by rjz2000
    In an older house, the wire mesh in walls surrounding the furnace behave like a Faraday cage and block wifi signals. It is also difficult to lay new cable, however there is television cable to multiple locations due to there once having been a roof-installed, television antenna. It would be relatively trivial to install the wifi router at the center distribution point, then have the antenna broadcasting/receiving the signal plugged in at each of the old television outlets. I assume that it would not be too difficult to find an adapter for SMA <- F-type connectors. The cable is actually RG-59 rather than RG-6, but I assume that it still has relatively good RF isolation along its length, which is no more than a couple hundred feet in any direction. Does anyone know a problem with the idea? Will a router get confused if there is /too little/ interference between the two antenna? Is that length of cable (~100ft) too long for the signal a router broadcasts? I have seen that it is also possible to use old ~$30/each FiOS cable modems available on eBay to extend a network over television cable. However, that seems like a less elegant solution, and might interfere with upnp and dlna services I'd like to have work on a single network. Thanks if anyone has answers or suggestions before I try this project!

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  • Wifi antenna extension with F-connector/RG-6(RG-59) cable?

    - by rjz2000
    In an older house, the wire mesh in walls surrounding the furnace behave like a Faraday cage and block wifi signals. It is also difficult to lay new cable, however there is television cable to multiple locations due to there once having been a roof-installed, television antenna. It would be relatively trivial to install the wifi router at the center distribution point, then have the antenna broadcasting/receiving the signal plugged in at each of the old television outlets. I assume that it would not be too difficult to find an adapter for SMA <- F-type connectors. The cable is actually RG-59 rather than RG-6, but I assume that it still has relatively good RF isolation along its length, which is no more than a couple hundred feet in any direction. Does anyone know a problem with the idea? Will a router get confused if there is /too little/ interference between the two antenna? Is that length of cable (~100ft) too long for the signal a router broadcasts? I have seen that it is also possible to use old ~$30/each FiOS cable modems available on eBay to extend a network over television cable. However, that seems like a less elegant solution, and might interfere with upnp and dlna services I'd like to have work on a single network. Thanks if anyone has answers or suggestions before I try this project!

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  • What are ways to prevent files with the Right-to-Left Override Unicode character in their name (a malware spoofing method) from being written or read?

    - by galacticninja
    What are ways to avoid or prevent files with the RLO (Right-to-Left Override) Unicode character in their name (a malware method to spoof filenames) from being written or read in a Windows PC? More info on the RLO unicode character here: http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/202e/index.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi-directional_text Info on the RLO unicode character when used by malware: http://www.ipa.jp/security/english/virus/press/201110/E_PR201110.html Mirror link: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:KasmfOvbVJ8J:www.ipa.jp/security/english/virus/press/201110/E_PR201110.html+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk You can try this RLO character test webpage: http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/202e/browsertest.htm The RLO character is also already pasted in the 'Input Test' field in that webpage. Try typing there and notice that the characters you're typing are coming out in their reverse orders (right-to-left, instead of left-to-right). In filenames, the RLO character can be specifically positioned in the filename to spoof or masquerade as having a filename or file extension that is different than what it actually has. (Will still be hidden even if 'Hide extensions for known filetypes' is unchecked.) The only info I can find that has info on how to prevent files with the RLO character from being run is from the Information Technology Promotion Agency, Japan website: http://www.ipa.jp/security/english/virus/press/201110/E_PR201110.html (Mirror link). They adviced to use the Local Security Policy settings manager to block files with the RLO character in its name from being run. Can anyone recommend any other good solutions to prevent files with the RLO character in their names from being written or being read in the computer, or a way to alert the user if a file with the RLO character is detected? My OS is Windows 7, but I'll be looking for solutions for Windows XP, Vista and 7, or a solution that will work for all those OSes, to help people using those OSes too.

