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• DHCPOFFER delay VLAN

  - by john883

  I have configured two VLANs [ 15 and 16 ] and a trunkport on a Cisco Catalyst 2960. The trunkport is connected to eth2 on a Linux server The server is configured to support VLAN's and the interfaces eth2.15 eth2.16 is configured with ip addresses on two different subnet. dhcp3-server is running on the same server and hands out IP-addresses to the VLANs. When connecting a client to a port that is configured in ex. VLAN 15 and requesting a IP-address, i experience a long delay before recieving a DHCPOFFER, around 30 seconds or so, the client needs to send a DHCPDISCOVER about five times but will always recieve a DHCPOFFER. Any suggestion why this delay is happening?

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• /data/tmp on database server?

  - by Mellon

  I am on a Linux ubuntu machine with MySQL installed. My teacher gave out an assignment which mentioned "copy cars.dat to /data/tmp on the MySQL database server" without any explanations, I do not know what is the "/data/tmp on database server" means exactly? Basically after that I need to execute SQL statement like LOAD DATA INFILE '/data/tmp/cars.dat' INTO TABLE cars So, what does copy cars.dat to /data/tmp on the database server means as there is no /data/tmp directory even? Personally, I checked /etc/mysql/my.cnf file, inside which there are definitions of : ... basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp ... Does it mean to copy cars.dat to the tmpdir which is just /tmp under root directory??

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• monitor just what's going on -on a firewall

  - by bbutle01

  I have this little snapgear firewall. It's a little purpose built box running a custom linux, SH4 processor @240 Mhz, 64MB of ram. Basically how close we are to capacity is a mystery to me. I know I can run top and see the status of all the processes, but how can I see just how much of the processor is going to passing data... and how to estimate when I'm going to need to upgrade, and by tweaking iptables rules, how does that help/hurt the processor. suggestions?

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• Networking conflict - What is the most common default computer name?

  - by John

  I recently had to change the name of my computer to log onto a public wi-fi spot, because a computer with my name was already logged on. (I asked a guy there what to do after it said there was already a computer named "Dell(omitted)" logged on.) I've never been at a wifi spot that you had to log into before. I didn't even notice what the computer's name was before. My question is what are the most common default computer names. I'm curious. How often does this sort of problem happen? (I read via Google that Redhat linux default to "localhost" and Toshiba laptops default to "Toshiba.") Somebody probably keeps statistics. (I was referred here from serverfault.com) Thanks

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• How useful is mounting /tmp noexec?

  - by Novelocrat

  Many people (including the Securing Debian Manual) recommend mounting /tmp with the noexec,nodev,nosuid set of options. This is generally presented as one element of a 'defense-in-depth' strategy, by preventing the escalation of an attack that lets someone write a file, or an attack by a user with a legitimate account but no other writable space. Over time, however, I've encountered arguments (most prominently by Debian/Ubuntu Developer Colin Watson) that noexec is a useless measure, for a couple potential reasons: The user can run /lib/ld-linux.so <binary> in an attempt to get the same effect. The user can still run system-provided interpreters on scripts that can't be run directly Given these arguments, the potential need for more configuration (e.g. debconf likes an executable temporary directory), and the potential loss of convenience, is this a worthwhile security measure? What other holes do you know of that enable circumvention?

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• In CentOS 4.3 Webmin 1.3000 bandwidth monitoring is eating disk space. How to delete those files?

  - by Silkograph

  I maintain Linux server being used for Mail, Squid and DNS service. Recently I observed that something was eating server disk space. But at last, today I caught the culprit which was consuming the disk by storing large number of files. On this server, Webmin 1.300 is installed. We use Squid proxy and Sarg to monitor Internet access. I always manually clear Sarg generated files under /var/www/html/squid for last few years. But I never realized that Webmin is also storing some kind of bandwidth log files in its' directory structure. I have noticed that under /etc/webmin/bandwidth/hours it has stored more thousands of files since year 2007 totaling about 17 GB. We have used 40 GB HDD for this server machine. My question is how can I delete those (/etc/webmin/bandwidth/hours) files safely?

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• What's more cost effective, Hosting your web startup on Foss or Windows?

