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  • .NET Properties - Use Private Set or ReadOnly Property?

    - by tgxiii
    In what situation should I use a Private Set on a property versus making it a ReadOnly property? Take into consideration the two very simplistic examples below. First example: Public Class Person Private _name As String Public Property Name As String Get Return _name End Get Private Set(ByVal value As String) _name = value End Set End Property Public Sub WorkOnName() Dim txtInfo As TextInfo = _ Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.TextInfo Me.Name = txtInfo.ToTitleCase(Me.Name) End Sub End Class // ---------- public class Person { private string _name; public string Name { get { return _name; } private set { _name = value; } } public void WorkOnName() { TextInfo txtInfo = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.TextInfo; this.Name = txtInfo.ToTitleCase(this.Name); } } Second example: Public Class AnotherPerson Private _name As String Public ReadOnly Property Name As String Get Return _name End Get End Property Public Sub WorkOnName() Dim txtInfo As TextInfo = _ Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.TextInfo _name = txtInfo.ToTitleCase(_name) End Sub End Class // --------------- public class AnotherPerson { private string _name; public string Name { get { return _name; } } public void WorkOnName() { TextInfo txtInfo = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.TextInfo; _name = txtInfo.ToTitleCase(_name); } } They both yield the same results. Is this a situation where there's no right and wrong, and it's just a matter of preference?

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  • Slick2D - Entities and rendering

    - by Zarkopafilis
    I have been trying to create my very first game for quite a while, followed some tutorials and stuff, but I am stuck at creating my entity system. I have made a class that extends the Entity class and here it is: public class Lazer extends Entity{//Just say that it is some sort of bullet private Play p;//Play class(State) private float x; private float y; private int direction; public Lazer(Play p, float x , float y, int direction){ this.p = p; this.x = x; this.y = y; this.direction = direction; p.ent.add(this); } public int getDirection(){ return direction; //this one specifies what value will be increased (x/y) at update } public float getX(){ return x; } public float getY(){ return y; } public void setY(float y){ this.y = y; } public void setX(float x){ this.x = x; } } The class seems pretty good , after speding some hours googling what would be the right thing. Now, on my Play class. I cant figure out how to draw them. (I have added them to an arraylist) On the update method , I update the lazers based on their direction: public void moveLazers(int delta){ for(int i=0;i<ent.size();i++){ Lazer l = ent.get(i); if(l.getDirection() == 1){ l.setX(l.getX() + delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 2){ l.setX(l.getX() - delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 3){ l.setY(l.getY() + delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 4){ l.setY(l.getY() - delta * .1f); } } } Now , I am stuck at the render method. Anyway , is this the correct way of doing this or do I need to change stuff? Also I need to know if collision detection needs to be in the update method. Thanks in advance ~ Teo Ntakouris

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  • HTML5 data-* (custom data attribute)

    - by Renso
    Goal: Store custom data with the data attribute on any DOM element and retrieve it. Previously under HTML4 we used to use classes to store custom data, something to the affect of <input class="account void limit-5000 over-4999" /> and then have to parse the data out of the class In a book published by Peter-Paul Koch in 2007, ppk on JavaScript, he explains why and how to use custom attributes to make data more accessible to JavaScript, using name-value pairs. Accessing a custom attribute account-limit=5000 is much easier and more intuitive than trying to parse it out of a class, Plus, what if the class name for example "color-5" has a representative class definition in a CSS stylesheet that hides it away or worse some JavaScript plugin that automatically adds 5000 to it, or something crazy like that, just because it is a valid class name. As you can see there are quite a few reasons why using classes is a bad design and why it was important to define custom data attributes in HTML5. Syntax: You define the data attribute by simply prefixing any data item you want to store with any HTML element with "data-". For example to store our customers account data with a hidden input element: <input type="hidden" data-account="void" data-limit=5000 data-over=4999  /> How to access the data: account  -     element.dataset.account limit    -     element.dataset.limit You can also access it by using the more traditional get/setAttribute method or if using jQuery $('#element').attr('data-account','void') Browser support: All except for IE. There is an IE hack around this at http://gist.github.com/362081. Special Note: Be AWARE, do not use upper-case when defining your data elements as it is all converted to lower-case when reading it, so: data-myAccount="A1234" will not be found when you read it with: element.dataset.myAccount Use only lowercase when reading so this will work: element.dataset.myaccount