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  • Prevent Linux from processing incoming ICMP Host unreachable packets

    - by bbc
    I have a test setup with one host on a network (10.1.0.0/16) talking via TCP to another one on another network (10.2.0.0/16) and a gateway in the middle. Sometimes, the TCP connection is lost and while scanning the trace (pcap), I looks like it's because of just one ICMP Host unreachable message sent by the gateway to 10.1.0.1 at some point. 10.1.0.1 then sends a TCP RST to 10.2.0.1. In my opinion, the gateway (pfSense) is broken or not configured correctly but anyway, for testing purposes, I'd like to block this kind of ICMP on the host (10.1.0.1) before it has an influence on my TCP connection (or does it? I'm not even sure). I've tried iptables: iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -p icmp --icmp-type host-unreachable -j DROP but while it does a good job at preventing userpace applications like ping from receiving these ICMP messages, my TCP connection still comes to an end when the alleged "killer ICMP packet" is sent by the gateway. Am I right about how it is processed? If yes, then what can I do to achieve my goal?

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  • Ubuntu 9.04: Ripping CDs with grip?

    - by chris
    I tried to rip a CD tonight, and couldn't figure out how to configure grip - /dev/cdrom doesn't seem to be the mount point for music CDs any more. How can I configure grip to find CDs? Update: /etc/fstab has /dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0 But there's nothing visible in /media/cdrom0 (or /media/cdrom, which is a symlink to cdrom0) There's an icon on the desktop labeled "Audio Disk" and opening it shows the .wav files on the CD. The location is cdda://sr0/, but grip doesn't like that either. Trying to manually mount /dev/sr0, I get $ sudo mount -t auto /dev/sr0 foo/ mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only mount: you must specify the filesystem type Update 2: Tried to change the media handling preferences (From a file browser, Edit-Preferences, Media, CD Audio) to "Do Nothing". CD Still doesn't mount. Update 3: With an audio CD in the drive: $ ls -l /dev/ | grep cd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 2009-09-15 22:13 cdrom1 -> sr0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 2009-09-15 22:13 cdrw1 -> sr0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 60 2009-09-15 22:13 pktcdvd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 2009-09-15 22:13 scd0 -> sr0 crw-rw----+ 1 root cdrom 21, 2 2009-09-15 22:13 sg2 brw-rw----+ 1 root cdrom 11, 0 2009-09-15 22:13 sr0

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  • Can you see something wrong in my .htaccess?

    - by AlexV
    OK, after many search, trial and errors I've managed to create an .htaccess that do what I wanted (see explanations and questions after the code block): <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On #1 If the requested file is not url-mapper.php (to avoid .htaccess loop) RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} (?<!url-mapper\.php)$ #2 If the requested URI does not end with an extension OR if the URI ends with .php* RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !\.(.*) [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} \.php.*$ [NC] #3 If the requested URI is not in an excluded location RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/seo-urls\/(excluded1|excluded2)(/.*)?$ #Then serve the URI via the mapper RewriteRule .* /seo-urls/url-mapper.php?uri=%{REQUEST_URI} [L,QSA] </IfModule> This is what the .htaccess should do: #1 is checking that the file requested is not url-mapper.php (to avoid infinite redirect loops). This file will always be at the root of the domain. #2 the .htaccess must only catch URLs that don't end with an extension (www.foo.com -- catch | www.foo.com/catch-me -- catch | www.foo.com/dont-catch.me -- don't catch) and URLs ending with .php* files (.php, .php4, .php5, .php123...). #3 some directories (and childs) can be excluded from the .htaccess (in this case /seo-urls/excluded1 and /seo-urls/excluded2). Finally the .htaccess feed the mapper with an hidden GET parameter named uri containing the requested uri. Even if I tested and everything works, I want to know if what I do is correct (and if it's the "best" way to do it). I've learned a lot with this "project" but I still consider myself a beginner at .htaccess and regular expressions so I want to triple check it there before putting it in production...

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  • Windows Server 2012 licensing issue preventing RDP connections?

