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• Do the 'up to date' guarantees provided by final field in Java's memory model extend to indirect ref

  - by mattbh

  The Java language spec defines semantics of final fields in section 17.5: The usage model for final fields is a simple one. Set the final fields for an object in that object's constructor. Do not write a reference to the object being constructed in a place where another thread can see it before the object's constructor is finished. If this is followed, then when the object is seen by another thread, that thread will always see the correctly constructed version of that object's final fields. It will also see versions of any object or array referenced by those final fields that are at least as up-to-date as the final fields are. My question is - does the 'up-to-date' guarantee extend to the contents of nested arrays, and nested objects? An example scenario: Thread A constructs a HashMap of ArrayLists, then assigns the HashMap to final field 'myFinal' in an instance of class 'MyClass' Thread B sees a (non-synchronized) reference to the MyClass instance and reads 'myFinal', and accesses and reads the contents of one of the ArrayLists In this scenario, are the members of the ArrayList as seen by Thread B guaranteed to be at least as up to date as they were when MyClass's constructor completed?

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• Why are my bound parameters all identical (using Linq)?

  - by Scott Stafford

  When I run this snippet of code: string[] words = new string[] { "foo", "bar" }; var results = from row in Assets select row; foreach (string word in words) { results = results.Where(row => row.Name.Contains(word)); } I get this SQL: -- Region Parameters DECLARE @p0 VarChar(5) = '%bar%' DECLARE @p1 VarChar(5) = '%bar%' -- EndRegion SELECT ... FROM [Assets] AS [t0] WHERE ([t0].[Name] LIKE @p0) AND ([t0].[Name] LIKE @p1) Note that @p0 and @p1 are both bar, when I wanted them to be foo and bar. I guess Linq is somehow binding a reference to the variable word rather than a reference to the string currently referenced by word? What is the best way to avoid this problem? (Also, if you have any suggestions for a better title for this question, please put it in the comments.) Note that I tried this with regular Linq also, with the same results (you can paste this right into Linqpad): string[] words = new string[] { "f", "a" }; string[] dictionary = new string[] { "foo", "bar", "jack", "splat" }; var results = from row in dictionary select row; foreach (string word in words) { results = results.Where(row => row.Contains(word)); } results.Dump(); Dumps: bar jack splat

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• User Defined Conversions in C++

  - by wash

  Recently, I was browsing through my copy of the C++ Pocket Reference from O'Reilly Media, and I was surprised when I came across a brief section and example regarding user-defined conversion for user-defined types: #include <iostream> class account { private: double balance; public: account (double b) { balance = b; } operator double (void) { return balance; } }; int main (void) { account acc(100.0); double balance = acc; std::cout << balance << std::endl; return 0; } I've been programming in C++ for awhile, and this is the first time I've ever seen this sort of operator overloading. The book's description of this subject is somewhat brief, leaving me with a few unanswered questions about this feature: Is this a particularly obscure feature? As I said, I've been programming in C++ for awhile and this is the first time I've ever come across this. I haven't had much luck finding more in-depth material regarding this. Is this relatively portable? (I'm compiling on GCC 4.1) Can user-defined conversions to user defined types be done? e.g. operator std::string () { /* code */ }

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• How can I make this simple C# generics factory work?

  - by Kevin Brassen

  I have this design: public interface IFactory<T> { T Create(); T CreateWithSensibleDefaults(); } public class AppleFactory : IFactory<Apple> { ... } public class BananaFactory : IFactory<Banana> { ... } // ... The fictitious Apple and Banana here do not necessarily share any common types (other than object, of course). I don't want clients to have to depend on specific factories, so instead, you can just ask a FactoryManager for a new type. It has a FactoryForType method: IFactory<T> FactoryForType<T>(); Now you can invoke the appropriate interface methods with something like FactoryForType<Apple>().Create(). So far, so good. But there's a problem at the implementation level: how do I store this mapping from types to IFactory<T>s? The naive answer is an IDictionary<Type, IFactory<T>>, but that doesn't work since there's no type covariance on the T (I'm using C# 3.5). Am I just stuck with an IDictionary<Type, object> and doing the casting manually?

