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• Amazon EC2 SQL Server Connection

  - by cnxmax

  I have two instances running on Amazon AWS EC2. One is running MSSQL Server 2005, the other is running a web application. I CAN connect to the database in my app using a connection string that references the Public IP of my EC2 instance running SQL Server. I CANNOT connect from the web app server if I change the connection string to reference the database servers Private IP Address. But I can connect if I run that same code on the database server itself. I can remote desktop from the app server to the database server using the private IP. I have a feeling there is something in my SQL Sever configuration that is preventing this remote connection. I have remote connections enabled, I have it set to listen on all IP addresses. Any ideas? Other things I've done: - Added exceptions to Windows Firewall - Tried connecting to using EC2 DNS Names

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• Importing AMIs from Hyper-v VHDX

  - by jwdaigle

  I have a couple of VHDX files that we use to template locally hosted VMs. I would like to try (some) of these on Amazon, so I need to build an AMI to upload to AWS. I have found http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/vmimport/ , which is very helpful to get started. It appears that AWS does not yet support VHDX, so I found some info that told me to export it out of Hyper-V as a VHD file, and then convert/upload it, which I am in the process of trying out. But the real question is that when I was looking for info, I came across http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14346114/unable-to-rdp-to-ec2-instance . The AWS documentation seems to imply that all I need to do is run the importer and all will be well. True? I dont want to waste all the upload bandwidth and then find out it wont work. Is there something I need to install into the Hyper-V VM before converting/upload it using the AWS command line tools? EC2-Config? Any help greatly appreciated -

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• Attempting to update Amazon Route53 using a script, but domain is not being updated

  - by ks78

  I have several Amazon EC2 instances, running Ubuntu 10.04, with which I'd like to use Amazon's Route53. I setup a script as described in Shlomo Swidler's article, but I'm still missing something. When the script runs, it doesn't return any output, which I initially assumed meant it ran correctly. However, when I check the DNS records using MyR53DNS, there are no entries for my instances. Here's my script: #!/bin/tcsh -f set root=`dirname $0` setenv EC2_HOME /usr/lib/ec2-api-tools setenv EC2_CERT /etc/cron.route53/ec2_x509_cert.pem setenv EC2_PRIVATE_KEY /etc/cron.route53/ec2_x509_private.pem setenv AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID myaccesskeyid setenv AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY mysecretaccesskey /user/bin/ec2-describe-instances | \ perl -ne '/^INSTANCE\s+(i-\S+).*?(\S+\.amazonaws\.com)/ \ and do { $dns = $2; print "$1 $dns\n" }; /^TAG.+\sShortName\s+(\S+)/ \ and print "$1 $dns\n"' | \ perl -ane 'print "$F[0] CNAME $F[1] --replace\n"' | \ xargs -n 4 $/etc/cron.route53/cli53/cli53.py \ rrcreate -x 60 mydomain.com Does anyone see a problem with this script? If its not the script, what else could be preventing my Route53 domain from being updated? I am using the Security Groups to IP-restrict the instances. I've tried opening port 53, but that didn't seem to have an effect. Is there another port that Route53 uses? I'd appreciate any help or guidance the ServerFault community can offer. Let me know if you need any further info.

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• Create Windows AMI with instance storage

  - by Jonathan Oliver

  I have a business use case and workflow where local/instance/ephemeral storage for an EC2 instance is ideal. Unfortunately I'm coupled to a Windows platform for this particular task and the EC2 Windows offering appears to have some deficiencies related to AMI creation. In essence, I'm trying to figure out if there's a way to attach local instance storage to a Windows EC2 instance using the typical command line interface (because the Amazon Website GUI doesn't support it) and then to somehow create an AMI based upon that. I've tried creating a snapshot and then creating a Windows AMI based upon the snapshot, but of course the docs say this is unsupported and makes an unbootable AMI. In short, here's what I'm trying to do: Be able to run a Windows instance (EBS/S3 instance doesn't matter) Attach local instance storage as drive D: Persist that configuration as an AMI such that I can start lots of them as necessary from either the GUI, command line, or REST API. Be able to take a launched instance, update software, shutdown, and create another AMI based upon that. Wash, rinse, repeat. One other potential option which isn't horrible, but isn't ideal is to create an AMI which has 2 EBS volumes already attached (system+apps and data). Essentially, every time I startup an instance based upon the AMI it'll create 2 new EBS volumes of pre-determined size. I'm trying to avoid that scenario if possible.