    - by QF_Developer
    I am witnessing an unusual behaviour on 1 of 5 Windows Server 2012 R2 machines (clean install) that is preventing any remote connections from being established via RDP. I have run through the prerequisites for RDP here but I am finding that any remote connection attempt instantly stops the "Windows Protection Service". When I check the event logs I see the following entry. The Software Protection Service has stopped Event ID: 903 Source: Security-SPP From what I have read Security-SPP is tasked with enforcing activation and licensing, it appears that RDP requires this service to be in the running state. Is it possible that I have inadvertently activated this instance of Windows with a key that has already been associated to another instance (We have 5 keys as part of an MSDN subscription)? Would this be sufficient to block RDP access? When I look under System Properties (Windows Activation) it states that Windows is activated and there are no other obvious indicators that there's a licensing issue. EDIT 1: I ran a Powershell script to display the product keys for all servers in order to check for any duplication. For the problematic server I am getting the message The RPC server is unavailable.

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  • Network Security Device/Software

    - by Campo
    We currently run Symantec Antivirus Corporate 10.2. The software is really easy to manage on a network but the actual virus detection isn't bad but the malware detection is crap. We recently were infected with a email bot that got us put on some block lists. This has been resolved. I cannot have that happen again. I would like to find a program as easy to manage as symantec that I can install on all the user's workstations as well as the servers. We run a windows 2003 domain. We have a couple 2008 test servers in the environment. Most of the workstations are xp though I am using windows 7 and symantect is not compatible with this OS... So we need a solution that would cover all those operating systems. If it could be installed on macs too that would be a bonus though not necessary at all. This software must detect: Viruses AND Malware I am looking for something that combines the features in anti-malware programs like malwarebytes or spybot with an antivirus program like symantec or AVG. Alternatively if there is a piece of hardware that is a firewall, router, and packet inspection for virus/spam that would be the most ideal solution. I then could supplement with a piece of software that could pickup what the hardware misses. Thank you for your suggestions.

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  • Possible attack on my SQL server?

    - by erizias
    Checking my SQL Server log I see several entries like this: Date: 08-11-2011 11:40:42 Source: Logon Message: Login failed for user 'sa'. Reason: Password did not match for the login provided. [CLIENT: 56.60.156.50] Date: 08-11-2011 11:40:42 Source: Logon Message: Error: 18456. Severity: 14. State: 8. Date: 08-11-2011 11:40:41 Source: Logon Message: Login failed for user 'sa'. Reason: Password did not match for the login provided. [CLIENT: 56.60.156.50] Date: 08-11-2011 11:40:41 Source: Logon Message: Error: 18456. Severity: 14. State: 8. And so on.. Is this a possible attack on my SQL Server from the chineese???! I looked up the IP adress, at ip-lookup.net which stated it was chineese. And what to do? - Block the IP adress in the firewall? - Delete the user sa? And how do I protect my web server the best?! :) Thanks in advance!

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  • How do you optimize your Outlook Exchange + IMAP setup?

    - by Mike
    My company provides an Outlook/Exchange account we must use for mail/calendar. Like many companies, they unfortunately also provide a ridiculously small mail quota. I got tired of managing and backing up .pst files (since I'm always in my e-mail there is never a good time to back it up), so I started storing my archived mail "in the cloud", using an IMAP server I set up on my Linux box. This has a few drawbacks for me: IMAP (at least the implementation in Outlook) is *very slow*. Furthermore, if I move a large number of messages to the IMAP server, it blocks the entire Outlook client for hours sometimes, which is quite annoying. Can't use exchange over HTTP to do mail without launching a VPN session, because the client-side rules I have which organize my mail fail and disable the rule if the IMAP server can't be reached. If I reply to a message from my IMAP store, I have to specify a SMTP server willing to relay for me in order to send e-mail, unless I always remember to select my Exchange account while composing e-mail. ... but the main advantage of being very easy to back up, with a couple of cron jobs that essentially do an 'rsync'. Short of moving the IMAP server to my local host (which seem like might have the same file locking problems as using a .pst), my options seem limited for solving (1). I'd like to come up with a solution for (2) and (3) though. For problem (2) would it be possible to somehow tell Outlook that the IMAP server is "offline", and have it synchronize my changes during a periodic "send and receive"? If so, I wonder if it would block the Outlook client, like it does in problem (1), and if it would be compatible with the client-only rules I use to sort my mail into folders. I've looked all over the options menu and have not found a way to tell Outlook to not use a certain account for sending mail, which would solve (3). Is anyone else crazy enough to be doing something like this? Any ideas?