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• Why is T() = T() allowed?

  - by Rimo

  I believe the expression T() creates an rvalue (by the Standard). However, the following code compiles (at least on gcc4.0): class T {}; int main() { T() = T(); } I know technically this is possible because member functions can be invoked on temporaries and the above is just invoking the operator= on the rvalue temporary created from the first T(). But conceptually this is like assigning a new value to an rvalue. Is there a good reason why this is allowed? Edit: The reason I find this odd is it's strictly forbidden on built-in types yet allowed on user-defined types. For example, int(2) = int(3) won't compile because that is an "invalid lvalue in assignment". So I guess the real question is, was this somewhat inconsistent behavior built into the language for a reason? Or is it there for some historical reason? (E.g it would be conceptually more sound to allow only const member functions to be invoked on rvalue expressions, but that cannot be done because that might break some existing code.)

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• Concept: Information Into Memory Location.

  - by Richeve S. Bebedor

  I am having troubles conceptualizing an algorithm to be used to transform any information or data into a specific appropriate and reasonable memory location in any data structure that I will be devising. To give you an idea, I have a JPanel object instance and I created another Container type object instance of any subtype (note this is in Java because I love this language), then I collected those instances into a data structure not specifically just for those instances but also applicable to any type of object. Now my procedure for fetching those data again is to extract the object specific features similar in category to all object in that data structure and transform it into a integer data memory location (specifically as much as possible) or any type of data that will pertain to this transformation. And I can already access that memory location without further sorting or applications of O(n) time complex algorithms (which I think preferable but I wanted to do my own way XD). The data structure is of any type either binary tree, linked list, arrays or sets (and the like XD). What is important is I don't need to have successive comparing and analysis of data just to locate information in big structures. To give you a technical idea, I have to an array DS that contains JLabel object instance with a specific name "HelloWorld". But array DS contains other types of object (in multitude). Now this JLabel object has a location in the array at index [124324] (which is if you do any type of searching algorithm just to arrive at that location is conceivably slow because added to it the data structure used was an array *note please disregard the efficiency of the data structure to be used I just want to explain to you my concept XD). Now I want to equate "HelloWorld" to 124324 by using a conceptually made function applicable to all data types. So that I can do a direct search by doing this DS[extractLocation("HelloWorld")] just to get that JLabel instance. I know this may sound crazy but I want to test my concept of non-sorting feature extracting search algorithm for any data structure wherein my main problem is how to transform information to be stored into memory location of where it was stored.

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• Is there a case for parameterising using Abstract classes rather than Interfaces?

  - by Chris

  I'm currently developing a component based API that is heavily stateful. The top level components implement around a dozen interfaces each. The stock top-level components therefore sit ontop of a stack of Abstract implementations which in turn contain multiple mixin implementations and implement multiple mixin interfaces. So far, so good (I hope). The problem is that the base functionality is extremely complex to implement (1,000s of lines in 5 layers of base classes) and therefore I do not wish for component writers to implement the interfaces themselves but rather to extend my base classes (where all the boiler plate code is already written). If the API therefore accepts interfaces rather than references to the Abstract implementation that I wish for component writers to extends, then I have a risk that the implementer will not perform the validation that is both required and assumed by other areas of code. Therefore, my question is, is it sometimes valid to paramerise API methods using an abstract implementation reference rather than a reference to the interface(s) that it implements? Do you have an example of a well-designed API that uses this technique or am I trying to talk myself into bad-practice?

