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  • Is this iptables NAT exploitable from the external side?

    - by Karma Fusebox
    Could you please have a short look on this simple iptables/NAT-Setup, I believe it has a fairly serious security issue (due to being too simple). On this network there is one internet-connected machine (running Debian Squeeze/2.6.32-5 with iptables 1.4.8) acting as NAT/Gateway for the handful of clients in 192.168/24. The machine has two NICs: eth0: internet-faced eth1: LAN-faced, 192.168.0.1, the default GW for 192.168/24 Routing table is two-NICs-default without manual changes: Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 (externalNet) 0.0.0.0 255.255.252.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 (externalGW) 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 The NAT is then enabled only and merely by these actions, there are no more iptables rules: echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward /sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE # (all iptables policies are ACCEPT) This does the job, but I miss several things here which I believe could be a security issue: there is no restriction about allowed source interfaces or source networks at all there is no firewalling part such as: (set policies to DROP) /sbin/iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT And thus, the questions of my sleepless nights are: Is this NAT-service available to anyone in the world who sets this machine as his default gateway? I'd say yes it is, because there is nothing indicating that an incoming external connection (via eth0) should be handled any different than an incoming internal connection (via eth1) as long as the output-interface is eth0 - and routing-wise that holds true for both external und internal clients that want to access the internet. So if I am right, anyone could use this machine as open proxy by having his packets NATted here. So please tell me if that's right or why it is not. As a "hotfix" I have added a "-s 192.168.0.0/24" option to the NAT-starting command. I would like to know if not using this option was indeed a security issue or just irrelevant thanks to some mechanism I am not aware of. As the policies are all ACCEPT, there is currently no restriction on forwarding eth1 to eth0 (internal to external). But what are the effective implications of currently NOT having the restriction that only RELATED and ESTABLISHED states are forwarded from eth0 to eth1 (external to internal)? In other words, should I rather change the policies to DROP and apply the two "firewalling" rules I mentioned above or is the lack of them not affecting security? Thanks for clarification!

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  • How do I search my mail and Office Communicator conversations from inside Outlook?

    - by Anthony Mastrean
    I am running Office Communicator 2007 R2 and Outlook 2010 on a Microsoft Exchange Server 2010. I am storing my conversation history from Communicator in Exchange in the default folder, "Conversation History". I'm using the conversation view in Outlook. And I have a Gmail-like macro to archive my conversations to an "Archive" folder. I want to search all my mail and conversations at once. By default, Outlook is searching in the current folder only. I tried creating a rule to move the conversations to my Archive folder, but couldn't configure it correctly.

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  • Make mod_wsgi use python2.7.2 instead of python2.6?

    - by guron
    i am running Ubuntu 10.04.1 LTS and it came pre-packed with python2.6 but i need to replace it with python2.7.2. (The reason is simple, 2.7 has a lot of features backported from 3 ) i had installed python2.7.2 using ./configure make make altinstall the altinstall option installed it, without touching the system default version, to /usr/local/lib/python2.7 and placed the interpreter in /usr/local/bin/python2.7 Then to help mod_wsgi find python2.7 i added the following to /etc/apache2/sites-available/wsgisite WSGIPythonHome /usr/local i start apache and run a test wsgi app BUT i am greeted by python 2.6.5 and not Python2.7 Later i replaced the default python simlink to point to python 2.7 ln -f /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python Now typing 'python' on the console opens python2.7 but somehow mod_wsgi still picks up python2.6 Next i tried, PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH export PATH then do a quick restart apache, but yet again its python2.6 !! Here is my $PATH /usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games contents of /etc/apache2/sites-available/wsgisite WSGIPythonHome /usr/local <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName wsgitest.local DocumentRoot /home/wwwhost/pydocs/wsgi <Directory /home/wwwhost/pydocs/wsgi> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> WSGIScriptAlias / /home/wwwhost/pydocs/wsgi/app.wsgi </VirtualHost> app.wsgi import sys def application(environ, start_response): status = '200 OK' output = sys.version response_headers = [('Content-type', 'text/plain'), ('Content-Length', str(len(output)))] start_response(status, response_headers) return [output] Apache error.log 'import site' failed; use -v for traceback [Sun Jun 19 00:27:21 2011] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=23235): Initializing Python. [Sun Jun 19 00:27:21 2011] [notice] Apache/2.2.14 (Ubuntu) mod_wsgi/2.8 Python/2.6.5 configured -- resuming normal operations [Sun Jun 19 00:27:21 2011] [info] Server built: Nov 18 2010 21:20:56 [Sun Jun 19 00:27:21 2011] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=23238): Attach interpreter ''. [Sun Jun 19 00:27:21 2011] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=23239): Attach interpreter ''. [Sun Jun 19 00:27:31 2011] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=23238): Create interpreter 'wsgitest.local|'. [Sun Jun 19 00:27:31 2011] [info] [client 192.168.1.205] mod_wsgi (pid=23238, process='', application='wsgitest.local|'): Loading WSGI script '/home/wwwhost/pydocs/$ [Sun Jun 19 00:27:50 2011] [info] mod_wsgi (pid=23239): Create interpreter 'wsgitest.local|'. Has anybody ever managed to make mod_wsgi run on a non-system default version of python ?