  - by user37899

  Hi, Not coming from the windows world, I'm confused about licensing. I think my knowledge may be out of date. Before we gave up with windows web servers (IIS 2), we used to have to pay Client Access licence's. This worked out quite expensive. Is it cheaper to host 1000's of users on Windows than use Free open source software tools? http://serverfault.com/questions/124329/network-load-balancing-efficience-and-limits. This post suggests I can pay $15 a month, for unlimited users. I certainly hope that this is unbiased view, I am a professional and use the right technology for the right job. I hope i am not feeling the wrath of a windows (or linux for that matter) fanboy. Perhaps a Microsoft certified Licensing person can clear this up. Should i be recommending to startups windows servers and products over lamp? Cheers!

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• Finding proof of server being compromised by Black Hole Toolkit exploit

  - by cosmicsafari

  I recently took over maintenance of a company server. (Just Host, C Panel, Linux server), theres a tonne of websites on it which i know nothing about. It had came to my attention that a client had attempted to access one of the websites hosted on this server and was met with a warning from windows defender. It had blocked access because it said the website had been compromised by the Black Hole Toolkit or something to that effect. Anyway I went in and updated various plugins and deleted some old suspect websites. I have since ran the website in question through a few online malware scanners and its comes up clean everytime. However im not convinced. Do any of you guys know extensive ways i can check that the server isn't still compromised. I have no way to install any malware scanners or anti virus programs on the server as it is horribly locked down by Just Host.

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• Which OS should I chose for my VPS?

  - by Camran

  I am about to order a virtual private server now, and have no experience in any Linux OS whatsoever. I am a fast learner however... My VPS provider provides these OS: Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Ubuntu 8.04 LTS 64-bit Ubuntu 9.10 Ubuntu 9.10 64-bit Debian 5.0 Gentoo Gentoo 64-bit Ubuntu 8.04 LTS + Ruby on rails I don't know what these are, however I have heard about Ubuntu alot, and know there is alot of information about it on the Internet. Will it make any difference which one I chose? I plan on running a classifieds website, which uses PHP, MySql, Java (for Solr) and the usual standard stuff (HTML, javascript...). Which should I chose? And what is the next step after chosing one? Thanks

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• Is it my motherboard?

  - by jarodrussell

  Early this week my home server (a Linux machine) threw a kernel panic. Yesterday is happened a couple of times. Then all of a sudden, when I plugged a USB stick in to run a memory test, the monitor stopped coming on. Now whenever I turn it on, the system gets power...I heard the drives spin, I see the processor fan spin, and the hard drive light comes on...but nothing happens. I put a video card in the AGP slot, but still nothing. The light on the power button that usually comes on stopped coming on. I took the memory out to see if it would beep, but nothing beeped. It's like it's getting power, but it's not coming on. Does this sound like a motherboard problem to anyone else? I think it is, but a second opinion would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

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• How to rename everything matching a certain string in a folder

  - by lostiniceland

  Hello Everyone I am running Linux and I have some basic console knowledge but my current problem is quite difficult and I dont know how to achieve this. I want/need to rename everything within a folder that matches a given string. By everything I mean folders/files content within a file content in hidden files Basically I want to refactor a Java-project. Sure, I could use Eclipse to handle the replacing, but this leaves out the folders or resources outside of my workspace. I was thinking of a script that could do the job for me but this seems rather tricky. For instance when it comes to folder-/file-rename I want to replace only the part of the name that matches my string, the rest should remain untouched. Maybe someone already has something like this in his/her script-collection :-) Thanks in advance Marc

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• Virtual Hosting in RHEL5

  - by Kumar P

  We having RHEL5 linux server with few windows xp clients. We providing web development in php. Now my developers as for common local php server for keep their projects in same place. Currently proxy server and samba sharing are running in RHEL5 server. I installed httpd,php,MySQL in server. And i would like to configure virtual hosting too for LAN. What i want do for it ? In server we have 2 Ethernet ports, 1 for local connection and another one for Internet. Internet provided by ADSL provider. (192.168.0.0 series for ADSL modem connection and 10.1.1.0 for LAN connection. If i want to use virtual hosting , am i want to setup local DNS server ? My requirements are, setup php with mySQL server for Local clients with multiple hosting , without disturbing proxy and samba. Help me to solve it.

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• Kernel appears to have no modules

  - by George Reith

  Useful info: OS: CentOS 5.8 final Kernel: 2.6.32-042stab056.8 My kernel came prebuilt with the server, I don't know anything about kernels and not a lot about linux however as far as I do know I should have some modules loaded by the kernel. I came across this problem because I am unable to run iscsi as it is expecting certain modules to be loaded. lsmod returns nothing. depmod -a returns: WARNING: Couldn't open directory /lib/modules/2.6.32-042stab056.8: No such file or directory FATAL: Could not open /lib/modules/2.6.32-042stab056.8/modules.dep.temp for writing: No such file or directory I have rebooted and nothing has changed. Does anyone know why this is happening?

