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  • python: strange behavior about exec statement

    - by ifocus
    exec statement: exec code [ in globals[, locals]] When I execute the following code in python, the result really confused me. Some of the variables were setup into the globals, some were setup into the locals. s = """ # test var define int_v1 = 1 list_v1 = [1, 2, 3] dict_v1 = {1: 'hello', 2:'world', 3:'!'} # test built-in function list_v2 = [float(x) for x in list_v1] len_list_v1 = len(list_v1) # test function define def func(): global g_var, list_v1, dict_v1 print 'access var in globals:' print g_var print 'access var in locals:' for x in list_v1: print dict_v1[x] """ g = {'__builtins__': __builtins__, 'g_var': 'global'} l = {} exec s in g, l print 'globals:', g print 'locals:', l exec 'func()' in g, l the result in python2.6.5: globals: {'__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, 'dict_v1': {1: 'hello', 2: 'world', 3: '!'}, 'g_var': 'global', 'list_v1': [1, 2, 3]} locals: {'int_v1': 1, 'func': <function func at 0x00ACA270>, 'x': 3, 'len_list_v1': 3, 'list_v2': [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]} access var in globals: global access var in locals: hello world ! And if I want to setup all variables and functions into the locals, and keep the rights of accessing the globals. How to do ?

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  • How to integrate access control with my ORM in a .net windows form application?

    - by Ying
    I am developing a general database query tools, a .Net 3.5 Windows Form application. In order to make the presentation layer is independent of the database layer. I use an ORM framework, XPO from DevExpress. But, I have no access control function built in. I surfed Internet and I found in WCF Data Services, there is an interesting concept, Interceptor, which is following AOP(Aspect Oriented Programming). I am wondering who has such an experience to build access control in ORM. My basic requirement is : It should be a general method and controlled by users in runtime. So any hard coding is not acceptable. It could be based on attribute, database table, or even an external assembly. I am willing to buy a ready solution. According to the idea of AOP, an access control function can be integrated with existing functions easily and nearly not knowingly to the previous developer;) Any suggestions are welcome.

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  • What is the most useful R trick?

    - by Dirk Eddelbuettel
    In order to share some more tips and tricks for R, what is you single-most useful feature or trick? Clever vectorization? Data input/output? Visualization and graphics? Statistical analysis? Special functions? The interactive environment itself? One item per post, and we will see if we get a winner by means of votes. [Edit 25-Aug 2008]: So after one week, it seems that the simple str() won the poll. As I like to recommend that one myself, it is an easy answer to accept.

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  • In Python, how to use a C++ function which returns an allocated array of structs via a ** parameter?

    - by Jon-Eric
    I'd like to use some existing C++ code, NvTriStrip, in a Python tool. SWIG easily handles the functions with simple parameters, but the main function, GenerateStrips, is much more complicated. What do I need to put in the SWIG interface file to indicate that primGroups is really an output parameter and that it must be cleaned up with delete[]? /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // GenerateStrips() // // in_indices: input index list, the indices you would use to render // in_numIndices: number of entries in in_indices // primGroups: array of optimized/stripified PrimitiveGroups // numGroups: number of groups returned // // Be sure to call delete[] on the returned primGroups to avoid leaking mem // bool GenerateStrips( const unsigned short* in_indices, const unsigned int in_numIndices, PrimitiveGroup** primGroups, unsigned short* numGroups, bool validateEnabled = false ); FYI, here is the PrimitiveGroup declaration: enum PrimType { PT_LIST, PT_STRIP, PT_FAN }; struct PrimitiveGroup { PrimType type; unsigned int numIndices; unsigned short* indices; PrimitiveGroup() : type(PT_STRIP), numIndices(0), indices(NULL) {} ~PrimitiveGroup() { if(indices) delete[] indices; indices = NULL; } };

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  • What does static linking against a library actually do?

    - by Salgar
    Say I had a library called libfoo which contained a class, a few static variables, possibly something with 'C' linkage, and a few other functions. Now I have a main program which looks like this: int main() { return 5+5; } When I compile and link this, I link against libfoo. Will this have any effect? Will my executable increase in size? If so, why? Do the static variables or their addresses get copied into my executable? Apologies if there is a similar question to this or if I'm being particularly stupid in any way.

