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• I want to build a Google-friendly web app, where should I start?

  - by ronii

  I have only very basic experience with HTML/CSS and have quite a bit of experience with testing software and web apps from a consumer perspective. I'd love to launch a web application that plays nicely with Google services, similar to some of the apps you'd find on the Google Apps Marketplace, such as ManyMoon, time to note, Socialwok, etc. I'm a huge Google fan and would like to build something that's well integrated with other Google services. If you were a total beginner and wanted to build a complex app like one of examples above (project management, CRM, etc), where would you start? If you worked your ass off 18 hours a day, 24/7, how fast could you do it? I've dabbled into various languages and development frameworks, and read about which apps are using what languages but it's hard to figure out what would be most beneficial to jump into. Ruby on Rails, PHP, Google Web Toolkit, AppEngine. The list goes on and on. I want to be able to build and launch my own scalable web app. Thanks.

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• SQL return ORDER BY result as an array

  - by EarthMind

  Is it possible to return groups as an associative array? I'd like to know if a pure SQL solution is possible. Note that I release that I could be making things more complex unnecessarily but this is mainly to give me an idea of the power of SQL. My problem: I have a list of words in the database that should be sorted alphabetically and grouped into separate groups according to the first letter of the word. For example: ape broom coconut banana apple should be returned as array( 'a' => 'ape', 'apple', 'b' => 'banana', 'broom', 'c' => 'coconut' ) so I can easily created sorted lists by first letter (i.e. clicking "A" only shows words starting with a, "B" with b, etc. This should make it easier for me to load everything in one query and make the sorted list JavaScript based, i.e. without having to reload the page (or use AJAX). Side notes: I'm using PostgreSQL but a solution for MySQL would be fine too so I can try to port it to PostgreSQL. Scripting language is PHP.

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• HTML columns or rows for form layout?

  - by Valera

  I'm building a bunch of forms that have labels and corresponding fields (input element or more complex elements). Labels go on the left, fields go on the right. Labels in a given form should all be a specific width so that the fields all line up vertically. There are two ways (maybe more?) of achieving this: Rows: Float each label and each field left. Put each label and field in a field-row div/container. Set label width to some specific number. With this approach labels on different forms will have different widths, because they'll depend on the width of the text in the longest label. Columns: Put all labels in one div/container that's floated left, put all fields in another floated left container with padding-left set. This way the labels and even the label container don't need to have their widths set, because the column layout and the padding-left will uniformly take care of vertically lining up all the fields. So approach #2 seems to be easier to implement (because the widths don't need to be set all the time), but I think it's also less object oriented, because a label and a field that goes with that label are not grouped together, as they are in approach #1. Also, if building forms dynamically, approach #2 doesn't work as well with functions like addRow(label, field), since it would have to know about the label and the field containers, instead of just creating/adding one field-row element. Which approach do you think is better? Is there another, better approach than these two?

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• Is there a case for parameterising using Abstract classes rather than Interfaces?

  - by Chris

  I'm currently developing a component based API that is heavily stateful. The top level components implement around a dozen interfaces each. The stock top-level components therefore sit ontop of a stack of Abstract implementations which in turn contain multiple mixin implementations and implement multiple mixin interfaces. So far, so good (I hope). The problem is that the base functionality is extremely complex to implement (1,000s of lines in 5 layers of base classes) and therefore I do not wish for component writers to implement the interfaces themselves but rather to extend my base classes (where all the boiler plate code is already written). If the API therefore accepts interfaces rather than references to the Abstract implementation that I wish for component writers to extends, then I have a risk that the implementer will not perform the validation that is both required and assumed by other areas of code. Therefore, my question is, is it sometimes valid to paramerise API methods using an abstract implementation reference rather than a reference to the interface(s) that it implements? Do you have an example of a well-designed API that uses this technique or am I trying to talk myself into bad-practice?