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• No clue for high load average on top

  - by Oz.

  We have several machines on Amazon (ec2) of the type c1.xlarge with 16 cpus, running the Amazon AMI. Details on the machine: 7 GB of memory 20 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each) 1690 GB of instance storage 64-bit platform I/O Performance: High API name: c1.xlarge One out of the several machines is showing a high load average, since we have run the last yum upgrade a couple of weeks a go. We did not yet update the other machines, and everything looks normal on them. The strange thing is that the top command not showing any hint for the cause of the load. CPUs are 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st(see below). Mem is about 1.5GB free. Any idea what could it be, or where else can we check? Many thanks for the help. # # top # top - 07:57:42 up 4:18, 1 user, load average: 1.36, 1.45, 1.47 Tasks: 131 total, 1 running, 130 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 7120092k total, 5644920k used, 1475172k free, 532888k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 3463936k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1557 mysql 20 0 1829m 374m 6448 S 14.3 5.4 11:15.09 mysqld 6655 apache 20 0 416m 49m 3744 S 9.3 0.7 0:04.85 httpd 27683 apache 20 0 421m 54m 3708 S 9.0 0.8 0:00.99 httpd 6682 apache 20 0 424m 57m 3788 S 8.3 0.8 0:03.81 httpd 16816 apache 20 0 419m 51m 3760 S 4.3 0.7 0:04.09 httpd 22182 apache 20 0 417m 50m 3756 S 1.7 0.7 0:06.34 httpd 219 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:00.34 kworker/7:1 699 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:00.40 kworker/3:1 1 root 20 0 19376 1508 1212 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.29 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.71 ksoftirqd/0

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• No apparent reason for high load average

  - by Oz.

  We have several web servers running on Amazon (ec2) c1.xlarge, over Amazon AMI. The servers are duplicates of each other, running the exact same hardware and software. Each server spec is: 7 GB of memory 20 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each) 1690 GB of instance storage 64-bit platform I/O Performance: High API name: c1.xlarge A couple of weeks ago we have run a yum upgrade on one of the servers. Starting on this upgrade the upgraded server started showing a high load average. Needless to say, we did not update the other servers and we can not do so until we understand the reason for this behavior. The strange thing is that when we compare the servers using top or iostat, we can not find the reason for the high load. Note that we have moved traffic from the "problematic" server to the others, which have made the "problematic" server less crowded in terms of requests, and still his load is higher. Do you have any idea what could it be, or where else can we check? Many thanks for the help! Oz. # # proper server # w command # 00:42:26 up 2 days, 19:54, 2 users, load average: 0.41, 0.48, 0.49 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT pts/1 82.80.137.29 00:28 14:05 0.01s 0.01s -bash pts/2 82.80.137.29 00:38 0.00s 0.02s 0.00s w # # proper server # iostat command # Linux 3.2.12-3.2.4.amzn1.x86_64 _x86_64_ (8 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 9.03 0.02 4.26 0.17 0.13 86.39 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn xvdap1 1.63 1.50 55.00 367236 13444008 xvdfp1 4.41 45.93 70.48 11227226 17228552 xvdfp2 2.61 2.01 59.81 491890 14620104 xvdfp3 8.16 14.47 94.23 3536522 23034376 xvdfp4 0.98 0.79 45.86 192818 11209784 # # problematic server # w command # 00:43:26 up 2 days, 21:52, 2 users, load average: 1.35, 1.10, 1.17 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT pts/0 82.80.137.29 00:28 15:04 0.02s 0.02s -bash pts/1 82.80.137.29 00:38 0.00s 0.05s 0.00s w # # problematic server # iostat command # Linux 3.2.20-1.29.6.amzn1.x86_64 _x86_64_ (8 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 7.97 0.04 3.43 0.19 0.07 88.30 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn xvdap1 2.10 1.49 76.54 374660 19253592 xvdfp1 5.64 40.98 85.92 10308946 21612112 xvdfp2 3.97 4.32 93.18 1087090 23439488 xvdfp3 10.87 30.30 115.14 7622474 28961720 xvdfp4 1.12 0.28 65.54 71034 16487112

