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  • Very simple python functions takes spends long time in function and not subfunctions

    - by John Salvatier
    I have spent many hours trying to figure what is going on here. The function 'grad_logp' in the code below is called many times in my program, and cProfile and runsnakerun the visualize the results reveals that the function grad_logp spends about .00004s 'locally' every call not in any functions it calls and the function 'n' spends about .00006s locally every call. Together these two times make up about 30% of program time that I care about. It doesn't seem like this is function overhead as other python functions spend far less time 'locally' and merging 'grad_logp' and 'n' does not make my program faster, but the operations that these two functions do seem rather trivial. Does anyone have any suggestions on what might be happening? Have I done something obviously inefficient? Am I misunderstanding how cProfile works? def grad_logp(self, variable, calculation_set ): p = params(self.p,self.parents) return self.n(variable, self.p) def n (self, variable, p ): gradient = self.gg(variable, p) return np.reshape(gradient, np.shape(variable.value)) def gg(self, variable, p): if variable is self: gradient = self._grad_logps['x']( x = self.value, **p) else: gradient = __builtin__.sum([self._pgradient(variable, parameter, value, p) for parameter, value in self.parents.iteritems()]) return gradient

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  • Esper generating episodes

    - by Jasonojh
    I would like to use Esper to generate episodes of events. I am trying to detect the changes in robot movement during each time period and was wondering what would be the best way of implementation. The rules for generation of episodes from the events would be If the new event time(eg. 7sec, robot A) of a robot is more than 3 sec than the latest event(eg. 3 sec, robot A) of the same robot, the new event belongs to a new episode. Each episode should represent only one robot (eg. 2sec, robotA and 3sec, robotB should output 2 episodes) Input data: Event Time Robot Position 1 1 A 0 2 2 A 1 3 6 A 2 Output data should be: Array[0]={Event 1,Event 2} Array[1]={Event 3} //more than 3 sec Input data: Event Time Robot Position 1 1 A 0 2 2 A 1 3 4 B 0 4 6 A 2 Output data should be: Array[0]={Event 1,Event 2} Array[1]={Event 3} //different robot Array[2]={Event 4} Please help provide suggestions. I have tried using mulitple listeners, one for each robot, to create episodes and it works but I am trying to use a single EPL statement to do it. I have tried win:time_accum(3sec) group by robot but the second example output: Array[0]={Event 1,Event 2, Event 4} Array[1]={Event 3} as the time window is shifted everytime an event comes in, the system still thinks that event 4 is less than 3 sec due to event 3. how do I create a unique time window for each robot? Thank you for your suggestions and any help is greatly appreciated.

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  • Efficiently select top row for each category in the set

    - by VladV
    I need to select a top row for each category from a known set (somewhat similar to this question). The problem is, how to make this query efficient on the large number of rows. For example, let's create a table that stores temperature recording in several places. CREATE TABLE #t ( placeId int, ts datetime, temp int, PRIMARY KEY (ts, placeId) ) -- insert some sample data SET NOCOUNT ON DECLARE @n int, @ts datetime SELECT @n = 1000, @ts = '2000-01-01' WHILE (@n>0) BEGIN INSERT INTO #t VALUES (@n % 10, @ts, @n % 37) IF (@n % 10 = 0) SET @ts = DATEADD(hour, 1, @ts) SET @n = @n - 1 END Now I need to get the latest recording for each of the places 1, 2, 3. This way is efficient, but doesn't scale well (and looks dirty). SELECT * FROM ( SELECT TOP 1 placeId, temp FROM #t WHERE placeId = 1 ORDER BY ts DESC ) t1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM ( SELECT TOP 1 placeId, temp FROM #t WHERE placeId = 2 ORDER BY ts DESC ) t2 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM ( SELECT TOP 1 placeId, temp FROM #t WHERE placeId = 3 ORDER BY ts DESC ) t3 The following looks better but works much less efficiently (30% vs 70% according to the optimizer). SELECT placeId, ts, temp FROM ( SELECT placeId, ts, temp, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY placeId ORDER BY ts DESC) rownum FROM #t WHERE placeId IN (1, 2, 3) ) t WHERE rownum = 1 The problem is, during the latter query execution plan a clustered index scan is performed on #t and 300 rows are retrieved, sorted, numbered, and then filtered, leaving only 3 rows. For the former query three times one row is fetched. Is there a way to perform the query efficiently without lots of unions?

