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  • Are the Ubuntu ISO images updated From release .ubuntu.com

    - by tijybba
    Just got idea from this(may not be related though) question however. Are the ISO images from the official site updated with updates in Core Ubuntu system , like Kernel Updates , desktop Environment Updates(unity), i mean Updates of BASE system including X-org, Office suite, Package Manager , Update manager or Gnome Base Modules, those released in update Branches like precise-Updates branch. The reason i am asking this is , if i download the ISO image of Ubuntu 12.04 Say after two or three months from release , i have to do an update of approximately 200~300 MB's size. So why are these ISO images not updated to recent updates, i am aware that all of the components are not updated at the same time , but let's say after One month from actual release ( Both LTS and normal releases), the updated components can be added to form a Updated ISO in regular intervals, which provides new users to use latest versions and features with improved stability and less bandwidth Consumption. I am not mentioning the idea of comparison to Rolling Release , or External PPA's added updates , and neither Netinstal but the ISO of updated Packages .This can be provided as optional download. Since my question is within the boundary of Official updates releases so stability could not be the reason. I guess there are custom packagers out there , but having an official option would be better. It helps in distributing Newest ISO OS which impresses a lot new users , since it makes availability of newer features and a faster system ofcourse. Another reason of asking this is here. Edit: Since almost all new (Desktop) users download the Default ISO's having one or few issue , which may have been corrected in following updates. But most of new laptop users i encountered gave up because of it , so should i suggest ,for laptop not listed on Certified H/W list , to try daily Builds , if needed.

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  • How can I get started using TDD to code some simple functionality?

    - by Gabriel
    I basically have the gist of TDD. I'm sold that it's useful and I've got a reasonable command of the MSTEST framework. However, to date I have not been able to graduate to using it as a primary development method. Mostly, I use it as a surrogate for writing console apps as test drivers (my traditional approach). The most useful thing about it for me is the way it absorbs the role of regression testing. I have not yet built anything yet that specifically isolates various testable behaviors, which is another big part of the picture I know. So this question is to ask for pointers on what the first test(s) I might write for the following development task: I want to produce code that encapsulates task execution in the fashion of producer/consumer. I stopped and decided to write this question after I wrote this code (wondering if I could actually use TDD for real this time) Code: interface ITask { Guid TaskId { get; } bool IsComplete { get; } bool IsFailed { get; } bool IsRunning { get; } } interface ITaskContainer { Guid AddTask(ICommand action); } interface ICommand { string CommandName { get; } Dictionary<string, object> Parameters { get; } void Execute(); }

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  • Infrastructure to effectively set up experiements and learn from them

    - by David
    Open-org.com is in the early stages of creating our first product, a place on the web, where one can ask lawyers questions at a fraction of their normal costs. An early stage front page can be found here. I got inspired by this video, which is recommended by Jeff Atwood, which talks about getting feedback faster, which is the reason for this question. The problem Needless to say, we want our conversion rates to be as high as possible. Therefore, we want to be able to rapidly set up a new experiment where we change something on the site (like moving an image slightly, rewriting a sentence etc.). We then want to present the modified page to a random subset of the users. After that we will compare the conversion rates of the experiment with another version. I could very well imagine that we want to run 10-100 experiments simultaneously and it would be nice to have features, where experiments that obviously have worse results will be ended before schedule. My question Does infrastructure to support the whole process exist? A short description of our infrastructure... We use EC2 and PHP and have a script to automatically start up new instances with all needed software. Still, starting up a new server for every experiment, seems like a bit of overkill, so I am wondering what other options exist. Btw. If you feel like working for Open-org.com, you can pick a task, and start working, or suggest a new task. All profits are given out to the contributors.

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  • Software development process for a part time University project for 1 developer?