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• C++ gdb GUI

  - by HappyDude

  Briefly: Does anyone know of a GUI for gdb that brings it on par or close to the feature set you get in the more recent version of Visual C++? In detail: As someone who has spent a lot of time programming in Windows, one of the larger stumbling blocks I've found whenever I have to code C++ in Linux is that debugging anything using commandline gdb takes me several times longer than it does in Visual Studio, and it does not seem to be getting better with practice. Some things are just easier or faster to express graphically. Specifically, I'm looking for a GUI that: Handles all the basics like stepping over & into code, watch variables and breakpoints Understands and can display the contents of complex & nested C++ data types Doesn't get confused by and preferably can intelligently step through templated code and data structures while displaying relevant information such as the parameter types Can handle threaded applications and switch between different threads to step through or view the state of Can handle attaching to an already-started process or reading a core dump, in addition to starting the program up in gdb If such a program does not exist, then I'd like to hear about experiences people have had with programs that meet at least some of the bullet points. Does anyone have any recommendations? Edit: Listing out the possibilities is great, and I'll take what I can get, but it would be even more helpful if you could include in your responses: (a) Whether or not you've actually used this GUI and if so, what positive/negative feedback you have about it. (b) If you know, which of the above-mentioned features are/aren't supported Lists are easy to come by, sites like this are great because you can get an idea of people's personal experiences with applications.

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• Simple aggregating query very slow in PostgreSql, any way to improve?

  - by Ash

  HI I have a table which holds files and their types such as CREATE TABLE files ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), filetype VARCHAR(255), ... ); and another table for holding file properties such as CREATE TABLE properties ( id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, file_id INTEGER CONSTRAINT fk_files REFERENCES files(id), size INTEGER, ... // other property fields ); The file_id field has an index. The file table has around 800k lines, and the properties table around 200k (not all files necessarily have/need a properties). I want to do aggregating queries, for example find the average size and standard deviation for all file types. But it's very slow - around 70 seconds for the latter query. I understand it needs a sequential scan, but still it seems too much. Here's the query SELECT f.filetype, avg(size), stddev(size) FROM files as f, properties as pr WHERE f.id = pr.file_id GROUP BY f.filetype; and the explain HashAggregate (cost=140292.20..140293.94 rows=116 width=13) (actual time=74013.621..74013.954 rows=110 loops=1) -> Hash Join (cost=6780.19..138945.47 rows=179564 width=13) (actual time=1520.104..73156.531 rows=179499 loops=1) Hash Cond: (f.id = pr.file_id) -> Seq Scan on files f (cost=0.00..108365.41 rows=1140941 width=9) (actual time=0.998..62569.628 rows=805270 loops=1) -> Hash (cost=3658.64..3658.64 rows=179564 width=12) (actual time=1131.053..1131.053 rows=179499 loops=1) -> Seq Scan on properties pr (cost=0.00..3658.64 rows=179564 width=12) (actual time=0.753..557.171 rows=179574 loops=1) Total runtime: 74014.520 ms Any ideas why it is so slow/how to make it faster?

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• Any web services with APIs for outsourcing webapp transactional email? [closed]

  - by Tauren

  My webapp needs to send customized messages to members and I'm wondering if there is an inexpensive and easy to use web service that would meet my needs. The types of mail I will be sending include: New account activation email (sent ASAP) Daily status report of user's account (sent anytime) Event reminders (sent at specific time) Specifically, I would like the following features: RESTful API to add an email message into the send queue A way to add a priority to each message (account signup activations should be sent immediately, while a daily status report could be sent anytime each day) They manage the sending of mail and the processing of bounces Possibly, they manage opt-out/opt-in features They offer features such as DKIM, VERP, etc. If their service determines an address is undeliverable (via VERP or other means, a user unsubscribes, etc), they make a RESTful call to my web service to notify me Nice if they had some reporting features, WebBugs, link tracking, etc. What I am NOT looking for is an email marketing service that caters only to sending out copies of the same mail to masses of recipients. I need to send out unique and custom messages to individuals. I had a chat with MailChimp about using their services for sending these types of messages and they said their service does not support customized emails per recipient. Edit: I just discovered a service called JangoSMTP that appears to meet many of my requirements. It provides an API for sending mail, supports DKIM, bounce management, and even feedback loops. Unfortunately, their idea of inexpensive doesn't mesh with mine, as it would cost $180/mo to send a single daily message to my 1000 users.

