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• Issues with VSFTPD / FTP on Linux Ubuntu server - Steps for Troubleshooting?

  - by jnolte

  I am dealing with an issue I am unclear on how to resolve and have been pulling my hair out for some time. I have been trying to configure an FTP user using the following (we use this same documentation on all servers) Install FTP Server apt-get install vsftpd Enable local_enable and write_enable to YES and anonymous user to NO in /etc/vsftpd.conf restart - service vsftpd restart - to allow changes to take place Add WordPress User for FTP access in WP Admin Create a fake shell for the user add "usr/sbin/nologin" to the bottom of the /etc/shells file Add a FTP user account useradd username -d /var/www/ -s /usr/sbin/nologin passwd username add these lines to the bottom of /etc/vsftpd.conf - userlist_file=/etc/vsftpd.userlist - userlist_enable=YES - userlist_deny=NO Add username to the list at top of /etc/vsftpd.userlist restart vsftpd "service vsftpd restart" make sure firewall is open for ftp "ufw allow ftp" allow modify the /var/www directory for username "chown -R /var/www I have also went through everything listed on this post and no luck. I am getting connection refused. Sorry for the poor text formatting above. I think you get the idea. This is something we do over and over and for some reason it is not cooperating here. Setup is Ubuntu 12.04LTS and VSFTPD v2.3.5 Thank you in advance.

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• Setting the default permissions for files uploaded via FTP to a directory

  - by Kerri

  Disclaimer: I'm just a web designer/coder, and server admin stuff is my weakest point of them all. So be easy on me (and very specific). I'm using a simple CMS (Unify) on a site, where part of the functionality is that the client can upload files to a specified directory (using FTP). The permissions for the upload directory are set to 755. But when files are uploaded through the interface, they are uploaded with permissions set to 640 (instead of 644), so site visitors cannot acces the files. When I emailed the CMS's support about this, they told me that it was a server setting, and I need to make sure that files uploaded through FTP are set to 644. Makes perfect sense, but I have no idea how to do this. Any help would be greatly appreciated. This site is a shared site hosted by Network Solutions (Unix), so my access options are limited. I can edit .htaccess files, and php.ini, but that's about all I have access to. It appears I can't even log on via shell. ETA: 11/11/2010 Thanks all. I was able to work around this problem by setting up the CMS's settings in a different way. I'd be interested in following up on Nick O'Niel's suggestions, because I think he's on the right track, but unfortunately I can't access the necessary files on this particular server. So, anyway, I'm leaving this open, since the original questions isn't exactly resolved. Unfortunately, I probably can't put a correct answer to the test, since the shared server in question has nearly all of its config files tightly locked down.

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• How to display escaped characters in tmux status bar

  - by walrus

  i am running tmux from a tty on an embedded linux device. (NOT a terminal emulator) because the screen is rather small, i want to add some "icons" to the tmux status bar. to achieve this, i have simply created a font with the appropriate glyphs for things like battery, or wifi. i can load the font, and display the characters with calls that use an escape to the line drawing characters like so: echo -e "\xe\234\xf" \xe escapes me into line drawing character mode, \234 is my created character, and \xf returns me to normal character mode so my terminal doesnt start getting goofy. this works perfectly if i enter the command at the terminal whether tmux is started or not. the issue arises if i then try to use it in my ~/.tmux.conf file for the status bar. i currently have a line like this: set -g status-right "#(echo -e "\xe\234\xf") #(/script/to/output/powerlevel) this simply outputs \xe\234\xf powerlevel this goes the same if i try printf over echo. this is the output i would expect to get on the terminal if i made the call without passing -e to echo, or without enclosing the statement with quotes. i then decided to wrap the calls to the echo or printf in a shell script. again, the script works when called from the terminal, but not in tmux's status bar. now i get the unprintable character "?" instead of my icon, like this: ? powerlevel this is what i would expect if i did not use the line drawing escapes previously mentioned above, or if i tried to copy and paste the character as text using tmux. in addition, the calling of these character scripts screws up the rest of my status-right, as the clock has about 6 digits for minutes when it is called (though it correctly only updates two of them). how can i make tmux respect the escape characters? any help or insight is greatly appreciated.

