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• NUnit - Multiple properties of the same name? Linking to requirements

  - by Ryan Ternier

  I'm linking all our our System Tests to test cases and to our Requirements. Every requirement has an ID. Every Test Case / System Tests tests a variety of requirements. Every module of code links to multiple requirements. I'm trying to find the best way to link every system test to its driving requirements. I was hoping to do something like: [NUnit.Framework.Property("Release", "6.0.0")] [NUnit.Framework.Property("Requirement", "FR50082")] [NUnit.Framework.Property("Requirement", "FR50084")] [NUnit.Framework.Property("Requirement", "FR50085")] [TestCase(....)] public void TestSomething(string a, string b...) However, that will break because Property is a Key-Value pair. The system will not allow me to have multiple Properties with the same key. The reason I'm wanting this is to be able to test specific requirements in our system if a module changes that touches these requirements. Rather than run over 1,000 system tests on every build, this would allow us to target what to test based on changes done to our code. Some system tests run upwards of 5 minutes (Enterprise healthcare system), so "Just run all of them" isn't a viable solution. We do that, but only before promoting through our environments. Thoughts?

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• Extracting DCT coefficients from encoded images and video

  - by misha

  Is there a way to easily extract the DCT coefficients (and quantization parameters) from encoded images and video? Any decoder software must be using them to decode block-DCT encoded images and video. So I'm pretty sure the decoder knows what they are. Is there a way to expose them to whomever is using the decoder? I'm implementing some video quality assessment algorithms that work directly in the DCT domain. Currently, the majority of my code uses OpenCV, so it would be great if anyone knows of a solution using that framework. I don't mind using other libraries (perhaps libjpeg, but that seems to be for still images only), but my primary concern is to do as little format-specific work as possible (I don't want to reinvent the wheel and write my own decoders). I want to be able to open any video/image (H.264, MPEG, JPEG, etc) that OpenCV can open, and if it's block DCT-encoded, to get the DCT coefficients. In the worst case, I know that I can write up my own block DCT code, run the decompressed frames/images through it and then I'd be back in the DCT domain. That's hardly an elegant solution, and I hope I can do better. Presently, I use the fairly common OpenCV boilerplate to open images: IplImage *image = cvLoadImage(filename); // Run quality assessment metric The code I'm using for video is equally trivial: CvCapture *capture = cvCaptureFromAVI(filename); while (cvGrabFrame(capture)) { IplImage *frame = cvRetrieveFrame(capture); // Run quality assessment metric on frame } cvReleaseCapture(&capture); In both cases, I get a 3-channel IplImage in BGR format. Is there any way I can get the DCT coefficients as well?

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• How do I cover unintuitive code blocks?

  - by naivedeveloper

  For some reason, I'm having a hard time trying to cover the block of code below. This code is an excerpt from the UNIX uniq command. I'm trying to write test cases to cover all blocks, but can't seem to reach this block: if (nfiles == 2) { // Generic error routine } In context: int main (int argc, char **argv) { int optc = 0; bool posixly_correct = (getenv ("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL); int nfiles = 0; char const *file[2]; file[0] = file[1] = "-"; program_name = argv[0]; skip_chars = 0; skip_fields = 0; check_chars = SIZE_MAX; for (;;) { /* Parse an operand with leading "+" as a file after "--" was seen; or if pedantic and a file was seen; or if not obsolete. */ if (optc == -1 || (posixly_correct && nfiles != 0) || ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "-0123456789Dcdf:is:uw:", longopts, NULL)) == -1)) { if (optind == argc) break; if (nfiles == 2) { // Handle errors } file[nfiles++] = argv[optind++]; } else switch (optc) { case 1: { unsigned long int size; if (optarg[0] == '+' && posix2_version () < 200112 && xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 10, &size, "") == LONGINT_OK && size <= SIZE_MAX) skip_chars = size; else if (nfiles == 2) { // Handle error } else file[nfiles++] = optarg; } break; } } } Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

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• Memory mapping of files and system cache behavior in WinXP

