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  • What is a monad?

    - by kronoz
    Having briefly looked at Haskell recently I wondered whether anybody could give a brief, succinct, practical explanation as to what a monad essentially is? I have found most explanations I've come across to be fairly inaccessible and lacking in practical detail, so could somebody here help me?

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  • Sparse quadratic program solver

    - by Jacob
    This great SO answer points to a good sparse solver, but I've got constraints on x (for Ax = b) such that each element in x is >=0 an <=N. The first thing which comes to mind is an QP solver for large sparse matrices. Also, A is huge (around 2e6x2e6) but very sparse with <=4 elements per row. Any ideas/recommendations?

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  • Monitoring outgoing internet traffic

    - by Frane
    Is there a way to monitoring internet traffic programatically? I would like to log the pages users are visiting on the Internet. Can this be achieved with .NET code, is there a 3rd party .NET component that could be used to retrieved data. Information about Internet traffic must be stored to a database so I cannot use a plugin or something for IE. We are also looking to include this code into our existing product so we cannot use a 3rd party product that cannot be redistributed. It would be cool if this thing could monitor traffic for all browsers but monitoring IE traffic might also be sufficient.

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  • What are all the disadvantages of using files as a means of communicating between two processes?

    - by Manny
    I have legacy code which I need to improve for performance reasons. My application comprises of two executables that need to exchange certain information. In the legacy code, one exe writes to a file ( the file name is passed as an argument to exe) and the second executable first checks if such a file exists; if does not exist checks again and when it finds it, then goes on to read the contents of the file. This way information in transferred between the two executables. The way the code is structured, the second executable is successful on the first try itself. Now I have to clean this code up and was wondering what are the disadvantages of using files as a means of communication rather than some inter-process communication like pipes.Is opening and reading a file more expensive than pipes? Are there any other disadvantages? And how significant do you think would be the performance degradation. The legacy code is run on both windows and linux.

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  • How to start the web cam by programmatically?

    - by Nitz
    Hello Guys How to start any web cam through programmatically? my main requirement is it should start webcam? and that should be any application - software not a website. we can use any language. So how can start the web cam using programing language? btw... [I am not talking about the power of the webcam][Any web cam means any companies web cam]

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  • 0xDEADBEEF equivalent for 64-bit development?

    - by Peter Mortensen
    For C++ development for 32-bit systems (be it Linux, Mac OS or Windows, PowerPC or x86) I have initialised pointers that would otherwise be undefined (e.g. they can not immediately get a proper value) like so: int *pInt = reinterpret_cast<int *>(0xDEADBEEF); (To save typing and being DRY the right-hand side would normally be in a constant, e.g. BAD_PTR.) If pInt is dereferenced before it gets a proper value then it will crash immediately on most systems (instead of crashing much later when some memory is overwritten or going into a very long loop). Of course the behavior is dependent on the underlying hardware (getting a 4 byte integer from the odd address 0xDEADBEEF from a user process may be perfectly valid), but the crashing has been 100% reliable for all the systems I have developed for so far (Mac OS 68xxx, Mac OS PowerPC, Linux Redhat Pentium, Windows GUI Pentium, Windows console Pentium). For instance on PowerPC it is illegal (bus fault) to fetch a 4 byte integer from an odd address. What is a good value for this on 64-bit systems?

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  • Effects of the `extern` keyword on C functions

    - by Elazar Leibovich
    In C I did not notice any effect of the extern keyword used before function declaration. At first I thougth that when defining extern int f(); in a single file forces you to implement it outside of the files scope, however I found out that both extern int f(); int f() {return 0;} And extern int f() {return 0;} Compiles just fine, with no warnings from gcc. I used gcc -Wall -ansi, he wouldn't even accept // comments. Are there any effects for using extern before function definitions? Or is it just an optional keyword with no side effects for functions. In the latter case I don't understand why did the standard designers chose to litter the grammar with superfluous keywords. EDIT: to clarify, I know there's usage for extern in variables, but I'm only asking about extern in functions.

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  • what is pagecache page

    - by kumar
    /* * Each physical page in the system has a struct page associated with * it to keep track of whatever it is we are using the page for at the * moment. Note that we have no way to track which tasks are using * a page, though if it is a pagecache page, rmap structures can tell us * who is mapping it. */ include/linux/mm_types.h Here Please lemme know what is "pagecache page" means? Thanks!

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  • Linker library for OpenMP for Snow Leopard?

    - by unknownthreat
    Currently, I am trying out OpenMP on XCode 3.2.2 on Snow Leopard: #include <omp.h> #include <iostream> #include <stdio.h> int main (int argc, char * const argv[]) { #pragma omp parallel printf("Hello from thread %d, nthreads %d\n", omp_get_thread_num(), omp_get_num_threads()); return 0; } I didn't include any linking libraries yet, so the linker complains: "_omp_get_thread_num", referenced from: _main in main.o "_omp_get_num_threads", referenced from: _main in main.o OK, fine, no problem, I take a look in the existing framework, looking for keywords such as openmp or omp... here comes the problem, where is the linking library? Or should I say, what is the name of the linking library for openMP? Is it dylib, framework or what? Or do I need to get it from somewhere first?

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  • Which languages are dynamically typed and compiled (and which are statically typed and interpreted)?

    - by Skilldrick
    In my reading on dynamic and static typing, I keep coming up against the assumption that statically typed languages are compiled, while dynamically typed languages are interpreted. I know that in general this is true, but I'm interested in the exceptions. I'd really like someone to not only give some examples of these exceptions, but try to explain why it was decided that these languages should work in this way.