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• Windows 7: Moving Program Files location during install using unattend.xml

  - by Shevek

  I am planning on using an unattend.xml to create a Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit setup with Users and ProgramData on a 2nd drive. I have found many samples of how to do this (see below). However I would also like to move Program Files to a 3rd drive as well. i.e.: C:\Windows [SSD] D:\Users [HDD1] D:\ProgramData [HDD1] P:\Program Files [HDD2] P:\Program Files (x86) [HDD2] I have found that this was possible using unattend.txt in XP but all documentation or examples I find about Win 7 only mention Users and ProgramData, not Program Files. Is this possible using an answer file? Sample unattend.xml for Users and ProgramData: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <unattend xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend"> <settings pass="oobeSystem"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" processorArchitecture="amd64"> <FolderLocations> <ProfilesDirectory>D:\Users</ProfilesDirectory> <ProgramData>D:\ProgramData</ProgramData> </FolderLocations> </component> </settings> </unattend>

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• How do I find my missing songs from last.fm?

  - by duality_

  My disk failed with all my music with it, lots of them. But luckily, I scrobbled every song to last.fm. I am looking for a way to scan my disk for my songs and check last.fm and tell me which songs are missing from my disk that are present on last.fm. So to recap: I would need to log into my last.fm account and compile a list of all the songs I have scrobbled and then scan my computer for missing songs. Is there a program or script that does this? I don't mind it being a shell script even. Edit: I know this is possible because I came close to this a little time ago. I created a PHP script (web page) that got all my songs through Last.fm API and then went through my files on disk and read their id3 tag. I got very close: the program showed missing songs, but there were many small issues (id3 reading was buggy, tags had different data, etc.) that required more programming time that I didn't have.

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• Correct MySQL username/password, but getting Access Denied error when run from script

  - by Nick

  I'm currently trying to run the following command from within a shell script. /usr/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword -h localhost database It works perfectly fine when executed manually, and not from within a script. When I try to execute a script that contains that command, I get the following error: ERROR 1045 (28000) at line 3: Access denied for user 'username'@'localhost' (using password: YES) I literally copied and pasted the working command into the script. Why the error? As a sidenote: the ultimate intent is to run the script with cron. EDIT: Here is a stripped down version of my script that I'm trying to run. You can ignore most of it up until the point where it connects to MySQL around line 19. #!/bin/sh #Run download script to download product data cd /home/dir/Scripts/Linux /bin/sh script1.sh #Run import script to import product data to MySQL cd /home/dir/Mysql /bin/sh script2.sh #Download inventory stats spreadsheet and rename it cd /home/dir /usr/bin/wget http://www.url.com/file1.txt mv file1.txt sheet1.csv #Remove existing export spreadsheet rm /tmp/sheet2.csv #Run MySQL queries in "here document" format /usr/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword -h localhost database << EOF --Drop old inventory stats table truncate table table_name1; --Load new inventory stats into table Load data local infile '/home/dir/sheet1.csv' into table table_name1 fields terminated by ',' optionally enclosed by '"' lines terminated by '\r\n'; --MySQL queries to combine product data and inventory stats here --Export combined data in spreadsheet format group by p.value into outfile '/tmp/sheet2.csv' fields terminated by ',' optionally enclosed by '"' lines terminated by '\r\n'; EOF EDIT 2: After some more testing, the issue is with the << EOF that is at the end of the command. This is there for the "here document". When removed, the command works fine. The problem is that I need << EOF there so that the MySQL queries will run.

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• How to encourage Windows administrators to pick up scripting?

  - by icelava

  When I worked as an administrator in my first job, I was frustrated that our administration processes with Windows servers were a series of point-and-clicks; we could never match the level of efficiency with the Unix servers which had a group of shell scripts to automate a lot of the work. I soon read about WSH and ADSI and wasted no time learning just how much automation I was able to achieve with scripting. There was a huge problem though - almost none of my Windows colleagues were really interested in learning scripting. They seemed happy with the manually mouse-clicking chores and were never excited at the prospect of using scripts to do the work on their behalf. I struggled to convince them to pick up scripting skills despite the evident increases in efficiency. I left that job in pursuit of a full-time software development career thereafter. Almost a decade on working in various environments and different customers, I still encounter Windows administrators mainly possessing this general "mood" where they would avoid scripting as much as possible. Despite the increasing level of accessibility Windows server technologies are opening up for scripting and automation. I am almost certain the majority of administrators are administrators precisely because they absolutely hate performing any kind of programming duties. What are some means to encourage and motivate administrators that scripting can really help them in the long run?