  - by Canopus

  Our application is memory intensive and deals with reading a large number of disk files. The total load can be more than 3 GB. There is a custom memory manager that uses memory mapped files to achieve reading of such a huge data. The files are mapped into the process memory space only when needed and with this the process memory is well under control. But what is observed is, with memory mapping, the system cache keeps on increasing until it occupies the available physical memory. This leads to the slowing down of the entire system. My question is how to prevent system cache from hogging the physical memory? I attempted to remove the file buffering (by using FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING ), but with this, the read operations take considerable amount of time and slows down the application performance. How to achieve the scalability without sacrificing much on performance. What are the common techniques used in such cases? I dont have a good understanding of the WinXP OS caching behavior. Any good links explaining the same would also be helpful.

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• How do I see if an established socket is stuck on a server that's expecting input?

  - by Parker

  I have a script that scans ports for open proxy servers. Problem is if it encounters a login program (specifically telnet) then it hangs there forever since it doesn't know what to do and eventually the server closes the connection. The simple solution would be to create a bunch of cases. If telnet, do this. If SSH, do that. If something else, blah blah blah. I'd like an umbrella solution since the script is not a high priority for me. The script, as it is now, is available at http://parkrrr.net/socks/scan.phps On a small scale (the page maybe averages 15 hits/day) it's fine but on a larger scale I'd be worried about a lot of open zombie sockets. Swapping the !$strpos doesn't work since servers can return more information than what you requested (headers, ads, etc). Only accepting a fixed number of bytes (as opposed to appending until EOF, which it does now) from the $fgets also does not seem to work. I am sure this is where it gets stuck: while (!feof($fp)) { $data.=fgets($fp,512); } But what can I do? Any other suggestions/warnings would also be welcomed.

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• Make function declarations based on function definitions

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  I've written a .cpp file with a number of functions in it, and now need to declare them in the header file. It occurred to me that I could grep the file for the class name, and get the declarations that way, and it would've worked well enough, too, had the complete function declaration before the definition -- return code, name, and parameters (but not function body) -- been on one line. It seems to me that this is something that would be generally useful, and must've been solved a number of times. I am happy to edit the output and not worried about edge cases; anything that gives me results that are right 95% of the time would be great. So, if, for example, my .cpp file had: i2cstatus_t NXTI2CDevice::writeRegisters( uint8_t start_register, // start of the register range uint8_t bytes_to_write, // number of bytes to write uint8_t* buffer = 0) // optional user-supplied buffer { ... } and a number of other similar functions, getting this back: i2cstatus_t NXTI2CDevice::writeRegisters( uint8_t start_register, // start of the register range uint8_t bytes_to_write, // number of bytes to write uint8_t* buffer = 0) for inclusion in the header file, after a little editing, would be fine. Getting this back: i2cstatus_t writeRegisters( uint8_t start_register, uint8_t bytes_to_write, uint8_t* buffer); or this: i2cstatus_t writeRegisters(uint8_t start_register, uint8_t bytes_to_write, uint8_t* buffer); would be even better.

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• How to find all initializations of instance variables in a Java package?

  - by Hank Gay

  I'm in the midst of converting a legacy app to Spring. As part of the transition, we're converting our service classes from an "instantiate new ones whenever you need one" style to a Springleton style, so I need a way to make sure they don't have any state. I'm comfortable on the *nix command-line, and I have access to IntelliJ (this strikes me as a good fit for Structural Search and Replace, if I could figure out how to use it), and I could track down an Eclipse install, if that would help. I just want to make absolutely sure I've found all the possible problems. UPDATE: Sorry for the confusion. I don't have a problem finding places where the old constructor was being called. What I'm looking for is a "bullet-proof" why to search all 100+ service classes for any sort of internal state. The most obvious one I could think of (and the only one I've really found so far) is cases where we use memoization in the classes, so they have instance variables that get initialized internally instead of via Spring. This means that when the same Springleton gets used for different requests, data can leak between them. Thanks.

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• Does Function pointer make the program slow?