    - by Pricey
    I will be doing a part time University project soon and the time frame for it is around 8 months with approximately 10-15 hours a week spent working on it, with a review by a tutor each quarter. My question is what software development process would you recommend using when the course requires you to work on your own in order to manage yourself as well as the project? I wanted to use a weekly or bi-weekly iterative approach to my work but a lot of the processes seem tailored to teams of people. I am looking at XP (Extreme Programming) OR Scrum as something that is less than the norm for University work but again Scrum I don't know a lot about yet, and a question I have is; can you say you are doing XP without pair-programming? because my tutor seems to think that I have to stick to all the practices otherwise I can't do it (nevermind if I am working alone). We can have external user input as well but due to the small timescales with part time work it may be more beneficial for myself to be the user as well, which is not what I prefer considering how I can get lost in the design.

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  • Using template questions in a technical interview

    - by Desolate Planet
    I've recently been in an argument with a colleage about technical questions in interviews. As a graduate, I went round lots of companies and noticed they used the same questions. An example is "Can you write a function that determines if a number is prime or not?", 4 years later, I find that particular question is quite common even for a junior developer. I might not be looking at this the correct way, but shouldn't software houses be intelligent enought to think up their own interview questions. This may well be the case, but I've been to about 16 interviews as a graduate and the same questions came up in about 75% of them. This leads me to believe that many companies are lazy and simply Google: 'Template questions for interviewing software developers' and I kind of look down on that. Question: Is it better to use a sest of questions off some template or should software houses strive to be more original and come up with their own interview material? From my point of view, if I failed an inteview and went off and looked for good answers to the questions I messed up on, I could fly through the next interview if they questions are the same.

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  • Does immutability entirely eliminate the need for locks in multi-processor programming?

    - by GlenPeterson
    Part 1 Clearly Immutability minimizes the need for locks in multi-processor programming, but does it eliminate that need, or are there instances where immutability alone is not enough? It seems to me that you can only defer processing and encapsulate state so long before most programs have to actually DO something. If a program performs actions on multiple processors, something needs to collect and aggregate the results. All this involves multi-process communication before, after, and possibly during some transformations. The start and end state of the machines are different. Can this always be done with no locks just by throwing out each object and creating a new one instead of changing the original (a crude view of immutability)? What cases still require locking? I'm interested in both the theoretical/academic answer and the practical/real-world answer. I know a lot of functional programmers like to talk about "no side effect" but in the "real world" everything has a side effect. Every processor click takes time and electricity and machine resources away from other processes. So I understand that there may be more than one perspective to answer this question from. If immutability is safe, given certain bounds or assumptions, I want to know what the borders of the "safety zone" are exactly. Some examples of possible boundaries: I/O Exceptions/errors Interfaces with programs written in other languages Interfaces with other machines (physical, virtual, or theoretical) Special thanks to @JimmaHoffa for his comment which started this question! Part 2 Multi-processor programming is often used as an optimization technique - to make some code run faster. When is it faster to use locks vs. immutable objects? Given the limits set out in Amdahl's Law, when can you achieve better over-all performance (with or without the garbage collector taken into account) with immutable objects vs. locking mutable ones? Summary I'm combining these two questions into one to try to get at where the bounding box is for Immutability as a solution to threading problems.

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  • Missing Package: header, Problem with MergeList, The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened

    - by Inbar Rose
    THIS IS NOT A DUPLICATE OF SIMILAR QUESTIONS (like this) I just had to write that first, there are tons of questions similar to this, all of them have the same redirect to an answer that does not solve my problem, because I don't have the same problem, just the same symptom. I write tests for my companies application. One of these tests tries to upgrade the application from a previous version to a new version to make sure nothing breaks. When I am installing an old version of the application, some weird stuff starts to happen. Sometimes everything goes Okay, and nothing is wrong, other times when trying to install I get this message (company app name censored): E: Encountered a section with no Package: header E: Problem with MergeList /var/lib/apt/lists/XXX-amd64_Packages E: The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened. Using the solutions provided in the questions similar to this one (like this). Do not help, and the problem keeps repeating itself once it happens the first time. This has led me to believe something is wrong on the apt server where the package is being created, but searching these errors yields no information on anything beyond the "fix" suggested in the question I linked, the only other source of information I could find also did not help (here): So I am asking for information; What is the actual problem? What causes the problem? What can fix the problem? I hope this question is in good format, if there is a problem, or missing information I can move to chat.

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  • How to verify that all files are intact prior to install?