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• How to correctly set GNU Screen to display currently running program in hardstatus

  - by johnny_bgoode

  I posted this question on SuperUser but it's hardly getting any views, so I thought I'd ask here as well. In bash, to display the name of the current program in the GNU Screen hardstatus line takes only two configuration lines. First, tell screen what the end of your prompt normally looks like, and supply a default title for a window when you are sitting at in the shell: shelltitle "$ |bash" Next, place this escape sequence in the PS1 variable, before the characters that normally terminate the prompt '$ ' in this case: \033k\033\\\ This technique works, to a point. The hardstatus window title is updated to the name of the currently running program, and then switches back to the default title shortly after execution is finished. One major problem, however, is that this escape string is not escaped itself, causing line-wrapping problems with commands longer than the initial line. This was annoying, so I set out looking for a solution. Turns out, simply escaping the previous escape sequence corrects line wrapping: [\033k]\[\033\\\] Great! My hardstatus window title still updates to the name of the currently running program, and now my longer commands wrap to the second line correctly. However, with this new escape sequence in my PS1, screen updates the window title to the actual command I am typing, not simply the name of the current program once it is executed. I am wondering, has anyone gotten this working correctly - i.e. line wrapping and proper updating of the hardstatus window title? Thanks!

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• How to correctly set GNU Screen to display currently running program in hardstatus

  - by johnny_bgoode

  In bash, to display the name of the current program in the GNU Screen hardstatus line takes only two configuration lines. First, tell screen what the end of your prompt normally looks like, and supply a default title for a window when you are sitting at in the shell: shelltitle "$ |bash" Next, place this escape sequence in the PS1 variable, before the characters that normally terminate the prompt '$ ' in this case: \033k\033\\ This technique works, to a point. The hardstatus window title is updated to the name of the currently running program, and then switches back to the default title shortly after execution is finished. One major problem, however, is that this escape string is not escaped itself, causing line-wrapping problems with commands longer than the initial line. This was annoying, so I set out looking for a solution. Turns out, simply escaping the previous escape sequence corrects line wrapping: \[\033k\]\[\033\\\] Great! My hardstatus window title still updates to the name of the currently running program, and now my longer commands wrap to the second line correctly. However, with this new escape sequence in my PS1, screen updates the window title to the actual command I am typing, not simply the name of the current program once it is executed. I am wondering, has anyone gotten this working correctly - i.e. line wrapping and proper updating of the hardstatus window title?

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• Can't open cocoa emacs from terminal using open -a

  - by Shane

  I installed emacs on my macbook air running os x 10.6.5 from this site http://emacsformacosx.com/. I believe this is what used to be called cocoa emacs. I dragged it into my Application folder and it works fine when i run it from there. I want to be able to run it from terminal. After some googling, i tried open -a /Application/Emacs.app foo.txt (foo.txt was and existing file). I got two emacs windows - one with welcome screen and one with foo.txt loaded. I tried a few applications in the /Applications directory and they did not seem to behave like this. I had installed it using my own account (an admin account) so after doing ls -l on /Application I noticed that the owner and group were different from the other entries in this folder. I recursively changed the owner and group to root and wheel, like the others, but this did not help. The only thing that looks funny now is that there that ls -l show a @ character which has something to do with extended attributes but i don't know how to check these. Any suggestions on what to check next? Is using the open command the only to run the program? Can I simulate what it does using a shell script?

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• Zsh super slow inside my Git repo

  - by Jason Swett

  My Zsh is super slow inside a certain Git repo of mine. When I Google "zsh git slow", I get a bunch of results about Git autocompletion being slow, but autocompletion isn't necessarily my problem; it's everything. I tried removing all plugins and that, strangely, didn't do anything at all when I opened a new shell. Zsh would still do Git stuff inside my Git repo. I found this snippet on this page: function git_prompt_info() { ref=$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2> /dev/null) || return echo "$ZSH_THEME_GIT_PROMPT_PREFIX${ref#refs/heads/}$ZSH_THEME_GIT_PROMPT_SUFFIX" } That made everything fast again, but it also gave me a prompt that looks like this: ? snip git:(master Note the missing right parenthesis. That's kind of lame. Plus the whole thing just seems like a hack I shouldn't have to do. There's also this promising-looking SU question, but the links on the accepted answer are dead. How can I get my Zsh not to be slow inside a Git repo?