  - by drigoSkalWalker

  Hi guys. I read about function pointers in C And everyone said that will make my program run slow. Is it true? I made a program to check it. And I got the same results on both cases. (mesure the time.) So, is it bad to use fuction pointer? Thanks in advance. To response for some guys. I said 'run slow' for the time that I have compared on a loop. like this. int end = 1000; int i = 0; while (i < end) { fp = func; fp (); } When you execute this, i got the same time if I execute this. while (i < end) { func (); } So I think that function pointer have no difference of time and it don't make a program run slow as many people said.

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• Indirect property notification

  - by Carlo

  Hello, this question might look a little trivial, but it might not be. I'm just wondering which of the following two cases is better for indirect property notification, or perhaps there is an even better way. The scenario: I have two properties, the first one is an object called HoldingObject, the second one is a boolean called IsHoldingObject, which is false if HoldingObject == null, otherwise it's true. I'm just wondering what is the best notification mechanism for IsHoldingObject: Case (A) - Notify IsHoldingObject changed from the HoldingObject proeperty: public class NotifyingClass1 : INotifyPropertyChanged { private object _holdingObject; public object HoldingObject { get { return _holdingObject; } set { if (_holdingObject != value) { _holdingObject = value; NotifyPropertyChanged("HoldingObject"); // Notify from the property that is being checked NotifyPropertyChanged("IsHoldingObject"); } } } public bool IsHoldingObject { get { return this.HoldingObject == null; } } #region INotifyPropertyChanged Members public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { if (this.PropertyChanged != null) this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } #endregion } Case (B) - Notify IsHoldingObject changed from the IsHoldingObject directly, by setting it to false or true from HoldingObject property: public class NotifyingClass2 : INotifyPropertyChanged { private object _holdingObject; public object HoldingObject { get { return _holdingObject; } set { if (_holdingObject != value) { _holdingObject = value; NotifyPropertyChanged("HoldingObject"); // 1) Set the property here this.IsHoldingObject = _holdingObject != null; } } } private bool _isHoldingObject; public bool IsHoldingObject { get { return _isHoldingObject; } set { if (_isHoldingObject != value) { _isHoldingObject = value; // 2) Notify directly from the property NotifyPropertyChanged("IsHoldingObject"); } } } #region INotifyPropertyChanged Members public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { if (this.PropertyChanged != null) this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } #endregion } I personally lean to the first one because it requires less code, but I'm not sure how recommendable it is to do that. Let me know if there is another (better) way. Thanks!

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• Generic that takes only numeric types (int double etc)?

  - by brandon

  In a program I'm working on, I need to write a function to take any numeric type (int, short, long etc) and shove it in to a byte array at a specific offset. There exists a Bitconverter.GetBytes() method that takes the numeric type and returns it as a byte array, and this method only takes numeric types. So far I have: private void AddToByteArray<T>(byte[] destination, int offset, T toAdd) where T : struct { Buffer.BlockCopy(BitConverter.GetBytes(toAdd), 0, destination, offset, sizeof(toAdd)); } So basically my goal is that, for example, a call to AddToByteArray(array, 3, (short)10) would take 10 and store it in the 4th slot of array. The explicit cast exists because I know exactly how many bytes I want it to take up. There are cases where I would want a number that is small enough to be a short to really take up 4 bytes. On the flip side, there are times when I want an int to be crunched down to just a single byte. I'm doing this to create a custom network packet, if that makes any ideas pop in to your heads. If the where clause of a generic supported something like "where T : int || long || etc" I would be ok. (And no need to explain why they don't support that, the reason is fairly obvious) Any help would be greatly appreciated! Edit: I realize that I could just do a bunch of overloads, one for each type I want to support... but I'm asking this question because I want to avoid precisely that :)

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• facebook Hacker cup: studious Student problem.