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• fail2ban on server with LXC Containers

  - by RoboTamer

  The issue is modprobe and iptables don't work inside an LXC Container. LXC is the userspace control package for Linux Containers, a lightweight virtual system mechanism sometimes described as “chroot on steroids”. iptables error inside the container is: # iptables -I INPUT -s 122.129.126.194 -j DROP > iptables v1.4.8: can't initialize iptables table `filter': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?) Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded. I am guessing that it can't work because the LXC containers share one kernel, the main server kernel. How do I do fail2ban in this case. modprobe and iptables work in the main server so I could install it there and link to the logfiles somehow, my guess? Any suggestions?

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• breaking mdadm raid and moving to NTFS

  - by daveyt

  I'm running Ubuntu 8 something and my data is on a mirrored pair of 1TB disks formatted as ext3, and the RAID is via mdadm. I want to move to Windows 7 (yeah yeah I know but Linux aint doing it for me at the moment) and migrate the disks to NTFS. My plan is: Break the MDADM RAID (by failing one disk logically) Format the 'failed' disk as NTFS Copy data from the RAID array to the NTFS disk (dont care about perms) Install Windows, (new separate non RAid disk) and my data disk is available. I've researched this and it seems the easiest way. I dont have another disk to back up to so I think this is my only way. Can anyone see a better/easier way?

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• Can't figure out how to make Slitaz USB persistent

  - by Dennis Hodapp

  I installed Slitaz on my USB. However I can't figure out how to make it persistent automatically. There are different sources telling me different ways to make it persistent. One told me to add "slitaz home=usb" to the syslinux.cfg file like this: append initrd=/boot/rootfs.gz rw root=/dev/null vga=normal autologin slitaz home=usb but it didn't work for me. http://www.slitaz.org/en/doc/handbook/liveusb.html gave an example of how to do it manually but I didn't try it and I also want it to happen automatically. custompc.co.uk/features/602451/make-any-pc-your-own-with-linux-on-a-usb-key.html is an older article that also explains how to make the USB persistent but I don't want to try it cause it looks outdated (from 2008) does anyone know the best way to make the USB automatically persistent?

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• setting up bridged adapter for VPN server

  - by B. VB.

  I have an Ubuntu linux Linode server that I am trying to install OpenVPN on. I'm following the tutorials (which, it turns out, are quite incomplete). auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 192.168.0.10 network 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255 gateway 192.168.0.1 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_fd 9 bridge_hello 2 bridge_maxage 12 bridge_stp off When I add this chunk in my /etc/network/interfaces, and I restart networking, my eth0 interface does not have an IP and I cannot get on the network (I need to use a buggy, slow, and annoying AJAX term to do damage repair). Why does adding this screw everything up? Any tips on how to set up this bridged adapter?? Thanks in advance!

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• Wine not finding some files

  - by Levans

  I'm having strange issues with Wine : If I look a C:\windows\system32\drivers\ in wine explorer, the directory looks empty, while the directory ~/.wine/drive_c/windows/system32/drivers is not. Plus, having the H: drive mapped to my home directory, I can look at H:\.wine\drive_c\windows\system32\drivers and it is not empty, the files are here ! Thus it seems Wine has the rights to access these files. So why don't they appear on the C: drive ? Some of my programs need them. I'm using Gentoo Linux, and Wine is version 1.7.0 compiled with these useflags (from eix) : X alsa cups fontconfig gecko jpeg lcms ldap mono mp3 ncurses nls openal opengl perl png prelink run-exes ssl threads truetype udisks xcomposite xinerama xml -capi -custom-cflags -dos -gphoto2 -gsm -gstreamer -odbc -opencl -osmesa -oss -pulseaudio -samba -scanner -selinux -test -v4l ABI_MIPS="-n32 -n64 -o32" ABI_X86="32 64 -x32" ELIBC="glibc" EDIT: I just updated to wine 1.7.4 and nothing changed.

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• VMware Server guest systems are extremely slow with IO load on host (Ubuntu 8.04)

  - by Dennis G.