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  • How can I make VS2010 insert using statements in the order dictated by StyleCop rules.

    - by Hamish Grubijan
    The related default StyleCop rules are: Place using statements inside namespace. Sort using statements alphabetically. But ... System using come first (still trying to figure out if that means just using System; or using System[.*];). So, my use case: I find a bug and decide that I need to at least add an intelligible Assert to make debugging less painful for the next guy. So I start typing Debug.Assert( and intellisense marks it in Red. I hover mouse over Debug and between using System.Diagnostics; and System.Diagnostics.Debug I choose the former. This inserts using System.Diagnostics; after all other using statements. It would be nice if VS2010 did not assist me in writing code that won't build due to warnings as errors. How can I make VS2010 smarter? Is there some sort of setting, or does this require a full-fledged add-in of some sort?

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  • ArgumentOutOfRangeException was unhandled by user code - (ASP .net)

    - by ASr..
    I use a GridView to display the records from the database. Also i've attached a Hyperlink to the GridView using TemplateField. When I try to add "onclick" attribute to the HyperLink inside the RowDateBound event, I get the following error.. GridView1.DataKeys[e.Row.RowIndex].Value = 'GridView1.DataKeys[e.Row.RowIndex]' threw an exception of type 'System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException' Message = "Index was out of range. Must be non-negative and less than the size of the collection.\r\nParameter name: index" This is the coding inside the RowDataBound mentod.. protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { HyperLink HyperLink1 = (HyperLink)e.Row.FindControl("HyperLink1"); //The following line makes the error HyperLink1.Attributes.Add("onclick", "ShowMyModalPopup('" + GridView1.DataKeys[e.Row.RowIndex].Value + "')"); } } This is "ShowMyModalPopup" function in javascript <script type="text/javascript"> function ShowMyModalPopup(userpk) { var modal = $find('ModalPopupExtender1'); modal.show(); WebService.FetchOneUser(userpk,DisplayResult); } </script> Can anyone please explain me why this error occurs.. Many thanks in advance..

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  • how can i make sure only a single record is inserted when multiple apache threads are trying to acce

    - by Ed Gl
    I have a web service (xmlrpc service to be exact) that handles among other things writing data into the database. Here's the scenario: I often receive requests to either update or insert a record. What I would do is this: If the record already exists, append to the record, If not, create a new record The issue is that there are certain times I would get a 'burst' of requests, which spawns several apache threads to handle the request. These 'bursts' would come within less than milliseconds of each other. I now have several threads performing #1 and #2. Often two threads would would 'pass' number #1 and actually create two duplicate records (except for the primary key). I'd like to use some locking mechanism to prevent other threads from accessing the table while the other thread finishes its work. I'm just afraid of using it because if something happens I don't want to leave the table locked. Is there a solid way of handling this? I'm open to using locks if I can do it properly. Thanks,

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  • "end()" iterator for back inserters?

    - by Thanatos
    For iterators such as those returned from std::back_inserter(), is there something that can be used as an "end" iterator? This seems a little nonsensical at first, but I have an API which is: template<typename InputIterator, typename OutputIterator> void foo( InputIterator input_begin, InputIterator input_end, OutputIterator output_begin, OutputIterator output_end ); foo performs some operation on the input sequence, generating an output sequence. (Who's length is known to foo but may or may not be equal to the input sequence's length.) The taking of the output_end parameter is the odd part: std::copy doesn't do this, for example, and assumes you're not going to pass it garbage. foo does it to provide range checking: if you pass a range too small, it throws an exception, in the name of defensive programming. (Instead of potentially overwriting random bits in memory.) Now, say I want to pass foo a back inserter, specifically one from a std::vector which has no limit outside of memory constraints. I still need a "end" iterator - in this case, something that will never compare equal. (Or, if I had a std::vector but with a restriction on length, perhaps it might sometimes compare equal?) How do I go about doing this? I do have the ability to change foo's API - is it better to not check the range, and instead provide an alternate means to get the required output range? (Which would be needed anyways for raw arrays, but not required for back inserters into a vector.) This would seem less robust, but I'm struggling to make the "robust" (above) work.