  - by smartmuki

  During the qualification round, the following question was asked: You've been given a list of words to study and memorize. Being a diligent student of language and the arts, you've decided to not study them at all and instead make up pointless games based on them. One game you've come up with is to see how you can concatenate the words to generate the lexicographically lowest possible string. Input As input for playing this game you will receive a text file containing an integer N, the number of word sets you need to play your game against. This will be followed by N word sets, each starting with an integer M, the number of words in the set, followed by M words. All tokens in the input will be separated by some whitespace and, aside from N and M, will consist entirely of lowercase letters. Output Your submission should contain the lexicographically shortest strings for each corresponding word set, one per line and in order. Constraints 1 <= N <= 100 1 <= M <= 9 1 <= all word lengths <= 10 Example input 5 6 facebook hacker cup for studious students 5 k duz q rc lvraw 5 mybea zdr yubx xe dyroiy 5 jibw ji jp bw jibw 5 uiuy hopji li j dcyi Example output cupfacebookforhackerstudentsstudious duzklvrawqrc dyroiymybeaxeyubxzdr bwjibwjibwjijp dcyihopjijliuiuy The program I wrote goes as: chomp($numberElements=<STDIN>); for(my $i=0; $i < $numberElements; $i++) { my $string; chomp ($string = <STDIN>); my @array=split(/\s+/,$string); my $number=shift @array; @sorted=sort @array; $sortedStr=join("",@sorted); push(@data,$sortedStr); } foreach (@data) { print "$_\n"; } The program gives the correct output for the given test cases but still facebook shows it to be incorrect. Is there something wrong with the program??

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• Can you dynamically combine multiple conditional functions into one in Python?

  - by erich

  I'm curious if it's possible to take several conditional functions and create one function that checks them all (e.g. the way a generator takes a procedure for iterating through a series and creates an iterator). The basic usage case would be when you have a large number of conditional parameters (e.g. "max_a", "min_a", "max_b", "min_b", etc.), many of which could be blank. They would all be passed to this "function creating" function, which would then return one function that checked them all. Below is an example of a naive way of doing what I'm asking: def combining_function(max_a, min_a, max_b, min_b, ...): f_array = [] if max_a is not None: f_array.append( lambda x: x.a < max_a ) if min_a is not None: f_array.append( lambda x: x.a > min_a ) ... return lambda x: all( [ f(x) for f in f_array ] ) What I'm wondering is what is the most efficient to achieve what's being done above? It seems like executing a function call for every function in f_array would create a decent amount of overhead, but perhaps I'm engaging in premature/unnecessary optimization. Regardless, I'd be interested to see if anyone else has come across usage cases like this and how they proceeded. Also, if this isn't possible in Python, is it possible in other (perhaps more functional) languages?

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• Is there a design pattern to cut down on code duplication when subclassing Activities in Android?

  - by Daniel Lew

  I've got a common task that I do with some Activities - downloading data then displaying it. I've got the downloading part down pat; it is, of course, a little tricky due to the possibility of the user changing the orientation or cancelling the Activity before the download is complete, but the code is there. There is enough code handling these cases such that I don't want to have to copy/paste it to each Activity I have, so I thought to create an abstract subclass Activity itself such that it handles a single background download which then launches a method which fills the page with data. This all works. The issue is that, due to single inheritance, I am forced to recreate the exact same class for any other type of Activity - for example, I use Activity, ListActivity and MapActivity. To use the same technique for all three requires three duplicate classes, except each extends a different Activity. Is there a design pattern that can cut down on the code duplication? As it stands, I have saved much duplication already, but it pains me to see the exact same code in three classes just so that they each subclass a different type of Activity.

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• Link failure with either abnormal memory consumption or LNK1106 in Visual Studio 2005.