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• Design issue when having classes implement different interfaces to restrict client actions

  - by devoured elysium

  Let's say I'm defining a game class that implements two different views: interface IPlayerView { void play(); } interface IDealerView { void deal(); } The view that a game sees when playing the game, and a view that the dealer sees when dealing the game (this is, a player can't make dealer actions and a dealer can't make player actions). The game definition is as following: class Game : IPlayerView, IDealerView { void play() { ... } void deal() { ... } } Now assume I want to make it possible for the players to play the game, but not to deal it. My original idea was that instead of having public Game GetGame() { ... } I'd have something like public IPlayerView GetGame() { ... } But after some tests I realized that if I later try this code, it works: IDealerView dealerView = (IDealerView)GameClass.GetGame(); this works as lets the user act as the dealer. Am I worrying to much? How do you usually deal with this patterns? I could instead make two different classes, maybe a "main" class, the dealer class, that would act as factory of player classes. That way I could control exactly what I would like to pass on the the public. On the other hand, that turns everything a bit more complex than with this original design. Thanks

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• Generating all possible subsets of a given QuerySet in Django

  - by Glen

  This is just an example, but given the following model: class Foo(models.model): bar = models.IntegerField() def __str__(self): return str(self.bar) def __unicode__(self): return str(self.bar) And the following QuerySet object: foobar = Foo.objects.filter(bar__lt=20).distinct() (meaning, a set of unique Foo models with bar <= 20), how can I generate all possible subsets of foobar? Ideally, I'd like to further limit the subsets so that, for each subset x of foobar, the sum of all f.bar in x (where f is a model of type Foo) is between some maximum and minimum value. So, for example, given the following instance of foobar: >> print foobar [<Foo: 5>, <Foo: 10>, <Foo: 15>] And min=5, max=25, I'd like to build an object (preferably a QuerySet, but possibly a list) that looks like this: [[<Foo: 5>], [<Foo: 10>], [<Foo: 15>], [<Foo: 5>, <Foo: 10>], [<Foo: 5>, <Foo: 15>], [<Foo: 10>, <Foo: 15>]] I've experimented with itertools but it doesn't seem particularly well-suited to my needs. I think this could be accomplished with a complex QuerySet but I'm not sure how to start.

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• MySQL Datefields: duplicate or calculate?

  - by Konerak

  We are using a table with a structure imposed upon us more than 10 years ago. We are allowed to add columns, but urged not to change existing columns. Certain columns are meant to represent dates, but are put in different format. Amongst others: * CHAR(6): YYMMDD * CHAR(6): DDMMYY * CHAR(8): YYYYMMDD * CHAR(8): DDMMYYYY * DATE * DATETIME Since we now would like to do some more complex queries, using advanced date functions, my manager proposed to d*uplicate those problem columns* to a proper FORMATTED_OLDCOLUMNNAME column using a DATE or DATETIME format. Is this the way to go? Couldn't we just use the STR_TO_DATE function each time we accessed the columns? To avoid every query having to copy-paste the function, I could still work with a view or a stored procedure, but duplicating data to avoid recalculation sounds wrong. Solutions I see (I guess I prefer 2.2.1) 1. Physically duplicate columns 1.1 In the same table 1.1.1 Added by each script that does a modification (INSERT/UPDATE/REPLACE/...) 1.1.2 Maintained by a trigger on each modification 1.2 In a separate table 1.2.1 Added by each script that does a modification (INSERT/UPDATE/REPLACE/...) 1.2.2 Maintained by a trigger on each modification 2. On-demand transformation 2.1 Each query has to perform the transformation 2.1.1 Using copy-paste in the source code 2.1.2 Using a library 2.1.3 Using a STORED PROCEDURE 2.2 A view performs the transformation 2.2.1 A separate table replacing the entire table 2.2.2 A separate table just adding the date-fields for the primary keys Am I right to say it's better to recalculate than to store? And would a view be a good solution?

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• Can anyone give me a sample java socket programming for doing a peer to peer for 3 systems?

  - by Sadesh Kumar N

  I am doing an university project. I need some sample programs on peer to peer programs in java socket programming. Every where people are telling to add a server socket in the client program. I am in a confusion. Can a single program having server socket and client socket will do or i have to create two programs of one initiating a system and another peer program running thrice to solve the problem. or i need to create three programs for three peer systems. I am not clear on the architecture of building peer to peer programs using java sockets. Can some one help me giving a simple program on how to create a peer to peer connection between three systems. I know how to do a socket program for client server model and clear on the concept. But creating a peer to peer architecture sounds complex for me to understand. I also referred this thread. developing peer to peer in java The person commented second says" To make peer2peer app each client opens server socket too. When client A wishes to connect to client B it just connects to its socket. " Need some more sample and an explanation on how peer to peer java socket program works I dont want any external api like jxta to do this task. I need a clear picture on how it works alone with an example.

