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• How can Standard User change file associations in Windows 2000?

  - by Gary M. Mugford

  One of my clients is still running Win2K server with a host of Win2K workstations. And no net admin, due to the downturn of the economy over the years. I'm sort of helping out. Out of my depth, but I am a loyal foot soldier. A problem I encounter rather too often is a user double-clicks on a file in Explorer and then either gets no action, or the wrong program to run. It's a case of a missing or out-of-date file association. The current cure is to temporarily upgrade the user from Standard to Power, do the FA switch and then change back. As Winnie would whine, 'Oh, bother!' At any rate, I thought I'd ask here. Is there a method/program to run without the rigamarole FROM the Standard Users account on the workstation to edit/add a file association? I assume the program route would involve RunAs. I 'believe' most of the workstations run the RunAs service, but I could be wrong. I understand that's required, if there is to be a solution. Any help accepted with thanks. GM NOTE: Seems wassociate from http://www.xs4all.nl/~wstudios/Associate/index.html can resolve the issue.

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• How can I change the default location/action of 'Open Outlook Data File' in Outlook 2010?

  - by Chadddada

  I have recently deployed a Remote Desktop Host server that functions as a remote Microsoft Office 2010 work space for users. In part of the locking down of this server I have installed all programs on the D: drive and, through the use of Group Policy, hidden all the drives on the server from standard users. In addition to hiding these drives I am not allowing users to save anything locally (on the server) or open Libraries. However one of the functions of the server is to provide the Outlook client. Often users will have the .PST file stored on a network location and want to open this in Outlook. Can I change the default action or location that File Open Open Outlook Data File looks or tries to pull the file from? The default location seems to be under Users / Libraries. When click 'Open' you get a warning: This operation has been cancelled due to restrictions in effect on this computer. Clicking OK drops the user into a small menu that shows attached network drives under Computer. Can I instead have the 'Open' click drop the users in a defined network drive or just open computer and allow them to select a share? I don't want them to see the error message. A solution that looks to have been used for Office 2000/03 is: Key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\<version>\Outlook Value name: ForceOSTPath Value type: REG_EXPAND_SZ Value: path to your storage folder I am not sure if there is a better way to do this now OR if this even works with Office 2010.

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• Is there a way to change the string format for an existing CSR "Country Code" field from UTF8 to Printable String?

  - by Mike B

  CentOS 5.x The short version: Is there a way to change the encoding format for an existing CSR "Country Code" field from UTF8 to Printable String? The long version: I've got a CSR generated from a product using standard java security providers (jsse/jce). Some of the information in the CSR uses UTF8 Strings (which I understand is the preferred encoding requirement as of December 31, 2003 - RF 3280). The certificate authority I'm submitting the CSR to explicitly requires the Country Code to be specified as a PrintableString. My CSR has it listed as a UTF8 string. I went back to the latest RFC - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt. It seems to conflict specifically on countryName. Here's where it gets a little messy... The countryName is part of the relative DN. The relative DN is defined to be of type DirectoryString, which is defined as a choice of teletexString, printableString, universalString, utf8String, or bmpString. It also more specifically defines countryName as being either alpha (upper bound 2 bytes) or numeric (upper bound 3 bytes). Furthermore, in the appendix, it refers to the X520countryName, which is limited to be only a PrintableString of size 2. So, it is clear why it doesn't work. It appears that the certificate authority and Sun/Java do not agree on their interpretation of the requirements for the countryName. Is there anything I can do to modify the CSR to be compatible with the CA?

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• pg_dump not working - do I need to change order of $PATH?

  - by A4J

  I'm trying to set the $PATH to pick up the latest version of pg_dump as I'm currently getting a mismatch error while doing a migrate in my Rails app (I recently changed the schema type to SQL). I have added a new file in /etc/profile.d called pg_dump.sh, and inside that put: PG_DUMP=/usr/pgsql-9.1 export PG_DUMP PATH=$PATH:$PG_DUMP/bin export PATH On looking at echo $PATH, I get: /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/bin:/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin:/usr/local/rvm/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/pgsql-9.1/bin:/root/bin And I still get the error. Do I need to change the order? If so any ideas how? Output of 'ls /usr/pgsql-9.1/bin': clusterdb droplang pg_archivecleanup pg_ctl pg_standby psql createdb dropuser pg_basebackup pg_dump pg_test_fsync reindexdb createlang ecpg pgbench pg_dumpall pg_upgrade vacuumdb createuser initdb pg_config pg_resetxlog postgres vacuumlo dropdb oid2name pg_controldata pg_restore postmaster And output of 'which pg_dump': /usr/bin/pg_dump Error message on running cap 'deploy:migrate': ** [out :: 46.4.9.199] pg_dump: server version: 9.1.4; pg_dump version: 8.4.11 ** [out :: 46.4.9.199] pg_dump: aborting because of server version mismatch ** [out :: 46.4.9.199] rake aborted! ** [out :: 46.4.9.199] Error dumping database output of 'pg_dump --version': pg_dump (PostgreSQL) 8.4.11

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• Change the order of IP addresses returned by ifconfig?

  - by erikcw

  I have an Ubuntu server with several IP addresses attached to it. 127.0.0.1 is listed as venet0 by ifconfig. I'm using Chef to configure the server. The problem is that chef is listing 127.0.0.1 as the IP address for the server instead of one of the server's "real" IPs. (apparent "ohai ipaddress" uses the first IP listed by ifconfig to determine the server's IP). How can I change the order so the servers main IP is listed first instead of the 127.0.0.1? Can venet0 be deleted and venet0:0 be "promoted" to take its place since 127.0.0.1 is already listed in the "lo" interface? lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:16700 (16.7 KB) TX bytes:16700 (16.7 KB) venet0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:127.0.0.1 P-t-P:127.0.0.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:7622207 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8183436 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2102750761 (2.1 GB) TX bytes:2795213667 (2.7 GB) venet0:0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:XXX.XXX.XXX.XX1 P-t-P:XXX.XXX.XXX.XX1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 venet0:1 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:XXX.XXX.XXX.XX2 P-t-P:XXX.XXX.XXX.XX2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 route -n route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.0.2.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 venet0 0.0.0.0 192.0.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 venet0

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• Is it possible to change "working directory" of XeTeX?