  - by Corvin

  Hello, I am trying to build a solution for windows XP in Visual Studio 2005. This solution contains 81 projects (static libs, exe's, dlls) and is being successfully used by our partners. I copied the solution bundle from their repository and tried setting it up on 3 similar machines of people in our group. I was successful on two machines and the solution failed to build on my machine. The build on my machine encountered two problems: During a simple build creation of the biggest static library (about 522Mb in debug mode) would fail with the message "13libd\ui1d.lib : fatal error LNK1106: invalid file or disk full: cannot seek to 0x20101879" Full solution rebuild creates this library, however when it comes to linking the library to main .exe file, devenv.exe spawns link.exe which consumes about 80Mb of physical memory and 250MB of virtual and spawns another link.exe, which does the same. This goes on until the system runs out of memory. On PCs of my colleagues where successful build could be performed, there is only one link.exe process which uses all the memory required for linking (about 500Mb physical). There is a plenty of hard drive space on my machine and the file system is NTFS. All three of our systems are similar - Core2Quad processors, 4Gb of RAM, Windows XP SP3. We are using Visual studio installed from the same source. I tried using a different RAM and CPU, using dedicated graphics adapter to eliminate possibility of video memory sharing influencing the build, putting solution files to different location, using different versions of VS 2005 (Professional, Standard and Team Suite), changing the amount of available virtual memory, running memtest86 and building the project from scratch (i.e. a clean bundle). I have read what MSDN says about LNK1106, none of the cases apply to me except for maybe "out of heap space", however I am not sure how I should fight this. The only idea that I have left is reinstalling the OS, however I am not sure that it would help and I am not sure that my situation wouldn't repeat itself on a different machine. Would anyone have any sort of advice for me? Thanks

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• How to define default values optional fields in play framework forms?

  - by natalinobusa

  I am implementing a web api using the scala 2.0.2 play framework. I would like to extract and validate a number of get parameters. And for this I am using a play "form" which allows me to define optional fields. Problem: For those optional fields, I need to define a default value if the parameter is not passed. The code is intended to parse correctly these three use cases: /test?top=abc (error, abc is not an integer) /test?top=123 (valid, top is 123) /test (valid, top is 42 (default value)) I have come up with the following code: def test = Action { implicit request => case class CData(top:Int) val p = Form( mapping( "top" -> optional(number) )((top) => CData($top.getOrElse(42))) ((cdata:CData) => Some(Some(cdata.top))) ).bindFromRequest() Ok("all done.") } The code works, but it's definitely not elegant. There is a lot of boiler plate going on just to set up a default value for a missing request parameter. Can anyone suggest a cleaner and more coincise solution?

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• Efficient (basic) regular expression implementation for streaming data

  - by Brendan Dolan-Gavitt

  I'm looking for an implementation of regular expression matching that operates on a stream of data -- i.e., it has an API that allows a user to pass in one character at a time and report when a match is found on the stream of characters seen so far. Only very basic (classic) regular expressions are needed, so a DFA/NFA based implementation seems like it would be well-suited to the problem. Based on the fact that it's possible to do regular expression matching using a DFA/NFA in a single linear sweep, it seems like a streaming implementation should be possible. Requirements: The library should try to wait until the full string has been read before performing the match. The data I have really is streaming; there is no way to know how much data will arrive, it's not possible to seek forward or backward. Implementing specific stream matching for a couple special cases is not an option, as I don't know in advance what patterns a user might want to look for. For the curious, my use case is the following: I have a system which intercepts memory writes inside a full system emulator, and I would like to have a way to identify memory writes that match a regular expression (e.g., one could use this to find the point in the system where a URL is written to memory). I have found (links de-linkified because I don't have enough reputation): stackoverflow.com/questions/1962220/apply-a-regex-on-stream stackoverflow.com/questions/716927/applying-a-regular-expression-to-a-java-i-o-stream www.codeguru.com/csharp/csharp/cs_data/searching/article.php/c14689/Building-a-Regular-Expression-Stream-Search-with-the-NET-Framework.htm But all of these attempt to convert the stream to a string first and then use a stock regular expression library. Another thought I had was to modify the RE2 library, but according to the author it is architected around the assumption that the entire string is in memory at the same time. If nothing's available, then I can start down the unhappy path of reinventing this wheel to fit my own needs, but I'd really rather not if I can avoid it. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• How to deal with a Java serialized object whose package changed?