  We are experiencing performance issues with a VMware Server 2.x installation on an Ubuntu 8.04 host. When the host system is generating IO load (for example, copying large files as part of a backup operation), the guests (also Ubuntu 8.04) become extremely unresponsive and slow (simple Apache HTTP requests taking 5 seconds instead of the usual 200ms). We tried optimizing various aspects of the VMs, but the issue remains. Is there a known bug with VMware performance under linux if host IO load is high? Is there a way to fix this? Is this only an issue with Ubuntu systems, or have you seen it on other systems before? Thanks!

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• Windows 7 wake from sleep and UTC?

  - by Joshua Elliott

  I've been having problems with windows 7 waking from sleep after one minute or so on my laptop. I also have ArchLinux installed on this computer. A while back I tried a registry tweak to get windows to use UTC so it would play nice with Linux. The registry tweak didn't seem to work and my windows clock was always wrong. Today I deleted the registry entry that I added, and the problem with sleeping seemed to go away. Can anyone make sense of this? The registry entry I added was: [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation] "RealTimeIsUniversal"=dword:00000001

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• KDE doesn't start up anything else

  - by Shane

  I just installed KDE under Arch Linux. Problem is, nothing is starting up right with it - no window manager, no panels, nothing. All I get is a small terminal window in the bottom right corner of the screen, which I'm assuming is konsole. From that single window I can do things like start kwin or launch programs whose names I happen to know (like chromium or firefox), but I don't have a panel for starting programs or switching between programs. It doesn't matter whether I start kdm through inittab or manually by typing # /etc/rc.d/kdm start. KDM looks great, but once I log in as my normal user I just get a console window with no decoration. Is there a startup script for KDE somewhere that needs to run, and usually has a bunch of programs by default - like a window manager, panels, widgets, and all the normal background programs that run in an ordinary GUI? If so, how can I "restore" the default behavior?

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• Are there any command line utilities which can calculate and/or limit how fast a pipe is running?

  - by stsquad

  I'm doing some basic stress testing of a Linux kernel network IWF with netcat. The set-up is fairly simple. On the target side: nc -l -p 10000 > /dev/null And on my desktop I was running: cat /dev/urandom | nc 192.168.0.20 10000 I'm using urandom for some poor-mans fuzz testing. However I find that even at this rate I can break something quite quickly. EDIT So I've been playing with trickle to rate limit how fast I'm generating data: cat /dev/urandom | trickle -u 10 nc 192.168.0.20 10000 But it's hard to tell if this is working. What would be really useful is a the pv equivilent of trickle that can work with pipes.

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• Virtual OS using same Wallpaper as Host

  - by Jeff

  Greetings, I'm running a guest Linux OS on top of Windows XP, which rotates its wallpapers using the PowerToy Wallpaper Changer. I'm hoping for a way for my guest OS to somehow detect which wallpaper the host is using, and automatically switch to it. Why? Because if I run my guest OS in seamless mode and have transparent windows, I want the transparent background to match the host OS. It looks nice that way :). A couple tidbits of relevant information: Guest OS is Peppermint Ice (Ubuntu based) Host OS is Windows XP VirtualBox as virtualization software I realize this is somewhat breaking borders between the host and the guest, but I want my pretty rotating wallpaper! I'm guessing there is a way using scripts and shared folders or something similar, if not by means of just querying the host OS.

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• How to deny access to disabled AD accounts via kerberos in pam_krb5?

  - by Phil

  I have a working AD/Linux/LDAP/KRB5 directory and authentication setup, with one small problem. When an account is disabled, SSH publickey authentication still allows user login. It's clear that kerberos clients can identify a disabled account, as kinit and kpasswd return "Clients credentials have been revoked" with no further password / interaction. Can PAM be configured (with "UsePAM yes" in sshd_config) to disallow logins for disabled accounts, where authentication is done by publickey? This doesn't seem to work: account [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore] pam_krb5.so Please don't introduce winbind in your answer - we don't use it.

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• Plesk directory structure problems

  - by johnnietheblack

  I have an entire website with the following directory structure: /example.com /html (public) /css /js index.php /lib session.php other_lib_files.php /views index.php /models /controllers As illustrated, the html is public, and anything above it is private. My site now needs to upgrade servers, and the new server (Linux w/ Plesk) has the following structure (reduced to the problematic parts below): /myplesksite.com /httpdocs /css /js index.php /private /lib /models /views What I would THINK is that I should be able to put my /lib, /views, /models, etc in the directory directly above /httpdocs, the same way I had it in my previous server. Is that possible? Or do I have to put it in private? I would really love not to have to adjust my internal paths throughout the site if not necessary...

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