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  • How do I open multiple windows when Outlook 2010 starts?

    - by Eric
    OS: Windows 7 64-bit App: Outlook 2010 32-bit Server: Exchange 2010 I'd like to modify Outlook's default startup behavior so that it shows both my Inbox and Calendar when I click my shortcut. I use both of them all day, and know how to just right-click the calendar and select "Open in New Window." I run my inbox on one screen and my calendar on another. I also configured my calendar to be the folder that opens by default when I start Outlook so I don't miss early appointments, but if I could somehow have BOTH open in two separate windows, that would be awesome. Is there a command-line interface or something that can accomplish this? Thanks in advance.

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  • Routing between two VLANs on Single Dell 6200 Switch

    - by jenglee
    I want to be able to route between two vlans that I have created and I am not sure how to go about it. So I have created, VLAN 5 with IP Address 192.168.5.1/24 and VLAN 10 with IP Address 192.168.0.1/24 //main IP addresses that I use. How would I be able to get (for example) the IP Address 192.168.0.144 to see any ip addresses in 192.168.5.1/24? Also do you have to set a default gateway for each VLAN or do you set the default gateway for the switch.

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  • Why don't languages use explicit fall-through on switch statements?

    - by zzzzBov
    I was reading Why do we have to use break in switch?, and it led me to wonder why implicit fall-through is allowed in some languages (such as PHP and JavaScript), while there is no support (AFAIK) for explicit fall-through. It's not like a new keyword would need to be created, as continue would be perfectly appropriate, and would solve any issues of ambiguity for whether the author meant for a case to fall through. The currently supported form is: switch (s) { case 1: ... break; case 2: ... //ambiguous, was break forgotten? case 3: ... break; default: ... break; } Whereas it would make sense for it to be written as: switch (s) { case 1: ... break; case 2: ... continue; //unambiguous, the author was explicit case 3: ... break; default: ... break; } For purposes of this question lets ignore the issue of whether or not fall-throughs are a good coding style. Are there any languages that exist that allow fall-through and have made it explicit? Are there any historical reasons that switch allows for implicit fall-through instead of explicit?

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  • The long road to bug-free software