  - by Herbert Sitz

  Using XeTeX there are many working files that get created in process of producing the pdf, and they litter the directory where my main .tex file is. Is it possible to change the working directory of XeTeX so that it stores all these scratch files in some other directory, out of the way? There is a previous question on Superuser.com that discusses a utility that cleans up the working files by deleting them after they're produced: http://superuser.com/questions/95712/how-to-avoid-littering-ones-tex-directories-with-intermediate-files That solution doesn't work for me since I'm using XeTeX, but also it seems like it would be preferable to simply be able to designate a "scratch" directory where all working files are saved. I haven't been able to find any info on how to do it though. Is there a way? (My question is prompted partly because of the fact that I often work with files in a directory that is shared using DropBox, so it creates a lot of unnecessary traffic if files are getting created and destroyed willy nilly. I don't know if it affects speed in any way, but the idea of having a separate working directory that is not shared/replicated by DropBox would be a cleaner solution, even if I could use the method suggested in the earlier thread.)

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• Is there a faster way to change default apps associated with file types on OS X?

  - by Lri

  Is there anything more convenient than using RCDefaultApp or Magic Launch, or just repeatedly pressing the Change All buttons in Finder's information panels? I thought about writing a shell script that would modify the CFBundleDocumentTypes arrays in Info.plist files. But each app has multiple keys (sometimes an icon) that would need to be changed. lsregister can't be used to make specific modifications to the Launch Services database. $ `locate lsregister` -h lsregister: [OPTIONS] [ <path>... ] [ -apps <domain>[,domain]... ] [ -libs <domain>[,domain]... ] [ -all <domain>[,domain]... ] Paths are searched for applications to register with the Launch Service database. Valid domains are "system", "local", "network" and "user". Domains can also be specified using only the first letter. -kill Reset the Launch Services database before doing anything else -seed If database isn't seeded, scan default locations for applications and libraries to register -lint Print information about plist errors while registering bundles -convert Register apps found in older LS database files -lazy n Sleep for n seconds before registering/scanning -r Recursive directory scan, do not recurse into packages or invisible directories -R Recursive directory scan, descending into packages and invisible directories -f force-update registration even if mod date is unchanged -u unregister instead of register -v Display progress information -dump Display full database contents after registration -h Display this help

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• Is there a command to change primary group for a new user in Cygwin?

  - by Rob Gilliam

  Is there a way to set a (new) user's primary group in Cygwin's /etc/passwd file without hand-editing the file? I have a local group set up for members of the Dev Team on a Windows Server 2008 R2 box so that we can all modify a particular group files, but the regular users can only read them. As some of the work we do uses scripts that rely on Cygwin tools, this group is also in the /etc/group file. When I need to add a new user to the "Dev Team" group, I add them in Server Manager, and then use mkpasswd to add that user to Cygwin's /etc/passwd file. Unfortunately, they get the regular Domain Users group assigned as their primary group and I then have to go in and edit the passwd file to change the group. I now need to write some instructions for someone else who is not au fait with UNIX/Linux/Cygwin so that they can set up new Dev Team users and obviously "hand editing" /etc/passwd is a recipe for disaster if you don't know what you're doing. So, is there a way of getting mkpasswd to set a different primary group, or another tool like Linux's usermod which can be used for the purpose of changing the group in a more controlled manner?

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• SBS 2008 R2: Did something change with anonymous relays?

  - by gravyface

  Have noticed that prior documentation on setting up anonymous relays in SBS 2008 no longer work without some additional configuration. Used to be able to follow this documentation, which is basically: setup a new receive connector add the IP address(es) that will be permitted to relay check off "anonymous" under Permission Group and then run the Exchange shell script to grant permissions. Now what seems to be happening is that if the permitted IP address happens to fall within the same address space as another more restrictive Receive Connector (like the "Default SBS08" one) and possibly if it's ahead of the new Receive Connector alphabetically (haven't tested that yet), the relay attempt fails with "Client Was Not Authenticated" error. To get it to work, I had to modify the scope of the "Default SBS08" Receive Connector to exclude the one LAN IP that I wanted to allow relaying for. I can't recall ever having to do this for Exchange 2007 Standard and/or any other SBS 2008 servers I've setup over the last couple of years and I don't remember doing this and the wiki entry I added at the office doesn't mention it either. So my question is, has anyone else experienced this? Has there been a new change with R2 or perhaps an Exchange Service Pack?

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• In Wireshark's Protocol Hierarchy Statistics screen, is the total byte count of a capture the sum of the Bytes column or just the top line (Frame)?

  - by Howiecamp

  Part 1 - I'm looking at Wireshark's Protocol Hierarchy Statistics screen (sample below), is the total byte count of the capture the sum of the Bytes column or just the top line (Frame)? I'm 99% that it's the latter because of protocol rollup but I wanted to conform. Part 2 - From Wireshark documentation on this screen, "Protocol layers can consist of packets that won't contain any higher layer protocol, so the sum of all higher layer packets may not sum up to the protocols packet count. Example: In the screenshot TCP has 85,83% but the sum of the subprotocols (HTTP, ...) is much less. This may be caused by TCP protocol overhead, e.g. TCP ACK packets won't be counted as packets of the higher layer)." Can you explain this?

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• How can I change the default program installation directory in Windows 7?