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  • Generating random numbers in C

    - by moonstruckhorrors
    While searching for Tutorials on generating random numbers in C I found This Topic When I try to use the rand() function with parameters, I always get the random number generated 0. When I try to use the rand() function with parameters, I always get the value 41. And whenever I try to use arc4random() and random() functions, I get a LNK2019 error. Here's what I'm doing: #include <stdlib.h> int main() { int x; x = rand(6); printf("%d", x); } This code always generate 41. Where am I going wrong?? P.S. : I'm running Windows XP SP3 and using VS2010 Command Prompt as compiler. P.P.S. : Took me 15 minutes to learn how to format properly.

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  • What are Class methods in Python for?

    - by Dave Webb
    I'm teaching myself Python and my most recent lesson was that Python is not Java, and so I've just spent a while turning all my Class methods into functions. I now realise that I don't need to use Class methods for what I would done with static methods in Java, but now I'm not sure when I would use them. All the advice I can find about Python Class methods is along the lines of newbies like me should steer clear of them, and the standard documentation is at its most opaque when discussing them. Does anyone have a good example of using a Class method in Python or at least can someone tell me when Class methods can be sensibly used?

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  • how to control a embedded multiframe swf file?

    - by liuliu
    [Embed(source="data/fire.swf")] static public var movieFire:Class; I have some multiframe swf file and I want to have control of them. For example, I can use gotoandplay and gotoandstop functionality. I tried something like: var m:MovieClip = new movieFire() as MovieClip; but it turns out when I tried to get totalFrames, m.totalFrames, it gives me zero, and gotoand* functions don't work either. How can I correctly control the swf file embedded in actionsript 3.0 (No Flex component)?

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  • "Ambiguous template specialization" problem

    - by Setien
    I'm currently porting a heap of code that has previously only been compiled with Visual Studio 2008. In this code, there's an arrangement like this: template <typename T> T convert( const char * s ) { // slow catch-all std::istringstream is( s ); T ret; is >> ret; return ret; } template <> inline int convert<int>( const char * s ) { return (int)atoi( s ); } Generally, there are a lot of specializations of the templated function with different return types that are invoked like this: int i = convert<int>( szInt ); The problem is, that these template specializations result in "Ambiguous template specialization". If it was something besides the return type that differentiated these function specializations, I could obviously just use overloads, but that's not an option. How do I solve this without having to change all the places the convert functions are called?

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  • Other SecurityManager implementations available?

    - by mhaller
    Is there any other implementation (e.g. in an OSS project) of a Java SecurityManager available which has more features than the one in the JDK? I'm looking for features like configurable at runtime policies updateable at runtime, read from other data sources than a security.policy file Thread-aware, e.g. different policies per Thread Higher-level policies, e.g. "Disable network functions, but allow JDBC traffic" Common predefined policies, e.g. "Allow read-access to usual system properties like file.encoding or line.separator, but disallow read-access to user.home" Monitoring and audit trace logging, e.g. "Log all file access, log all network access going NOT to knownhost.example.org" Blocking jobs "requesting" a permission until an administrator grants permission, letting the thread/job continue ... I'm pretty sure that application servers (at least the commercial ones) have their own SecurityManager implementation or at least their own policy configuration. I'm wondering if there is any free project with similar requirements.

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  • Why the macros in Objective-C / Cocoa?

    - by Joe
    I'm coming from a place without macros (Java/Python/C#/Scala) so perhaps my perspective is distorted but... Why are macros used in Cocoa? Two that spring to mind are NSLocalizedString and NSAssert (and STAssert). Would it be so hard / unsuitable to make them functions (which could be inlined)? I suppose I find them a little bizarre as an unnecessary throw-back to C (and yes, I am familiar with the pedigree of Obj-C). Is it just something that was done back in the day or is there a specific reason?

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  • Can I make valgrind ignore glibc libraries?

    - by Jack
    Is it possible to tell valgrind to ignore some set of libraries? Specifically glibc libraries.. Actual Problem: I have some code that runs fine in normal execution. No leaks etc. When I try to run it through valgrind, I get core dumps and program restarts/stops. Core usually points to glibc functions (usually fseek, mutex etc). I understand that there might be some issue with incompatible glibc / valgrind version. I tried various valgrind releases and glibc versions but no luck. Any suggestions?