    - by Kalle H. Väravas
    I'm working on my CMS (in PHP platform) for a long time now. The main program is done and I'm currently developing the Installer part. Installation itself will be fairly simple: Upload all files Verify that the "content/" dir has correct permissions Check if ALL files are intact and not modified [This is the subject of this question] Insert the config data and first settings Run install (Generate all DB tables and insert sample data etc.) Now the question-mark is at step 3. How do I verify ALL files? Verification itself should compare all CMS root-directories files against a list from remote location. List should contain filename, filesize and filetype. This way the user can check, that there are no unnecessary or corrupted files, that could indicated a breach in the software. I have seen some software installers do that, but I cannot find any right now and there for I'm clueless on the most optimal method for this. Of course there always is a simple array trick, but there surely must be a better and faster method?!

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  • Bounding volume hierarchy - linked nodes (linear model)

    - by teodron
    The scenario A chain of points: (Pi)i=0,N where Pi is linked to its direct neighbours (Pi-1 and Pi+1). The goal: perform efficient collision detection between any two, non-adjacent links: (PiPi+1) vs. (PjPj+1). The question: it's highly recommended in all works treating this subject of collision detection to use a broad phase and to implement it via a bounding volume hierarchy. For a chain made out of Pi nodes, it can look like this: I imagine the big blue sphere to contain all links, the green half of them, the reds a quarter and so on (the picture is not accurate, but it's there to help understand the question). What I do not understand is: How can such a hierarchy speed up computations between segments collision pairs if one has to update it for a deformable linear object such as a chain/wire/etc. each frame? More clearly, what is the actual principle of collision detection broad phases in this particular case/ how can it work when the actual computation of bounding spheres is in itself a time consuming task and has to be done (since the geometry changes) in each frame update? I think I am missing a key point - if we look at the picture where the chain is in a spiral pose, we see that most spheres are already contained within half of others or do intersect them.. it's odd if this is the way it should work.

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  • Why don't I have a loop error with these redirects?

    - by byronyasgur
    I know this may seem a bit of a question in reverse, but I actually don't seem to have a problem I just want to make sure before I proceed. I have 2 domains domain1.com and domain2.com and a directory my_directory at domain2.com. I have domain2.com setup as an "add on domain" in the cpanel account of domain1.com so that when I go to domain2.com I am taken to domain1.com/my_directory but the browser shows domain2.com in the addressbar so it looks and acts like and is a separate site. However when people browse to domain1.com/directory I want the address bar to show domain2.com not domain1.com/directory. So I put a redirect in the htaccess file to redirect domain1.com/directory to domain2.com and it works perfectly, but I think it shouldnt and I'm worried I've done something wrong. My question is this: domain2.com was already redirected to domain1.com/directory in the first place (I see the redirect in my cpanel under addon domains) so by adding the second redirect in the htaccess file I should be creating a loop! Could somebody please set my mind at rest and show me why not?

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  • Is there any research out there on geographic differences in work environments (e.g., respect) for programmers?

    - by Ethel Evans
    One thing I've learned from this website is that software developers are not treated the same as what I've seen in the companies I've worked at, and some of the differences seem to be related to the culture or other factors of the geographical location where the programmer works. In some areas, it seems like programmers can expect many perks and a great deal of professional respect, but in others it sounds like programmers are seen as laborers who are told what to do and then should go do it without question. Even in just the USA, there seem to be major differences in "the norm" between the various regions of this country. I'm wondering how much of this is just my perception, and how much is real differences about how programmers are perceived in their different locations. Is there any research out there discussing major differences in programmer work environments or attitudes about how to treat or respect programmers by geography? I'd be interested in multiple articles tackling different ways of looking at this. Edit: Research, specifically, doesn't seem to be available, so I'm making the question broader. Any good, thoughtful writing on the topic of any kind available?