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• Is there a Designer for MFC in Visual Studio like for windows forms in .NET?

  - by claws

  I'm a .NET programmer. I've never developed anything in MFC. Currently I had to write a C++ application (console) for some image processing task. I finished writing it. But the point is I need to design GUI also for this. Well, there won't be anything complex. Just a window with few Buttons, RadioButtons, Check Boxes, PicturesBox & few sliders. thats it. I'm using VS 2008 and was expecting a .NET style form designer. Just to test, I created a MFC project (with all default configuration) and these files were created by default: ChildFrm.cpp MainFrm.cpp mfc.cpp mfcDoc.cpp mfcView.cpp stdafx.cpp Now, I'm unable to find a Designer. There is no View Designer. I've opened all the above *.cpp and in the code editor right clicked to see "Designer View". ToolBox is just empty because I'm in code editor mode. When I built the project. This is the window I get. How to open a designer?

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• Best Practices For Secure APIs?

  - by Ferrett Steinmetz

  Let's say I have a website that has a lot of information on our products. I'd like some of our customers (including us!) to be able to look up our products for various methods, including: 1) Pulling data from AJAX calls that return data in cool, JavaScripty-ways 2) Creating iPhone applications that use that data; 3) Having other web applications use that data for their own end. Normally, I'd just create an API and be done with it. However, this data is in fact mildly confidential - which is to say that we don't want our competitors to be able to look up all our products every morning and then automatically set their prices to undercut us. And we also want to be able to look at who might be abusing the system, so if someone's making ten million complex calls to our API a day and bogging down our server, we can cut them off. My next logical step would be then to create a developers' key to restrict access - which would work fine for web apps, but not so much for any AJAX calls. (As I see it, they'd need to provide the key in the JavaScript, which is in plaintext and easily seen, and hence there's actually no security at all. Particularly if we'd be using our own developers' keys on our site to make these AJAX calls.) So my question: after looking around at Oauth and OpenID for some time, I'm not sure there is a solution that would handle all three of the above. Is there some sort of canonical "best practices" for developers' keys, or can Oauth and OpenID handle AJAX calls easily in some fashion I have yet to grok, or am I missing something entirely?

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• Stable/repeatable random sort (MySQL, Rails)

  - by Matt Rogish

  I'd like to paginate through a randomly sorted list of ActiveRecord models (rows from MySQL database). However, this randomization needs to persist on a per-session basis, so that other people that visit the website also receive a random, paginate-able list of records. Let's say there are enough entities (tens of thousands) that storing the randomly sorted ID values in either the session or a cookie is too large, so I must temporarily persist it in some other way (MySQL, file, etc.). Initially I thought I could create a function based on the session ID and the page ID (returning the object IDs for that page) however since the object ID values in MySQL are not sequential (there are gaps), that seemed to fall apart as I was poking at it. The nice thing is that it would require no/minimal storage but the downsides are that it is likely pretty complex to implement and probably CPU intensive. My feeling is I should create an intersection table, something like: random_sorts( sort_id, created_at, user_id NULL if guest) random_sort_items( sort_id, item_id, position ) And then simply store the 'sort_id' in the session. Then, I can paginate the random_sorts WHERE sort_id = n ORDER BY position LIMIT... as usual. Of course, I'd have to put some sort of a reaper in there to remove them after some period of inactivity (based on random_sorts.created_at). Unfortunately, I'd have to invalidate the sort as new objects were created (and/or old objects being removed, although deletion is very rare). And, as load increases the size/performance of this table (even properly indexed) drops. It seems like this ought to be a solved problem but I can't find any rails plugins that do this... Any ideas? Thanks!!

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• Passing C++ object to C++ code through Python?