    - by Tony Davis
    The past decade has seen a burgeoning interest in functional programming languages such as Haskell or, in the Microsoft world, F#. Though still on the periphery of mainstream programming, functional programming concepts are gradually seeping into the imperative C# language (for example, Lambda expressions have their root in functional programming). One of the more interesting concepts from functional programming languages is the use of formal methods, the lofty ideal behind which is bug-free software. The idea is that we write a specification that describes exactly how our function (say) should behave. We then prove that our function conforms to it, and in doing so have proved beyond any doubt that it is free from bugs. All programmers already use one form of specification, specifically their programming language's type system. If a value has a specific type then, in a type-safe language, the compiler guarantees that value cannot be an instance of a different type. Many extensions to existing type systems, such as generics in Java and .NET, extend the range of programs that can be type-checked. Unfortunately, type systems can only prevent some bugs. To take a classic problem of retrieving an index value from an array, since the type system doesn't specify the length of the array, the compiler has no way of knowing that a request for the "value of index 4" from an array of only two elements is "unsafe". We restore safety via exception handling, but the ideal type system will prevent us from doing anything that is unsafe in the first place and this is where we start to borrow ideas from a language such as Haskell, with its concept of "dependent types". If the type of an array includes its length, we can ensure that any index accesses into the array are valid. The problem is that we now need to carry around the length of arrays and the values of indices throughout our code so that it can be type-checked. In general, writing the specification to prove a positive property, even for a problem very amenable to specification, such as a simple sorting algorithm, turns out to be very hard and the specification will be different for every program. Extend this to writing a specification for, say, Microsoft Word and we can see that the specification would end up being no simpler, and therefore no less buggy, than the implementation. Fortunately, it is easier to write a specification that proves that a program doesn't have certain, specific and undesirable properties, such as infinite loops or accesses to the wrong bit of memory. If we can write the specifications to prove that a program is immune to such problems, we could reuse them in many places. The problem is the lack of specification "provers" that can do this without a lot of manual intervention (i.e. hints from the programmer). All this might feel a very long way off, but computing power and our understanding of the theory of "provers" advances quickly, and Microsoft is doing some of it already. Via their Terminator research project they have started to prove that their device drivers will always terminate, and in so doing have suddenly eliminated a vast range of possible bugs. This is a huge step forward from saying, "we've tested it lots and it seems fine". What do you think? What might be good targets for specification and verification? SQL could be one: the cost of a bug in SQL Server is quite high given how many important systems rely on it, so there's a good incentive to eliminate bugs, even at high initial cost. [Many thanks to Mike Williamson for guidance and useful conversations during the writing of this piece] Cheers, Tony.

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  • Is it possible to get xRandR to see two separate outputs with the nvidia driver?

    - by rumtscho
    I have two monitors, which I have set up with nvidia-settings in Twinview. The result: When I want to do something in xRandR, it does not function. It doesn't report one output per video card head, but a single output mapped to the combined area of both monitors: rumtscho@bradbury:~$ xrandr xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default Screen 0: minimum 3840 x 1440, current 3840 x 1440, maximum 3840 x 1440 default connected 3840x1440+0+0 0mm x 0mm 3840x1440 50.0* Now I promised somebody to help test a driver. The developer is using an open source driver for Intel video cards, and his driver assumes that there is more than one xRandR output, each mapped to a monitor. So I tried rewriting my xorg.conf to somehow get two outputs to show up, but failed. Googling showed that people faced with the xRandR-nvidia problem either stopped using xRandR and achieved what they needed with nvidia-settings, or changed their driver to nouveau. The first is not going to help in my situation, and I am not willing to give up the proprietary driver, because Compiz won't work without it. So does anybody know a way to get nvidia to actually pass on information on outputs to xRandR?

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  • How to Configure Different Gateways for Different VLANs

    - by Bryan
    I have around 10 VLANs, and two different internet gateways. I want traffic on some VLANs to use one gateway, and traffic on other VLANs to use another gateway. (e.g. I wish to route server traffic via one gateway and desktop internet traffic down another). Is it possible to configure different default routes for different VLANs on a Dell 6224 switch? Or is their a better way of doing what I'm trying to achieve? The core switch I am using is a Dell PowerConnect 6224 switch. Currently I'm using: ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.58.3.16 which creates the default gateway for all VLANs. I did consider adding multiple routes with equal metric, and setting ACLs between the VLANs to deny access to the 'wrong' gateway, but that idea just doesn't feel right to me.

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  • Yum install packages to an alternate directory, without chroot?

    - by Stefan Lasiewski
    I would like to use the Foswiki yum repository to install Foswiki (296 packages). The default installation path is /var/lib/, but I want to install it to an alternate location at /opt/www/. In the future, I still want to use yum to check for and apply updates to the packages. Is it possible to use yum to install packages to an location which is different then the default location provided by RPMs? Does Yum provide anything similar to ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ or rpm --install --prefix=/opt/local? Yum provides the --installroot option, but that appears to primarily for chroot environments.