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  • Basic Google Analytics Click Tracking and/or Overview

    - by Alan Storm
    This is a really basic Google Analytics question. Apologies in advance if it's not appropriate here, but I've had a lot of luck on Stack Overflow and this seems like the best Stack Exchange site for a question like this. I'm trying to understand how Google Analytics goals work, or if they're the right feature to be using for my situation. Most of the documentation I find online refers to the old version of the UI, not the new one. I have a website, let's call is blog.example.com. This website drives traffic to an ecommerce store, let's call that store.example2.com. I want to get reports on which links from blog.example.com are being clicked through leading to store.example2.com. How do you do this in Google analytics? Are goals the right area to be looking? Do I setup the goals on store.example2.com or blog.example.com? Or both? Is there any canonical user guide (free or paid) that covers how this works? I'm a competent programmer, but it's years since I dealt with conversion tracking on any serious level, and we've progressed well beyond my frozen caveman pixel tracking knowledge. Thanks in advance

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  • How does Wikipedia's SEO work?

    - by Josh Siegl
    i'm sorry if this question is misplaced or doesn't belong here. I'm currently developing an app for android and IOS and of course i'm thinking about the best ways to market it. Last night I Google'd somebody else's app and the third link in was a Wikipedia page on it, I never even thought of apps having Wikipedia pages, but alas there it was. And of course it was very helpful in determining exactly what the app did and in what cases it was useful for (something that's absolutely crucial for potential customers to understand). So then I got to thinking that I should create a Wiki for my app, but how does Wikipedia apply SEO? I know that the question could be overly complicated or specific, i'm just looking for general answers. For instance when somebody Google's my app, where does Wikipedia display on the results? When I create a Wiki for my app, how do I ensure that the Wikipedia page shows in the search results (is there any way to do that? ) I'm sure i'll find all of this out later when I create a Wiki for my app, I guess i'm just asking this out of curiosity. So how does Wikipedia's search engine optimization work? (on a page by page basis)

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  • Building a Redundant / Distributed Application

    - by MattW
    This is more of a "point me in the right direction" question. My team of three and I have built a hosted web app that queues and routes customer chat requests to available customer service agents (It does other things as well, but this is enough background to illustrate the issue). The basic dev architecture today is: a single page ajax web UI (ASP.NET MVC) with floating chat windows (think Gmail) a backend Windows service to queue and route the chat requests this service also logs the chats, calculates service levels, etc a Comet server product that routes data between the web frontend and the backend Windows service this also helps us detect which Agents are still connected (online) And our hardware architecture today is: 2 servers to host the web UI portion of the application a load balancer to route requests to the 2 different web app servers a third server to host the SQL Server DB and the backend Windows service responsible for queuing / delivering chats So as it stands today, one of the web app servers could go down and we would be ok. However, if something would happen to the SQL Server / Windows Service server we would be boned. My question - how can I make this backend Windows service logic be able to be spread across multiple machines (distributed)? The Windows service is written to accept requests from the Comet server, check for available Agents, and route the chat to those agents. How can I make this more distributed? How can I make it so that I can distribute the work of the backend Windows service can be spread across multiple machines for redundancy and uptime purposes? Will I need to re-write it with distributed computing in mind? I should also note that I am hosting all of this on Rackspace Cloud instances - so maybe it is something I should be less concerned about? Thanks in advance for any help!

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  • Page Spamming via locations

    - by codemonkey
    Hi guys I am new here so please be gentle :) I have created a web page for a small mail order business. The page asks the reader if they are in need of a supplier for products in their "area" and if they have ever been let down by a supplier in that "area" etc. It also lists all the local villages and hamlets around the [area] where they can also supply too. This page is dynamically created and the [area] changes and so do the small towns that are local to the town. The page also contains information on the products so the word count vs town names is not stupid. An example of one of the URL would be www.website.com/1014/Halesowen/ It basically covers the whole of the UK so around 800 main towns with 28,000 local villages. The URL changes, so does the title and h1 tags, also each page is Geo coded for that town. My question really is this a good or bad idea? Is it a black hat technique ? I have been told if I have to ask the question then it probably is but the site does supply to all these areas just as any mail order company does and would like to get listed higher in each town for the products. I have seen this done on a few sites but only with a few targeted towns and not the whole of the UK so I would be really interested in your guys thoughts on this. I would post the URL to the site but as I am new here I am a bit unsure of the rules regarding posting links. The whole site needs a lot of other onsite SEO work doing and I will be doing that over the next few weeks. I look forward to your views on this. p.s. If I am allowed to post the URL without getting into trouble so you can see it someone let me know? Thanks in advance