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  • Recreating a workflow instance with the same instance id

    - by Miron Brezuleanu
    We have some objects that have an associated workflow instance. The objects are identified with a GUID, which is also the GUID of the workflow instance associated with the object. We need to restart (see NOTE 3 for the meaning of 'restart') the workflow instance if the workflow definition changed (there is no state in the workflow itself and it is written to support restarting in this manner). The restarting is performed by calling Terminate on the WorkflowInstance, then recreating the instance with the same GUID. The weird part is that this works every other attempt (odd attempts - the workflow is stopped, but for some reason doesn't restart, even attempt - the already terminated workflow is recreated and started successfully). While I admit that using 'second hand' GUIDs is a sign of extraordinary cheapness (and something we plan to change), I'm wondering why this isn't working. Any ideas? NOTES: The terminated workflow instance is passivated (waiting for a notification) at the time of the termination. The Terminate call successfully deletes the data persisted in the database for that instance. We're using 'restarting' with a meaning that's less common in the context of WF - not restarting a passivated instance, but force the workflow to start again from the beginning of its definition. Thanks!

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  • Run multiple MySQL queries based on a series of ifs

    - by OldWest
    I am just getting started on this complex query I need to write and was hoping for any suggestions or feedback regarding table structure and the actual query itself.. I've already created my tables and populated test data, and now just trying to sort out how and what is possible within MySQL. Here is an outline of the problem: End result: Listing of rates based on specific queried criteria (see below): Age: [ 27 ] Spouse Age: [ 25 ] Num of Children: [ 3 ] Zip Code: [ 97128 ] The problem I am running into is each company that provides rates has a unique way of dealing with the rate. And I am looking for the best approach for multiple queries based on the company (one query with results for each company more or less all combined into one result set). Here are some facts: - Each company deals with zip code ranges which assist in the query result. - Each company has a different method of calculating the rate based on the Applicant, Spouse, Num of Children: Example, a) Company A determines rate by: Applicant + Spouse + Child(ren) = rate (age is pertinent to the applicant within a range). b) Company B determines the rate by total number of applicants like: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6+ = rate (and age is ignored). First off, what would I call this type of query? Multiple nested query? And should I intertwine php within it to determine the If()s ... I apologize if this thread lacks sufficient data, so please tell me anything you would like to see.

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  • What is a mantainable way of saving "star rating" in a database?

    - by Montecristo
    I'll use the jQuery plugin for presenting the user with a nice interface The request is to display 5 stars, up to a total score of 10 (2 points per star). By now I thought about using 7/10 as a format for that value, but what if at some point in the future I'll receive a request like We would like to give users more choice, let's increase the total score to 20 (so that each star contributes with a maximum of 4 points) I'll end up with a table with mixed values for the "star rating" column: some will be like 7/10 while others will be like 14/20. Is it ok for you to have this difference in the database and deal with it in the logic layer to have it consistent? Or is preferred another way so that querying the table will not result in inconsistent results outside the application? Maybe floating point values could help me, is it better to store that value as a number less than or equal to one? So in each of the two examples the resulting value stored in the database would be 0,7, as a number, not a varchar, which can be queried also outside the application. What do you think?

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  • What prevents a user from adding controls to an ASP.NET page client side?

    - by Curtis White
    This goes back to my other question which I thought was sufficiently answers but upon reflect am not sure that it was (sorry). Backgrounder: I am generating a form dynamically. I am pulling from the database the controls. I must associate each control with a database ID which is not the user's session id. I do this currently by storing my ID in the ID for the web control with some other stuff to make it unique/clear what I am doing. On the post back, I iterate through all the controls on my web page checking for my special identifier, ie, MyGeneratedTextBox_ID_Unique. This process enables for 2 important steps, identifying the control was one I generated and also getting the ID for this input field. And, all of this works but I'm still concerned about the security of it. I do not see a security issue with showing the actual database ID's in this case, although agree it is not desirable. However, I am concerned of the following possibilities: If a user could add a nefarious control to my collection and use that for a SQL injection attack. More academic, but if a user could somehow store data for fields they do not have access too by changing the id's. I agree this is a "hack" of a way to do it. But my question is, is it a security risk and is there an 'easy' way to do it in a less hack way? I assume that only the controls that are created/instantiated on the page are added to the controls list.. thus all controls must be created server side and thus the security issue is address but just wanted to validate. Thanks again. PS: I could see adding a property for each control and encrypting the viewstate would be a little more secure.

