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• syslog ip ranges to specific files using `rsyslog`

  - by Mike Pennington

  I have many Cisco / JunOS routers and switches that send logs to my Debian server, which uses rsyslogd. How can I configure rsyslogd to send these router / switch logs to a specific file, based on their source IP address? I do not want to pollute general system logs with these entries. For instance: all routers in Chicago (source ip block: 172.17.25.0/24) to only log to /var/log/net/chicago. all routers in Dallas (source ip block 172.17.27.0/24) to only log to /var/log/net/dallas. Finally, these logs should be rotated daily for up to 30 days and compressed. NOTE: I am answering my own question

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• How to configure autofs5 timeout on per-filesystem basis?

  - by Norman Ramsey

  Because of a show-stopping bug in Debian autofs 4, I just upgraded to autofs5. It is not honoring the timeout option in my auto.master file: /var/autofs/removable /etc/auto.removable --timeout=2 I use this map for thumb drives and so on; I don't want a general default timeout of 2 seconds. I did some digging and although the --timeout option worked in autofs 4, and it appears in some examples on the Web, it is not actually sanctioned (or even mentioned) in the documentation for the auto.master file. So I don't feel I can report the problem as a bug. How can I get autofs5 to timeout after 2 seconds only on designated filesystems? Update: I am using a Debian-packaged autofs5, version 5.0.4-3.2.

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• HPC Cluster planning workflow?

  - by Veronica

  After three days of intensive Google searching, I have not found any high-level workflow of how to build a low profile - cheap - computing cluster (we are not interested in HA yet). This is just a front-end plus a node for now. We want to start small with rockscluster, provide a web-based server for offering services, and then add nodes as our budget increases. We're small company, so we haven't enough human resources to implement it smoothly. Here are some facts about our environment: Our hardware is not constant (we will add nodes). Our workload will vary (in the order from 200Mb - 1Tb) Our software will change (scientific applications for data mining) Do you know any visual workflow, worksheet, chart, describing the general necessary steps to begin our cluster planning?

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• How to get ~/foo from /home/user1/foo?

  - by Claudius

  The Bash prompt supports the \w escape sequence, documented as \w the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde (uses the value of the PROMPT_DIRTRIM variable) Is there any way to get a similar abbreviation for an arbitrary string? That is, is there a general command that does something like the following, provided that HOME=/home/user1 /home/user1 ? ~ /home/user1/a/1 ? ~/a/1 /home/user2/b/2 ? ~user2/b/2 /root ? ~root Sure, I could try something ugly with sed, but that is unlikely to give me the result I want in any case. :-) The movitation behind this is that I would like to keep the titles in the tabs of my terminals as short as possible, hence abbreviate working directories where possible.

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• Options for PCI-DSS on AWS - file integrity monitoring and intrusion detection

  - by Brill Pappin

  I need to deploy some file integrity monitoring and intrusion detections software on AWS instances. I really wanted to use OSSEC, however it does not work well in an environment where servers can auto deploy and shut down based on load, because it requires server managed keys to be generated. Including the agent in the AMI will not allow monitoring as soon as it comes up because of that. There are many options out there, and several are listed in other posts on this site, however none that I've seen so far deal with the unique problems inherent in AWS or cloud based deployments in general. Can anyone point me at some products, preferably open source, that we might use to cover those portions of PCI DSS that require this software? Has anyone else achieved this on AWS?

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• Calling the LWRP from the Exception Handler

  - by Sarah Haskins

  Is it possible to call out to a Provider (LWRP) from a Chef Exception Handler? I think my Provider is out of scope, but I don't know if what I am trying to do is possible? or advisable? Here is my provider code (cookbooks/config/provider/signal.rb): action :failure do Chef::Log.info("Yeah success") end Here is my exception handler code (exception_handler/handlers/exceptionHandler.rb): require 'chef/handler' config_signal "signal" do action :nothing end class Chef class Handler class LogCollector < Chef::Handler notifies :failure, resources(:config_signal => signal) end end end Also, if anyone has a good recommendation for general reading about scope in the context of Chef I'd appreciate it.