  - by cornail

  Hi all, I have written some physics simulation code in C++ and parsing the input text files is a bottleneck of it. As one of the input parameters, the user has to specify a math function which will be evaluated many times at run-time. The C++ code has some pre-defined function classes for this (they are actually quite complex on the math side) and some limited parsing capability but I am not satisfied with this construction at all. What I need is that both the algorithm and the function evaluation remain speedy, so it is advantageous to keep them both as compiled code (and preferrably, the math functions as C++ function objects). However I thought of glueing the whole simulation together with Python: the user could specify the input parameters in a Python script, while also implementing storage, visualization of the results (matplotlib) and GUI, too, in Python. I know that most of the time, exposing C++ classes can be done, e.g. with SWIG but I still have a question concerning the parsing of the user defined math function in Python: Is it possible to somehow to construct a C++ function object in Python and pass it to the C++ algorithm? E.g. when I call f = WrappedCPPGaussianFunctionClass(sigma=0.5) WrappedCPPAlgorithm(f) in Python, it would return a pointer to a C++ object which would then be passed to a C++ routine requiring such a pointer, or something similar... (don't ask me about memory management in this case, though :S) The point is that no callback should be made to Python code in the algorithm. Later I would like to extend this example to also do some simple expression parsing on the Python side, such as sum or product of functions, and return some compound, parse-tree like C++ object but let's stay at the basics for now. Sorry for the long post and thx for the suggestions in advance.

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• Running an application from an USB device...

  - by Workshop Alex

  I'm working on a proof-of-concept application, containing a WCF service with console host and client, both on a single USB device. On the same device I will also have the client application which will connect to this service. The service uses the entity framework to connect to the database, which in this POC will just return a list of names. If it works, it will be used for a larger project. Creating the client and service was easy and this works well from USB. But getting the service to connect to the database isn't. I've found this site, suggesting that I should modify machine.config but that stops the XCopy deployment. This project cannot change any setting of the PC, so this suggestion is bad. I cannot create a deployment setup either. The whole thing just needs to run from USB disk. So, how do I get it to run? (The service just selects a list of names from the database, which it returns to the client. If this POC works, it will do far more complex things!)

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• Query crashes MS Access

  - by user284651

  THE TASK: I am in the process of migrating a DB from MS Access to Maximizer. In order to do this I must take 64 tables in MS ACCESS and merge them into one. The output must be in the form of a TAB or CSV file. Which will then be imported into Maximizer. THE PROBLEM: Access is unable to perform a query that is so complex it seems, as it crashes any time I run the query. ALTERNATIVES: I have thought about a few alternatives, and would like to do the least time-consuming one, out of these, while also taking advantage of any opportunities to learn something new. Export each table into CSVs and import into SQLight and then make a query with it to do the same as what ACCESS fails to do (merge 64 tables). Export each table into CSVs and write a script to access each one and merge the CSVs into a single CSV. Somehow connect to the MS ACCESS DB (API), and write a script to pull data from each table and merge them into a CSV file. QUESTION: What do you recommend?

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• Windows Workflow Foundation 4.0 Designer Rehosting with Custom Activities

  - by Robert

  I have several WF 4.0 workflows that I have created for an application my company is developing. Some of these workflows are simple, and some are very complex (i.e. many steps, several different types of activities, custom activities). For many of these workflows, I have created several custom code activities to support some internal process types. The workflows work great and we have had very few problems when it comes to maintaining them within VS 2010. We now want to move that responsibility off to our business users, so I have created a WPF application to rehost the WF designer (according to the MS samples). My problem is that when I open one of the workflows that contains custom code activities, those activities are represented as red boxes with the error message of "Activity could not be loaded because of errors in XAML." I have done research and have found several posts that mention that this is usually a problem with namespacing and referencing. The rehosted designer is in a namespace similar to this: Company.Application.Workflow.Designer And the custom code activities are contained within a separate custom workflow library, which I have included as a reference in the designer project. The library's namespace is similar to this: Company.Application.Workflow.Data.Activities As I have mentioned, the library is set as a reference in the designer's project, and I see it being copied to the output when I build the project. I have also included the reference in the XAML of the main designed application. What am I missing?

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• Concept: Information Into Memory Location.