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  • De-index URL paremeters

    - by Doug Firr
    Upon reading over this question is lengthy so allow me to provide a one sentence summary: I need to get Google to de-index URLs that have certain parameters appended I have a website example.com with language translations. There used to be many translations but I deleted them all so that only English (Default) and French options remain. When one selects a language option a parameter is aded to the URL. For example, the home page: https://example.com (default) https://example.com/main?l=fr_FR (French) I added a robots.txt to stop Google from crawling any of the language translations: # robots.txt generated at http://www.mcanerin.com User-agent: * Disallow: Disallow: /cgi-bin/ Disallow: /*?l= So any pages containing "?l=" should not be crawled. I checked in GWT using the robots testing tool. It works. But under html improvements the previously crawled language translation URLs remain indexed. The internet says to add a 404 to the header of the removed URLs so the Googles knows to de-index it. I checked to see what my CMS would throw up if I visited one of the URLs that should no longer exist. This URL was listed in GWT under duplicate title tags (One of the reasons I want to scrub up my URLS) https://example.com/reports/view/884?l=vi_VN&l=hy_AM This URL should not exist - I removed the language translations. The page loads when it should not! I played around. I typed example.com?whatever123 It seems that parameters always load as long as everything before the question mark is a real URL. So if Google has indexed all these URLS with parameters how do I remove them? I cannot check if a 404 is being generated because the page always loads because it's a parameter that needs to be de-indexed.

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  • What does "fully supported" mean in context of Radeon Opensource Video Driver?

    - by stevecoh1
    UPDATE: This is not a request for support of my specific issue. Details of that issue are here: How to recover from bad upgrade to 13.04 (Unity very slow) . I have "solved" that issue, for the time being anyway, by loading alternative lighter weight desktops. This question was opened specifically to question the meaning of the documentation at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RadeonDriver . END OF UPDATE There it is, in Black and White: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RadeonDriver Fully Supported All these Radeon(HD) cards and derivatives have good 3D acceleration support. This is not an exhaustive list: ... RV610/RV630 Radeon HD 2400/2600/2700/4200/4225/4250 Yet in my case (the HD2400) this proves to be manifestly untrue, at least if "Fully Supported" means sufficient to run Unity in Ubuntu 13.04. It runs all the applications I can launch under Unity, but Unity itself is unbearably slow. It's quite striking really. Click on the "Dash" - go get a cup of coffee. Type a key in the Unity search box, wait five seconds for it to appear. Type Alt-tab and wait five seconds for the screen to finish painting. None of these issues appear outside of Unity components. As you all know, there are complaints about slow performance all over the Internet about Unity. Shouldn't this page somehow address this issue? Especially if "fully supported" doesn't mean sufficiently to run the default modern Ubuntu release. What does "fully supported" mean?

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  • Google analytics - drop in traffic

    - by user1001421
    Bit of a general question here. We are in the process of converting a number of our clients from older web sites to new ones. The problem we are getting, and sorry for being so general here, is we are getting a sharp decline in traffic as reported on Google Analytics. It's not a gradual decline, it seems to hit almost as soon as the new site goes live. I've just got a few questions to see if there is something we are doing wrong: a) We are using the same analytics accounts going from old to new site. Is this a bad idea? b) The actual analytics code is integrated into the pages using a server-side include. IS this a bad idea? c) We structure our sites differently to our old site. IE. The old sites would pretty must have all the web pages in the root directory, and hyperlinks would be linked to the page files: EG. <a href="somepage.aspx">Link</a> Our new sites now have a directory structure that pretty much reflects the navigation structure, and hyper links link to the pages directory instead of the actual page: EG. <a href="/new-items/shoes/">New shoes</a> Is this a bad idea. I'm really searching for a needle in a haystack here. Would appriciate any help or advice as to why we are getting such a sharp and sudden drop in traffic. Again, so this is such a general question. Thanks in advance.

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  • Lubuntu: How do I arrange windows with keyboard shortcuts?