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• Wireless DHCP doesn't work until wired Ethernet plugged in

  - by MT_Head

  A client of mine has an Asus R1F tablet running Windows XP Tablet SP3. It has an Intel 3945ABG wireless card; wired Ethernet is a Realtek something-or-other. In the past few days, it's developed an odd problem: WiFi authenticates, but can't get an address via DHCP. plug in wired Ethernet - both interfaces get good addresses unplug cable, WiFi continues to work until shutdown. Next morning, repeat process. I've tried: turning WiFi off/on (there's a slider switch) disabling/re-enabling via Device Mangler uninstalling and reinstalling the driver for the 3945ABG... changing from Intel Pro/SET to Windows Wireless Zero Config (and back) restarting the router changing the static DHCP assignments at the router upgrading the router firmware, just on general principles The router/access point is pfSense 1.2.3RC1 (was 1.2.2); wireless card is Atheros-based. None of the 12 other users (5 with tablets) are having problems.

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• Is a matching entry in /etc/hosts required for hostname?

  - by JohnWoltman

  I was installing a Tomcat webapp that refused to work until I stumbled on someone else's issue with an unrelated product. The solution was to add the machine's name to /etc/hosts, to match the name returned by hostname. Is this required for general Linux networking to function correctly? My webapp is running in a virtual machine so that I can test the webapp, and I don't normally bother with the /etc/hosts file on VMs. I just shook my fist and cursed Tomcat and webapp's behavior. I read http://serverfault.com/questions/118823, but that doesn't say if it's required or not.

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• Use one home directory for more than one operating system

  - by Just Jake

  I want to configure the same user account across multiple operating systems. Right now, I'm set up for general use in Mac OS 10.6.6 "Snow Leopard," and I have about 200gb of files in my home directory (/Users/justjake/). I want to use this user (and home directory) for other operating systems on other partitions. For example, I have Mac OS 10.5 installed on a 12gb partition. How can I share permissions, user accounts across my two operating systems? Would moving the my /Users directory from 10.6 to it's own partition then mounting it using /etc/fstab solve my issue?

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• Which iptables rule do you think is a 'must have'

  - by Saif Bechan

  I have some basic iptable rules set up now for my vps. Just block everything except some default ports, 80,21,22,443. I do get brute forced a lot. I have heard that iptables is very powerful but I have not seen many use cases. Can you give me an example of a(some) rule(s) you always use and give a small example why. I can not find a general best practice post here on SF, if there is any I would like the link. If this is a duplicate I am sorry and it can be closed.

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• Solaris TCP/IP performance tuning

  - by Andy Faibishenko

  I am trying to tune a high message traffic system running on Solaris. The architecture is a large number (600) of clients which connect via TCP to a big Solaris server and then send/receive relatively small messages (.5 to 1K payload) at high rates. The goal is to minimize the latency of each message processed. I suspect that the TCP stack of the server is getting overwhelmed by all the traffic. What are some commands/metrics that I can use to confirm this, and in case this is true, what is the best way to alleviate this bottleneck? PS I posted this on StackOverflow originally. One person suggested snoop and dtrace. dtrace seems pretty general - are there any additional pointers on how to use it to diagnose TCP issues?

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• How complex of a daemon should be run through inetd?

  - by amphetamachine

  What is the general rule for which daemons should be started up through inetd? Currently, on my server, sshd, apache and sendmail are set up to run all the time, where simple *NIX services are set up to be started by inetd. I'm the only one who uses ssh on my computer, and break-in attempts aren't a problem because I have it running on a non-standard port, and my HTTP server gets maybe 5 hits a day that aren't GoogleBot. My question is, what are the benefits vs. the performance hits associated with running a complex daemon like sshd or apache through superserver, and what, if any successes or failures have you had running your own daemons in this manner?

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• Block p2p downloading in my office?

  - by Andrew

  I work in an education office in a third world country. We pay for internet by the megabyte (no other choice) and have lately been using an incredible amount of bandwidth. This is because the office staff have found out about p2p sharing. As far as I know, Limewire is the only program they're using, but I'm sure it's just a matter of time before they discover the more general world of bittorrent. Using only a linksys router (that I could flash), is there any way for me prevent the office from destroying our bandwidth cap by downloading personal items (against policy). Even semi-fixes would be better than nothing.