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  • How to combine two separate unrelated Git repositories into one with single history timeline

    - by Antony
    I have two unrelated (not sharing any ancestor check in) Git repositories, one is a super repository which consists a number of smaller projects (Lets call it repository A). Another one is just a makeshift local Git repository for a smaller project (lets call it repository B). Graphically, it would look like this A0-B0-C0-D0-E0-F0-G0-HEAD (repo A) A0-B0-C0-D0-E0-F0-G0-HEAD (remote/master bare repo pulled & pushed from repo A) A1-B1-C1-D1-E1-HEAD (repo B) Ideally, I would really like to merge repo B into repo A with a single history timeline. So it would appear that I originally started project in repo A. Graphically, this would be the ideal end result A0-A1-B1-B0-D1-C0-D0-E0-F0-G0-E1-H(from repo B)-HEAD (new repo A) A0-A1-B1-B0-D1-C0-D0-E0-F0-G0-E1-H(from repo B)-HEAD (remote/master bare repo pulled & pushed from repo A) I have been doing some reading with submodules and subtree (Pro Git is a pretty good book by the way), but both of them seem to cater solution towards maintaining two separate branch with sub module being able to pull changes from upstream and subtree being slightly less headache. Both solution require additional and specialized git commands to handle check ins and sync between master and sub tree/module branch. Both solution also result in multiple time-lines (with --squash you even get 3 timelines with subtree). The closest solution from SO seems to talk about "graft", but is that really it? The goal is to have a single unified repository where I can pull/push check-ins, so that there are no more repo B, just repo A in the end.

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  • Javascript inheritance: call super-constructor or use prototype chain?

    - by Jeremy S.
    Hi folks, quite recently I read about javascript call usage in MDC https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/call one linke of the example shown below, I still don't understand. Why are they using inheritance here like this Prod_dept.prototype = new Product(); is this necessary? Because there is a call to the super-constructor in Prod_dept() anyway, like this Product.call is this just out of common behaviour? When is it better to use call for the super-constructor or use the prototype chain? function Product(name, value){ this.name = name; if(value >= 1000) this.value = 999; else this.value = value; } function Prod_dept(name, value, dept){ this.dept = dept; Product.call(this, name, value); } Prod_dept.prototype = new Product(); // since 5 is less than 1000, value is set cheese = new Prod_dept("feta", 5, "food"); // since 5000 is above 1000, value will be 999 car = new Prod_dept("honda", 5000, "auto"); Thanks for making things clearer

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  • Python vs all the major professional languages [closed]

    - by Matt
    I've been reading up a lot lately on comparisons between Python and a bunch of the more traditional professional languages - C, C++, Java, etc, mainly trying to find out if its as good as those would be for my own purposes. I can't get this thought out of my head that it isn't good for 'real' programming tasks beyond automation and macros. Anyway, the general idea I got from about two hundred forum threads and blog posts is that for general, non-professional-level progs, scripts, and apps, and as long as it's a single programmer (you) writing it, a given program can be written quicker and more efficiently with Python than it could be with pretty much any other language. But once its big enough to require multiple programmers or more complex than a regular person (read: non-professional) would have any business making, it pretty much becomes instantly inferior to a million other languages. Is this idea more or less accurate? (I'm learning Python for my first language and want to be able to make any small app that I want, but I plan on learning C eventually too, because I want to get into driver writing eventually. So I've been trying to research each ones strengths and weaknesses as much as I can.) Anyway, thanks for any input

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  • Excel - Variable number of leading zeros in variable length numbers?

    - by daltec
    The format of our member numbers has changed several times over the years, such that 00008, 9538, 746, 0746, 00746, 100125, and various other permutations are valid, unique and need to be retained. Exporting from our database into the custom Excel template needed for a mass update strips the leading zeros, such that 00746 and 0746 are all truncated to 746. Inserting the apostrophe trick, or formatting as text, does not work in our case, since the data seems to be already altered by the time we open it in Excel. Formatting as zip won't work since we have valid numbers less than five digits in length that cannot have zeros added to them. And I am not having any luck with "custom" formatting as that seems to require either adding the same number of leading zeros to a number, or adding enough zeros to every number to make them all the same length. Any clues? I wish there was some way to set Excel to just take what it's given and leave it alone, but that does not seem to be the case! I would appreciate any suggestions or advice. Thank you all very much in advance!