    - by iveand
    I have been testing with Lubuntu and have found it really pleasant. However, I cannot find an answer for one essential (for me) feature: being able to arrange windows with keyboard shortcuts. In Ubuntu this is done with the "Grid" plugin in "compizconfig-settings-manager". Unity uses this as well for window arranging. I am not interested in the "drag to the left to take up 1/2 the screen", but rather just the "hit some key combo" to put the active window to the left 1/2 of the screen, for example. I found this entry in "askubuntu" asking a very similar question: Is there a way to make Openbox behave like the Compiz Grid plugin? But it seems the "answer to this question", namely pyTile (http://sourceforge.net/projects/pytile/), doesn't do what I would like it to do. I don't want to tile all current windows, I want to resize one window at a time as I specify (left, right, top, center, bottom, 1/2, 2/3, 1/3, etc.). And I would prefer to do so with the keyboard. I think it possible to install compiz in Lubuntu, but this seems like "overkill" for this one feature (Grid keyboard shortcuts). Any help out there? It would REALLY MAKE MY DAY!!!

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  • Creating a Website Without a Framework [closed]

    - by James Jeffery
    I've been using PHP Frameworks for so long that I've actually forgot the "best practices" for create websites without one. Usually I will use Symfony, or more recently I've been using Laravel. A client wants a very simple website, but with certain parts of it dynamic. Due to the nature of the site using Wordpress, or a Framework, is out of the question. I'm a sucker for priding myself on my code, but I feel like I'm asking such a basic question that it's killing me to ask. But, what are the best practices for creating websites without a Framework? I like to live by the K.I.S.S (Keep It Simple Stupid!) method of thinking. So, my idea was to just create the .php pages that are required, do any page processing or database interaction on that page, then have the HTML below the closing PHP tag. I would have any helpers/functions in a functions.php file. This is what I remember doing way before I was using Frameworks, and to me it seems like a very old school way of doing things. I've not created a site without a Framework for literally 2+ years, so I've lost my way with the basics. Any advice would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Zoom Layer centered on a Sprite

    - by clops
    I am in process of developing a small game where a space-ship travels through a layer (doh!), in some situations the spaceship comes close to an enemy space ship, and the whole layer is zoomed in on the two with the zoom level being dependent on the distance between the ship and the enemy. All of this works fine. The main question, however, is how do I keep the zoom being centered on the center point between the two space-ships and make sure that the two are not off-screen? Currently I control the zooming in the GameLayer object through the update method, here is the code (there is no layer repositioning here yet): -(void) prepareLayerZoomBetweenSpaceship{ CGPoint mainSpaceShipPosition = [mainSpaceShip position]; CGPoint enemySpaceShipPosition = [enemySpaceShip position]; float distance = powf(mainSpaceShipPosition.x - enemySpaceShipPosition.x, 2) + powf(mainSpaceShipPosition.y - enemySpaceShipPosition.y,2); distance = sqrtf(distance); /* Distance > 250 --> no zoom Distance < 100 --> maximum zoom */ float myZoomLevel = 0.5f; if(distance < 100){ //maximum zoom in myZoomLevel = 1.0f; }else if(distance > 250){ myZoomLevel = 0.5f; }else{ myZoomLevel = 1.0f - (distance-100)*0.0033f; } [self zoomTo:myZoomLevel]; } -(void) zoomTo:(float)zoom { if(zoom > 1){ zoom = 1; } // Set the scale. if(self.scale != zoom){ self.scale = zoom; } } Basically my question is: How do I zoom the layer and center it exactly between the two ships? I guess this is like a pinch zoom with two fingers!

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  • What's the proper term for a function inverse to a constructor? Deconstructor, destructor, or something else?