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• iis 7.0 output caching

  - by george9170

  My company is serving up deep-zoom maps. We have 100'000s jpg images being served up and was wondering if output caching would be the way to go. Our problem is latency on serving the images. I was wondering if i output caching would indeed improve latency and a general explanation about output caching. I have visisted http://blogs.iis.net/bills/archive/2007/05/02/iis7-output-caching-for-dynamic-content-dramatically-speed-up-your-asp-and-php-applications.aspx and was wondering if there are any other good sites to look at. thank you very much.

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• Winamp question: I want to search through my songs by which playlists they're sorted into

  - by Daddy Warbox

  I'm trying to think of a way to do this. I sort my songs into a variety of playlists corresponding to different 'moods' I might have, but some songs fit for more than one kind of mood (e.g. a techno song might be 'stylish' and 'surreal', or something to that effect). I also give them different star ratings for a general sort of opinion about them. I want to be able to filter my media library by moods I want or don't want, as well as by star rating. Anyone have a good way to do something like this? Alternatively, is there a way to 'tag' my songs by mood and then search up by those tags? because then I could just dump the queried results into playlists as needed. Thanks in advance.

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• Connect to development server via switch?

  - by letseatfood

  I apologize upfront if this isn't appropriate for superuser. I asked it on serverfault and was told it was too general for that site. I have a laptop with Vista and it receives it's internet connection wireless. I have an old desktop with Ubuntu 10.04 Server Edition installed and it is setup as a development server with Apache, MySQL, and PHP. This works well, with the server having a static IP address. The server is connected to the router via an Ethernet cable. Is it possible to disconnect the cable that is currently connecting the server and the router, then connect the server and workstation to a switch, so that I am still able to connect to the server via web browser from the workstation? I am trying to eliminate the long ethernet cable connecting the server to the router in the other room. I already have a switch, that is why I asked specifically about it. Thanks and I will be more than happy to clarify!

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• Installing Collective Access

  - by Michele

  I am VERY new to installing any type of server program and to running any opensource type software in general. I am running Windows Server 2008R2. I want to install Collective Access to run locally only on my Intranet at home. So my host is localhost I sucessfully installed PHP and MYSQL. I installed CA in this directory C:/inetpub/wwwroot/collectiveaccess. 1st. I do not want to send mail through collective access. Will it install without all the email information? Can I comment those requirements out in the global config and setup.php file? 2nd I am getting the error. Configuration file is missing for hostname 'localhost' this is what I have in the set up file: define("CA_WEB_ROOT_DIR", "c:inetpub/wwwroot"); define("CA_URL_ROOT", "/collectiveaccess"); define("CA_SITE_HOSTNAME", "localhost"); define("CA_DB_HOST", 'localhost');

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• CentOS Vs Windows Server 2008

  - by Steve

  Hi, Apologies if the question appears ambiguous, I have little experience in this area and was after some informed opinions. I am deploying a test scenario of a server/client network and need to make some choices for Server. The client will be a Windows system as it meets the requirements for the client, the server choice has more room for selection. From my experience with Linux in general and the appealing nature of open source for low cost, security etc and the availability and performance of database and web server programs I have been considering CentOS as a server choice. I have the ability to make most of the choices of what software / server packages I wish to install. This includes Active Directory (something I have no experience with). How well does this operate with Windows clients? Am I being too selective and creating unnecessary complication by setting out not to use a Windows Server OS?

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• Two Routers, Two Internet (1 Open, 1 PPTP) - Routing?

  - by SomeUser

  Hi there, I'm trying to setup two routers - one to route specific sites to a always-on PPTP VPN connection, the other for open internet access w/ firewall. First router is connected to Internet w/ built-in firewall. Second router is connected to a PPTP VPN connection. I was going to connect a wire between the routers and would like some insight on how to get both groups of systems (connected to each router) to talk between automatically. Even better would be to setup one gateway for certain sites and another for general Internet. The other option is to default all sites to the net and shoot others to the gateway or vice versa... Any insight so I can get a better grasp of this? Thanks!