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• How to preserve the state of JavaScript closure?

  - by Uccio

  I am working on a migration platform to migrate web applications from a device to another. I am extending it to add the support for preserving JavaScript state. My main task is to create a file representing the current state of the executing application, to transmit it to another device and to reload the state in the destination device. The basic solution I adopted is to navigate the window object and to save all its descendant properties using JSON as base format for exportation and extending it to implement some features: preserving object reference, even if cyclic (dojox.json.ref library) support for timers Date non-numericproperties of arrays reference to DOM elements The most important task I need to solve now is exportation of closures. At this moment I didn't know how to implement this feature. I read about the internal EcmaScript property [[scope]] containing the scope chain of a function, a list-like object composed by all the nested activation context of the function. Unfortunately it is not accessible by JavaScript. Anyone know if there is a way to directly access the [[scope]] property? Or another way to preserve the state of a closure?

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• C++ creating generic template function specialisations

  - by Fire Lancer

  I know how to specialise a template function, however what I want to do here is specialise a function for all types which have a given method, eg: template<typename T> void foo(){...} template<typename T, if_exists(T::bar)>void foo(){...}//always use this one if the method T::bar exists T::bar in my classes is static and has different return types. I tried doing this by having an empty base class ("class HasBar{};") for my classes to derive from and using boost::enable_if with boost::is_base_of on my "specialised" version. However the problem then is that for classes that do have bar, the compiler cant resolve which one to use :(. template<typename T> typename boost::enable_if<boost::is_base_of(HasBar, T>, void>::type f() {...} I know that I could use boost::disable_if on the "normal" version, however I do not control the normal version (its provided by a third party library and its expected for specialisations to be made, I just don't really want to make explicit specialisations for my 20 or so classes), nor do I have that much control over the code using these functions, just the classes implementing T::bar and the function that uses it. Is there some way to tell the compiler to "always use this version if possible no matter what" without altering the other versions?

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• VB.NET CInt(Long) behaving differently in 32- and 64-bit environments