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  • fHow can I get Opera speed-dial and password management features in other browsers?

    - by Howard Guo
    I heavily rely on Opera's speed dial and password management features. Lack of these two features is really stopping me from switching to another web browser such as Chrome or Firefox. Opera's password management has two unique characteristics which I rely on heavily: It saves passwords on all pages, (apparently) despite the page's meta data asking not to save passwords. It offers keyboard shortcut and button to automatically fill in username/passwords and all other fields in a login form, then automatically submit the form. How can I get those functions in other browsers? Thank you!

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  • Best solution for language documentation.

    - by Simone Margaritelli
    I'm developing a new object oriented scripting language and the project itself is quite ready for audience now, so i'm starting to think about a serious (not as "drafty" as it is right now) way of document its grammar, functions from standard library and standard library classes. I've looked a bit around and almost every language hash its own web application for the documentation, Python uses Sphinx for instance. Which is the best PHP (don't have the time/will to install mod_who_knows_what on my server) application to accomplish this? I've used mediawiki a bit but i found its tag system a little bit hard to use in this context. Thanks for your answers.

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  • When a template is rendered in template tag code, MEDIA_URL is not in context

    - by culebrón
    I want to use a template for 2 template tags. In the template, I used {{ MEDIA_URL }} and discovered that MEDIA_URL is not in context as expected. Had to use get_config and pass it manually. Why is the setting not in context, how else can I put it there, or maybe there's a better way that a template tag? (include, etc?) from django.template import Library from apps.annoying.functions import get_config from django.template.loader import render_to_string register = Library() @register.simple_tag def next_in_gallery(photo, gallery): next = photo.get_next_in_gallery(gallery) return make_arrow('right', next) @register.simple_tag def previous_in_gallery(photo, gallery): prev = photo.get_previous_in_gallery(gallery) return make_arrow('left', prev) def make_arrow(direction, object): return render_to_string('myapp/arrow.html', {'direction': direction, 'object': object, 'MEDIA_URL': get_config('MEDIA_URL', '')})

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  • Avoid the use of loops (for) with R

    - by albergali
    Hi, I'm working with R and I have a code like this: i<-1 j<-1 for (i in 1:10) for (j in 1:100) if (data[i] == paths[j,1]) cluster[i,4] <- paths[j,2] where : data is a vector with 100 rows and 1 column paths is a matrix with 100 rows and 5 columns cluster is a matrix with 100 rows and 5 columns My question is: how could I avoid the use of "for" loops to iterate through the matrix? I don't know whether apply functions (lapply, tapply...) are useful in this case. This is a problem when j=10000 for example, because execution time is very long. Thank you

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  • sqlplus remove \r \n \t from spool

    - by Tom
    Hi all, Is there any sql*plus command to remove \r \n and\t from the result set that's going out to the spool file? That is, "trim" every record? We've used set trim on in the past, but it doesn't seem to bue what we need right now. I'm trying to avoid calling oracle's translate, chr functions in the sql query. For example, If my query returns this |DATA| |\n \t\t\t\t\t thisistheactualdata \t\t\t\t\t\t\n| I'd like to keep this |DATA| |thisistheactualdata| Thanks in advance.

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  • Looking for a C# code parser

    - by Blindy
    I'm looking for a set of classes (preferably in the .net framework) that will parse C# code and return a list of functions with parameters, classes with their methods, properties etc. Ideally it would provide all that's needed to build my own intellisense. I have a feeling something like this should be in the .net framework, given all the reflection stuff they offer, but if not then an open source alternative is good enough. What I'm trying to build is basically something like Snippet Compiler, but with a twist. I'm trying to figure out how to get the code dom first. I tried googling for this but I'm not sure what the correct term for this is so I came up empty.

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  • Generator speed in python 3

    - by Will
    Hello all, I am going through a link about generators that someone posted. In the beginning he compares the two functions below. On his setup he showed a speed increase of 5% with the generator. I'm running windows XP, python 3.1.1, and cannot seem to duplicate the results. I keep showing the "old way"(logs1) as being slightly faster when tested with the provided logs and up to 1GB of duplicated data. Can someone help me understand whats happening differently? Thanks! def logs1(): wwwlog = open("big-access-log") total = 0 for line in wwwlog: bytestr = line.rsplit(None,1)[1] if bytestr != '-': total += int(bytestr) return total def logs2(): wwwlog = open("big-access-log") bytecolumn = (line.rsplit(None,1)[1] for line in wwwlog) getbytes = (int(x) for x in bytecolumn if x != '-') return sum(getbytes)

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  • What is the easiest way to loop through a folder of files in C#?