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  • Freeing ImageData when deleting a Canvas

    - by user578770
    I'm writing a XUL application using HTML Canvas to display Bitmap images. I'm generating ImageDatas and imporingt them in a canvas using the putImageData function : for(var pageIndex=0;pageIndex<100;pageIndex++){ this.img = imageDatas[pageIndex]; /* Create the Canvas element */ var imgCanvasTmp = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml",'html:canvas'); imgCanvasTmp.setAttribute('width', this.img.width); imgCanvasTmp.setAttribute('height', this.img.height); /* Import the image into the Canvas */ imgCanvasTmp.getContext('2d').putImageData(this.img, 0, 0); /* Use the Canvas into another part of the program (Commented out for testing) */ // this.displayCanvas(imgCanvasTmp,pageIndex); } The images are well imported but there seems to be a memory leak due to the putImageData function. When exiting the "for" loop, I would expect the memory allocated for the Canvas to be freed but, by executing the code without executing putImageData, I noticed that my program at the end use 100Mb less (my images are quite big). I came to the conclusion that the putImageData function prevent the garbage collector to free the allocated memory. Do you have any idea how I could force the garbage collector to free the memory? Is there any way to empty the Canvas? I already tried to delete the canvas using the delete operator or to use the clearRect function but it did nothing. I also tried to reuse the same canvas to display the image at each iteration but the amount of memory used did not changed, as if the image where imported without deleting the existing ones...

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  • WPF: How do I bind a Control to a formula composed of several dependency properties?

    - by Pablo
    Hi all, I'm working on Expression Blend and I'm currently designing a custom control which has a Grid with 5 rows inside, and also has two Dependency properties: "Value", and "Maximum". Three of the rows have fixed height, and what I'm trying to do is set the remaining rows height to "Value/Maximum" and "1-Value/Maximum" respectively. How do I go and do that? When I set the height to "Value" it seems to react, but when I go and set it to "Value/Maximum" it stops working. I'm still a bit new around WPF, so there must be another way to achieve what I'm intending, but after searching I couln't find my problem elsewhere. Code: <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Width="Auto" Background="Transparent"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="32"/> <RowDefinition Height="{Binding Path=(Value/Maximum), ElementName=UserControl, Mode=Default}"/> <RowDefinition Height="16"/> <RowDefinition Height="{Binding Path=(1-Value/Maximum), ElementName=UserControl, Mode=Default}"/> <RowDefinition Height="32"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> (...) By the way, Value is always a not negative double less than or equal to Maximum; so the result of the division will be number between 0.0 a 1.0. I want a "star" instead of "pixel" row height.

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  • gcc compilations (sometimes) result in cpu underload

    - by confusedCoder
    I have a larger C++ program which starts out by reading thousands of small text files into memory and storing data in stl containers. This takes about a minute. Periodically, a compilation will exhibit behavior where that initial part of the program will run at about 22-23% CPU load. Once that step is over, it goes back to ~100% CPU. It is more likely to happen with O2 flag turned on but not consistently. It happens even less often with the -p flag which makes it almost impossible to profile. I did capture it once but the gprof output wasn't helpful - everything runs with the same relative speed just at low cpu usage. I am quite certain that this has nothing to do with multiple cores. I do have a quad-core cpu, and most of the code is multi-threaded, but I tested this issue running a single thread. Also, when I run the problematic step in multiple threads, each thread only runs at ~20% CPU. I apologize ahead of time for the vagueness of the question but I have run out of ideas as to how to troubleshoot it further, so any hints might be helpful. UPDATE: Just to make sure it's clear, the problematic part of the code does sometimes (~30-40% of the compilations) run at 100% CPU, so it's hard to buy the (otherwise reasonable) argument that I/O is the bottleneck

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  • SELECT set of most recent id, amount FROM table, where id occurs many times