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• Create image (EBS AMI) takes forever - possibly caused MySQL Server to break?

  - by fuzzybee

  I'm trying to create an EBS AMI from my running EC2 instance to reuse my LAMP fully configured (for my needs). I got my website up and running yesterday on this EC2 instance my MySQL was working fine until this morning (it's not that difficult to install LAMP thanks to yum so I can't see how I could go wrong with this; having said that, it's always difficult for one to realise his own errors) I have seen "Loading, please wait ..." for a few hours now. How do I know whether this is completed or its progress? Shortly after I tried to create the AMI image from my EC2 instance, I encountered database connection error can't connect to local mysql server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' I was able to restart mysqld at first. But database connection was down again. This time, I could not restart mysqld anymore. It shows MySQL Daemon failed to start. Could my attempt to create the AMI by any chance cause the MySQL server to reboot or corrupt? I did a lot of searched and have done the following although I think I shouldn't have to do any workaround for MySQL server to work here chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql/ I also found this workaround but I'm very reluctant to follow due to my belief and the fact I would need to understand this problem first. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Getting back to searching for a solution for the MySQL server problem ... Thanks, Eric

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• "iostat" command different in two equal machines

  - by Oz.

  We have several machines on Amazon (ec2) of the type c1.xlarge with 8 cpus, running the Amazon AMI. Details on the machine: 7 GB of memory 20 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each) 1690 GB of instance storage 64-bit platform I/O Performance: High API name: c1.xlarge One out of the several machines is showing a high load average, since we have run the last yum upgrade a couple of weeks a go. We did not yet update the other machines, and everything looks normal on them. The strange thing is that the top command not showing any hint for the cause of the load. CPUs are - 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st. Mem is about 1.5GB free. Any idea what could it be, or where else can we check? iostat command on the proper machine: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 8.97 0.03 4.46 0.19 0.14 86.23 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn xvdap1 1.60 0.69 55.38 587620 47254184 xvdfp2 2.64 1.10 61.04 934786 52091056 xvdfp4 0.86 0.19 41.72 163866 35601920 xvdfp1 4.37 36.59 73.89 31220810 63051504 xvdfp3 8.03 7.08 94.63 6045402 80749184 iostat command on problematic machine: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 9.29 0.04 5.55 0.26 0.11 84.74 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn xvdap1 2.13 3.34 68.85 246244 5077888 xvdfp1 7.60 74.31 104.88 5480362 7734840 xvdfp3 13.22 73.67 125.00 5433386 9218600 xvdfp4 1.11 0.76 65.08 55762 4799248 xvdfp2 4.16 3.31 99.17 243818 7313264 Many thanks for the help.