  - by LocoDelAssembly

  Hello everybody, this is my first message here. Today I had a problem converting a Long (Int64) to an Integer (Int32). The problem is that my code was always working in 32-bit environments, but when I try THE SAME executable in a 64-bit computer it crashes with a System.OverflowException exception. I've prepared this test code in VS2008 in a new project with default settings: Module Module1 Sub Main() Dim alpha As Long = -1 Dim delta As Integer Try delta = CInt(alpha And UInteger.MaxValue) Console.WriteLine("CINT OK") delta = Convert.ToInt32(alpha And UInteger.MaxValue) Console.WriteLine("Convert.ToInt32 OK") Catch ex As Exception Console.WriteLine(ex.GetType().ToString()) Finally Console.ReadLine() End Try End Sub End Module On my 32-bit setups (Windows XP SP3 32-bit and Windows 7 32-bit) it prints "CINT OK", but in the 64-bit computer (Windows 7 64-bit) that I've tested THE SAME executable it prints the exception name only. Is this behavior documented? I tried to find a reference but failed miserably. For reference I leave the MSIL code too: .method public static void Main() cil managed { .entrypoint .custom instance void [mscorlib]System.STAThreadAttribute::.ctor() = ( 01 00 00 00 ) // Code size 88 (0x58) .maxstack 2 .locals init ([0] int64 alpha, [1] int32 delta, [2] class [mscorlib]System.Exception ex) IL_0000: nop IL_0001: ldc.i4.m1 IL_0002: conv.i8 IL_0003: stloc.0 IL_0004: nop .try { .try { IL_0005: ldloc.0 IL_0006: ldc.i4.m1 IL_0007: conv.u8 IL_0008: and IL_0009: conv.ovf.i4 IL_000a: stloc.1 IL_000b: ldstr "CINT OK" IL_0010: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string) IL_0015: nop IL_0016: ldloc.0 IL_0017: ldc.i4.m1 IL_0018: conv.u8 IL_0019: and IL_001a: call int32 [mscorlib]System.Convert::ToInt32(int64) IL_001f: stloc.1 IL_0020: ldstr "Convert.ToInt32 OK" IL_0025: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string) IL_002a: nop IL_002b: leave.s IL_0055 } // end .try catch [mscorlib]System.Exception { IL_002d: dup IL_002e: call void [Microsoft.VisualBasic]Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.ProjectData::SetProjectError(class [mscorlib]System.Exception) IL_0033: stloc.2 IL_0034: nop IL_0035: ldloc.2 IL_0036: callvirt instance class [mscorlib]System.Type [mscorlib]System.Exception::GetType() IL_003b: callvirt instance string [mscorlib]System.Type::ToString() IL_0040: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string) IL_0045: nop IL_0046: call void [Microsoft.VisualBasic]Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices.ProjectData::ClearProjectError() IL_004b: leave.s IL_0055 } // end handler } // end .try finally { IL_004d: nop IL_004e: call string [mscorlib]System.Console::ReadLine() IL_0053: pop IL_0054: endfinally } // end handler IL_0055: nop IL_0056: nop IL_0057: ret } // end of method Module1::Main I suspect that the instruction that is behaving differently is either conv.ovf.i4 or the ldc.i4.m1/conv.u8 pair. If you know what is going on here please let me know Thanks

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• How to dynamicly build up a gui

  - by InsertNickHere

  Hi there, for the app i am creating i need a lot "option menus". E.g. for the sound file trimming part it would be something like "leadingSilence" / Integer "trailingSilence" / Integer "hold" / Integer. Overall, there are a lot of options of different types (int, float, string), and im thinking about if it is a better way to manualy create a window for each option set, or to dynamicly create them. last one would be quite easy if all types were similar (so i would just add eg spinButtons) I guess but its not. At this time i mange the options with the standard .properties of jave, and there is no need to change. My question is: is there a lib which provides such functionality, or is there a "standard way" to do this? How much work would it be? How to dynamicly create the selection listeners? In could i'd love to have something like: OptionWindow trimmingOptionWindow = createWindowFromOptionSet(OptionManager.getOptions("trimming") ); trimmingOptionWindow.open(); I hope its clear what I mean :)

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• Firefox "intelligently" and silently fixes incorrect file references in CSS and Scripts at runtime.

  - by bobsoap

  Well this is a really weird issue, I really didn't find anything on this elsewhere so I thought I'd address it here. Say I have an "image.jpg" and accidentally reference it in the CSS like so: url(imag.jpg) Note the missing "e". Now for me, Firefox is so incredibly clever that it will still find the correct image, but NOT SPIT OUT A WARNING. So I assume that everything is ok. But later, when I test the page in any other browser, all of a sudden the image doesn't display (and rightly so). That's because Firefox thought it was a good idea to correct my error without telling me. This becomes more critical with scripts. Firefox will also auto-correct a typo in a reference. I just wasted a whole hour scratching my head and trying to debug an ajax function in Webkit - turns out, I just had a typo where I included the file. Why on earth does Firefox do this without telling, and where the heck can I turn this off? This has first occured somewhere around FF 3.0 and still persists in 3.6.3. /rant an thank fo any inpu ;)

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• Can I pass a non-generic type where a generic type is expected?