    - by Petr Pudlák
    Edit: I'm rephrasing the question a bit. Apparently I caused some confusion because I didn't realize that the term destructor is used in OOP for something quite different - it's a function invoked when an object is being destroyed. In functional programming we (try to) avoid mutable state so there is no such equivalent to it. (I added the proper tag to the question.) Instead, I've seen that the record field for unwrapping a value (especially for single-valued data types such as newtypes) is sometimes called destructor or perhaps deconstructor. For example, let's have (in Haskell): newtype Wrap = Wrap { unwrap :: Int } Here Wrap is the constructor and unwrap is what? I've seen both, for example: ... Most often, one supplies smart constructors and destructors for these to ease working with them. ... at Haskell wiki, or ... The general theme here is to fuse constructor - deconstructor pairs like ... at Haskell wikibook (here it's probably meant in a bit more general sense). The questions are: How do we call unwrap in functional programming? Deconstructor? Destructor? Or by some other term? And to clarify, is this terminology applicable to other functional languages, or is it used just in the Has

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  • Was API hooking done as needed for Stuxnet to work? I don't think so

    - by The Kaykay
    Caveat: I am a political science student and I have tried my level best to understand the technicalities; if I still sound naive please overlook that. In the Symantec report on Stuxnet, the authors say that once the worm infects the 32-bit Windows computer which has a WINCC setup on it, Stuxnet does many things and that it specifically hooks the function CreateFileA(). This function is the route which the worm uses to actually infect the .s7p project files that are used to program the PLCs. ie when the PLC programmer opens a file with .s7p the control transfers to the hooked function CreateFileA_hook() instead of CreateFileA(). Once Stuxnet gains the control it covertly inserts code blocks into the PLC without the programmers knowledge and hides it from his view. However, it should be noted that there is also one more function called CreateFileW() which does the same task as CreateFileA() but both work on different character sets. CreateFileA works with ASCII character set and CreateFileW works with wide characters or Unicode character set. Farsi (the language of the Iranians) is a language that needs unicode character set and not ASCII Characters. I'm assuming that the developers of any famous commercial software (for ex. WinCC) that will be sold in many countries will take 'Localization' and/or 'Internationalization' into consideration while it is being developed in order to make the product fail-safe ie. the software developers would use UNICODE while compiling their code and not just 'ASCII'. Thus, I think that CreateFileW() would have been invoked on a WINCC system in Iran instead of CreateFileA(). Do you agree? My question is: If Stuxnet has hooked only the function CreateFileA() then based on the above assumption there is a significant chance that it did not work at all? I think my doubt will get clarified if: my assumption is proved wrong, or the Symantec report is proved incorrect. Please help me clarify this doubt. Note: I had posted this question on the general stackexchange website and did not get appropriate responses that I was looking for so I'm posting it here.

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  • Any ideas about how to make Programming Techniques Class more interesting.

    - by Eedoh
    Hello. I already found similar question here on SO, but almost all the answers were more philosophical, then practical. I'd like You to share some of Your PRACTICAL ideas about how to make my course more interesting. It doesn't matter how much effort it takes from me. I even thought about trying to motivate them to pick some topic in the beginning of the course and to work on it as some kind of real, small, startup project that they could maybe financially exploit once it's finished. But I'm afraid that most of them will not get the project to the end, and that it could be boring to them working on one thing all year long. Also I thought about involving them in Torcs, but I'm afraid most of them wouldn't be up to the task. Btw, Torcs is Car Racing Simulation, but there's an API for developers so they can develop their own AI for the driver, and then race their cars against the other programmer's AI's. I'm not asking here for problem examples, as I asked a separate question about that. I need ideas about making my lectures more interesting and fun.

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  • Is there an application that converts a PC into a video game kiosk/arcade machine?

    - by Rahil627
    Sorry to make the question so vague. What I ultimately want is software that allows people to play independent video games on a PC and not have to worry about maintaining it. Imagine a game that was made in a few hours that does not have a restart button and crashes often. It should be able to handle these kinds of things and do more! The software should: allow the game to be restarted manually handle game crashes (likely by restarting the game) restrict the user from doing anything crazy later... offer a UI to select the game from a list handle pre-configured key bindings cross-platform (start with windows) I just want to know if this exists already before I start creating one. As of now AutoHotKey is being used to do this sloppily. If such software does not exist then perhaps someone could recommend a general open source Kiosk software? Open Kiosk? I'll take anything. (I also could not find a related tag. Not even sure if this question should be here rather than stackoverflow)

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