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  • hide cursor on remote terminal

    - by Tyler
    I have an open socket to a remote terminal. Using this SO answer I was able to put that terminal into character mode. My question is, how do I hide the cursor in the remote terminal using this method? Thanks!

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  • Abstracting boxed array structures in J

    - by estanford
    I've been working on a J function for a while, that's supposed to scan a list and put consecutive copies of an element into separate, concatenated boxes. My efforts have taken me as far as the function (<;. 2) ((2&(~:/\)),1:) which tests successive list entries for inequality, returns a list of boolean values, and cuts the list into boxes that end each time the number 1 appears. Here's an example application: (<;. 2) ((2&(~:/\)),1:) 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 1 1 +-+-+-----+-+-----+ |1|1|0 0 1|1|0 0 1| +-+-+-----+-+-----+ The task would be finished if I could then replace all those booleans with their corresponding values in the input argument. I've been looking for some kind of mystery function that would let me do something like final =: mysteryfunction @ (<;. 2) ((2&(~:/\)),1:) final 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 1 1 +-+-+-----+-+-----+ |1|2|3 3 3|4|1 1 1| +-+-+-----+-+-----+ In an ideal situation, there would be some way to abstractly represent the nesting pattern generated by (<;. 2) ((2&(~:/\)),1:) to the original input list. (i.e. "This boxed array over here has the first element boxed at depth one, the second element boxed at depth one, the third, fourth, and fifth elements boxed together at depth one,..., so take that unboxed list over there and box it up the same way.") I tried fooling around with ;. , S: , L:, L. and &. to produce that behavior, but I haven't had much luck. Is there some kind of operator or principle I'm missing that could make this happen? It wouldn't surprise me if I were overthinking the whole issue, but I'm running out of ideas.

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  • Can I make ruby send network traffic over a specific iface?

    - by rjorgenson
    I am writing a script that grabs the external IP address along with some other information about each iface. I can't figure out how to make ruby send traffic over a specific iface(eth0 and wlan0 for example). I am currently using the open-uri library to open http://whatismyip.org and read it into a variable. def get_external_ip begin open("http://whatismyip.org") { |f| return f.read } rescue return "none" end end Is there any way to specify this at runtime of the script or from within the script itself(ideally)?

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  • When is a scala partial function not a partial function?

    - by Fred Haslam
    While creating a map of String to partial functions I ran into unexpected behavior. When I create a partial function as a map element it works fine. When I allocate to a val it invokes instead. Trying to invoke the check generates an error. Is this expected? Am I doing something dumb? Comment out the check() to see the invocation. I am using scala 2.7.7 def PartialFunctionProblem() = { def dream()() = { println("~Dream~"); new Exception().printStackTrace() } val map = scala.collection.mutable.HashMap[String,()=>Unit]() map("dream") = dream() // partial function map("dream")() // invokes as expected val check = dream() // unexpected invocation check() // error: check of type Unit does not take parameters }

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  • C# Detect Localhost Port Usage

    - by ThaKidd
    In advance, thank you for your advice. I am currently working on a program which uses Putty to create a SSH connection with a server that uses local port forwarding to enable a client, running my software, to access the service behind the SSH server via localhost. IE: client:20100 - Internet - Remote SSH server exposed via router/firewall - Local Intranet - Intranet Web POP3 Server:110. Cmd Line: "putty -ssh -2 -P 22 -C -L 20100:intranteIP:110 -pw sshpassword sshusername@sshserver" Client would use putty to create a SSH connection with the SSH server specifying in the connection string that it would like to tie port 110 of the Intranet POP3 Server to port 20100 on the client system. Therefore the client would be able to open up a mail client to localhost:20100 and interact with the Internal POP3 server over the SSH tunnel. The above is a general description. I already know what I am trying to do will work without a problem so am not looking for debate on the above. The question is this...How can I ensure the local port (I cannot use dynamic ports, so it must be static) on localhost is not being used or listened to by any other application? I am currently executing this code in my C# app: private bool checkPort(int port) { try { //Create a socket on the current IPv4 address Socket TestSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); // Create an IP end point IPEndPoint localIP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), port); // Bind that port TestSocket.Bind(localIP); // Cleanup TestSocket.Close(); return false; } catch (Exception e) { // Exception occurred. Port is already bound. return true; } } I am currently calling this function starting with a specific port in a for loop to get the 'false' return at the first available port. The first port I try is actually being listened to by uTorrent. The above code does not catch this and my connection fails. What is the best method to ensure a port is truly free? I do understand some other program may grab the port during/after I have tested it. I just need to find something that will ensure it is not currently in use AT ALL when the test is executed. If there is a way to truly reserve the localhost port during the test, I would love to hear about it.

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  • Folder View in C# Form

    - by Kiran
    Hello, In an attempt to learn C#, I am trying to develop Picasa Like Application to display Photographs from my Library. Would it be possible to display folders as in Picasa Using C# ? Any help would be highly helpful.

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  • F#: how to find Cartesian power

    - by Nike
    I have a problem with writing a Cartesian power function. I found many examples about calculating Cartesian Product, but no one about Cartesian power. For example, [1;2] raised to power 3 = [ [1;1;1] ; [1;1;2] ; [1;2;1] ; [1;2;2] ; [2;1;1] ; [2;1;2] ; [2;2;1]; [2;2;2] ] I use following code to calculate Cartesian Product: let Cprod U V = let mutable res = [] for u in U do for v in V do res <- res @ [[u;v]] res And trying to calculate Cartesian power. I use following code to calculate Cartesian Product: let Cpower U n = let mutable V = U for i=0 to n-1 do V <- Dprod U V V Visual Studio said: Error The resulting type would be infinite when unifying ''a' and ''a list'. I will thankful for any help and links.

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