  - by Alex

  I have a Java class that is stored in an HttpSession object that's serialized and transfered between servers in a cluster environment. For the purpose of this explanation, lets call this class "Person". While in the process of improving the code, this class was moved from "com.acme.Person" to "com.acme.entity.Person". Internally, the class remains exactly the same (same fields, same methods, same everything). The problem is that we have two sets of servers running the old code and the new code at the same time. The servers with the old code have serialized HttpSession object and when the new code unserializes it, it throws a ClassNotFoundException because it can't find the old reference to com.acme.Person. At this point, it's easy to deal with this because we can just recreate the object using the new package. The problem then becomes that the HttpSession in the new servers, will serialize the object with the new reference to com.acme.entity.Person, and when this is unserialized in the servers running the old code, another exception will be thrown. At this point, we can't deal with this exception anymore. What's the best strategy to follow for this kind of cases? Is there a way to tell the new servers to serialize the object with the reference to the old package and unserialize references to the old package to the new one? How would we transition to using the new package and forgetting about the old one once all servers run the new code?

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• Matching on search attributes selected by customer on front end

  - by CodeNinja1974

  I have a method in a class that allows me to return results based on a certain set of Customer specified criteria. The method matches what the Customer specifies on the front end with each item in a collection that comes from the database. In cases where the customer does not specify any of the attributes, the ID of the attibute is passed into the method being equal to 0 (The database has an identity on all tables that is seeded at 1 and is incremental). In this case that attribute should be ignored, for example if the Customer does not specify the Location then customerSearchCriteria.LocationID = 0 coming into the method. The matching would then match on the other attributes and return all Locations matching the other attibutes, example below: public IEnumerable<Pet> FindPetsMatchingCustomerCriteria(CustomerPetSearchCriteria customerSearchCriteria) { if(customerSearchCriteria.LocationID == 0) { return repository.GetAllPetsLinkedCriteria() .Where(x => x.TypeID == customerSearchCriteria.TypeID && x.FeedingMethodID == customerSearchCriteria.FeedingMethodID && x.FlyAblityID == customerSearchCriteria.FlyAblityID ) .Select(y => y.Pet); } } The code for when all criteria is specified is shown below: private PetsRepository repository = new PetsRepository(); public IEnumerable<Pet> FindPetsMatchingCustomerCriteria(CustomerPetSearchCriteria customerSearchCriteria) { return repository.GetAllPetsLinkedCriteria() .Where(x => x.TypeID == customerSearchCriteria.TypeID && x.FeedingMethodID == customerSearchCriteria.FeedingMethodID && x.FlyAblityID == customerSearchCriteria.FlyAblityID && x.LocationID == customerSearchCriteria.LocationID ) .Select(y => y.Pet); } I want to avoid having a whole set of if and else statements to cater for each time the Customer does not explicitly select an attribute of the results they are looking for. What is the most succint and efficient way in which I could achieve this?

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• Why the compiler is not compiling a line in C++ Builder?

  - by MLB

  Hi boys: I was programming an application in C++ Builder 6, and I had encountered this rare problem: void RotateDice() { Graphics::TBitmap *MYbitmap = new Graphics::TBitmap(); Randomize(); int rn = random(6) + 1; switch (rn) { case 1: { //... break; } //... Some cases... } ShowDice(); //it's a function to show the dice delete MYbitmap; //the compiler don't get it!!!! } In the line "ShowDice()", the compiler jumps to the final of the RotateDice() method, it doesn't "see" the line "delete MYbitmap". When I compile the program, every compiled line shows a little blue point in its left side, but that line don't show the blue point... it's like the compiler don't "see" the line of code. What's happening with that???? Note: Some days ago, I was writing a program in Delphi and I was advice of that problematic issue. Some like that happened to me in Delphi 7... So, waht the problem with that? I am so sorry about my English. I am from Cuba.