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• AWS: Multi-region setup using single RDS instance

  - by Ion

  I'm trying to scale our web application (PHP, MySQL, memcache) in a multi-region scheme. Currently we are using a setup with two EC2 instances behind an ELB and an RDS instance, all of them in US-EAST (Virginia) region. We would like to have a presence in the EU (Ireland) region as well. This means at least a new EC2 instance there (identical to the others, serving the same application). I have copied the desired AMI, setup the new instance, setup a same ELB configuration (required for SSL termination) and configured latency-based routing in Route53. And it works as suggested. But, clients from EU have speed problems. This is due to the fact that the EU EC2 instances connect to the US-based RDS instance. As far as I know Amazon has not yet enabled RDS multi-region replication. Do you have any suggestions on how to properly speed up the whole setup while using the single RDS instance? Also, any ideas in general on how to scale things up? Ideally we would like to continue using the RDS technology for various reasons. Nevertheless, I am open to suggestions (I guess the next idea would be to host our own MySQL servers).

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• Cannot connect to MySQL on RDS (Amazon Web Services) from my laptop

  - by Bruno Reis

  I'm having some trouble connecting to a MySQL 5.1 server on an RDS instance on AWS from my laptop. The detailed description of the problem is here: https://forums.aws.amazon.com/thread.jspa?messageID=323397 In short: I have 2 MySQL servers, both with the same db configuration and firewall (security group) configuration. One of them works fine: I can connect to it from my EC2 instances (ie, from inside the AWS cloud) and from my laptop. The other one doesn't: I can connect from my EC2 instances but not from my laptop. The symptom: a connection attempt from my laptop just hangs, and then times out, as if there was a firewall blocking me (ie, silently dropping my SYN packets). I must say that everything has been working fine for a very long time, and this problem began suddenly, 3 days ago, without any modifications to DB parameters or the security groups. My current analysis of the situation: The firewall (ie, security group) cannot be the problem: both MySQL servers share the same firewall configuration -- I can connect to one of them but not to the other. Later on, I even added a rule to allow inbound connections from 0.0.0.0/0 (ie, I turned off the firewall), and nothing. Oh, I also created a new, fresh security group and changed this instance's SG to the new one (to which I first added my ip address, and then 0.0.0.0/0) but still nothing. The credentials cannot be the problem: I use the same from my laptop and from my EC2 instances -- and the user (which is what Amazon calls master user), in the database, has a host of '%'. MySQL is not blocking my IP due to, say, too many failed connection attemps: I've FLUSH HOSTS on the database, and also I tried to connect using many different source IP addresses, even from all around the world through a VPN proxy service. What could I be missing? I'm asking here because it's been about 36 hours since I've posted on AWS forums but got no answer at all over there... someone here might have a solution! Any input is really appreciated, I'm out of ideas. Thanks!

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• Subsequent runs of rsync locally don't reduce data transferred

  - by sharakan

  I have an EC2 instance with data I want to sync to a mounted, but remote, volume, as a backup. rsync seems like the way to go with this, so as a test I took my test file (a Postgres pg_dump file) and used rsync -v to copy it to the mounted volume: [ec2-user work]$ rsync -v dump.sql.1 ../backup/dump.sql dump.sql.1 sent 821704315 bytes received 31 bytes 3416650.09 bytes/sec total size is 821603948 speedup is 1.00 Then, I ran it again, expecting to see minimal sent/received numbers because it would just be checksums. Instead... [ec2-user work]$ rsync -v dump.sql.1 ../backup/dump.sql dump.sql.1 sent 821704315 bytes received 31 bytes 3402502.47 bytes/sec total size is 821603948 speedup is 1.00 I'm new to rsync so perhaps I'm missing something, but isn't the idea that the source and destination files are checked for differences, and then a patch is generated and applied to the destination? Why is this not reducing the amount of data 'sent' to just the size of the checksums? Some background if it's relevant: the mounted volume is using s3fs, mounted with s3fs <bucketname> backup.