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  • Redirect from folder containing website

    - by Sam
    I have a website reached from this url: http://www.mysite.com/cms/index.php being served from this directory: public_html/cms/index.php In public_html I have this .htaccess RewriteRule (.*) cms/$1 [L] Which lets me get to the site like this: http://www.mysite.com/index.php But now if I reference the 'old' address, I'd like to redirect to the rewritten address with a permanent redirect code. for example: http://www.mysite.com/cms/?q=node/1 is redirected to... http://www.mysite.com/?q=node/1 How can I make this happen? EDIT: Also in the .htaccess file supplied with Drupal(cms), this is written. I've tried enabling it, but it doesn't seem to have any effect. # Modify the RewriteBase if you are using Drupal in a subdirectory or in a # VirtualDocumentRoot and the rewrite rules are not working properly. # For example if your site is at http://example.com/drupal uncomment and # modify the following line: # RewriteBase /drupal EDIT: Including more of my .htaccess file - seems relevant. # Block access to "hidden" directories whose names begin with a period. RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F] #Strip cms folder from url RewriteRule (.*) cms/$1 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico RewriteRule ^ index.php [L] # Rules to correctly serve gzip compressed CSS and JS files. # Requires both mod_rewrite and mod_headers to be enabled. <IfModule mod_headers.c> # Serve gzip compressed CSS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip. RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s RewriteRule ^(.*)\.css $1\.css\.gz [QSA] # Serve gzip compressed JS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip. RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s RewriteRule ^(.*)\.js $1\.js\.gz [QSA] # Serve correct content types, and prevent mod_deflate double gzip. RewriteRule \.css\.gz$ - [T=text/css,E=no-gzip:1] RewriteRule \.js\.gz$ - [T=text/javascript,E=no-gzip:1] <FilesMatch "(\.js\.gz|\.css\.gz)$"> # Serve correct encoding type. Header append Content-Encoding gzip # Force proxies to cache gzipped & non-gzipped css/js files separately. Header append Vary Accept-Encoding </FilesMatch>

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  • PHP-FPM processes holding onto MongoDB connection states

    - by Brendan
    For the relevant part of our server stack, we're running: NGINX 1.2.3 PHP-FPM 5.3.10 with PECL mongo 1.2.12 MongoDB 2.0.7 CentOS 6.2 We're getting some strange, but predictable behavior when the MongoDB server goes away (crashes, gets killed, etc). Even with a try/catch block around the connection code, i.e: try { $mdb = new Mongo('mongodb://localhost:27017'); } catch (MongoConnectionException $e) { die( $e->getMessage() ); } $db = $mdb->selectDB('collection_name'); Depending on which PHP-FPM workers have connected to mongo already, the connection state is cached, causing further exceptions to go unhandled, because the $mdb connection handler can't be used. The troubling thing is that the try does not consistently fail for a considerable amount of time, up to 15 minutes later, when -- I assume -- the php-fpm processes die/respawn. Essentially, the behavior is that when you hit a worker that hasn't connected to mongo yet, you get the die message above, and when you connect to a worker that has, you get an unhandled exception from $mdb->selectDB('collection_name'); because catch does not run. When PHP is a single process, i.e. via Apache with mod_php, this behavior does not occur. Just for posterity, going back to Apache/mod_php is not an option for us at this time. Is there a way to fix this behavior? I don't want the connection state to be inconsistent between different php-fpm processes.

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  • nginx won't serve an error_page in a subdirectory of the document root

    - by Brandan
    (Cross-posted from Stack Overflow; could possibly be migrated from there.) Here's a snippet of my nginx configuration: server { error_page 500 /errors/500.html; } When I cause a 500 in my application, Chrome just shows its default 500 page (Firefox and Safari show a blank page) rather than my custom error page. I know the file exists because I can visit http://server/errors/500.html and I see the page. I can also move the file to the document root and change the configuration to this: server { error_page 500 /500.html; } and nginx serves the page correctly, so it's doesn't seem like it's something else misconfigured on the server. I've also tried: server { error_page 500 $document_root/errors/500.html; } and: server { error_page 500 http://$http_host/errors/500.html; } and: server { error_page 500 /500.html; location = /500.html { root /path/to/errors/; } } with no luck. Is this expected behavior? Do error pages have to exist at the document root, or am I missing something obvious? Update 1: This also fails: server { error_page 500 /foo.html; } when foo.html does indeed exist in the document root. It almost seems like something else is overwriting my configuration, but this block is the only place anywhere in /etc/nginx/* that references the error_page directive. Is there any other place that could set nginx configuration?