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• Determine if the "yes" is necessary when doing an SCP

  - by glowcoder

  I'm writing a Groovy script to do an SCP. Note that I haven't ran it yet, because the rest of it isn't finished. Now, if you're doing an scp for the first time, have to authenticate the fingerprint. Future times, you don't. My current solution is, because I get 3 tries for the password, and I really only need 1 (it's not like the script will mistype the password... if it's wrong, it's wrong!) is to pipe in "yes" as the first password attempt. This way, it will accept the fingerprint if necessary, and use the correct password as the first attempt. If it didn't need it, it puts yes as the first attempt and the correct as the second. However, I feel this is not a very robust solution, and I know if I were a customer I would not like seeing "incorrect password" in my output. Especially if it fails for another reason, it would be an incredibly annoying misnomer. What follows is the appropriate section of the script in question. I am open to any tactics that involve using scp (or accomplishing the file transfer) in a different way. I just want to get the job done. I'm even open to shell scripting, although I'm not the best at it. def command = [] command.add('scp') command.add(srcusername + '@' + srcrepo + ':' + srcpath) command.add(tarusername + '@' + tarrepo + ':' + tarpath) def process = command.execute() process.consumeOutput(out) process << "yes" << LS << tarpassword << LS process << "yes" << LS << srcpassword << LS process.waitfor() Thanks so much, glowcoder

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• Using the same Windows 8 Upgrade installer on multiple PCs

  - by Karan

  As per this article: You may transfer the software to another computer that belongs to you. … You may not transfer the software to share licenses between computers. But what if I have a bunch of PCs with a mix of XP/Vista/Windows 7? Can I purchase either the Windows 8 Pro Upgrade $40 (download only) or $70 (DVD) version (both of which come without a key) only once and use it to upgrade all the PCs? Since I'm not sharing the license and each PC has its own valid genuine license, it should be allowed, right, or is it illegal? Even if they want people to shell out $40/$70 for each PC, how would they enforce the use of the installer/media on only one PC each? EDIT: I have been given to believe by a source that the installer will only check for the previous OS' key, which is what is confusing me (I have never purchased an upgrade version before this, only full retail or pre-installed versions). Is this true or will I need to enter two keys to make the upgrade work, one for the previous version and then one for Windows 8? If the latter is the case, then the issue is solved since obviously the same Windows 8 key will not be valid for multiple PCs.

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• configuring lighttpd for large downloads

  - by ahmedre

  i run a web site that hosts pages that are just general scripts (php, etc) and mp3 downloads (some of which are fairly large - up to 200mb). i am running lighttpd on the servers on linux (ubuntu 64). everything is fine, but under high load, the server is not accessible (or very slow - even sshing in takes a while), and i am guessing this is due to a huge number of mp3 downloads at that time. consequently, dns sees the server as down and redirects all the traffic to the other servers, and after a while, it comes back up and things work again. so what's the best way to fix this? ideally, i want the server to continue running (and the web pages - php etc - to always work, but downloads don't always have to work). should i just have 2 web servers running (one for the downloads and one for the php pages), or is it perhaps something i can fix in my lighttpd configuration? here are the snippets from my configuration: server.max-worker = 4 server.max-fds = 2048 server.max-keep-alive-requests = 4 server.max-keep-alive-idle = 4 server.stat-cache-engine = "fam" fastcgi.server = ( ".php" => (( "bin-path" => "/usr/bin/php-cgi", "socket" => "/tmp/php.socket", "max-procs" => 1, "idle-timeout" => 20, "bin-environment" => ( "PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN" => "64", "PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS" => "1000" ), "bin-copy-environment" => ( "PATH", "SHELL", "USER" ), "broken-scriptfilename" => "enable" )) ) # normal php site $HTTP["host"] =~ "bar.com" { server.document-root = "/usr/local/www/sites/bar.com/" accesslog.filename = "|/usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/lighttpd/%m/%d/%H/bar.log" } # download site $HTTP["host"] =~ "(download|stream).foo.com" { server.document-root = "/home/audio/" dir-listing.activate = "enable" dir-listing.hide-dotfiles = "enable" evasive.max-conns-per-ip = 1 evasive.silent = "enable" # connection.kbytes-per-second = 256 accesslog.filename = "|/usr/sbin/cronolog /var/log/lighttpd/%m/%d/%H/download.log" }