  - by Water Cooler v2

  I want to define a set of classes that collect and persist data. I want to call them either on-demand basis, or in a chain-of-responsibility fashion, as the caller pleases. To support the chaining, I have declared my interface like so: interface IDataManager<T, K> { T GetData(K args); void WriteData(Stream stream); void WriteData(T data, Stream stream); IDataCollectionPolicy Policy; IDataManager<T, K> NextDataManager; } But the T's and K's for each concrete types will be different. If I give it like this: IDataManager<T, K> NextDataManager; I assume that the calling code will only be able to chain types that have the same T's and K's. Is there a way I can have it chain any type of IDataManager? One thing that occurs to me is to have IDataManager inherit from a non-generic IDataManager like so: interface IDataManager { } interface IDataManager<T, K>: IDataManager { T GetData(K args); void WriteData(Stream stream); void WriteData(T data, Stream stream); IDataCollectionPolicy Policy; IDataManager NextDataManager; } Is this going to work?

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• C++ Conceptual problem with (Pointer) Pointers

  - by Ptr

  I have a structure usually containing a pointer to an int. However, in some special cases, it is necessary that this int pointer points to another pointer which then points to an int. Wow: I mentioned the word pointer 5 times so far! Is this even possible? I thought about it that way: Instead of using a second int pointer, which is most likely not possible as my main int pointer can only point to an int and not to another int pointer, I could make it a reference like this: int intA = 1; int intB = 2; int& intC = intB; int* myPointers[ 123 ]; myPointers[ 0 ] = &intA; myPointers[ 1 ] = &intB; myPointers[ 3 ] = &intC; So the above would do what I want: The reference to intB (intC) behaves quite like I want it to (If it gets changed it also changes intB) The problem: I can't change references once they are set, right? Or is there a way? Everything in short: How do I get a value to work with * (pointers) and ** (pointers to pointers)?

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• My method is too specific. How can I make it more generic?

  - by EricBoersma

  I have a class, the outline of which is basically listed below. import org.apache.commons.math.stat.Frequency; public class WebUsageLog { private Collection<LogLine> logLines; private Collection<Date> dates; WebUsageLog() { this.logLines = new ArrayList<LogLine>(); this.dates = new ArrayList<Date>(); } SortedMap<Double, String> getFrequencyOfVisitedSites() { SortedMap<Double, String> frequencyMap = new TreeMap<Double, String>(Collections.reverseOrder()); //we reverse order to sort from the highest percentage to the lowest. Collection<String> domains = new HashSet<String>(); Frequency freq = new Frequency(); for (LogLine line : this.logLines) { freq.addValue(line.getVisitedDomain()); domains.add(line.getVisitedDomain()); } for (String domain : domains) { frequencyMap.put(freq.getPct(domain), domain); } return frequencyMap; } } The intention of this application is to allow our Human Resources folks to be able to view Web Usage Logs we send to them. However, I'm sure that over time, I'd like to be able to offer the option to view not only the frequency of visited sites, but also other members of LogLine (things like the frequency of assigned categories, accessed types [text/html, img/jpeg, etc...] filter verdicts, and so on). Ideally, I'd like to avoid writing individual methods for compilation of data for each of those types, and they could each end up looking nearly identical to the getFrequencyOfVisitedSites() method. So, my question is twofold: first, can you see anywhere where this method should be improved, from a mechanical standpoint? And secondly, how would you make this method more generic, so that it might be able to handle an arbitrary set of data?

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• Should I still be using jquery .getJson in 1.4.2?

  - by chobo2

  Hi I was looking at the 14 days of jquery http://jquery14.com/day-01/jquery-14 and I saw this and it got me to wondering is there a point to use getJson anymore? JSON and script types auto-detected by content-type (jQuery.ajax Documentation, Commit 1, Commit 2) If the response to an Ajax request is returned with a JSON mime type (application/json), the dataType defaults to “json” (if no dataType is specified). Additionally, if the response to an Ajax request is returned with a JavaScript mime type (text/javascript or application/x-javascript) , the dataType defaults to “script” (if no dataType is specified), causing the script to automatically execute. First I can see such a huge benefit of this. In jquery 1.3 I came to a situation where in some cases I would return a partial view and some cases I would return a json result (asp.net mvc). It worked in firefox but in no other browser and one of the problems was I basically had to tell jquery to either do json or text/html. With it automatically detecting I could get away with this. Anyways I found a solution around this at that time. So now it just makes me wonder if there is any point to using GetJson. I am also unsure how to set these JavaScript mime types? I am assuming that if you return a JsonResult from asp.net mvc it will set it. but I am not sure if I was just sending a text result if it would be set( I am not sure if ContentResult would set this).