  - by Richeve S. Bebedor

  I am having troubles conceptualizing an algorithm to be used to transform any information or data into a specific appropriate and reasonable memory location in any data structure that I will be devising. To give you an idea, I have a JPanel object instance and I created another Container type object instance of any subtype (note this is in Java because I love this language), then I collected those instances into a data structure not specifically just for those instances but also applicable to any type of object. Now my procedure for fetching those data again is to extract the object specific features similar in category to all object in that data structure and transform it into a integer data memory location (specifically as much as possible) or any type of data that will pertain to this transformation. And I can already access that memory location without further sorting or applications of O(n) time complex algorithms (which I think preferable but I wanted to do my own way XD). The data structure is of any type either binary tree, linked list, arrays or sets (and the like XD). What is important is I don't need to have successive comparing and analysis of data just to locate information in big structures. To give you a technical idea, I have to an array DS that contains JLabel object instance with a specific name "HelloWorld". But array DS contains other types of object (in multitude). Now this JLabel object has a location in the array at index [124324] (which is if you do any type of searching algorithm just to arrive at that location is conceivably slow because added to it the data structure used was an array *note please disregard the efficiency of the data structure to be used I just want to explain to you my concept XD). Now I want to equate "HelloWorld" to 124324 by using a conceptually made function applicable to all data types. So that I can do a direct search by doing this DS[extractLocation("HelloWorld")] just to get that JLabel instance. I know this may sound crazy but I want to test my concept of non-sorting feature extracting search algorithm for any data structure wherein my main problem is how to transform information to be stored into memory location of where it was stored.

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• Python : How do you find the CPU consumption for a piece of code?

  - by Yugal Jindle

  Background: I have a django application, it works and responds pretty well on low load, but on high load like 100 users/sec, it consumes 100% CPU and then due to lack of CPU slows down. Problem : Profiling the application gives me time taken by functions. This time increases on high load. Time consumed may be due to complex calculation or for waiting for CPU. so, how to find the CPU cycles consumed by a piece of code ? Since, reducing the CPU consumption will increase the response time. I might have written extremely efficient code and need to add more CPU power OR I might have some stupid code taking the CPU and causing the slow down ? Any help is appreciated ! Update: I am using Jmeter to profile my webapp, it gives me a throughput of 2 requests/sec. [ 100 users] I get a average time of 36 seconds on 100 request vs 1.25 sec time on 1 request. More Info Configuration Nginx + Uwsgi with 4 workers No database used, using a responses from a REST API On 1st hit the response of REST API gets cached, therefore doesn't makes a difference. Using ujson for json parsing. Curious to Know: Python-Django is used by so many orgs for so many big sites, then there must be some high end Debug / Memory-CPU analysis tools. All those I found were casual snippets of code that perform profiling.

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• C++ gdb GUI

  - by HappyDude

  Briefly: Does anyone know of a GUI for gdb that brings it on par or close to the feature set you get in the more recent version of Visual C++? In detail: As someone who has spent a lot of time programming in Windows, one of the larger stumbling blocks I've found whenever I have to code C++ in Linux is that debugging anything using commandline gdb takes me several times longer than it does in Visual Studio, and it does not seem to be getting better with practice. Some things are just easier or faster to express graphically. Specifically, I'm looking for a GUI that: Handles all the basics like stepping over & into code, watch variables and breakpoints Understands and can display the contents of complex & nested C++ data types Doesn't get confused by and preferably can intelligently step through templated code and data structures while displaying relevant information such as the parameter types Can handle threaded applications and switch between different threads to step through or view the state of Can handle attaching to an already-started process or reading a core dump, in addition to starting the program up in gdb If such a program does not exist, then I'd like to hear about experiences people have had with programs that meet at least some of the bullet points. Does anyone have any recommendations? Edit: Listing out the possibilities is great, and I'll take what I can get, but it would be even more helpful if you could include in your responses: (a) Whether or not you've actually used this GUI and if so, what positive/negative feedback you have about it. (b) If you know, which of the above-mentioned features are/aren't supported Lists are easy to come by, sites like this are great because you can get an idea of people's personal experiences with applications.

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• How do i prevent my code from being stolen?

  - by Calmarius

  What happens exactly when I launch a .NET exe? I know that C# is compiled to IL code and I think the generated exe file just a launcher that starts the runtime and passes the IL code to it. But how? And how complex process is it? IL code is embedded in the exe. I think it can be executed from the memory without writing it to the disk while ordinary exe's are not (ok, yes but it is very complicated). My final aim is extracting the IL code and write my own encrypted launcher to prevent scriptkiddies to open my code in Reflector and just steal all my classes easily. Well I can't prevent reverse engineering completely. If they are able to inspect the memory and catch the moment when I'm passing the pure IL to the runtime then it won't matter if it is a .net exe or not, is it? I know there are several obfuscator tools but I don't want to mess up the IL code itself. EDIT: so it seems it isn't worth trying what I wanted. They will crack it anyway... So I will look for an obfuscation tool. And yes my friends said too that it is enough to rename all symbols to a meaningless name. And reverse engineering won't be so easy after all.