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• kvm-over-ip, multiple machines per cable run

  - by Sirex

  I'm looking at getting a kvm-over-ip setup for a server room. Typically these devices have 16 or so cat5 leads that come out of them and then a convertor that converts each cat5 into a vga & ps2 pair. Can you run one cable from the unit into a switch, and then leads from the switch into each machine ? I have several machines on the other side of the server room that i'd like to have avaliable but i dont want to run 16 cables to them. I'm thinking this should be possible being IP layer and all, but as each device normally has its own cable out the back of the kvm unit i'm not certain. Perhaps the kvm's rear ports act essentially like a switch anyway in which case it should work, or perhaps if i run all 16 cables into a seperate switch right next to it and aggregate the ports together, run one cable to a switch on the other side of the room with similar number of ports agregated together, then use that switch to plug each macine into ? I'm fairly sure this is possible, but i just want to check before i shell out the cash as i've never tried it.

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• SSH Interactive mode not working

  - by Ekin Koc

  I have a Debian based linux server running for a year or so, without any problems. A couple of days ago, ssh interactive mode stopped working for no reason. I mean, I can open an ssh connection just fine, the server greets me with shell but I just can't type anything. However, if I send commands like this: ssh [email protected] cat /var/log/messages, I get the response. I dug through several logs and found one message, which feels remotely relevant to the problem; sh kernel: [10222733.062511] ------------[ cut here ]------------ sh kernel: [10222733.062522] WARNING: at /build/buildd-linux-2.6_2.6.32-39-amd64-7yVIH2/linux-2.6-2.6.32/debian/build/source_amd64_none/drivers/char/tty_ldisc.c:738 tty_ldisc_reinit+0x46/0x7b() sh kernel: [10222733.062526] Hardware name: PowerEdge R210 II sh kernel: [10222733.062528] Modules linked in: ipt_MASQUERADE iptable_nat nf_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_conntrack nf_defrag_ipv4 ip_tables x_tables sha1_generic arc4 ecb ppp_mppe ppp_async crc_ccitt ppp_generic slhc loop snd_pcm snd_timer snd soundcore snd_page_alloc i2c_i801 i2c_core pcspkr evdev joydev dcdbas container button processor ext3 jbd mbcache sg sd_mod sr_mod crc_t10dif cdrom usb_storage usbhid hid mpt2sas ahci ehci_hcd libata scsi_transport_sas usbcore bnx2 nls_base scsi_mod fan thermal thermal_sys [last unloaded: scsi_wait_scan] sh kernel: [10222733.062568] Pid: 8662, comm: sshd Not tainted 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 sh kernel: [10222733.062569] Call Trace: sh kernel: [10222733.062572] [<ffffffff811ff056>] ? tty_ldisc_reinit+0x46/0x7b sh kernel: [10222733.062574] [<ffffffff811ff056>] ? tty_ldisc_reinit+0x46/0x7b Is there any way to get back the sshd working in interactive mode? I tried restarting sshd but that is no help. And somehow, I can not reboot the server. Tried sending shutdown -r now and reboot but it refuses to go down. Should I go ahead and request a physical reboot?

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• Mac OS X Terminal.app Ubuntu 9.10 SSHD and incorrect keyboard mapping

  - by Jesse

  Does anyone have any Idea how to handle this? I can't stand connecting to certain Ubuntu boxes via Mac OS X because of issues with keyboard layout etc. I have set TERM=vt100 and TERM=xterm-color in Ubuntu .bashrc and also in the Terminal.app advanced preferences and nothing seems to fix this issue. Trying to use arrow keys on slim silver keyboard results in ^[[A etc. From Answer OS X 10.6.4 When I try to run /lib/terminfo/x/xterm-color I get permission denied? Maybe this is the issue?! Regular bash login shell. If I sudo often it works. Which leads me to believe the above permissions problem is the cause. Output from stty -a: $ stty -a speed 9600 baud; rows 47; columns 181; line = 0; intr = ^C; quit = ^\; erase = ^?; kill = ^U; eof = ^D; eol = M-^?; eol2 = M-^?; swtch = <undef>; start = ^Q; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; rprnt = ^R; werase = ^W; lnext = ^V; flush = ^O; min = 1; time = 0; -parenb -parodd cs8 -hupcl -cstopb cread -clocal -crtscts -ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip -inlcr -igncr icrnl ixon -ixoff -iuclc ixany imaxbel -iutf8 opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff0 isig icanon iexten echo echoe -echok -echonl -noflsh -xcase -tostop -echoprt echoctl echoke