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• Keep lan connection alive while going to sleep

  - by user18151

  Is it possible to keep lan connection alive when going to sleep? Although I would like a laptop independent(in general) answer, my laptop is Thinkpad T500 and the power manager shows in PCI options, the following three option regarding saving link state power: Off, moderate, maximum. Also instant resume apparently does something different, so that isn't much help either. I'm on Windows-7. Here's why: I'm a student, and currently I keep my laptop on almost all the time, but sometimes I sleep it and then I require to check something, so I turn it on. But then internet starts in at least a minute. So I avoid even putting it to sleep. I want that the internet connection should persist, so that I can put it to sleep to avoid power consumption.

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• How to install GNOME desktop from DVD on CentOS 6 using the command line?

  - by alwbtc

  I have installed CentOS 6 in Virtualbox. Although I have chosen to install General Purpose GNOME Desktop, the GNOME desktop does not start. All I get is a black and white text prompt. I would like to know how I can install GNOME Desktop from the CentOS DVD. How do I mount the DVD image? How do I install GNOME desktop from command line? If I already have the GNOME Desktop installed, why doesn't it start? How can I check from command line that I have GNOME installled? This virtual machine does not have internet connection, that's why I want to install the GNOME Desktop from DVD.

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• A website hosted on the 1.0.0.0/8 subnet, somewhere on the Internet?

  - by Dave Markle

  Background I'm attempting to demonstrate, using a real-world example, of why someone would not want to configure their internal network on the 1.0.0.0/8 subnet. Obviously it's because this is not designated as private address space. As of 2010, ARIN has apparently allocated 1.0.0.0/8 to APNIC (the Asia-Pacific NIC), who seems to have begun assigning addresses in that subnet, though not in 1.1.0.0/16, 1.0.0.0/16, and others (because these addresses are so polluted by bad network configurations all around the Internet). My Question My question is this: I'd like to find a website that responds on this subnet somewhere and use it as a counter-example, demonstrating to a non-technical user its inaccessibility from an internal network configured on 1.0.0.0/8. Other than writing a program to sniff all ~16 million hosts, looking for a response on port 80, does anyone know of a directory I can use, or even better yet, does anyone know of a site that's configured on this subnet? WHOIS seems to be too general of a search for me at this point...

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• Determining End of Line Delimiter

  - by Michael Merchant

  How do you verify what the delimiter for a file is? I'm using eclipse to edit a script file on my windows system that I use to deploy on my unix server. The script specifies file names and I'd like to be certain that eclipse is saving the files with unix end of line delimiters. I've set my preferences to use the Unix Line Delimiter on new files using: Window > Preferences > General > Workspace > "New text file line delimiter" And have changed my script file's line delimiter using. File -> Convert Line Delimiters To Is there a way (preferably with the eclipse IDE) to check that there is no "\r"?

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• Do virtual machines perform better on the host HDD or USB drive?

  - by Jeremy Ricketts

  The question I'm asking is kind of general, and I'll give more specifics about my specific setup. Here's the main question though: Do virtual machines generally perform better on the host HDD or is it better to operate them from an external disk? My specific setup: A Macbook Pro with a nearly full internal SATA drive that spins at 7200. On this system I'm running large programs like Photoshop and some other RAM-intense applications. I've dedicated 2 of my 8 gigs of RAM to my VMware Fusion virtual machine, which runs Windows 7 and Visual Studio, sits on the same drive. When that thing boots up, my system really starts crawling. I have an external USB (specifics of that drive are here) which I'm thinking about moving the VM to. Obviously a USB drive is slower than my internal HDD, but maybe having two operating systems using the same disk is WORSE than putting one of them on a separate (albiet slower) disk. This a bad idea?

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• How to generate an ASCII representation of a Unix file hierarchy?

  - by Jenn D.

  Hi, all. I'm looking for a quick and dirty way to generate some diagrams of some directories that have almost, but not exactly, the same hierarchy, so I can show them around at a meeting and we can decide which flavor we like best. I'm not interested in the "leaf" nodes, just the directories. The catch: I don't want to mess with X. This is a server system I deal with entirely through SSH. So I'm looking for something that will do ASCII layout, maybe with simple pipes-and-hyphens for lines or something. Does anyone know of such a utility? I'm sure I could write something myself, but it's such a fiddly little sort of project, with handling spacing and layout and such; I'd really like to discover that someone's done it for me. Alas, Google doesn't seem to know of such a thing...or if it does, it's hidden beneath heaps of excellent visual explications of the standard general Unix file hierarchy. Thanks!

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