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  • Using PVLANs with normal VLANs in a trunked environment

    - by user974896
    Assume a trunked environment with two switches, S1 and S2. The swtiches are connected with a trunk port designed to pass VLAN 26. What would happen if VLAN 26 on S2 is configured as a private-vlan with the default gateway and DHCP server and default gateway as promisc ports. What if S1's VLAN 26 is configured as a standard VLAN. Would the hosts on S1 be able to communicate with the promisc ports on S2? Would they be able to communicate with the hosts on S2? To further complicate things what if the DHCP server were to reside on S1 and I wanted S2 to have private VLANS with promisc ports as the gateway and DHCP server while still leaving S1 in a standard vlan configuration.

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  • Why googling by keycaptcha gives results on reCAPTCHA? [closed]

    - by vgv8
    EDIT: I'd like to change this title to: How to STOP Google's manipulation of Google search engine presented to general public? I am frequently googling and more and more frequently bump when searching by one software product I am given instead the results on Google's own products. For ex., if I google by keyword keycaptcha for the "Past 24 hours" (after clicking on "Show search tools" -- "Past 24 hours" on the left sidebar of a browser) I am getting the Google's search results show only results on reCAPTCHA. Image uploaded later: Though, if confine keycaptcha in quotes the results are "correct" (well, kind of since they are still distorted in comparison with other search engines). I checked this during few months from different domains at different ISPs, different operating systems and from a dozen of browsers. The results are the same. Why is it and how can it be possibly corrected? My related posts: "How Gmail spam filter works?" IP adresses blacklisting Update: It is impossible for me to directly start using google.com as I am always redirected to google.ru (from google.com) by my ip-address "auto-detect location" google's "convenience". The google's help tells that it is impossible to switch off my location auto-detection because it is very helpful feature. There is a work-around to use google.com/ncr (to get google.com) (?anybody know what does it mean) to prevent redirection from google.com but even. But all results are exactly the same OK, I can search by quoted "keycaptcha", I am already accustomed to these google's quirks, but the question arises why the heck to burn time promoting someone's product if GOOGLE uses other product brands for showing its own interests/brands (reCAPTCHA) instead and what can be done with it? The general user will not understand that he was cheated and just will pick up the first (wrong) results Update2: Note that this googling behaviour: is independent on whether I am logged-in (or log-out-ed of) a google account, which account, on browser (I tried Opera, Chrome, FireFox, IE of different versions, Safari), OS or even domain; there are many such cases but I just targeted one concrete restricted example speciffically to to prevent wandering between unrelated details and peculiarities; @Michael, first it is not true and this text contains 2 links for real and significant results.. I also wrote that this is just one concrete example from many and based on many-month exp. These distortions happen upon clicking on: Past 24 hours, Past week, Past month, Past year in many other keywords, occasions/configurations of searches, etc. Second, the absence of the results is the result and there is no point to sneakingly substitute it by another unsolicited one. It is the definition of spam and scam. 3d, the question is not abt workarounds like how to write search queries or use another searching engines. The question is how to straighten the googling's results in order to stop disorienting general public about. Update: I could not understand: nobody reproduces the described by me behavior (i.e. when I click "Past 24 hours" link in google search searching for keycaptcha, the presented results are only on reCAPTCHA presented)? Update: And for the "Past week":

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  • I can't get grub menu to show up during boot

    - by wim
    After trying (and failing) to install better ATI drivers in 11.10, I've somehow lost my grub menu at boot time. The screen does change to the familiar purple colour, but instead of a list of boot options it's just blank solid colour, and then disappears quickly and boots into the default entry normally. How can I get the bootloader back? I've tried sudo update-grub and also various different combinations of resolutions and colour depths in startupmanager application with no success (640x480, 1024x768, 1600x1200, 16 bits, 8 bits, 10 second delay, 7 second delay, 2 second delay...) edit: I have already tried holding down Shift during bootup and it does not seem to change the behaviour. I get the message "GRUB Loading" in the terminal, but then the place where the grub menu normally appears I get a solid blank magenta screen for a while. Here are the contents of /etc/default/grub # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" vga=798 splash" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