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• Failing to load rootfs: Ubuntu 10 + grub2 + rootfs ext4 w/ RAID1

  - by James

  I am having problems booting a new Ubuntu 10 (server) install. My primary HD (/dev/sda) is laid out as follows: Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 18 144553+ 83 Linux <-- /BOOT /dev/sda2 19 182401 1464991447+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 19 2207 17583111 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda6 2208 11934 78132096 fd Linux raid autodetect <-- / (ROOTFS) /dev/sda7 11935 182401 1369276146 fd Linux raid autodetect The rootfs is part of a RAID1 (software) array (currently degraded): # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md2 : active raid1 sda6[1] 78132032 blocks [2/1] [_U] The UUIDs for the partitions are as follows: # blkid /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: UUID="b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c" TYPE="ext2" # blkid /dev/sda6 /dev/sda6: UUID="af7b9ede-fa53-c0c1-74be-31ec752c5cd5" TYPE="linux_raid_member" # blkid /dev/md2 /dev/md2: UUID="a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f" TYPE="ext4" Finally, I have my grub2 menuentry setup as follows: ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-25-server' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { insmod ext2 insmod raid insmod mdraid set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c linux /vmlinuz-2.6.32-25-server root=UUID=a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f ro nosplash noplymouth initrd /initrd.img-2.6.32-25-server } When I attempt to boot, grub loads OK, however I eventually get the following error message: Gave up waiting for root device. ALERT /dev/disk/by-uuid/a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f does not exist. Dropping to a shell! If from the grub bootloader I open a grub command line, I can ls (hd0,) and it lists the correct partitions with the UUIDs as shown above - sda6 shows 'a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f' (the RAID UUID). If I ls (md2)/ it properly lists all the files on the RAID1 filesystem (ext4) so it doesn't appear to be an issue accessing the raid device. Does anyone have any suggestions as to what the problem might be? I can't figure this one out.

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• Interesting phenomenom with Windows Server 2008 R2 user access controls and NTFS ACLs

  - by Simon Catlin

  One to try, and I'd appreciate any thoughts on this. On a Windows Server 2008 R2 box (or presumably 2008 R1, Windows Vista or Windows 7): i) Logon as an administrator, and create a new NTFS volume ii) Blow away the standard MS ACLS on the root of the volume (which are laughable), and replace with Administrators:Full Control, System:Full Control, e.g.: echo Y|cacls.exe d:\ /g "Administrators:F" "SYSTEM:F" iii) Now, from a Command Prompt shell window or PowerShell window, switch to that drive (cd /d D:\ or set-location D:\ ). Works fine... no issues. iv) Now, try to browse to the root of the new volume using MS Explorer... Access denied. Now, I've kind of convinced myself that it is UAC getting in the way, as you can add "Authenticated Users:List" access to D:\ and Explorer then works. I can only assume that MS Explorer isn't able to use the "admin" token for the Administrator. Browsing to explorer.exe and doing a "Run as administrator" has no effect. Any thoughts? Cheers in advance.