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• Refactoring. Your way to reduce code complexity of big class with big methods

  - by Andrew Florko

  I have a legacy class that is rahter complex to maintain: class OldClass { method1(arg1, arg2) { ... 200 lines of code ... } method2(arg1) { ... 200 lines of code ... } ... method20(arg1, arg2, arg3) { ... 200 lines of code ... } } methods are huge, unstructured and repetitive (developer loved copy/paste aprroach). I want to split each method into 3-5 small functions, whith one pulic method and several helpers. What will you suggest? Several ideas come to my mind: Add several private helper methods to each method and join them in #region (straight-forward refactoring) Use Command pattern (one command class per OldClass method in a separate file). Create helper static class per method with one public method & several private helper methods. OldClass methods delegate implementation to appropriate static class (very similiar to commands). ? Thank you in advance!

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• 2-column table with two foreign keys. Performance/design question.

  - by Emanuel

  Hello everyone! I recently ran into a quite complex problem and after looking around a lot I couldn't find a solution to it. I've found answers to my questions many times before on stackoverflow.com, so I decided to post here. So I'm making a user/group managment system for a web-based project, and I'm storing all related data into a postgreSQL database. This system relies on three tables: USERS GROUPS GROUP_USERS The two first tables simply define all the users and all the groups on the site, and the last table, GROUP_USERS, stores the groups every user is part of. It only has two columns: USER_ID GROUP_ID Since every user can be a member of several groups, I decided to make a separate table for this purpose, rather than storing a comma separated column in the USERS-table. Now, both columns are foreign keys, and I want to make them both primary keys as well, this since each combination of USER_ID and GROUP_ID has to be unique, and if I give them the constraint UNIQUE pgAdmin tells me that each table should have at least one Primary key. But now I am stuck with what seems to be a lot of indexes and relations to a very small table only containing numbers. In the end, I want this table to be as fast as possible, even if containing tens of thousands of rows. Size on disk shouldn't be a problem since its just all numbers anyway, but it feels quite stupid to have a full-sized index refering to a smaller table. Should I stick with my current solution, store comma-separated values in a column in the USERS-table or is there any other solution I should be aware of. PS. I don't want to use an array-column, even if they are supported by postgreSQL. I want to be as generic as possible so I can switch database later on, if necessary. EDIT: I other words, will using a compound primary key and two foreign keys in one table with only two columns have a negative impact on performance rather than the opposite due to the size of the generated index? Thank you!

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• Why does reusing arrays increase performance so significantly in c#?

  - by Willem

  In my code, I perform a large number of tasks, each requiring a large array of memory to temporarily store data. I have about 500 tasks. At the beginning of each task, I allocate memory for an array : double[] tempDoubleArray = new double[M]; M is a large number depending on the precise task, typically around 2000000. Now, I do some complex calculations to fill the array, and in the end I use the array to determine the result of this task. After that, the tempDoubleArray goes out of scope. Profiling reveals that the calls to construct the arrays are time consuming. So, I decide to try and reuse the array, by making it static and reusing it. It requires some additional juggling to figure out the minimum size of the array, requiring an extra pass through all tasks, but it works. Now, the program is much faster (from 80 sec to 22 sec for execution of all tasks). double[] tempDoubleArray = staticDoubleArray; However, I'm a bit in the dark of why precisely this works so well. Id say that in the original code, when the tempDoubleArray goes out of scope, it can be collected, so allocating a new array should not be that hard right? I ask this because understanding why it works might help me figuring out other ways to achieve the same effect, and because I would like to know in what cases allocation gives performance issues.