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  • Custom grub config hangs at the prompt

    - by drecute
    Please I need help with this custom grub: default=0 timeout=20 fallback=1 title Remote Install root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz_remote lang=en_US keymap=us ks=nfs:192.168.128.42:/tftpboot/Kickstart/ks.cfg ksdevice=00:1A:64:22:32:4B headless xfs panic=60 initrd /initrd_remote.img I have 3 grub configs and I've been able to make the "Remote install" grub config to be the default run. At the moment it boots up but hangs at the prompt. Grub version: 0.98 The other 2 grubs that comes that exists after successful installation and update of the kernel are: splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz hiddenmenu title CentOS (2.6.32-279.9.1.el6.x86_64) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.9.1.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_serverprisa-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_LVM_LV=vg_serverprisa/lv_swap rd_NO_MD rd_LVM_LV=vg_serverprisa/lv_root SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-279.9.1.el6.x86_64.img title CentOS (2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_serverprisa-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_LVM_LV=vg_serverprisa/lv_swap rd_NO_MD rd_LVM_LV=vg_serverprisa/lv_root SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64.img

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  • puppet propagate variable from node to erb tamplate?

    - by picca
    Is it possible to declare variable in node and than propage it way down to the erb template? Example: node basenode { $myvar = "bar" # default include myclass } node mynode extends basenode { $myvar = "foo" } class myclass { file { "/root/myfile": content => template("myclass/mytemplate.erb") ensure => present, } } Source of mytemplate.erb: myvar has value: <%= myvar %> I know that my example might be complicated. But I'm trying to propagate file on (almost) all my nodes and I want its content to be altered depending on the node which requests the file. The $myvar = "bar" statement should be default when node does not override its value. Is there a solution to my problem? I'm using puppet 0.24.5

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  • With a little effort you can &ldquo;SEMI&rdquo;-protect your C# assemblies with obfuscation.

    - by mbcrump
    This method will not protect your assemblies from a experienced hacker. Everyday we see new keygens, cracks, serials being released that contain ways around copy protection from small companies. This is a simple process that will make a lot of hackers quit because so many others use nothing. If you were a thief would you pick the house that has security signs and an alarm or one that has nothing? To so begin: Obfuscation is the concealment of meaning in communication, making it confusing and harder to interpret. Lets begin by looking at the cartoon below:     You are probably familiar with the term and probably ignored this like most programmers ignore user security. Today, I’m going to show you reflection and a way to obfuscate it. Please understand that I am aware of ways around this, but I believe some security is better than no security.  In this sample program below, the code appears exactly as it does in Visual Studio. When the program runs, you get either a true or false in a console window. Sample Program. using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq;   namespace ObfuscateMe {     class Program     {                static void Main(string[] args)         {               Console.WriteLine(IsProcessOpen("notepad")); //Returns a True or False depending if you have notepad running.             Console.ReadLine();         }             public static bool IsProcessOpen(string name)         {             return Process.GetProcesses().Any(clsProcess => clsProcess.ProcessName.Contains(name));         }     } }   Pretend, that this is a commercial application. The hacker will only have the executable and maybe a few config files, etc. After reviewing the executable, he can determine if it was produced in .NET by examing the file in ILDASM or Redgate’s Reflector. We are going to examine the file using RedGate’s Reflector. Upon launch, we simply drag/drop the exe over to the application. We have the following for the Main method:   and for the IsProcessOpen method:     Without any other knowledge as to how this works, the hacker could export the exe and get vs project build or copy this code in and our application would run. Using Reflector output. using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq;   namespace ObfuscateMe {     class Program     {                static void Main(string[] args)         {               Console.WriteLine(IsProcessOpen("notepad"));             Console.ReadLine();         }             public static bool IsProcessOpen(string name)         {             return Process.GetProcesses().Any<Process>(delegate(Process clsProcess)             {                 return clsProcess.ProcessName.Contains(name);             });         }       } } The code is not identical, but returns the same value. At this point, with a little bit of effort you could prevent the hacker from reverse engineering your code so quickly by using Eazfuscator.NET. Eazfuscator.NET is just one of many programs built for this. Visual Studio ships with a community version of Dotfoscutor. So download and load Eazfuscator.NET and drag/drop your exectuable/project into the window. It will work for a few minutes depending if you have a quad-core or not. After it finishes, open the executable in RedGate Reflector and you will get the following: Main After Obfuscation IsProcessOpen Method after obfuscation: As you can see with the jumbled characters, it is not as easy as the first example. I am aware of methods around this, but it takes more effort and unless the hacker is up for the challenge, they will just pick another program. This is also helpful if you are a consultant and make clients pay a yearly license fee. This would prevent the average software developer from jumping into your security routine after you have left. I hope this article helped someone. If you have any feedback, please leave it in the comments below.