  - by Max

  Windows 7 is installed on my C drive, which is quite small. I am very tired of instructing new programs to put their files on my larger D drive during installation; I would like to change the default drive. This article says that you can use a registry hack, but I am giving Microsoft the benefit of the doubt and naively assuming that a configuration option exists somewhere. It's 2010... do I really have to hack my registry to make a simple tweak like this? Also, there's a ServerFault question that explains how to move the "Users" directory and create a symlink, which could also work. However, at the moment I have some apps in C:\Program Files, some apps in C:\Program Files (x86), and some apps in the corresponding folders on D:\, so it would be a hassle. Also, my small OS boot drive is a 10k RPM WD Raptor, and I feel like that probably gives a speed boost to apps installed on it that need to read & write to their directories a bunch. I wonder if it actually matters.

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• How can I change the location of my ip address to Orlando, FL from other city where I live and using forum/chat-room? [on hold]

  - by MSEUCF

  I live in West Palm Beach, Florida. However, I am attending to school at University of Center Florida for materials science and engineering. Right now, I am on vacation and live in WPB, FL. There is one certainly problem when I login at private forum I'm getting error for not same the ip-address so I had to make new account with false information in city and still unable to success. Of course, it won't do that due to policy from forum required the ip-address has to be same in Orlando, FL. local only. How can I change the location of my ip address to Orlando? Also, in chat-room from forum it would show my ip-address so I'd be in trouble if they find out that I am not live in Orlando. Please help with me. Tell me how to change ip adress step and step. Thank you. *I use AT&T and Belkin Router Wifi. Forgiven me for my English is not very well. ESL. I am a foreign student.

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• facebook connect for android returns a blank login screen?

  - by jonney

  Hi, i am trying to use the old facebook connect authentication to authenticate my android client to get the necessary session id's and other credentials thats needed to start using the web service of facebook. the issue i am having is that when my android application launces and tries to load the login page for facebook, that very same login page is blank and it only displays the the facebook logo as the title of the screen. No login fields or buttons are visible leaving me nowhere to login and authenticate a user. i have tried two API's one is facebook connect api for android http://code.google.com/p/fbconnect-android/ and the other one is the official android facebook sdk that is recommended to be used instead of the previous one i have just mentioned https://github.com/facebook/facebook-android-sdk/ . please see the image below of how it looks like on my app. Here is code that uses the latest android sdk facebook: /** * Authenticate facebook network */ private void authenticateFacebook() { // TODO: move this away from this activty class into some kind of // helper/wrapper class Log.d(TAG, "Clicked on the facebook"); Facebook facebook = new Facebook(OAUTH_KEY_FACEBOOK_API); facebook.authorize(this, new AuthorizeListener()); } class AuthorizeListener implements DialogListener{ @Override public void onComplete(Bundle values) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Log.d(TAG, "finished authorizing facebook user"); } @Override public void onFacebookError(FacebookError e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void onError(DialogError e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void onCancel() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } } And a simple example of how to use it: http://developers.facebook.com/docs/guides/mobile/ My code is more or less identical to the above example. edit: i did not catch what logcat was inputing in my first attempted at my code above but their was no exceptions or warnings thrown at the time. just a blank page. i then tried it again and diddnt touch my code and what happens now is that a loading dialogue view pops up and stays their for a few minutes until the facebook windows disapears and the logcat outputs the error below: 11-18 17:26:19.913: DEBUG/Facebook-WebView(783): Webview loading URL: https://www.facebook.com/dialog/oauth?type=user_agent&redirect_uri=fbconnect%3A%2F%2Fsuccess&display=touch&client_id=e??????????????????? 11-18 17:27:01.756: DEBUG/Facebook-authorize(783): Login failed: com.kc.unity.agent.util.oauth.facebook.DialogError: The connection to the server was unsuccessful. 11-18 17:27:01.783: DEBUG/Facebook-WebView(783): Webview loading URL: https://www.facebook.com/dialog/oauth?type=user_agent&redirect_uri=fbconnect%3A%2F%2Fsuccess&display=touch&client_id=??????????????? please note that the client id i have amended for obvious reasons but the rest of the logcat is untouched

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• How can I scroll my custom view? I want to see the shapes drawn over the bounds of the screen

  - by antonio Musella

  I have a Custom view ... package nan.salsa.goal.customview; import android.R; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.drawable.ShapeDrawable; import android.graphics.drawable.shapes.RectShape; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; public class DayView extends View { private static String TAG="DayView"; private ShapeDrawable mDrawable; public DayView(Context context) { super(context); } public DayView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } public DayView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); init(); } public void init() { int x = 10; int y = 10; mDrawable = new ShapeDrawable(new RectShape()); mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(Color.GREEN); mDrawable.setBounds(x, y, x + (width - (x * 2)), y + (height - (y*2))); mDrawable.draw(canvas); for (int i = 1; i < 30; i++) { boxDrawable = new ShapeDrawable(new RectShape()); boxDrawable.setBounds(x + x , y + (100 * i) , x + (width - ((x + x) * 2)), y + (100 * i) + 50); boxDrawable.getPaint().setColor(Color.RED); boxDrawable.draw(canvas); } } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onDraw(canvas); setBackgroundColor(R.color.black); mDrawable.draw(canvas); } } with this simple configuration file : <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:background="#E06F00"> <nan.salsa.goal.customview.DayView android:id="@+id/dayView" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_width="fill_parent" /> </LinearLayout> In my view I want to scroll to see the shapes drawn over the bounds of the screen .. How I can do it? Regards, Antonio Musella

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• How do I Print a dynamically created Flex component/chart that is not being displayed on the screen?