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  • iptables : how to allow incoming ftp traffic?

    - by logansama
    Hi, Still fighting my way through the jungle that is called iptables. I have managed to allow FTP access outside of our LAN: both these would work. NOTE: eth0 is the LAN interface and eth1 is the WAN interface. iptables -t filter -A FORWARD -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 20:21 -j ACCEPT or iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -p tcp --sport 20:21 --dport 1024:65535 -j ACCEPT But when i connect to a external FTP server i manage to log in and all is fine until it wishes to List the directory content. Then nothing happens as the data is blocked, due to the fact that i do not have a rule set up to allow it! (my last rule on the FORWARD chain is to block all traffic) I have tried a gazillion rules (many of which i did not understand) to try and allow the FTP traffic back through my server. One such rule for example was: iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 20:21 --dport 1024:65535 -j ACCEPT But i cannot get the List to work. It just times out after a while. Would anyone perhaps know how to build a rule which would allow FTP to List / allow such traffic back? Or have a link to sources i could work through? Thank you,

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  • Skipping nginx PHP cache for certain areas of a site?

    - by DisgruntledGoat
    I have just set up a new server with nginx (which I am new to) and PHP. On my site there are essentially 3 different types of files: static content like CSS, JS, and some images (most images are on an external CDN) main PHP/MySQL database-driven website which essentially acts like a static site dynamic PHP/MySQL forum It is my understanding from this question and this page that the static files need no special treatment and will be served as fast as possible. I followed the answer from the above question to set up caching for PHP files and now I have a config like this: location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_cache one; fastcgi_cache_key $scheme$host$request_uri; fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 304 30m; fastcgi_cache_valid 301 1h; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fastcgi/php-fastcgi.socket; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /srv/www/example$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param HTTPS off; } However, now I want to prevent caching on the forum (either for everyone or only for logged-in users - haven't checked if the latter is feasible with the forum software). I've heard that "if is evil" inside location blocks, so I am unsure how to proceed. With the if inside the location block I would probably add this in the middle: if ($request_uri ~* "^/forum/") { fastcgi_cache_bypass 1; } # or possible this, if I'm able to cache pages for anonymous visitors if ($request_uri ~* "^/forum/" && $http_cookie ~* "loggedincookie") { fastcgi_cache_bypass 1; } Will that work fine, or is there a better way to achieve this?

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  • How do I speed up and cache mmap file access over NFS on Linux?

    - by Zan Lynx
    The server and client are both 64-bit Ubuntu 10.04 LTS. The application in question is a custom app that uses mmap() for fast random file access. Its ideal state is when the entire file is cached in RAM. The network connections are really fast 10Gb Ethernet. It is a virtual server blade setup. It isn't the network connections slowing things down because everything performs superbly when using a virtual disk (iSCSI to the SAN). But when we run the application on a NFS home directory mount, performance goes to the dogs. It appears that the Linux kernel isn't caching anything. So it is reading every single disk block needed by mmap() accesses over and over and over again. The NFS mount is done through autofs, which has only default settings. /proc/mounts shows the NFS mount is done with the following options: rw,relatime,vers=3,rsize=131072,wsize=131072,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,mountaddr=192.168.11.52,mountvers=3,mountproto=tcp,addr=192.168.11.52 How can I make Ubuntu 10.04 cache the file instead of reloading it all the time?