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  • Conflicting ip routes with local table on attaching a virtual network interface

    - by user1071840
    I have an EC2 instance with these ip rules: $ sudo ip rule show 0: from all lookup local 32766: from all lookup main 32767: from all lookup default I can attach an elastic network interface to it with a private IP. Say the IP of my machine is 10.1.3.12 and the IP of the interface is 10.1.1.190. As soon as I attach the interface to my machine a new entry is added to the routing policy and local routing table: sudo ip rule show 0: from all lookup local 32765: from 10.1.1.190 lookup 10003 32766: from all lookup main 32767: from all lookup default $ sudo ip route show table local broadcast 10.1.1.0 dev eth3 proto kernel scope link src 10.1.1.190 local 10.1.1.190 dev eth3 proto kernel scope host src 10.1.1.190 broadcast 10.1.1.255 dev eth3 proto kernel scope link src 10.1.1.190 broadcast 10.1.3.0 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.1.3.12 local 10.1.3.12 dev eth0 proto kernel scope host src 10.1.3.12 broadcast 10.1.3.255 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.1.3.12 broadcast 127.0.0.0 dev lo proto kernel scope link src 127.0.0.1 local 127.0.0.0/8 dev lo proto kernel scope host src 127.0.0.1 local 127.0.0.1 dev lo proto kernel scope host src 127.0.0.1 broadcast 127.255.255.255 dev lo proto kernel scope link src 127.0.0.1 I can send traffic to this ENI directly from a host that can have the same IP as the host the ENI is attached to. This is where the problem starts. I ran tcpdump on the port in question and saw multiple SYNs going to the ENI with src '10.1.3.12' and destination '10.1.1.190' but didn't see even a single ACK. In my understanding if ACKs were being sent from the ENI they'd have destination as 10.1.3.12 i.e. the same as the local machine's IP and such packets will now be routed as local packets matching local routing policy: local 10.1.3.12 dev eth0 proto kernel scope host src 10.1.3.12 I'd like to send all the packets originating from 10.1.1.190 (my ENI) to go back on the same interface i.e. eth3 in this case. Contents of the nee table 10003 are: $ sudo ip route show table 10003 default via 10.1.1.1 dev eth3 I think I can do the following: I don't know if its possible but probably decrease the priority of local table so the packets match the table 10003. Use iptables to mangle these packets and update the local table route to include the mark information But I'm not sure if these are the right approaches.

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  • Is there application which is fakes browser and allows to choose what real to use if url provided

    - by Dzmitry Lahoda
    Is there any Application for Windows to do next think: I click url in Skype or html file in Explorer. Application is default "fake" browser, i.e. registered as default browser. Application shows several buttons. Each button represents installed or running browser. I can choose real browser, click it and specific url opened in chosen real browser . Quick search not revealed such Application. Context: I work in environment where some sites work in specific browsers. I get clickable urls from different applications. Sometimes I want to launch specific browser to use specific addin of it against url provided. I have specific portable "secured" browser I want to launch only for trusted sites.