  - by Adam Jones

  I have a several chart components that I have created in Flex. Basically I have set up a special UI that allows the user to select which of these charts they want to print. When they press the print button each of the selected charts is created dynamically then added to a container. Then I send this container off to FlexPrintJob. i.e. private function prePrint():void { var printSelection:Box = new Box(); printSelection.percentHeight = 100; printSelection.percentWidth = 100; printSelection.visible = true; if (this.chkMyChart1.selected) { var rptMyChart1:Chart1Panel = new Chart1Panel(); rptMyChart1.percentHeight = 100; rptMyChart1.percentWidth = 100; rptMyChart1.visible = true; printSelection.addChild(rptMyChart1); } print(printSelection); } private function print(container:Box):void { var job:FlexPrintJob; job = new FlexPrintJob(); if (job.start()) { job.addObject(container, FlexPrintJobScaleType.MATCH_WIDTH); job.send(); } } This code works fine if the chart is actually displayed somewhere on the page but adding it dynamically as shown above does not. The print dialog will appear but nothing happens when I press OK. So I really have two questions: Is it possible to print flex components/charts when they are not visible on the screen? If so, how do I do it / what am I doing wrong? UPDATE: Well, at least one thing wrong is my use of the percentages in the width and height. Using percentages doesn't really make sense when the Box is not contained in another object. Changing the height and width to fixed values actually allows the printing to progress and solves my initial problem. printSelection.height = 100; printSelection.width = 100; But a new problem arises in that instead of seeing my chart, I see a black box instead. I have previously resolved this issue by setting the background colour of the chart to #FFFFFF but this doesn't seem to be working this time. UPDATE 2: I have seen some examples on the adobe site that add the container to the application but don't include it in the layout. This looks like the way to go. i.e. printSelection.includeInLayout = false; addChild(printSelection);

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• SDL_BlitSurface() not displaying image?

  - by Christian Gonzalez

  So I'm trying to display a simply image with the SDL library, but when I use the function SDL_BlitSurface() nothing happens, and all I get is a black screen. I should also note that I have the .bmp file, the source, and the executable file all in the same directory. //SDL Header #include "SDL/SDL.h" int main(int argc, char* args[]) { //Starts SDL SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING); //SDL Surfaces are images that are going to be displayed. SDL_Surface* Hello = NULL; SDL_Surface* Screen = NULL; //Sets the size of the window (Length, Height, Color(bits), Sets the Surface in Software Memory) Screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 32, SDL_SWSURFACE); //Loads a .bmp image Hello = SDL_LoadBMP("Hello.bmp"); //Applies the loaded image to the screen SDL_BlitSurface(Hello, NULL, Screen, NULL); //Update Screen SDL_Flip(Screen); //Pause SDL_Delay(2000); //Deletes the loaded image from memory SDL_FreeSurface(Hello); //Quits SDL SDL_Quit(); return 0; }

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• How can I stop the iPhone from displaying a transform change until after the screen is redrawn

  - by Ed Marty

  I have found the UIScrollView's zooming mechanism to be clunk and essentially unusable. So instead, I'm rolling my own. I have a UIView that resizes itself with the pinch-zoom, and that's working fine. When the zoom is complete, the view needs to reset its transform and redraw the images. The zoom works essentially in the same way the UIScrollView does. It sets the transform property of the UIView until complete. Then, when the zoom finishes, I want to reset the transform to CGAffineTransformIdentity, resize the frame to be the size it was before, and tell the view to redraw itself at the new size. It all works pretty well, except when I change the transform to identity then redraw the image, there is a slight flicker before the image completely redraws. This is due to the fact that I'm using a subclass of CATiledLayer, since the view can be of arbitrary size. I've overridden the fadeDuration to be zero, but there is still a flicker while the transform is reset before the redraw is finished. Is there any simple way to overcome this without creating another view to draw with then replacing it?

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• How to release my view from stack ?

  - by aman-gupta

  Hi, In my application I m using following coding convention to open my default screen :-- AppDelegate *ptrDefaultScreen = (AppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication]delegate]; [self.navigationController presentModalViewController:ptrDefaultScreen.FrmFlashScreenLink animated:YES]; but when I move to other screen after default screen ,my default screen is still exists even i used [self dismissModelViewController:YES]; to dimiss default screen from view. where I m wrong I want my default screen will be completely removed from view. Is any other way to call default screen before actual application. Please help me out.Thanks in advance

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• How to change SMP affinity of an IRQ on Ubuntu domU inside Xen XCP?

  - by Alexander Gladysh

  I'd like to change IRQ SMP affinity for reasons, outlined in this question: CPU0 is swamped with eth1 interrupts But I can't — I see Input/output error when I try to write to /proc/irq/*/smp_affinity. Please point me to the HOWTO on the matter. (A formal reference on /proc/irq/*/ would be cool as well.) Gory details: Note that this is a VM inside an Ubuntu-based Xen XCP host. $ uname -a Linux MYHOST 2.6.38-15-virtual #59-Ubuntu SMP Fri Apr 27 16:40:18 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux $ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 11.04 Release: 11.04 Codename: natty $ sudo cat /proc/irq/*/smp_affinity 01 01 01 01 01 80 80 80 80 80 80 40 40 40 40 40 40 20 20 20 20 20 20 10 10 10 10 10 10 08 08 08 08 08 08 04 04 04 04 04 04 02 02 02 02 02 02 01 01 01 01 01 01 Update. The error details: $ N=$(grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo) $ echo $N 8 $ printf %x $((2**N-1)) ff $ printf %x $((2**N-1)) | sudo tee /proc/irq/*/smp_affinity fftee: /proc/irq/288/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/289/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/290/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/291/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/292/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/293/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/294/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/295/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/296/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/297/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/298/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/299/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/300/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/301/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/302/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/303/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/304/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/305/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/306/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/307/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/308/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/309/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/310/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/311/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/312/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/313/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/314/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/315/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/316/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/317/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/318/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/319/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/320/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/321/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/322/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/323/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/324/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/325/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/326/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/327/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/328/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/329/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/330/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/331/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/332/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/333/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/334/smp_affinity: Input/output error tee: /proc/irq/335/smp_affinity: Input/output error Update. irqbalance is running: $ sudo service irqbalance status irqbalance start/running, process 560

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• Hot-swap drive got new name, can I change it on-the-fly?