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• How to pass a parameter in a Javascript confirm function?

  - by Miles M.

  I have something like that in my code: <?php foreach($clients as $client): ?> <tr class="tableContent"> <td onclick="location.href='<?php echo site_url('clients/edit/'.$client->id ) ?>'"><?php echo $client->id ?></td> <td><a class='Right btn btn-danger' onClick="ConfirmMessage('client', <?php $client->id ?>,'clients')"> <i class="icon-remove-sign icon-white"></i> </a></td> </tr> <?php endforeach ?> that's actually the view. So when the user click on the delete button (thr one with the btn-danger class) I'd like him to confirm his choice with a javascript confirmation box message. You can find that script in the header <script> function ConfirmMessage(type, id, types) { if (confirm("Are you sure you want to delete this ",type," ?")) { // Clic sur OK document.location.href='<?php echo site_url(); ?>',types,'/delete/',id; } } </script> So here is my question: I would like the $type to be replaced by a paramenter (like client, article, post .. ) that I'll pass to the function. And i would like to get the $client-id parameter as well. I'm bad in javascript and as you already have guess, It is obviously not working at all.

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• mvc design in a card game

  - by Hong

  I'm trying to make a card game. some classes I have are: CardModel, CardView; DeckModel, DeckView. The deck model has a list of card model, According to MVC, if I want to send a card to a deck, I can add the card model to the deck model, and the card view will be added to the deck view by a event handler. So I have a addCard(CardModel m) in the DeckModel class, but if I want to send a event to add the card view of that model to the deck view, I only know let the model has a reference to view. So the question is: If the card model and deck model have to have a reference to their view classes to do it? If not, how to do it better? Update, the code: public class DeckModel { private ArrayList<CardModel> cards; private ArrayList<EventHandler> actionEventHandlerList; public void addCard(CardModel card){ cards.add(card); //processEvent(event x); //must I pass a event that contain card view here? } CardModel getCards(int index){ return cards.get(index); } public synchronized void addEventHandler(EventHandler l){ if(actionEventHandlerList == null) actionEventHandlerList = new ArrayList<EventHandler>(); if(!actionEventHandlerList.contains(l)) actionEventHandlerList.add(l); } public synchronized void removeEventHandler(EventHandler l){ if(actionEventHandlerList!= null && actionEventHandlerList.contains(l)) actionEventHandlerList.remove(l); } private void processEvent(Event e){ ArrayList list; synchronized(this){ if(actionEventHandlerList!= null) list = (ArrayList)actionEventHandlerList.clone(); else return; } for(int i=0; i<actionEventHandlerList.size(); ++i){ actionEventHandlerList.get(i).handle(e); } } }

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• What is the meaning of @ModelAttribute annotation at method argument level?

  - by beemaster

  Spring 3 reference teaches us: When you place it on a method parameter, @ModelAttribute maps a model attribute to the specific, annotated method parameter I don't understand this magic spell, because i sure that model object's alias (key value if using ModelMap as return type) passed to the View after executing of the request handler method. Therefore when request handler method executes the model object's name can't be mapped to the method parameter. To solve this contradiction i went to stackoverflow and found this detailed example. The author of example said: // The "personAttribute" model has been passed to the controller from the JSP It seems, he is charmed by Spring reference... To dispel the charms i deployed his sample app in my environment and cruelly cut @ModelAttribute annotation from method MainController.saveEdit. As result the application works without any changes! So i conclude: the @ModelAttribute annotation is not needed to pass web form's field values to the argument's fields. Then i stuck to the question: what is the mean of @ModelAttribute annotation? If the only mean is to set alias for model object in View, then why this way better than explicitly adding of object to ModelMap?