    - by Jon Cram
    I have a table recording the amount of data transferred by a given service on a given date. One record is entered daily for a given service. I'd like to be able to retrieve the most recent amount for a set of services. Example data set: serviceId | amount | date ------------------------------- 1 | 8 | 2010-04-12 2 | 11 | 2010-04-12 2 | 14 | 2010-04-11 3 | 9 | 2010-04-11 1 | 6 | 2010-04-10 2 | 5 | 2010-04-10 3 | 22 | 2010-04-10 4 | 17 | 2010-04-19 Desired response (service ids 1,2,3): serviceId | amount | date ------------------------------- 1 | 8 | 2010-04-12 2 | 11 | 2010-04-12 3 | 9 | 2010-04-11 Desired response (service ids 2, 4): serviceId | amount | date ------------------------------- 2 | 11 | 2010-04-12 4 | 17 | 2010-04-19 This retrieves the equivalent as running the following once per serviceId: SELECT serviceId, amount, date FROM table WHERE serviceId = <given serviceId> ORDER BY date DESC LIMIT 0,1 I understand how I can retrieve the data I want in X queries. I'm interested to see how I can retrieve the same data using either a single query or at the very least less than X queries. I'm very interested to see what might be the most efficient approach. The table currently contains 28809 records. I appreciate that there are other questions that cover selecting the most recent set of records. I have examined three such questions but have been unable to apply the solutions to my problem.

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  • Freetype2 (error-)return value documentation

    - by Awaki
    In short, I'm looking for documentation that would limit the error situations to check for after a Freetype library function failed, much like the OpenGL and Win32 APIs document the error codes generated by their respective functions. I can't seem to find such documentation though, so I was wondering how to best handle translation of Freetype errors to typed exceptions. Background: I am currently in the process of implementing font-rendering capability (using Freetype) for my GUI framework, which makes strong use of typed exceptions to indicate error situations. However, the Freetype docs seem to completely omit what errors can be expected from what functions. That, if such documentation does indeed not exist, would basically leave me with two options: either guessing which errors make sense for a certain Freetype function (obviously prone to mistakes on my part), or considering every error code for translation into appropriate exceptions (less verbose since I would have to write the translation only once). Performance isn't really critical in the code that calls the Freetype library, so even the latter option would probably be acceptable, but surely there must be some kind of documentation on which library calls may return what Freetype error? Is there any such documentation which I just somehow managed to not find? Should I go the route of generically expecting every error code for translation? Or are there other ways to approach this problem? By the way, I wanted to avoid introducing some kind of generic FreetypeException (containing a description of the Freetype error) since I intended to completely hide what libraries I'm using (not from a legal point-of-view, mind you), but I guess I can be convinced to do this anyway if the consensus is that it would be the best option. I don't think it matters for this question, but I'm writing in C++.

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  • Storing an encrypted cookie with Rails

    - by J. Pablo Fernández
    I need to store a small piece of data (less than 10 characters) in a cookie in Rails and I need it to be secure. I don't want anybody being able to read that piece of data or injecting their own piece of data (as that would open up the app to many kinds of attacks). I think encrypting the contents of the cookie is the way to go (should I also sign it?). What is the best way to do it? Right now I'm doing this, which looks secure, but many things looked secure to people that knew much more than I about security and then it was discovered it wasn't really secure. I'm saving the secret in this way: encryptor = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(Example::Application.config.secret_token) cookies[:secret] = { :value => encryptor.encrypt(secret), :domain => "example.com", :secure => !(Rails.env.test? || Rails.env.development?) } and then I'm reading it like this: encryptor = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(Example::Application.config.secret_token) secret = encryptor.decrypt(cookies[:secret]) Is that secure? Any better ways of doing it? Update: I know about Rails' session and how it is secure, both by signing the cookie and by optionally storing the contents of the session server side and I do use the session for what it is for. But my question here is about storing a cookie, a piece of information I do not want in the session but I still need it to be secure.

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  • C++ Iterator Pipelining Designs

    - by Kirakun
    Suppose we want to apply a series of transformations, int f1(int), int f2(int), int f3(int), to a list of objects. A naive way would be SourceContainer source; TempContainer1 temp1; transform(source.begin(), source.end(), back_inserter(temp1), f1); TempContainer2 temp2; transform(temp1.begin(), temp1.end(), back_inserter(temp2), f2); TargetContainer target; transform(temp2.begin(), temp2.end(), back_inserter(target), f3); This first solution is not optimal because of the extra space requirement with temp1 and temp2. So, let's get smarter with this: int f123(int n) { return f3(f2(f1(n))); } ... SourceContainer source; TargetContainer target; transform(source.begin(), source.end(), back_inserter(target), f123); This second solution is much better because not only the code is simpler but more importantly there is less space requirement without the intermediate calculations. However, the composition f123 must be determined at compile time and thus is fixed at run time. How would I try to do this efficiently if the composition is to be determined at run time? For example, if this code was in a RPC service and the actual composition--which can be any permutation of f1, f2, and f3--is based on arguments from the RPC call.