  - by T.J. Crowder

  One of the HDDs in my server's RAID config failed, so I took it out of the array and had the data center hot-swap it. They've done that, but now the new drive is /dev/sdc rather than /dev/sda. I suspect — correct me if I'm wrong — that if I reboot the server, it will be /dev/sda again, so I'm hesitant to add it back to the array as /dev/sdc because I don't want to lay a trap for myself to fall into on the next reboot. I'd just as soon not reboot the server if I don't need to (if I do need to, well, too bad for me). Is there a way I can change the device name from /dev/sdc to /dev/sda without rebooting? This is on Ubuntu 10.04 LTS. It's an md array ("Linux Software RAID"), where currently one of the devices (there are a couple of them) looks like this ("degraded" because I've removed the old /dev/sda from it): # mdadm --detail /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 00.90.03 Creation Time : Sun Oct 11 21:07:54 2009 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 97536 (95.27 MiB 99.88 MB) Used Dev Size : 97536 (95.27 MiB 99.88 MB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Jun 30 09:31:16 2011 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 496be7a5:ab9177ed:7792c71e:7dc17aa4 Events : 0.112 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1 1 0 0 1 removed Thanks, Update: Reading through the kernel md documentation, I suspect that if the name changes on reboot, it won't matter. (Good design, that.) Here's why: Boot time autodetection of RAID arrays When md is compiled into the kernel (not as module), partitions of type 0xfd are scanned and automatically assembled into RAID arrays. This autodetection may be suppressed with the kernel parameter "raid=noautodetect". As of kernel 2.6.9, only drives with a type 0 superblock can be autodetected and run at boot time. The kernel parameter "raid=partitionable" (or "raid=part") means that all auto-detected arrays are assembled as partitionable. I do have md compiled into the kernel, so I'm rebuilding the array now and will do the reboot to see what happens. Even if it works, the above doesn't answer the question I actually asked, so unless someone comes along and answers that question in the meantime (I'd be interested, even if it's not necessary for what I'm doing this very moment), I'll just delete the question to keep noise down.

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• How can I change how OS X's 'say' command pronounces a word?

  - by jwhitlock

  OS X's say command is useful for some tasks (such as Skype's 'notify me when a contact comes online), but it is pronouncing some names incorrectly. Is there a way to teach say to pronounce a word differently? For example, try: say "Hi, Joel Spolsky" The 'ol' sounds like 'ball' rather than 'old'. I'd like to add an exception that say "Pronounce Spolsky like this", rather than try to teach new linguistic rules. I bet there is a way since it can pronounce "iphone" as Apple wants. Update - After some research, here's what I've learned: Text-to-speech is split between turning the text to phonemes, and then the phonemes are turned into audio using a voice. Changing the voice doesn't effect the phonemes. The Speech Synthesis Manager has some functions for turning text to phonemes, and a method for registering a speech dictionary that will add new text-phoneme maps. However, Apple's speech dictionary must be in a binary form - I didn't find any plist XML. Using dtrace while running say, I found some interesting files opened in /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/SpeechDictionary.framework/Resources. This is probably the speech dictionary, but they are all binary, except for Homophones, which is XML. Adding entries to Homophones does nothing - it is probably used in speech-to-text. They are also code signed by Apple - changing them may prevent some programs from working. PrefixDictionary CartNames CartLite SymbolDictionary Homophones There are ways to add text versions of application interface elements so VoiceOver works, a lot of which a developer gets for free, but there are tricky bits. The standard here appears to be to use a phonetic spelling as needed. My guesses are: say is a light layer of code on top of the Speech Synthesis Manager. It would be easy for the Apple devs to add a command line option to take the path to a speech dictionary plist for alternate phoneme mapping, but they didn't. It may be a useful open-source project to write a better say. Skype probably uses Speech Synthesis Manager directly, leaving no hooks to change the way my friend's names are pronounced, other than spelling them phonetically, which is silly. The easiest way to make a command line version of say is how JRobert suggested. Here's my quick implementation, using Doug Harris's spelling suggestion: #!/bin/sh echo $@ | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' | sed "s/spolsky/spowlsky/g" | /usr/bin/say Finally, some fun command line stuff: # Apple is weird sqlite3 /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/SpeechDictionary.framework/Resources/Tuples .dump # Get too much information about what files are being opened sudo dtrace -n 'syscall::open*:entry { printf("%s %s",execname,copyinstr(arg0)); }' # Just fun say -v bad "Joel Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky, Joel Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky Spolsky" echo "scale=1000; 4*a(1)" | bc -l | say

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• Why Is Vertical Resolution Monitor Resolution so Often a Multiple of 360?

