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• lambda vs. operator.attrgetter('xxx') as sort key function in Python

  - by Paul McGuire

  I am looking at some code that has a lot of sort calls using comparison functions, and it seems like it should be using key functions. If you were to change seq.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x.xxx, y.xxx)), which is preferable: seq.sort(key=operator.attrgetter('xxx')) or: seq.sort(key=lambda a:a.xxx) I would also be interested in comments on the merits of making changes to existing code that works.

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• Extracting data from a text file to use in a python script?

  - by Rob

  Basically, I have a file like this: Url/Host: www.example.com Login: user Password: password How can I use RegEx to separate the details to place them into variables? Sorry if this is a terrible question, I can just never grasp RegEx. So another question would be, can you provide the RegEx, but kind of explain what each part of it is for?

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• In Python, how to I create a datetime with X hours?

  - by alex

  How do I create the datetime that is 24 hours before NOW()? 48 before NOW()? X hours or days before now??

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• How can i read bzr repository from python script?

  - by zzz

  like getting information about changesets/comments etc.

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• How do I send this email in Python, opening files and stuff?

  - by alex

  msg = EmailMessage(subject, body, from_email, [to_email]) msg.content_subtype = "html" msg.send() This is how I send an email in Django. But what if I want to open a text file and take into account all its line breaks and tabs. I want to take the body of the text file (with line breaks \n) and email it as text of the "body".

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• Why subtract a value from itself (x - x) in Python?

  - by endolith

  In NumPy functions, there are often initial lines that do checking of variable types, forcing them to be certain types, etc. Can someone explain the point of these lines? What does subtracting a value from itself do? t,w = asarray(t), asarray(duty) w = asarray(w + (t-t)) t = asarray(t + (w-w))

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• How do I join the values of nested Python dictionary?

  - by alex

  Suppose I have a dictionary, and it's nested with dictionaries inside. I want to join all the values of that dictionary, recursively? ' '.join(d.values()) That works if there are no nests.

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• How do I let my console window always on top with Python?

  - by Shady

  How I let the window always on top?

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• How to assure applying order of function decorators in Python?

  - by Satoru.Logic

  Some decorators should only be used in the outermost layer. A decorator that augments the original function and add a configure parameter is one example. from functools import wraps def special_case(f): @wraps(f) def _(a, b, config_x=False): if config_x: print "Special case here" return return f(a, b) How can I avoid decorators like this getting decorated by another decorator? EDIT It is really disgusting to let everyone trying to apply a new decorator worry about the application order. So, is it possible to avoid this kind of situation? Is it possible to add a config option without introducing a new parameter?

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• In Django/python, how do I set the memcache to infinite time?

  - by alex

  cache.set(key, value, 9999999) But this is not infinite time...

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• How do I override __getattr__ in Python without breaking the default behavior?

  - by sheats

  I want to override the getattr method on a class to do something fancy but I don't want to break the default behavior. What's the correct way to do this?

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• What is (self) in the python code? (OOP question)

  - by alex

  class MyController(BaseController): def index(self): # Return a rendered template #return render('/test.mako') # or, return a response return '' Why does the function "index" have "self"? I got this code from Pylons controller

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• In Python, is there an easy way to edit xml in place ?

  - by sms169

  Suppose I want to edit a node in xml and edit one of its attributes. I want to be able to do a simple file diff to just see one row changed. Dumping the xml using prettyprint changes the whole xml structure.

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• How do I do this in Python (File Manipulation)?

  - by ThinkCode

  I have a bunch of HTML files in HTML folder. Those HTML files have unicode characters which I solved by using filter(lambda x: x in string.printable, line). Now how do I write the changes back to the original file? What is the best way of doing it? Each HTML file is of 30 kb in size. 1 import os, string 2 3 for file in os.listdir("HTML/"): 4 print file 5 myfile = open('HTML/' + file) 6 fileList = myfile.readlines() 9 for line in fileList: 10 #print line 11 line = filter(lambda x: x in string.printable, line) 12 myfile.close()

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• Feedback on implementation of function which compares integer signs in Python.

  - by John Magistr

  Hi all. I've made a small function which, given a tuple, compares if all elements in this tuple is of the same sign. E.g., tuple = [-1, -4, -6, -8] is good, while [-1, -4, 12, -8] is bad. I am not sure I've made the smartest implementation, so I know this is the place to ask. def check_consistent_categories(queryset): try: first_item = queryset[0].amount if first_item < 0: for item in queryset: if item > 0: return False return True else: for item in queryset: if item < 0: return False return True except: return False

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• How do I sort a list of python Django objects?