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• Efficient Multiplication of Varying-Length #s [Conceptual]

  - by Milan Patel

  Write the pseudocode of an algorithm that takes in two arbitrary length numbers (provided as strings), and computes the product of these numbers. Use an efficient procedure for multiplication of large numbers of arbitrary length. Analyze the efficiency of your algorithm. I decided to take the (semi) easy way out and use the Russian Peasant Algorithm. It works like this: a * b = a/2 * 2b if a is even a * b = (a-1)/2 * 2b + a if a is odd My pseudocode is: rpa(x, y){ if x is 1 return y if x is even return rpa(x/2, 2y) if x is odd return rpa((x-1)/2, 2y) + y } I have 3 questions: Is this efficient for arbitrary length numbers? I implemented it in C and tried varying length numbers. The run-time in was near-instant in all cases so it's hard to tell empirically... Can I apply the Master's Theorem to understand the complexity...? a = # subproblems in recursion = 1 (max 1 recursive call across all states) n / b = size of each subproblem = n / 1 - b = 1 (problem doesn't change size...?) f(n^d) = work done outside recursive calls = 1 - d = 0 (the addition when a is odd) a = 1, b^d = 1, a = b^d - complexity is in n^d*log(n) = log(n) this makes sense logically since we are halving the problem at each step, right? What might my professor mean by providing arbitrary length numbers "as strings". Why do that? Many thanks in advance

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• When is it safe to use a broken hash function?

  - by The Rook

  It is trivial to use a secure hash function like SHA256 and continuing to use md5 is reckless behavior. However, there are some complexities to hash function vulnerabilities that I would like to better understand. Collisions have been generated for md4 and md5. According to NIST md5() is not a secure hash function. It only takes 2^39th operations to generate a collision and should never be used for passwords. However SHA1 is vulnerable to a similar collision attack in which a collision can be found in 2^69 operations, where as brute force is 2^80th. No one has generated a sha1 collision and NIST still lists sha1 as a secure message digest function. So when is it safe to use a broken hash function? Even though a function is broken it can still be "big enough". According to Schneier a hash function vulnerable to a collsion attack can still be used as an HMAC. I believe this is because the security of an HMAC is Dependant on its secret key and a collision cannot be found until this key is obtained. Once you have the key used in a HMAC its already broken, so its a moot point. What hash function vulnerabilities would undermine the security of an HMAC? Lets take this property a bit further. Does it then become safe to use a very weak message digest like md4 for passwords if a salt is perpended to the password? Keep in mind the md4 and md5 attacks are prefixing attacks, and if a salt is perpended then an attacker cannot control the prefix of the message. If the salt is truly a secret, and isn't known to the attacker, then does it matter if its a appended to the end of the password? Is it safe to assume that an attacker cannot generate a collision until the entire message has been obtained? Do you know of other cases where a broken hash function can be used in a security context without introducing a vulnerability? (Please post supporting evidence because it is awesome!)

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• Best "Loading" feedback for ASP.Net?

  - by IP

  So, we have an ASP.Net application - fairly standard - and in there are lots of updatepanels, and postbacks. On some pages we have <ajax:UpdatePanelAnimationExtender ID="ae" runat="server" TargetControlID="updatePanel" BehaviorID="UpdateAnimation"> <Animations> <OnUpdating> <FadeOut Duration="0.1" minimumOpacity=".3" /> </OnUpdating> <OnUpdated> <FadeIn minimumOpacity=".5" Duration="0" /> </OnUpdated> </Animations> </ajax:UpdatePanelAnimationExtender> Which basically whites out the page when a postback is going on (but this clashes with modal dialog grey backgrounds). In some cases we have a progressupdate control which just has a spinny icon in the middle of the page. But none of them seem particularly nice and all a bit clunky. They also require a lot of code in various places around the app. What methods do other people use and find effective?

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• Is it acceptable to wrap PHP library functions solely to change the names?