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Stare at a list of monitor resolutions long enough and you might notice a pattern: many of the vertical resolutions, especially those of gaming or multimedia displays, are multiples of 360 (720, 1080, 1440, etc.) But why exactly is this the case? Is it arbitrary or is there something more at work? Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites. The Question SuperUser reader Trojandestroy recently noticed something about his display interface and needs answers: YouTube recently added 1440p functionality, and for the first time I realized that all (most?) vertical resolutions are multiples of 360. Is this just because the smallest common resolution is 480×360, and it’s convenient to use multiples? (Not doubting that multiples are convenient.) And/or was that the first viewable/conveniently sized resolution, so hardware (TVs, monitors, etc) grew with 360 in mind? Taking it further, why not have a square resolution? Or something else unusual? (Assuming it’s usual enough that it’s viewable). Is it merely a pleasing-the-eye situation? So why have the display be a multiple of 360? The Answer SuperUser contributor User26129 offers us not just an answer as to why the numerical pattern exists but a history of screen design in the process: Alright, there are a couple of questions and a lot of factors here. Resolutions are a really interesting field of psychooptics meeting marketing. First of all, why are the vertical resolutions on youtube multiples of 360. This is of course just arbitrary, there is no real reason this is the case. The reason is that resolution here is not the limiting factor for Youtube videos – bandwidth is. Youtube has to re-encode every video that is uploaded a couple of times, and tries to use as little re-encoding formats/bitrates/resolutions as possible to cover all the different use cases. For low-res mobile devices they have 360×240, for higher res mobile there’s 480p, and for the computer crowd there is 360p for 2xISDN/multiuser landlines, 720p for DSL and 1080p for higher speed internet. For a while there were some other codecs than h.264, but these are slowly being phased out with h.264 having essentially ‘won’ the format war and all computers being outfitted with hardware codecs for this. Now, there is some interesting psychooptics going on as well. As I said: resolution isn’t everything. 720p with really strong compression can and will look worse than 240p at a very high bitrate. But on the other side of the spectrum: throwing more bits at a certain resolution doesn’t magically make it better beyond some point. There is an optimum here, which of course depends on both resolution and codec. In general: the optimal bitrate is actually proportional to the resolution. So the next question is: what kind of resolution steps make sense? Apparently, people need about a 2x increase in resolution to really see (and prefer) a marked difference. Anything less than that and many people will simply not bother with the higher bitrates, they’d rather use their bandwidth for other stuff. This has been researched quite a long time ago and is the big reason why we went from 720×576 (415kpix) to 1280×720 (922kpix), and then again from 1280×720 to 1920×1080 (2MP). Stuff in between is not a viable optimization target. And again, 1440P is about 3.7MP, another ~2x increase over HD. You will see a difference there. 4K is the next step after that. Next up is that magical number of 360 vertical pixels. Actually, the magic number is 120 or 128. All resolutions are some kind of multiple of 120 pixels nowadays, back in the day they used to be multiples of 128. This is something that just grew out of LCD panel industry. LCD panels use what are called line drivers, little chips that sit on the sides of your LCD screen that control how bright each subpixel is. Because historically, for reasons I don’t really know for sure, probably memory constraints, these multiple-of-128 or multiple-of-120 resolutions already existed, the industry standard line drivers became drivers with 360 line outputs (1 per subpixel). If you would tear down your 1920×1080 screen, I would be putting money on there being 16 line drivers on the top/bottom and 9 on one of the sides. Oh hey, that’s 16:9. Guess how obvious that resolution choice was back when 16:9 was ‘invented’. Then there’s the issue of aspect ratio. This is really a completely different field of psychology, but it boils down to: historically, people have believed and measured that we have a sort of wide-screen view of the world. Naturally, people believed that the most natural representation of data on a screen would be in a wide-screen view, and this is where the great anamorphic revolution of the ’60s came from when films were shot in ever wider aspect ratios. Since then, this kind of knowledge has been refined and mostly debunked. Yes, we do have a wide-angle view, but the area where we can actually see sharply – the center of our vision – is fairly round. Slightly elliptical and squashed, but not really more than about 4:3 or 3:2. So for detailed viewing, for instance for reading text on a screen, you can utilize most of your detail vision by employing an almost-square screen, a bit like the screens up to the mid-2000s. However, again this is not how marketing took it. Computers in ye olden days were used mostly for productivity and detailed work, but as they commoditized and as the computer as media consumption device evolved, people didn’t necessarily use their computer for work most of the time. They used it to watch media content: movies, television series and photos. And for that kind of viewing, you get the most ‘immersion factor’ if the screen fills as much of your vision (including your peripheral vision) as possible. Which means widescreen. But there’s more marketing still. When detail work was still an important factor, people cared about resolution. As many pixels as possible on the screen. SGI was selling almost-4K CRTs! The most optimal way to get the maximum amount of pixels out of a glass substrate is to cut it as square as possible. 1:1 or 4:3 screens have the most pixels per diagonal inch. But with displays becoming more consumery, inch-size became more important, not amount of pixels. And this is a completely different optimization target. To get the most diagonal inches out of a substrate, you want to make the screen as wide as possible. First we got 16:10, then 16:9 and there have been moderately successful panel manufacturers making 22:9 and 2:1 screens (like Philips). Even though pixel density and absolute resolution went down for a couple of years, inch-sizes went up and that’s what sold. Why buy a 19″ 1280×1024 when you can buy a 21″ 1366×768? Eh… I think that about covers all the major aspects here. There’s more of course; bandwidth limits of HDMI, DVI, DP and of course VGA played a role, and if you go back to the pre-2000s, graphics memory, in-computer bandwdith and simply the limits of commercially available RAMDACs played an important role. But for today’s considerations, this is about all you need to know. Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.     

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• Displaylink USB show "Logo / Loading" on monitor