  - by alex

  In Django, I have a model object in a list. [object, object, object] Each object has ".name" which is the title of the thing. How do I sort alphabetically by this title? This doesn't work: catlist.sort(key=lambda x.name: x.name.lower())

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• How do I use regex to do this in Python?

  - by alex

  def symbolsReplaceDashes(text): I want to replace all spaces and symbols with hyphens. Because I want to use this with URL.

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• how to change [1,2,3,4] to '1234' using python ..

  - by zjm1126

  i want get a string from a list thanks

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• Why is this writing part of the text to a new line? (Python)

  - by whatsherface

  I'm adding some new bits to one of the lines in a text file and then writing it along with the rest of the lines in the file to a new file. Referring to the if statement, I that to be all on the same line: x = 13.55553e9 y = 14.55553e9 z = 15.55553e9 infname = 'afilename' outfname = 'anotherone' oldfile = open(infname) lnum=1 for line in oldfile: if (lnum==18): line = "{0:.2e}".format(x)+' '+line+' '+"{0:.2e}".format(y)+' '+ {0:.2e}".format(z) newfile = open(outfname,'w') newfile.write(line) lnum=lnum+1 oldfile.close() newfile.close() but y and z are being written on the line below the rest of it. What am I missing here?

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• How to get item count from list in python?

  - by user288832

  ['a','a','b','c','c','c'] to [2, 2, 1, 3, 3, 3] and {'a': 2, 'c': 3, 'b': 1}

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• mysqldb python escaping ? or %s?

  - by asldkncvas

  Dear Everyone, I am currently using mysqldb. What is the correct way to escape strings in mysqldb arguments? Note that E = lambda x: x.encode('utf-8') 1) so my connection is set with charset='utf8'. These are the errors I am getting for these arguments: w1, w2 = u'??', u'??' 1) self.cur.execute("SELECT dist FROM distance WHERE w1=? AND w2=?", (E(w1), E(w2))) ret = self.cur.execute("SELECT dist FROM distance WHERE w1=? AND w2=?", (E(w1), E(w2)) ) File "build/bdist.linux-i686/egg/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 158, in execute TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting 2) self.cur.execute("SELECT dist FROM distance WHERE w1=%s AND w2=%s", (E(w1), E(w2))) This works fine, but when w1 or w2 has \ inside, then the escaping obviously failed. I personally know that %s is not a good method to pass in arguemnts due to injection attacks etc.

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• Python . How to get rid of '\r' in string?

  - by draconisthe0ry

  I have an excel file that I converted to a text file with a list of numbers. test = 'filelocation.txt' in_file = open(test,'r') for line in in_file: print line 1.026106236 1.660274766 2.686381002 4.346655769 7.033036771 1.137969254 a = [] for line in in_file: a.append(line) print a '1.026106236\r1.660274766\r2.686381002\r4.346655769\r7.033036771\r1.137969254' I wanted to assign each value (in each line) to an individual element in the list. Instead it is creating one element separated by \r . i'm not sure what \r is but why is putting these into the code ? I think I know a way to get rid of the \r from the string but i want to fix the problem from the source

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• "Meld requires pygtk 2.8.0 or higher."

  - by Lynx

  I got this error after installing Meld on a new Karmic installation: ~$ meld No module named pygtk Meld requires pygtk 2.8.0 or higher. I installed the latest version of python-gtk with aptitude but I'm not sure what version is actually installed. My python version is 2.6. This is weird because I have another machine that runs Karmic and Meld without a problem. Any ideas?

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• Having problems install py2app 0.5.2

  - by Francis Young

  Hi there, I am a beginner at python so please excuse me for silly comments or rookie mistakes that i make. I was trying to install py2app 0.5.2 and i hit an error: $Best match: altgraph 0.7.1 $Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/a/altgraph/altgraph-$0.7.1.tar.gz#md5=f65988bf153410a8514bcdad6a3a8ba6 $Processing altgraph-0.7.1.tar.gz $Running altgraph-0.7.1/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-GGBuKJ/altgraph-$\0.7.1/egg-dist-tmp-NdWVjC $error: doc/changelog.rst: No such file or directory I was wondering what the solution to this problem is?

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• Openerp wIth Ubuntu 9.04

  - by agbrand

  I had Ubuntu 8.10. I upgrade it to 9.04. I have Openerp5.0 server/client/web. It worked on 8.10 but not with 9.04. Now when I try to launch my server using: ./openerp-server.py I have this error: ERROR: Import xpath module ERROR: Try to install the old python-xml package It seems that this version of openerp doesn't work with python2.6. Can I redirect openerp to use old version of Python?

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