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• ec2_bundle_vol fails with error LoadError

  - by Koran

  Hi, I am a newbie in amazon ec2 setup. I have now setup a machine to my taste - and I now want to bundle it. I am running the following command from the launched instance - root@domU-21-34-67-26-ED-Z4:~# ec2-bundle-vol -r i386 -d /mnt \ -p ACT-VOL -u 8940-1355-4155 -k /tmp/pk-key.pem \ -c /tmp/cert.pem -s 10240 \ -e /mnt,/root/.ssh,/home/ubuntu/.ssh ruby: No such file or directory -- /home/ubuntu/ec2tools/ec2-api-tools-1.3-46266/lib/ec2/amitools/bundlevol.rb (LoadError) The ruby version is 1.8.7. I searched internet and installed libruby1.8-extras etc too, but to no avail. I also tried running it from site_ruby (/usr/local/lib/site_ruby) - but no use. I tried installing 1.8.6 version of ruby, but was unable to find a way to do so too. Any help would be much appreciated. Thanks, K

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• Cant access ephemeral storage on Amazon ubuntu instance

  - by matt burns

  I want to utilise my ephemeral storage as mentioned in this question but I seem to be falling at the first hurdle. I can't even see /mnt: ~$ df -ah Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 8.0G 855M 6.8G 12% / proc 0 0 0 - /proc sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys none 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/fuse/connections none 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/debug none 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/security udev 288M 8.0K 288M 1% /dev devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts tmpfs 119M 152K 118M 1% /run none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 296M 0 296M 0% /run/shm This is from a vanilla instance of an ubuntu AMI (12.04-amd64-server-20120424 ami-a29943cb) I'm not bothered about resizing the partition, I just want to be able to use the space for writing temp files.

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• Cloud service and IM protocol advice, for a backend to group chat mobile app

  - by Jonathan

  Overview I’m going to develop an app on Android and iOS. It will allow users to set up group ‘chat rooms’ and talk on chat rooms set up by other users. The service needs to be highly scalable, such that it could accommodate a massive increase in users overnight (we can only dream). Chat requirements The chat protocol used should be flexible: it should allow me to determine who can view/post on ‘chat rooms’ based on certain other factors, as determined by the first poster/creator of the particular ‘chat room’. It should also allow for users to simply install the app and begin using the service, after only providing a simple nickname (which could be changed later). Chat protocol plans Having looked around I think the XMPP protocol is the best candidate. In particular the Multi-user chat extension looks like what I’ll need. Would this be most suited to my requirements, or do you know another potential solution? Cloud service I have been deciding between Amazon Web Services, Google App Engine and Windows Azure. I’m coming to the conclusion that Azure will be best, as it is easier to manage than AWS (ease of scalability will be a key factor in the design), I think it may be less restricted than GAE, plus Azure will soon have toolkits to allow easy interfacing with both Android and iOS phones. Is this the decision you would have made, or would you recommend/look into other cloud services? General project philosophy I have only recently started looking into this project’s feasibility, and am no expert on any of its aspects. So wherever possible I will leave the actual implementations to experts, i.e. choosing a higher-level cloud service, using a well-documented plugin of a, proven reliable, group chat protocol etc. My background I have some programming knowledge from a computer science degree. Main languages I’ve used have been Java and Python, but I don’t want this to affect design decisions for the project. The most appropriate languages for the task should be used, i.e. I don’t mind learning a lot of new skills (my current programming levels are relatively basic anyway). Thank you Thanks for reading, and any advice you have about any aspect would be greatly appreciated :-)

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• How do I apt-get -y dist-upgrade without a grub config prompt?

  - by fratrik

  Per Make apt-get (or aptitude) run with -y but not prompt for replacement of configuration files? I did the following: ec2run ami-3c994355 --region us-east-1 -n 1 -t m1.large -z us-east-1d On the machine: sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get -y -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confdef" -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confold" dist-upgrade I still get a prompt asking me which config file I want to use. These are the lines that come before the prompt: Setting up grub-pc (1.99-21ubuntu3.1) ... then: +-------------------------------------------------------¦ Configuring grub-pc +-------------------------------------------------------+ ¦ A new version of configuration file /etc/default/grub is available, but the version installed currently has been locally modified. ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ What do you want to do about modified configuration file grub? ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ install the package maintainer's version ¦ (Unrelated, was this too much information?)