  - by Ken Le

  I tried with this problem for 2 years already. LOL, today, I install Ubuntu for I have to resolve it or I will back to stupid Windows 7. First, I have 3 monitors. My graphic card is support dual ( ATI Radeon ), so I have no problem on extend those multi monitor on VGA and DVI. The 3rd monitor is Displaylink USB. After installed everything required, when I reboot, the displaylink monitor show "Ubuntu ...." like logo / loading screen. I go to System Display , Detect monitor, it only show my 1st and 2nd, NO 3RD Displaylink. I can move my mouse between those 1st & 2nd, but the 3rd is only show the Ubuntu Screen. I press Ctrl+Alt+1, then screen switch to Displaylink USB 3RD monitor, but its "Terminal" not a desktop. Then I press Ctrl+Alt+7 , the screen switch back to my 1st, 2nd, and the displaylink 3rd is witch back to Logo / Ubuntu again. This is my /etc/X11/xorg.conf : Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "X.org Configured" Screen 0 "aticonfig-Screen[0]-0" 0 0 Screen 1 "DisplayLinkScreen" Leftof "aticonfig-Screen[0]-0" InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer" InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard" EndSection Section "Files" ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" FontPath "/var/lib/defoma/x-ttcidfont-conf.d/dirs/TrueType" FontPath "built-ins" EndSection Section "Module" Load "glx" Load "dri2" Load "dbe" Load "dri" Load "record" Load "extmod" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Keyboard0" Driver "kbd" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "Protocol" "auto" Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "aticonfig-Monitor[0]-0" Option "VendorName" "ATI Proprietary Driver" Option "ModelName" "Generic Autodetecting Monitor" Option "DPMS" "true" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "DisplayLinkMonitor" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "0-DFP1" Option "VendorName" "ATI Proprietary Driver" Option "ModelName" "Generic Autodetecting Monitor" Option "DPMS" "true" Option "PreferredMode" "1680x1050" Option "TargetRefresh" "60" Option "Position" "0 0" Option "Rotate" "normal" Option "Disable" "false" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "0-CRT2" Option "VendorName" "ATI Proprietary Driver" Option "ModelName" "Generic Autodetecting Monitor" Option "DPMS" "true" Option "PreferredMode" "1920x1080" Option "TargetRefresh" "60" Option "Position" "1680 0" Option "Rotate" "normal" Option "Disable" "false" EndSection Section "Device" ### Available Driver options are:- ### Values: <i>: integer, <f>: float, <bool>: "True"/"False", ### <string>: "String", <freq>: "<f> Hz/kHz/MHz", ### <percent>: "<f>%" ### [arg]: arg optional #Option "NoAccel" # [<bool>] #Option "SWcursor" # [<bool>] #Option "Dac6Bit" # [<bool>] #Option "Dac8Bit" # [<bool>] #Option "BusType" # [<str>] #Option "CPPIOMode" # [<bool>] #Option "CPusecTimeout" # <i> #Option "AGPMode" # <i> #Option "AGPFastWrite" # [<bool>] #Option "AGPSize" # <i> #Option "GARTSize" # <i> #Option "RingSize" # <i> #Option "BufferSize" # <i> #Option "EnableDepthMoves" # [<bool>] #Option "EnablePageFlip" # [<bool>] #Option "NoBackBuffer" # [<bool>] #Option "DMAForXv" # [<bool>] #Option "FBTexPercent" # <i> #Option "DepthBits" # <i> #Option "PCIAPERSize" # <i> #Option "AccelDFS" # [<bool>] #Option "IgnoreEDID" # [<bool>] #Option "CustomEDID" # [<str>] #Option "DisplayPriority" # [<str>] #Option "PanelSize" # [<str>] #Option "ForceMinDotClock" # <freq> #Option "ColorTiling" # [<bool>] #Option "VideoKey" # <i> #Option "RageTheatreCrystal" # <i> #Option "RageTheatreTunerPort" # <i> #Option "RageTheatreCompositePort" # <i> #Option "RageTheatreSVideoPort" # <i> #Option "TunerType" # <i> #Option "RageTheatreMicrocPath" # <str> #Option "RageTheatreMicrocType" # <str> #Option "ScalerWidth" # <i> #Option "RenderAccel" # [<bool>] #Option "SubPixelOrder" # [<str>] #Option "ClockGating" # [<bool>] #Option "VGAAccess" # [<bool>] #Option "ReverseDDC" # [<bool>] #Option "LVDSProbePLL" # [<bool>] #Option "AccelMethod" # <str> #Option "DRI" # [<bool>] #Option "ConnectorTable" # <str> #Option "DefaultConnectorTable" # [<bool>] #Option "DefaultTMDSPLL" # [<bool>] #Option "TVDACLoadDetect" # [<bool>] #Option "ForceTVOut" # [<bool>] #Option "TVStandard" # <str> #Option "IgnoreLidStatus" # [<bool>] #Option "DefaultTVDACAdj" # [<bool>] #Option "Int10" # [<bool>] #Option "EXAVSync" # [<bool>] #Option "ATOMTVOut" # [<bool>] #Option "R4xxATOM" # [<bool>] #Option "ForceLowPowerMode" # [<bool>] #Option "DynamicPM" # [<bool>] #Option "NewPLL" # [<bool>] #Option "ZaphodHeads" # <str> Identifier "Card0" Driver "radeon" BusID "PCI:5:0:0" EndSection Section "Device" ### Available Driver options are:- ### Values: <i>: integer, <f>: float, <bool>: "True"/"False", ### <string>: "String", <freq>: "<f> Hz/kHz/MHz", ### <percent>: "<f>%" ### [arg]: arg optional #Option "ShadowFB" # [<bool>] #Option "Rotate" # <str> #Option "fbdev" # <str> #Option "debug" # [<bool>] Identifier "Card1" Driver "fbdev" BusID "PCI:5:0:0" EndSection Section "Device" ### Available Driver options are:- ### Values: <i>: integer, <f>: float, <bool>: "True"/"False", ### <string>: "String", <freq>: "<f> Hz/kHz/MHz", ### <percent>: "<f>%" ### [arg]: arg optional #Option "ShadowFB" # [<bool>] #Option "DefaultRefresh" # [<bool>] #Option "ModeSetClearScreen" # [<bool>] Identifier "Card2" Driver "vesa" BusID "PCI:5:0:0" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "aticonfig-Device[0]-0" Driver "fglrx" Option "Monitor-DFP1" "0-DFP1" Option "Monitor-CRT2" "0-CRT2" BusID "PCI:5:0:0" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "DisplayLinkDevice" Driver "displaylink" Option "fbdev" "/dev/fb1" Option "ShadowFB" "off" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "aticonfig-Screen[0]-0" Device "aticonfig-Device[0]-0" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Virtual 3600 1920 Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "DisplayLinkScreen" Device "DisplayLinkDevice" Monitor "DisplayLinkMonitor" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Depth 24 Modes "1920x1080" EndSubSection EndSection