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• tmpreaper, --protect and a non-root user

  - by nsg

  Hi, I'm a little confused. I have a download directory that I want to remove all files older then 30 days with tmpreaper. Just one problem, the directory in question is a separate partition with a lost+found directory, of course I need to keep it so I added --protect 'lost+found', the problem is that tmpreaper outputs: error: chdir() to directory 'lost+found' (inode 11) failed: Permission denied (PID 30604) Back from recursing down `lost+found'. Entry matching `--protect' pattern skipped. `lost+found' I have tried with other pattern like lost* and so on... I'm running tmpreaper as a non-root user because there is no reason for superuser privileges because I own all files (except lost+found). Are I'm forced to run tmpreaper as root? Or are my shell-skills not as good as I thought? I guess the problem is: tmpreaper will chdir(2) into each of the directories you've specified for cleanup, and check for files matching the <shell_pattern> there. It then builds a list of them, and uses that to protect them from removal. Any thought and/or advice? Edit: The command I'm trying to run is something like $ /usr/sbin/tmpreaper -t --protect 'lost+found' 30d /mydir 1> /dev/null error: chdir() to directory `lost+found' (inode 11) failed: Permission denied Edit 2: I read the source code for tmpreaper-1.6.13 and found this if (safe_chdir (dirname)) exit(1); and if (chdir (dirname)) { message (LOG_ERROR, "chdir() to directory `%s' (inode %lu) failed: %s\n", dirname, (u_long) sb1.st_ino, strerror (errno)); return 1; } So it seems tmpreaper needs to be able to chdir in to all directories, ignored or not. I see two options left Run tmpreaper as root Move the download directory Find a alternative tool (tmpwatch?) I will give it some more research before i make a choice.

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• Changing PATH Environment Variable for all Users. (Ubuntu)

  - by Wally Glutton

  I recently compiled Ruby Enterprise Edition (REE) on an Ubuntu 8.04 server. I would like to update my PATH to ensure this new version of Ruby (found in /opt/ruby_ee/bin) supersedes the older version in /usr/local/bin. (I still want the old version around, though.) I would like these PATH changes to affect all users and crontabs. Attempted Solution #1: The REE documentation recommends placing the REE bin folder at the beginning of the global PATH in /etc/environment. I altered the PATH in this file to read: PATH="/opt/ruby_ee/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games" This did not affect my PATH at all. Attempted Solution #2: Next I followed these instructions and updated the PATH setting in /etc/login.defs and /etc/crontab. (I did not change /etc/sudoers.) This didn't affect my PATH either, even after logging out and rebooting the server. Other information: I seem to be having the same problem described here. I'm testing using the commands "echo $PATH" and "ruby -v". My shell is bash. My .bashrc doesn't override my PATH. Yes, I have heard of the Ruby Version Manager project. ;)

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• Understanding !d command in sed with respect to saves

  - by richardh

  I have a directory of tab-delimited text files and some have comments in the first few lines that I would like to delete. I know that the first good line starts with "Mark" so I can use /^Mark/,$!d to delete these comments. After this deletion I have several other replacements that I make in the (new) first line that has variable names. My question is, why do I have to save sed's output to get my script to work? I understand that if I line is deleted, then the output doesn't proceed downstream because there is no output. But if I don't delete (i.e., !d) then why do I have to save to file? Thanks! Here is my shell script. (I'm a sed newbie, so any other feedback is also appreciated.) #!/bin/bash for file in *.txt; do mv $file $file.old1 sed -e '/^Mark/,$!d' $file.old1 > $file.old2 sed -e '1s/\([Ss]\)hareholder/\1hrhldr/g'\ -e '1s/\([Ii]\)mmediate/\1mmdt/g'\ -e '1s/\([Nn]\)umber/\1o/g'\ -e '1s/\([Cc]\)ompany/\1o/g'\ -e '1s/\([Ii]\)nformation/\1nfo/g'\ -e '1s/\([Pp]\)ercentage/\1ct/g'\ -e '1s/\([Dd]\)omestic/\1om/g'\ -e '1s/\([Gg]\)lobal/\1lbl/g'\ -e '1s/\([Cc]\)ountry/\1ntry/g'\ -e '1s/\([Ss]\)ource/\1rc/g'\ -e '1s/\([Oo]\)wnership/\1wnrshp/g'\ -e '1s/\([Uu]\)ltimate/\1ltmt/g'\ -e '1s/\([Ii]\)ncorporation/\1ncorp/g'\ -e '1s/\([Tt]\)otal/\1ot/g'\ -e '1s/\([Dd]\)irect/\1ir/g'\ $file.old2 > $file rm -f $file.old* done

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• Hyper-V: Dedicated NIC for Guests VMs