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  • problem with a very simple tile based game

    - by newbieguy
    Hello, I am trying to create a pacman-like game. I have an array that looks like this: array: 1111111111111 1000000000001 1111110111111 1000000000001 1111111111111 1 = Wall, 0 = Empty space I use this array to draw tiles that are 16x16 in size. The Game character is 32x32. Initially I represented the character's position in array indexes, [1,1] etc. I would update his position if array[character.new_y][charater.new_x] == 0 Then I translated these array coordinates to pixels, [y*16, x*16] to draw him. He was lining up nicely, wouldn't go into walls, but I noticed that since I was updating him by 16 pixels each, he was moving very fast. I decided to do it in reverse, to store the game character's position in pixels instead, so that he could use less than 16 pixels per move. I thought that a simple if statement such as this: if array[(character.new_pixel_y)/16][(character.new_pixel_x)/16] == 0 would prevent him from going into walls, but unfortunately he eats a bit of the bottom and right side walls. Any ideas how would I properly translate pixel position to the array indexes? I guess this is something simple, but I really can't figure it out :(

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  • Timing issues with playback of the HTML5 Audio API

    - by pat
    I'm using the following code to try to play a sound clip with the HTML5 Audio API: HTMLAudioElement.prototype.playClip = function(startTime, stopTime) { this.stopTime = stopTime; this.currentTime = startTime; this.play(); $(this).bind('timeupdate', function(){ if (this.ended || this.currentTime >= stopTime) { this.pause(); $(this).unbind('timeupdate'); } }); } I utilize this new playClip method as follows. First I have a link with some data attributes: <a href=# data-stop=1.051 data-start=0.000>And then I was thinking,</a> And finally this bit of jQuery which runs on $(document).ready to hook up a click on the link with the playback: $('a').click(function(ev){ $('a').click(function(ev){ var start = $(this).data('start'), stop = $(this).data('stop'), audio = $('audio').get(0), $audio = $(audio); ev.preventDefault(); audio.playClip(start,stop); }) This approach seems to work, but there's a frustrating bug: sometimes, the playback of a given clip plays beyond the correct data-stop time. I suspect it could have something to do with the timing of the timeupdate event, but I'm no JS guru and I don't know how to begin debugging the problem. Here are a few clues I've gathered: The same behavior appears to come up in both FF and Chrome. The playback of a given clip actually seems to vary a bit -- if I play the same clip a couple times in a row, it may over-play a different amount of time on each playing. Is the problem here the inherent accuracy of the Audio API? My app needs milliseconds. Is there a problem with the way I'm using jQuery to bind and unbind the timeupdate event? I tried using the jQuery-less approach with addEventListener but I couldn't get it to work. Thanks in advance, I would really love to know what's going wrong.

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  • Java Days & Bookings

    - by sys_debug
    Ok this is an extension of a question I asked about earlier yet this is the next step that is unclear to me. Everything else will be ready and this part is driving me mad! some members provided great help and I already made progress with that info, but this is just another obstacle. I am creating a booking object (as was suggested) that will have a start date and end date. each booking will also have a number of seats associated with it (that I require to reserve). The total available number of seats any given day 46 (as the total capacity of the hall is 46 seats). so in assumption that I have a booking to be made in the system, and start date is 1st jan and end date is 10th jan. The question is how can I check the remaining seats in all those days between the range to see if requested number could be hosted or not? and then when the second booking is made, it will have to see that the days in this range already have less than 46 and decrement further if possible to host the reservation. one of the members, and I appreciate his effort, gladly contributed a method to compare if this booking is after or before the existing bookings. The code provided is here: public boolean overlapsWithExisting(Booking booking) { final Date early = booking.getStart(); final Date late = booking.getEnd(); for(Booking existing : existingBookings) { if(!(early.isAfter(existing.getEnd() || late.isBefore(existing.getStart())) return true; } return false; } I just want to know how to associate 46 with each day and keep record of days that are decremented by bookings. Thanks and reallllllly appreciated :D

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