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• I want to change DPI with Imagemagick without changing the actual byte-size of the image data

  - by user1694803

  I feel so horribly sorry that I have to ask this question here, but after hours of researching how to do an actually very simple task I'm still failing... In Gimp there is a very simple way to do what I want. I only have the German dialog installed but I'll try to translate it. I'm talking about going to "Picture-PrintingSize" and then adjusting the Values "X-Resolution" and "Y-Resolution" which are known to me as so called DPI values. You can also choose the format which by default is "Pixel/Inch". (In German the dialog is "Bild-Druckgröße" and there "X-Auflösung" and "Y-Auflösung") Ok, the values there are often "72" by default. When I change them to e.g. "300" this has the effect that the image stays the same on the computer, but if I print it, it will be smaller if you look at it, but all the details are still there, just smaller - it has a higher resolution on the printed paper (but smaller size... which is fine for me). I am often doing that when I am working with LaTeX, or to be exact with the command "pdflatex" on a recent Ubuntu-Machine. When I'm doing the above process with Gimp manually everything works just fine. The images will appear smaller in the resulting PDF but with high printing quality. What I am trying to do is to automate the process of going into Gimp and adjusting the DPI values. Since Imagemagick is known to be superb and I used it for many other tasks I tried to achieve my goal with this tool. But it does just not do what I want. After trying a lot of things I think this actually is be the command that should be my friend: convert input.png -density 300 output.png This should set the DPI to 300, as I can read everywhere in the web. It seems to work. When I check the file it stays the same. file input.png output.png input.png: PNG image data, 611 x 453, 8-bit grayscale, non-interlaced output.png: PNG image data, 611 x 453, 8-bit grayscale, non-interlaced When I use this command, it seems like it did what I wanted: identify -verbose output.png | grep 300 Resolution: 300x300 PNG:pHYs : x_res=300, y_res=300, units=0 (Funny enough, the same output comes for input.png which confuses me... so this might be the wrong parameters to watch?) But when I now render my TeX with "pdflatex" the image is still big and blurry. Also when I open the image with Gimp again the DPI values are set to "72" instead of "300". So there actually was no effect at all. Now what is the problem here. Am I getting something completely wrong? I can't be that wrong since everything works just fine with Gimp... Thanks for any help in this. I am also open to other automated solutions which are easily done on a Linux system...

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• How to change the language of driver interface for Canon Pixma printers?

  - by Sammy

  Is there a way to change the language of the driver interface for Canon Pixma printers? Which language is used seems to be determined by the language of the OS or the Windows localization settings. I really don't want that, I want to be able to set the language manually to my own liking, either during the driver installation or afterwards. I have found a workaround for Pixma IP2770 where you edit the setup.ini file by replacing the language names and the DLL search paths with <SELECT> under the LANGUAGES section. So instead of... 0000=<SELECT> 0001=Arabic,RES\STRING\IJInstAR.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstAR.dll 0804=Simplified Chinese,RES\STRING\IJInstCN.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstCN.dll 0404=Traditional Chinese,RES\STRING\IJInstTW.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstTW.dll 0005=Czech,RES\STRING\IJInstCZ.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstCZ.dll 0006=Danish,RES\STRING\IJInstDK.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstDK.dll 0007=German,RES\STRING\IJInstDE.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstDE.dll 0008=Greek,RES\STRING\IJInstGR.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstGR.dll 0009=English,RES\STRING\IJInstUS.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstUS.dll 000A=Spanish,RES\STRING\IJInstES.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstES.dll 000B=Finnish,RES\STRING\IJInstFI.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstFI.dll 000C=French,RES\STRING\IJInstFR.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstFR.dll 000E=Hungarian,RES\STRING\IJInstHU.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstHU.dll 0010=Italian,RES\STRING\IJInstIT.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstIT.dll 0011=Japanese,RES\STRING\IJInstJP.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstJP.dll 0012=Korean,RES\STRING\IJInstKR.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstKR.dll 0013=Dutch,RES\STRING\IJInstNL.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstNL.dll 0014=Norwegian,RES\STRING\IJInstNO.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstNO.dll 0015=Polish,RES\STRING\IJInstPL.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstPL.dll 0016=Portuguese,RES\STRING\IJInstPT.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstPT.dll 0019=Russian,RES\STRING\IJInstRU.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstRU.dll 001D=Swedish,RES\STRING\IJInstSE.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstSE.dll 001E=Thai,RES\STRING\IJInstTH.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstTH.dll 001F=Turkish,RES\STRING\IJInstTR.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstTR.dll 0021=Indonesian,RES\STRING\IJInstID.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstID.dll You get.... 0000=<SELECT> 0001=<SELECT> 0804=<SELECT> 0404=<SELECT> 0005=<SELECT> 0006=<SELECT> 0007=<SELECT> 0008=<SELECT> 0009=English,RES\STRING\IJInstUS.ini,RES\DLL\IJInstUS.dll 000A=<SELECT> 000B=<SELECT> 000C=<SELECT> 000E=<SELECT> 0010=<SELECT> 0011=<SELECT> 0012=<SELECT> 0013=<SELECT> 0014=<SELECT> 0015=<SELECT> 0016=<SELECT> 0019=<SELECT> 001D=<SELECT> 001E=<SELECT> 001F=<SELECT> 0021=<SELECT> .... in case English is the preferred language. It's a way to force the installation program to only install the English language support. IP2770 is a model for the Asian market, so if you want to check this out you need to go to the Canon India download page (for instance) to get the driver. Unfortunately this method is not possible with my IP4000. There is no driver even available for it to download for Windows Vista. But is there really no way of changing the language of the UI in any normal way, you know... without having to hack it? Besides, the driver for my printer comes with Windows Vista, so I don't even have to install any drivers. And little do I get the chance to set the language, knowing that the installation never happens. Any ideas?...

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