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• Call 32-bit or 64-bit program from bootloader

  - by user1002358

  There seems to be quite a lot of identical information on the Internet about writing the following 3 bootloaders: Infinite loop jmp $ Print a single character Print "Hello World". This is fantastic, and I've gone through these 3 variations with very little trouble. I'd like to write some 32- or 64-bit code in C and compile it, and call that code from the bootloader... basically a bootloader that, for example, sets the computer up to run some simple numerical simulation. I'll start by listing primes, for example, and then maybe some input/output from the user to maybe compute a Fourier transform. I don't know. I haven't found any information on how to do this, but I can already foresee some problems before I even begin. First of all, compiling a C program compiles it into one of several different files, depending on the target. For Windows, it's a PE file. For Linux, it's a .out file. These files are both quite different. In my instance, the target isn't Windows or Linux, it's just whatever I have written in the bootloader. Secondly, where would the actual code reside? The bootloader is exactly 512 bytes, but the program I write in C will certainly compile to something much larger. It will need to sit on my (virtual) hard disk, probably in some sort of file system (which I haven't even defined!) and I will need to load the information from this file into memory before I can even think about executing it. But from my understanding, all this is many, many orders of magnitude more complex than a 12-line "Hello World" bootloader. So my question is: How do I call a large 32- or 64-bit program (written in C/C++) from my 16-bit bootloader.

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• R Random Data Sets within loops

  - by jugossery

  Here is what I want to do: I have a time series data frame with let us say 100 time-series of length 600 - each in one column of the data frame. I want to pick up 4 of the time-series randomly and then assign them random weights that sum up to one (ie 0.1, 0.5, 0.3, 0.1). Using those I want to compute the mean of the sum of the 4 weighted time series variables (e.g. convex combination). I want to do this let us say 100k times and store each result in the form ts1.name, ts2.name, ts3.name, ts4.name, weight1, weight2, weight3, weight4, mean so that I get a 9*100k df. I tried some things already but R is very bad with loops and I know vector oriented solutions are better because of R design. Thanks Here is what I did and I know it is horrible The df is in the form v1,v2,v2.....v100 1,5,6,.......9 2,4,6,.......10 3,5,8,.......6 2,2,8,.......2 etc e=NULL for (x in 1:100000) { s=sample(1:100,4)#pick 4 variables randomly a=sample(seq(0,1,0.01),1) b=sample(seq(0,1-a,0.01),1) c=sample(seq(0,(1-a-b),0.01),1) d=1-a-b-c e=c(a,b,c,d)#4 random weights average=mean(timeseries.df[,s]%*%t(e)) e=rbind(e,s,average)#in the end i get the 9*100k df } The procedure runs way to slow. EDIT: Thanks for the help i had,i am not used to think R and i am not very used to translate every problem into a matrix algebra equation which is what you need in R. Then the problem becomes a little bit complex if i want to calculate the standard deviation. i need the covariance matrix and i am not sure i can if/how i can pick random elements for each sample from the original timeseries.df covariance matrix then compute the sample variance (t(sampleweights)%*%sample_cov.mat%*%sampleweights) to get in the end the ts.weighted_standard_dev matrix Last question what is the best way to proceed if i want to bootstrap the original df x times and then apply the same computations to test the robustness of my datas thanks

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• Change object on client side or on server side

  - by Polina Feterman

  I'm not sure what is the best practice. I have some big and complex objects (NOT flat). In that object I have many related objects - for example Invoice is the main class and one of it's properties is invoiceSupervisor - a big class by it's own called User. User can also be not flat and have department property - also an object called Department. For example I want create new Invoice. First way: I can present to client several fields to fill in. Some of them will be combos that I will need to fill with available values. For example available invoiceSupervisors. Then all the chosen values I can send to server and on server I can create new Invoice and assign all chosen values to that new Invoice. Then I will need to assign new supervisor I will pull the chosen User by id that user picked up on server from combobox. I might do some verification on the User such as does the user applicable to be invoice supervisor. Then I will assign the User object to invoiceSupervisor. Then after filling all properties I will save the new invoice. Second way: In the beginning I can call to server to get a new Invoice. Then on client I can fill all chosen values , for example I can call to server to get new User object and then fill it's id from combobox and assign the User as invoiceSupervisor. After filling the Invoice object on client I can send it to server and then the server will save the new invoice. Before saving server can run some validations as well. So what is the best approach - to make the object on client and send it to server or to collect all values from client and to make a new object on server using those values ?

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