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  • Wireless keeps disabling or stays disconnected (Realtek RTL8191SEvB)

    - by jindrichm
    I have Realtek RTL8191SEvB wireless card on Ubuntu 10.10: $ lspci -v | grep Network 03:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8191SEvB Wireless LAN Controller (rev 10) When I load its driver, according to the Network Manager it sometimes blinks with a list of available networks but it keeps disabling itself or it stays disconnected. So, I can't connect to any wi-fi network (which results in frustration). The driver is loaded: $ lsmod Module Size Used by r8192se_pci 509932 0 Looks normal: $ sudo lshw -C network *-network description: Wireless interface product: RTL8191SEvB Wireless LAN Controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 10 serial: 1c:65:9d:60:c7:7a width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rtl819xSE driverversion=0019.1207.2010 firmware=63 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=802.11bgn resources: irq:17 ioport:2000(size=256) memory:f0500000-f0503fff Configured: $ sudo iwconfig wlan0 wlan0 802.11bgn Nickname:"rtl8191SEVA2" Mode:Managed Frequency=2.412 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated Bit Rate:130 Mb/s Retry:on RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off Link Quality=10/100 Signal level=0 dBm Noise level=-100 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 Is not blocked: $ rfkill list all 0: tpacpi_bluetooth_sw: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes However something's happening with it: $ dmesg [ 6485.948668] InitializeAdapter8190(): ==++==> Turn off RF for RfOffReason(1073741824) ---------- [ 6486.062666] rtl8192_SetWirelessMode(), wireless_mode:10, bEnableHT = 1 [ 6486.062671] InitializeAdapter8192SE(): Set MRC settings on as default!! [ 6486.062675] HW_VAR_MRC: Turn on 1T1R MRC! [ 6486.064091] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready [ 6486.248761] rtl8192_SetWirelessMode(), wireless_mode:10, bEnableHT = 1 [ 6486.248771] InitializeAdapter8192SE(): Set MRC settings on as default!! [ 6486.248776] HW_VAR_MRC: Turn on 1T1R MRC! [ 6486.580083] GPIOChangeRF - HW Radio OFF [ 6486.610085] ============>sync_scan_hurryup out [ 6486.623814] ================>r8192_wx_set_scan(): hwradio off [ 6486.830484] =========>r8192_wx_set_essid():hw radio off,or Rf state is eRfOff, return So, does anyone know where the problem might be?

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  • 1080p Screen resolution problem after 10.04 to 12.04 update

    - by Ale
    I have a Samsung LCD 40" with a NVidia GeForce 6150SE nForce 430 Card. I recently upgraded from 10.04 to 12.04 and the best resolution I can get is 1360x768. I've tried the propietary drivers available on the repository kmod:nvidia_current kmod:nvidia_173_updates kmod:nvidia_current_updates kmod:nvidia_96 kmod:nvidia_96_updates kmod:nvidia_173 I've also downloaded latest from NVidia's Web, version: 295.40. But still no luck. With Nouveau driver, I can only get 1024x768. I know there is no problem with my hardware (video card, cable and monitor), I was using it perfectly on 10.04. Can anybody suggest something else I could try, to get my 1920x1080 resolution back? Thanks in advance. Here are some more information, that I got reading other similar posts on askubuntu. $ lspci | grep VGA 00:0d.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation C61 [GeForce 6150SE nForce 430] (rev a2) $ xrandr xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default Screen 0: minimum 320 x 240, current 1360 x 768, maximum 1360 x 768 default connected 1360x768 0 0 0mm x 0mm 1360x768 50.0 52.0* 1024x768 51.0 800x600 53.0 54.0 55.0 680x384 56.0 57.0 640x480 58.0 576x432 59.0 512x384 60.0 400x300 61.0 62.0 63.0 320x240 64.0

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  • Errors in ~/.xsession-errors