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• How does a java compiler resolve a non-imported name

  - by gexicide

  Consider I use a type X in my java compilation unit from package foo.bar and X is not defined in the compilation unit itself nor is it directly imported. How does a java compiler resolve X now efficiently? There are a few possibilities where X could reside: X might be imported via a star import a.b.* X might reside in the same package as the compilation unit X might be a language type, i.e. reside in java.lang The problem I see is especially (2.). Since X might be a package-private type, it is not even required that X resides in a compilation unit that is named X.java. Thus, the compiler must look into all entries of the class path and search for any classes in a package foo.bar, it then must read every class that is in package foo.bar to check whether X is included. That sounds very expensive. Especially when I compile only a single file, the compiler has to read dozens of class files only to find a type X. If I use a lot of star imports, this procedure has to be repeated for a lot of types (although class files won't be read twice, of course). So is it advisable to import also types from the same package to speed up the compilation process? Or is there a faster method for resolving an unimported type X which I was not able to find?

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• IS operator behaving a bit strangely

  - by flockofcode

  1) According to my book, IS operator can check whether expression E (E is type) can be converted to the target type only if E is either a reference conversion, boxing or unboxing. Since in the following example IS doesn’t check for either of the three types of conversion, the code shouldn’t work, but it does: int i=100; if (i is long) //returns true, indicating that conversion is possible l = i; 2) a) B b; A a = new A(); if (a is B) b = (B)a; int i = b.l; class A { public int l = 100; } class B:A { } The above code always causes compile time error “Use of unassigned variable”. If condition a is B evaluates to false, then b won’t be assigned a value, but if condition is true, then it will. And thus by allowing such a code compiler would have no way of knowing whether the usage of b in code following the if statement is valid or not ( due to not knowing whether a is b evaluates to true or false) , but why should it know that? Intsead why couldn’t runtime handle this? b) But if instead we’re dealing with non reference types, then compiler doesn’t complain, even though the code is identical.Why? int i = 100; long l; if (i is long) l = i; thank you

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• Does ReleaseStringUTF do more than free memory?

  - by Bayou Bob

  Consider the following C code segments. Segment 1: char * getSomeString(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr) { char * retString; retString = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, jstr, NULL); return retString; } void useSomeString(JNIEnv *env, jobject jobj, char *mName) { jclass cl = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jobj); jmethodId mId = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cl, mName, "()Ljava/lang/String;"); jstring jstr = (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, obj, id, NULL); char * myString = getSomeString(env, jstr); /* ... use myString without modifing it */ free(myString); } Because myString is freed in useSomeString, I do not think I am creating a memory leak; however, I am not sure. The JNI spec specifically requires the use of ReleaseStringUTFChars. Since I am getting a C style 'char *' pointer from GetStringUTFChars, I believe the memory reference exists on the C stack and not in the JAVA heap so it is not in danger of being Garbage Collected; however, I am not sure. I know that changing getSomeString as follows would be safer (and probably preferable). Segment 2: char * getSomeString(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr) { char * retString; char * intermedString; intermedString = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, jstr, NULL); retString = strdup(intermedString); (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, jstr, intermedString); return retString; } Because of our 'process' I need to build an argument on why getSomeString in Segment 2 is preferable to Segment 1. Is anyone aware of any documentation or references which detail the behavior of GetStringUTFChars and ReleaseStringUTFChars in relation to where memory is allocated or what (if any) additional bookkeeping is done (i.e. local Reference Pointer to the Java Heap being created, etc). What are the specific consequences of ignoring that bookkeeping. Thanks in advance.

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