  - by Carson Myers

  I'm going to be starting a fairly large PHP application this summer, on which I'll be the sole developer (so I don't have any coding conventions to conform to aside from my own). PHP 5.3 is a decent language IMO, despite the stupid namespace token. But one thing that has always bothered me about it is the standard library and its lack of a naming convention. So I'm curious, would it be seriously bad practice to wrap some of the most common standard library functions in my own functions/classes to make the names a little better? I suppose it could also add or modify some functionality in some cases, although at the moment I don't have any examples (I figure I will find ways to make them OO or make them work a little differently while I am working). If you saw a PHP developer do this, would you think "Man, this is one shoddy developer?" Additionally, I don't know much (or anything) about if/how PHP is optimized, and I know that usually PHP performace doesn't matter. But would doing something like this have a noticeable impact on the performance of my application?

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• How to differentiate between exceptions i can show the user, and ones i can't?

  - by Ian Boyd

  i have some business logic that traps some logically invalid situations, e.g. trying to reverse a transaction that was already reversed. In this case the correct action is to inform the user: Transaction already reversed or Cannot reverse a reversing transaction or You do not have permission to reverse transactions or This transaction is on a session that has already been closed or This transaction is too old to be reversed The question is, how do i communicate these exceptional cases back to the calling code, so they can show the user? Do i create a separate exception for each case: catch (ETransactionAlreadyReversedException) MessageBox.Show('Transaction already reversed') catch (EReversingAReversingTransactionException) MessageBox.Show('Cannot reverse a reversing transaction') catch (ENoPermissionToReverseTranasctionException) MessageBox.Show('You do not have permission to reverse transactions') catch (ECannotReverseTransactionOnAlredyClosedSessionException) MessageBox.Show('This transaction is on a session that has already been closed') catch (ECannotReverseTooOldTransactionException) MessageBox.Show('This transaction is too old to be reversed') Downside for this is that when there's a new logical case to show the user: Tranasctions created by NSL cannot be reversed i don't simply show the user a message, and instead it leaks out as an unhandled excpetion, when really it should be handled with another MessageBox. The alternative is to create a single exception class: `EReverseTransactionException` With the understanding that any exception of this type is a logical check, that should be handled with a message box: catch (EReverseTransactionException) But it's still understood that any other exceptions, ones that involve, for example, an memory ECC parity error, continue unhandled. In other words, i don't convert all errors that can be thrown by the ReverseTransaction() method into EReverseTransactionException, only ones that are logically invalid cause of the user.

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• Unit Testing - Algorithm or Sample based ?

  - by ohadsc

  Say I'm trying to test a simple Set class public IntSet : IEnumerable<int> { Add(int i) {...} //IEnumerable implementation... } And suppose I'm trying to test that no duplicate values can exist in the set. My first option is to insert some sample data into the set, and test for duplicates using my knowledge of the data I used, for example: //OPTION 1 void InsertDuplicateValues_OnlyOneInstancePerValueShouldBeInTheSet() { var set = new IntSet(); //3 will be added 3 times var values = new List<int> {1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5}; foreach (int i in values) set.Add(i); //I know 3 is the only candidate to appear multiple times int counter = 0; foreach (int i in set) if (i == 3) counter++; Assert.AreEqual(1, counter); } My second option is to test for my condition generically: //OPTION 2 void InsertDuplicateValues_OnlyOneInstancePerValueShouldBeInTheSet() { var set = new IntSet(); //The following could even be a list of random numbers with a duplicate var values = new List<int> { 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5}; foreach (int i in values) set.Add(i); //I am not using my prior knowledge of the sample data //the following line would work for any data CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new HashSet<int>(values), set); } Of course, in this example, I conveniently have a set implementation to check against, as well as code to compare collections (CollectionAssert). But what if I didn't have either ? This is the situation when you are testing your real life custom business logic. Granted, testing for expected conditions generically covers more cases - but it becomes very similar to implementing the logic again (which is both tedious and useless - you can't use the same code to check itself!). Basically I'm asking whether my tests should look like "insert 1, 2, 3 then check something about 3" or "insert 1, 2, 3 and check for something in general" EDIT - To help me understand, please state in your answer if you prefer OPTION 1 or OPTION 2 (or neither, or that it depends on the case, etc )

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