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• How to point DNS records to Amazon AWS Elastic Beanstalk

  - by Lance

  I just created a new environment with AWS and uploaded a .zip file into elastic beanstalk. I used to have a friend's server host my site instead of GoDaddy so I changed my custom DNS name servers from pointing to my friend's server to GoDaddy's. AWS told me that I need I need to add a CNAME record on GoDaddy and I did. The alias is lance and the host is lance-env.elasticbeanstalk.com. I know that this change can take 24-48 hours to take effect but it's been a day already and when I go to my site, a default page from GoDaddy appears. I'm very new to AWS and would just like to find a way for AWS to host my site other than using Route53.

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• How to use PostgreSQL on AWS - Ubuntu 11.10

  - by That1Guy

  I'm extremely new to cloud-computing, Linux, and PostgreSQL, so if this is a stupid question, I apologize. I've managed to create an m1.large instance running Ubuntu 11.10, connect via Putty SSH, and install PostgreSQL (sudo apt-get install postgresql), but that is as far as I've gotten. My goal is to run several python web-scraping scripts that I've written on this instance (so as not to eat up all of our bandwidth (smaller company at the moment)) and insert the scraped data into a PostgreSQL table on the instance and later retrieve that data to store on our local server (as I've heard AWS EBS is unreliable and I don't want to take chances). How can I configure PostgreSQL on my AWS instance? How can I access the data from my machine? I currently use PgAdmin3 to manage PosgreSQL on our local server. Can I use this same interface to manage PostgreSQL on my AWS instance? Any suggestions, solutions, links, etc is greatly appreciated. And again, if this is a dumb question, I apologize.

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• Not enough disk space '/' in AWS instance

  - by Sumant

  i am running Ubuntu 11.04 instance for my Web Server on AWS cloud, now i am getting there is no disk space in / partition of my server. df -ah say this Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 7.9G 7.8G 97M 99% / proc 0 0 0 - /proc none 0 0 0 - /sys fusectl 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/fuse/connections none 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/debug none 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/security none 3.7G 112K 3.7G 1% /dev none 0 0 0 - /dev/pts none 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev/shm none 3.7G 80K 3.7G 1% /var/run none 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /var/lock /dev/xvdb 414G 16G 377G 4% /mnt Now i have Tried these thing for getting some extra space on / partition Clean up All Log files for Apache. Removed all unnecessary files from server. Home directory Cleanup. But Still I am not getting enough space. This Instance type is m1.large with 8GB EBS. Now i am getting i have enough disk space in /dev/xvdb. Is there a way i can allocate some diskspace to / from /dev/xvdb or Any other Ways. Please suggest me the possible solution for this.Is it possible to use the same /dev/xvdb partition with another instance.

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• Using AWS or Azure, what to do about emails?

  - by Paul

  I'm coming from a background of paying a hosting company X amount per month for a server. This server comes with IIS, WebsitePanel and Smartermail all bundled together. When I create a new domain using WebsitePanel it automatically creates my email account. All I then need to do is configure my DNS to point to the server. I've decided that it is more cost efficient to move to AWS / Azure. Has anyone come from a similar background and moved onto a cloud system? I'd be interested to know what you did regarding emails. So far, these are the suggestions I've seen: Use Google Apps for each domain Use something like Elastic Email to sent out emails Launch a new instance and host an email server on that The first option seems like quite a lot of manual configuration, the second one works good with outgoing emails but what about receiving? Option 3 would make it less cost effective. What is your experience?

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• How to Program AWS Spot Instances to Strategically Bid So the Auction is Never Lost Until a Competitor Beats the Maximum I'm Willing to Pay?