    - by badpanda
    I am new to C# and am trying to write a program that navigates the local file system using a config file containing relevant filepaths. My question is this: What are the best practices to use when performing file I/O (this will be from the desktop app to a server and back) and file system navigation in C#? I know how to google, and I have found several solutions, but I would like to know which of the various functions is most robust and flexible. As well, if anyone has any tips regarding exception handling for C# file I/O that would also be very helpful. Thanks!!! badPanda

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  • Pass Types as arguments to a function in Haskell?

    - by Charles Peng
    The following two functions are extremely similar. They read from a [String] n elements, either [Int] or [Float]. How can I factor the common code out? I don't know of any mechanism in Haskell that supports passing types as arguments. readInts n stream = foldl next ([], stream) [1..n] where next (lst, x:xs) _ = (lst ++ [v], xs) where v = read x :: Int readFloats n stream = foldl next ([], stream) [1..n] where next (lst, x:xs) _ = (lst ++ [v], xs) where v = read x :: Float I am at a beginner level of Haskell, so any comments on my code are welcome.

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  • How do Ruby and Python implement their interactive consoles?

    - by sxa
    When implementing the interpreter for my programming language I first thought of a simple console window which allows the user to enter some code which is then executed as a standalone program as a shell. But there are severe problems: If every line of code the user enters is handled as a standalone program, it has to go through the tokenizer and parser and is then just executed by the interpreter - what about functions then? How can the Python/Ruby interactive consoles (IDLE, irb) "share" the code? How is the code entered handled? Example: >> def x: >> print("Blah") >> >> x() Where is the function stored so it can be called at any time again? How can the interactive console take everything entered as obviously one program without executing everything over and over again?

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  • Is there any Prototype Javascript function similar to Jquery Live to trace dynamic dom elements?

    - by Wbdvlpr
    Hi Event.observe(window,"load",function() { $$(".elem_classs").findAll(function(node){ return node.getAttribute('title'); }).each(function(node){ new Tooltip(node,node.title); node.removeAttribute("title"); }); }); Using above method, I can retrieve all elements having ".elem_class" and apply some javascript functions on them. But I have a modal/popup box which has some elements also having ".elem_class" and these dont get in the scope of findAll/each as they are loaded into the dom thru ajax. How do I apply the same to dynamically loaded elements as well? I am using Prototype Library. (I have used JQuery's Live function which keeps track of all future elements, but need to achieve something similar using Prototype) Thanks.

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  • why do i lose my hidden field value?

    - by user517406
    Hi, I have some hidden fields on my page, all of which work fine apart from one. I am setting the value in document.ready, before calling buildGrid() : $(document).ready(function() { $.ajax( { type: "POST", url: "/CDServices.asmx/GetWeekEndingDates", data: "{}", dataType: "json", contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", success: function(msg) { //store default dates in hidden fields $("#<%=hdnCurrentDate.ClientID%>").val(msg.d.CurrentDate); $("#<%=hdnLastWeekEndingDate.ClientID%>").val(msg.d.LastWeekEndingDate); } }); buildGrid(); }); Yet in buildGrid, the value in the hidden field is empty : function buildGrid() { alert($("#<%=hdnLastWeekEndingDate.ClientID%>").val()); I call other functions on button clicks where the hidden field value is picked up fine, why does the value disappear here?

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  • How to create digital signature that can not be used to reproduce the message twice

    - by freediver
    I am creating a client-server application and I'd like to send data from server to client securely. Using public/private key algorithms makes sense and in PHP we can use openssl_sign and openssl_verify functions to check that the data came by someone who has the private key. Now imagine that one of the actions sent by server to client is destructive in nature. If somebody uses an HTTP sniffer to catch this command (which will be signed properly) how can I further protect the communication to ensure that only commands coming from our server get processed by the client? I was thinking about using current UTC time as part of the encrypted data but client time might be off. Is there a simple solution to the problem?

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