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  • Adding a transaction ID to ruby-on-rails logs

    - by Blue Warrior NFB
    We have a RoR app (rails version 3.2.15 right now). As it has been getting busier, the log-files it's producing are becoming less and less useful for troubleshooting. When they come in like this, it's not a problem: Started GET "/accounts/28088166/kittens/22894/rendered_png?file_id=5d3eaec77954a489b5ddd75143091767&kitten_store_id=9970569bbacf7b6dbeb4eb9295960d69&size=large" for 172.16.202.30 at 2013-11-12 13:45:00 +0000 Processing by KittenController#rendered_png as HTML Parameters: {"file_id"="5d3eaec77954a489b5ddd75143091767", "kitten_store_id"="9970569bbacf7b6dbeb4eb9295960d69", "size"="large", "kitten_cam_id"="280941", "id"="kjlak357aw479607t"} Rendered text template (0.0ms) Sent data (1.8ms) Completed 200 OK in 1037.4ms (Views: 1.4ms | ActiveRecord: 98.4ms) Short request, quickly assembled, all the relevant log-lines are in one block. However, not all of our code renders in 1037ms. There are a few calls that can exceed several seconds, and during that time several of these quicker ones can come in. When that happens, its very, very hard to identify which log-lines belong to which GET. Sent data (4.1ms) Completed 200 OK in 767.4ms (Views: 3.2ms | ActiveRecord: 72.2ms) Completed 200 OK in 2338.0ms (Views: 0.2ms | ActiveRecord: 0.0ms) Ooookaaaay... which goes to what? Is it possible to add something like a transaction-ID to these log-lines? The log-spam would be interspersed, but at least grep-magic would give me the unified entries that I need.

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  • Read non-blocking from multiple fifos in parallel

    - by Ole Tange
    I sometimes sit with a bunch of output fifos from programs that run in parallel. I would like to merge these fifos. The naïve solution is: cat fifo* > output But this requires the first fifo to complete before reading the first byte from the second fifo, and this will block the parallel running programs. Another way is: (cat fifo1 & cat fifo2 & ... ) > output But this may mix the output thus getting half-lines in output. When reading from multiple fifos, there must be some rules for merging the files. Typically doing it on a line by line basis is enough for me, so I am looking for something that does: parallel_non_blocking_cat fifo* > output which will read from all fifos in parallel and merge the output on with a full line at a time. I can see it is not hard to write that program. All you need to do is: open all fifos do a blocking select on all of them read nonblocking from the fifo which has data into the buffer for that fifo if the buffer contains a full line (or record) then print out the line if all fifos are closed/eof: exit goto 2 So my question is not: can it be done? My question is: Is it done already and can I just install a tool that does this?

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  • TCP/UDP hole punching from and to the same NAT network

    - by Luc
    I was wondering if tcp/udp hole punching would still work when you are in the same network (behind a NAT), and what the packet's path would be. What happens when using hole punching on the same network, is that it will send a packet out with the same destination and source address. Only the source and destination port would differ. I imagine a router with NAT loopback enabled will handle this as it should, but how about other routers? Would they drop the packet, or would a router (the first?) from the ISP bounce the packet back after which it gets handled okay? I'm wondering because I was thinking about using this technique to circumvent a block between peers in a network (like a school network where clients can only access the internet, but any contact with each other is blocked). The only other option is to use a man in the middle as proxy (tunnel?). The disadvantage of this is that you have to have a server with significantly more bandwidth than one that would only do hole punching. Also the latency would increase significantly.

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  • Blue screen of Death on Install

    - by Toby Allen
    I have a machine with Windows Vista Installed. It has an Intel X25 SSD as the System Drive I want to reinstall (I plan to format and overwrite Vista) with XP. When I boot up using the Dell XP CD it loads the initial drivers then i get a Blue Screen. This is quite concerning. The installed OS works ok, but its giving problems so I want to remove it. Should I just format the SSD and try again? Will this make any difference? Can I do something to avoid hitting the Blue Screen? Its possible I had corrupt sectors on one of the other disks, will a new XP install use the System drive or drive 0? Can I force the install to use a specific drive when installing? Error: *** STOP: 0x0000007B (0xF78D2524,0x0000034,0x00000000,0x00000000) I never did find the answer, however I removed the SSD and tried to install on other disk - CRASH I disconnected the other disk and tried to install with only SSD plugged in - CRASH I removed 1 block of RAM - CRASH I used a windows 7 CD - NO CRASH

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