  - by Taal

  I believe I'm in the right section of stack exchange to ask this. If not, let me know. I only use Amazon Web Services for temporary type hosting services, so the spot instances are quite valuable to me. I would also just make an instance and start and stop it - but - that doesn't necessarily fit my bootstrapped budget sadly. Anyways, it really kills me when someone outbids me on a spot instance I have (I tend to go for the larger ones which there are fewer of available) and I get randomly kicked off. I know or at least I believe there is a way to program in something somehow to dynamically change your bidding price to beat a potential competitor's if their's is higher than yours. Now, I previously believed Amazon would just charge me for the highest price right above the next lowest competitor automatically (eliminating the need for this) - so if I bid too high, then I only pay what I would of needed to in order to win and keep the auction. Essentially, I thought my bid price was my max bid price. Apparently, according to my bills and several experiments I've done - this is not the case. They charge me for whatever I bid even when I know there is no one else around to counter bid me. I needed to clarify that, but let me get back to the main point: Let's say I'm bidding $0.50, competitor comes in and bids 0.55 cents. I get kicked off. I want to have it to where I'd set a maximum I'm willing to pay (let's say $1.00 here), and then when competitor comes in and tries to bid $.55, my bid is dynamically adjusted to beat his at $0.56 up until he breaks my $1.00 threshold. I've been reading the guides and although they are more or less straightforward, I feel like they leave a few holes in them that end up confusing me. Like, for instance, where do I input said command or when do I do it? Maybe I'm just tech illiterate and need help deciphering these guides. A good start for someone willing to answer/help me decipher this problem would be here: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/spot-as-update-bid.html

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• Is the Cloud ready for an Enterprise Java web application? Seeking a JEE hosting advice.

  - by Jakub Holý

  Greetings to all the smart people around here! I'd like to ask whether it is feasible or a good idea at all to deploy a Java enterprise web application to a Cloud such as Amazon EC2. More exactly, I'm looking for infrastructure options for an application that shall handle few hundred users with long but neither CPU nor memory intensive sessions. I'm considering dedicated servers, virtual private servers (VPSs) and EC2. I've noticed that there is a project called JBoss Cloud so people are working on enabling such a deployment, on the other hand it doesn't seem to be mature yet and I'm not sure that the cloud is ready for this kind of applications, which differs from the typical cloud-based applications like Twitter. Would you recommend to deploy it to the cloud? What are the pros and cons? The application is a Java EE 5 web application whose main function is to enable users to compose their own customized Product by combining the available Parts. It uses stateless and stateful session beans and JPA for persistence of entities to a RDBMS and fetches information about Parts from the company's inventory system via a web service. Aside of external users it's used also by few internal ones, who are authenticated against the company's LDAP. The application should handle around 300-400 concurrent users building their product and should be reasonably scalable and available though these qualities are only of a medium importance at this stage. I've proposed an architecture consisting of a firewall (FW) and load balancer supporting sticky sessions and https (in the Cloud this would be replaced with EC2's Elastic Load Balancing service and FW on the app. servers, in a physical architecture the load-balancer would be a HW), then two physical clustered application servers combined with web servers (so that if one fails, a user doesn't loose his/her long built product) and finally a database server. The DB server would need a slave backup instance that can replace the master instance if it fails. This should provide reasonable availability and fault tolerance and provide good scalability as long as a single RDBMS can keep with the load, which should be OK for quite a while because most of the operations are done in the memory using a stateful bean and only occasionally stored or retrieved from the DB and the amount of data is low too. A problematic part could be the dependency on the remote inventory system webservice but with good caching of its outputs in the application it should be OK too. Unfortunately I've only vague idea of the system resources (memory size, number and speed of CPUs/cores) that such an "average Java EE application" for few hundred users needs. My rough and mostly unfounded estimate based on actual Amazon offerings is that 1.7GB and a single, 2-core "modern CPU" with speed around 2.5GHz (the High-CPU Medium Instance) should be sufficient for any of the two application servers (since we can handle higher load by provisioning more of them). Alternatively I would consider using the Large instance (64b, 7.5GB RAM, 2 cores at 1GHz) So my question is whether such a deployment to the cloud is technically and financially feasible or whether dedicated/VPS servers would be a better option and whether there are some real-world experiences with something similar. Thank you very much! /Jakub Holy PS: I've found the JBoss EAP in a Cloud Case Study that shows that it is possible to deploy a real-world Java EE application to the EC2 cloud but unfortunately there're no details regarding topology, instance types, or anything :-(