  - by TheLizardKing

  I have two NIC cards and created a private virtual network for my virtual machines and unchecked "Allow management operating system to share this network adapter" which basically turns my Guest NIC into this sorta shell of a NIC card on the host machine and the only thing checked in it's properties is "Microsoft Virtual Network Switch Protocol" which I am fine with. Everything works and everything is connected. My issue is that for some reason my guest (Ubuntu Server with legacy network drivers) is not talking properly to my DHCP server. Specifically my DHCP server reserves the guest's IP address using it's MAC address but the guest isn't picking it up. It's picking up any old IP it can get and I can't even ping the hostname from another PC on the network but it pings fine if I use the IP. I see the guest showing up in my DHCP table but I can't get the reservation to stick. Is there some reason it's only partially communicating with my DHCP server? Pinging it's hostname on itself reveals it's using 127.0.0.1 instead of it's network IP. Is this an issue with the legacy drivers used in Hyper-V?

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• How do I enable additional debugging output from Ansible and Vagrant?

  - by Brian Lyttle

  I'm investigating Ansible for server and application provisioning. My application is currently provisioned with shell scripts in Vagrant. Rather than rewrite my scripts I've taken a sample and attempted to deploy it. It appears to deploy fine, but I've seeing a failure message after what looks like a series of successful steps: » vagrant provision ~/vm/blvagrant 1 ? [default] Running provisioner: ansible... PLAY [web-servers] ************************************************************ GATHERING FACTS *************************************************************** ok: [192.168.9.149] TASK: [install python-software-properties] ************************************ ok: [192.168.9.149] => {"changed": false, "item": ""} TASK: [add nginx ppa if it ubuntu 10.04 and up] ******************************* ok: [192.168.9.149] => {"changed": false, "item": "", "repo": "ppa:nginx/stable", "state": "present"} TASK: [update apt repo] ******************************************************* ok: [192.168.9.149] => {"changed": false, "item": ""} TASK: [install nginx] ********************************************************* ok: [192.168.9.149] => {"changed": false, "item": ""} TASK: [copy fixed init for nginx] ********************************************* ok: [192.168.9.149] => {"changed": false, "gid": 0, "group": "root", "item": "", "mode": "0755", "owner": "root", "path": "/etc/init.d/nginx", "size": 2321, "state": "file", "uid": 0} TASK: [service nginx] ********************************************************* ok: [192.168.9.149] => {"changed": false, "item": "", "name": "nginx", "state": "started"} TASK: [write nginx.conf] ****************************************************** ok: [192.168.9.149] => {"changed": false, "gid": 0, "group": "root", "item": "", "mode": "0644", "owner": "root", "path": "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf", "size": 1067, "state": "file", "uid": 0} PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************** 192.168.9.149 : ok=8 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 Ansible failed to complete successfully. Any error output should be visible above. Please fix these errors and try again. How do I go about getting additional debug information? I've already added ansible.verbose = true to my vagrant config which results in the dictionaries being displayed within the output above.

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• Having trouble keeping a 1GB RAM Centos server running

  - by Josh

  This is my first time configuring a VPS server and I'm having a few issues. We're running Wordpress on a 1GB Centos server configured per the internet (online research). No custom queries or anything crazy but closing in on 8K posts. At arbitrary intervals, the server just goes down. From the client side, it just says "Loading..." and will spin more or less indefinitely. On the server side, the shell will lock completely. We have to do a hard reboot from the control panel and then everything is fine. Watching "top" I see it hovering between 35 - 55% memory usage generally and occasional spikes up to around 80%. When I saw it go down, there were about 30 - 40 Apache processes showing which pushed memory over the edge. "error_log" tells me that maxclients was reached right before each reboot instance. I've tried tinkering with that but to no avail. I think we'll probably need to bump the server up to the next RAM level but with ~120K pageviews per month, it seems like that's a bit overkill since it was running fairly well on a shared server before. Any ideas? httpd.conf and my.cnf values to add? I'll update this with the current ones if that helps. Thanks in advance! This has been a fun and important learning experience but, overall, quite frustrating! Edit: quick top snapshot: top - 15:18:15 up 2 days, 13:04, 1 user, load average: 0.56, 0.44, 0.38 Tasks: 85 total, 2 running, 83 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 6.7%us, 3.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 89.6%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st Mem: 2051088k total, 736708k used, 1314380k free, 199576k buffers Swap: 4194300k total, 0k used, 4194300k free, 287688k cached

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