    - by Kuberan Naganathan
    I'm getting errors in ~/.xession-errors. I'm running ubuntu 12.04 Many apps fail to run without mention of problems in the .xsession-errors file. I looked around and tried to resolve issues myself but failed so far. I have to say it's possible that the issue is related to me mounting /home on another partition. (I say possibly because stuff worked ok for a while.) Fortunately my .xsession-errors file is small enough to post here. Thanks in advance for the help: gnome-keyring-daemon: insufficient process capabilities, unsecure memory might get used gnome-keyring-daemon: insufficient process capabilities, unsecure memory might get used gnome-keyring-daemon: insufficient process capabilities, unsecure memory might get used gnome-keyring-daemon: insufficient process capabilities, unsecure memory might get used Backend : gconf Integration : true Profile : unity Adding plugins Initializing core options...done (gnome-settings-daemon:2547): color-plugin-WARNING **: failed to get edid: unable to get EDID for output (gnome-settings-daemon:2547): color-plugin-WARNING **: unable to get EDID for xrandr-default: unable to get EDID for output (gnome-settings-daemon:2547): color-plugin-WARNING **: failed to reset xrandr-default gamma tables: gamma size is zero Initializing composite options...done Initializing opengl options...done Initializing decor options...done ** Message: applet now removed from the notification area Initializing vpswitch options...done Initializing snap options...done Initializing mousepoll options...done Initializing resize options...done Initializing place options...done Initializing move options...done Initializing wall options...done Initializing grid options...done I/O warning : failed to load external entity "/home/kuberan/.compiz/session/10754cf696d335e98e13471376531156900000024960034" Initializing session options...done Initializing gnomecompat options...done Initializing animation options...done Initializing fade options...done Initializing unitymtgrabhandles options...done Initializing workarounds options...done Initializing scale options...done compiz (expo) - Warn: failed to bind image to texture Initializing expo options...done Initializing ezoom options...done ** Message: using fallback from indicator to GtkStatusIcon (compiz:2560): GConf-CRITICAL **: gconf_client_add_dir: assertion `gconf_valid_key (dirname, NULL)' failed Initializing unityshell options...done Setting Update "main_menu_key" Setting Update "run_key" Setting Update "icon_size" ** Message: moving back from GtkStatusIcon to indicator

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  • remastering knoppix: which version and what method should i use

    - by Stan_
    I'd like to remaster knoppix (mainly add and configure some software). I downloaded newest version (KNOPPIX-ADRIANE_V6.2CD-2009-11-18-EN.iso) but later i read that it has some other window manager as default, not kde... and i want to have kde on my remaster. Is kde included on that iso but it's not default or it's not included at all? If it's not there what knoppix version should i get for my remaster? My other question... I've seen some remastering scripts (with menus, etc) on knoppix forums, do any of these works with version i have? Or with version i should have if i need kde?

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  • Unable to access internet if wireless enabled

    - by balki
    The following is my route output. eth0 is my wired network and eth1 is my wireless network. Only wired one has access to internet. If I enable wireless, I am not able to access internet, it tries to access via eth1 and I get 404 page of the wireless router. Why does eth1 have higher preference though default is eth0 (link)? [balakrishnan@mylap ~]$ route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default 10.26.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.26.0.0 * 255.255.192.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 eth0 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 9 0 0 eth1

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  • LSB Script: how do i know if something goes wrong?

    - by ianaz
    How do I know if a LSB script fails to load or where do I check the log of the lsbs scripts? I added two scripts with the following command: update-rc.d scriptname defaults And just one launches the things I need. It does not seem to be a script error since if I launch it with /etc/init.d/scriptname it works. This is my script: #!/bin/bash ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: nodes # Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Starts all node apps # Description: Starts all node apps like AAM, AMT,... ### END INIT INFO echo "Launch Node applications with forever" export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH # Starts the redis server redis-server # Starts AAM forever -o /var/log/AAM.log -e /var/log/AAM.log --spinSleepTime 2000 -m 5 start /var/nodejs/AAM/app.js

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  • Custom command in right-click menu not working

    - by Luke
    I have added, via the registry, a right click menu option for all filetypes which is supposed to get the MD5 checksum for a file. HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT*\shell\Checksum - Default: Get Checksum and HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT*\shell\Checksum\command - Default: checksum.cmd "%1" checksum.cmd simply clears the screen, calls fciv.exe using %1 and then pauses. Unfortunately, whilst the option "Get Checksum" appears correctly in the right click menu, it doesn't perform the right action when clicked. When I click it an "Open With" dialog opens, which is of course not what I want. Both checksum.cmd and fciv.exe are in the PATH. checksum.cmd: @echo off cls fciv.exe %1 pause Anybody know what's going on?

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