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• Using Cloud Formation provisioned security group with specific subnet

  - by Fred Clausen

  Summary I'm attempting to create an AWS CloudFormation template which contains an instance for which I want to select a particular subnet. If I specify the subnet ID then I get the following error The parameter groupName cannot be used with the parameter subnet. From reading this thread it appears I need to provide security group IDs - not names. How can I create a security group in CloudFormation and then get its ID after the fact? Details The relevant part of the instance config is as follows "WebServerHost": { "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Instance", <..skipping metadata...> "Properties": { "ImageId" : { "ami-1234" }, "InstanceType" : { "Ref" : "WebServerInstanceType" }, "SecurityGroups" : [ {"Ref" : "WebServerSecurityGroup"} ], "SubnetId" : "subnet-abcdef123", and the security group looks as follows "WebServerSecurityGroup" : { "Type" : "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup", "Properties" : { "GroupDescription" : "Enable HTTP and SSH", "SecurityGroupIngress" : [ {"IpProtocol" : "tcp", "FromPort" : "80", "ToPort" : "80", "CidrIp" : "0.0.0.0/0"}, {"IpProtocol" : "tcp", "FromPort" : "22", "ToPort" : "22", "CidrIp" : "0.0.0.0/0"} ] } }, How can I create and then get that security group's ID?

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• HAProxy authenticated httpchk (health check)

  - by Markel

  I am using HAProxy on EC2 and using httpchk to manage node availability. I had used a pseudo-unique path as the health check route in an attempt to make sure only my servers responded to the health check. Earlier today I had an EC2 server fall out of existence, and before the haproxy config was auto-regenerated (controller issues), Amazon had reassigned the IP to someone whom 200's every request (honeypot?), my HAProxy host then pulled the server back into rotation and started distributing some of my traffic there until the controller recovered and removed the ip from the list. TLDR; Is there a way to add a server authentication method to HAProxy's httpchk?

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• Read Linux-formatted (ext3) EBS volume mounted on Windows Server 2008 instance

  - by Greg Owen

  I've got a Windows Server 2008 R2 instance set up in Amazon EC2. I've also got some Ubuntu instances on the same EC2 account. I'd like to be able to mount the EBS volume from one of the Ubuntu instances onto the Windows instance as an external drive and then access that drive from the Windows instance. I've looked at tools like ext2fsd and ext2 IFS, but these haven't worked (I couldn't get the former to work, and the latter says that it supports Windows 2008 but gives an error when I try to install it, saying that it only supports up to Windows 2003). I know that there are all kinds of tools to view Linux partitions and that there are filesystems that are compatible with both Linux and Windows, but neither of those options works here (I want to be able to attach and detach the Ubuntu volumes on command, rather than have a permanent partition, and Ubuntu EBS volumes are ext3 by default). Anybody know a good tool I should use?

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• Running make for Nginx throws a “multiple target patterns” error

  - by Justin Meltzer

  When I run make inside my installed nginx directory I get the output: make -f objs/Makefile make[1]: Entering directory `/home/ec2-user/nginx/nginx-1.2.4' objs/Makefile:110: *** multiple target patterns. Stop. make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/ec2-user/nginx/nginx-1.2.4' make: * [build] Error 2 I am on an Amazon Linux AMI. The steps I took from the beginning was wget /path/to/nginx/tarball tar xvf nginx-1.2.4.tar.gz cd nginx-1.2.4 ./configure --prefix=/nginx --a-bunch-of-other-options Then I ran make. Also I installed make by running sudo yum install make Please let me know if there's any other information I should be providing.

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