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  • In an Entity/Component system, can component data be implemented as a simple array of key-value pairs? [on hold]

    - by 010110110101
    I'm trying to wrap my head around how to organize components in an Entity Component Systems once everything in the current scene/level is loaded in memory. (I'm a hobbyist BTW) Some people seem to implement the Entity as an object that contains a list of of "Component" objects. Components contain data organized as an array of key-value pairs. Where the value is serialized "somehow". (pseudocode is loosely in C# for brevity) class Entity { Guid _id; List<Component> _components; } class Component { List<ComponentAttributeValue> _attributes; } class ComponentAttributeValue { string AttributeName; object AttributeValue; } Others describe Components as an in-memory "table". An entity acquires the component by having its key placed in a table. The attributes of the component-entity instance are like the columns in a table class Renderable_Component { List<RenderableComponentAttributeValue> _entities; } class RenderableComponentAttributeValue { Guid entityId; matrix4 transformation; // other stuff for rendering // everything is strongly typed } Others describe this actually as a table. (and such tables sound like an EAV database schema BTW) (and the value is serialized "somehow") Render_Component_Table ---------------- Entity Id Attribute Name Attribute Value and when brought into running code: class Entity { Guid _id; Dictionary<string, object> _attributes; } My specific question is: Given various components, (Renderable, Positionable, Explodeable, Hideable, etc) and given that each component has an attribute with a particular name, (TRANSLATION_MATRIX, PARTICLE_EMISSION_VELOCITY, CAN_HIDE, FAVORITE_COLOR, etc) should: an entity contain a list of components where each component, in turn, has their own array of named attributes with values serialized somehow or should components exist as in-memory tables of entity references and associated with each "row" there are "columns" representing the attribute with values that are specific to each entity instance and are strongly typed or all attributes be stored in an entity as a singular array of named attributes with values serialized somehow (could have name collisions) or something else???

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  • Best practice with pyGTK and Builder XML files

    - by Phoenix87
    I usually design GUI with Glade, thus producing a series of Builder XML files (one such file for each application window). Now my idea is to define a class, e.g. MainWindow, that inherits from gtk.Window and that implements all the signal handlers for the application main window. The problem is that when I retrieve the main window from the containing XML file, it is returned as a gtk.Window instance. The solution I have adopted so far is the following: I have defined a class "Window" in the following way class Window(): def __init__(self, win_name): builder = gtk.Builder() self.builder = builder builder.add_from_file("%s.glade" % win_name) self.window = builder.get_object(win_name) builder.connect_signals(self) def run(self): return self.window.run() def show_all(self): return self.window.show_all() def destroy(self): return self.window.destroy() def child(self, name): return self.builder.get_object(name) In the actual application code I have then defined a new class, say MainWindow, that inherits frow Window, and that looks like class Main(Window): def __init__(self): Window.__init__(self, "main") ### Signal handlers ##################################################### def on_mnu_file_quit_activated(self, widget, data = None): ... The string "main" refers to the main window, called "main", which resides into the XML Builder file "main.glade" (this is a sort of convention I decided to adopt). So the question is: how can I inherit from gtk.Window directly, by defining, say, the class Foo(gtk.Window), and recast the return value of builder.get_object(win_name) to Foo?

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  • Rails: Law of Demeter Confusion

    - by user2158382
    I am reading a book called Rails AntiPatterns and they talk about using delegation to to avoid breaking the Law of Demeter. Here is their prime example: They believe that calling something like this in the controller is bad (and I agree) @street = @invoice.customer.address.street Their proposed solution is to do the following: class Customer has_one :address belongs_to :invoice def street address.street end end class Invoice has_one :customer def customer_street customer.street end end @street = @invoice.customer_street They are stating that since you only use one dot, you are not breaking the Law of Demeter here. I think this is incorrect, because you are still going through customer to go through address to get the invoice's street. I primarily got this idea from a blog post I read: http://www.dan-manges.com/blog/37 In the blog post the prime example is class Wallet attr_accessor :cash end class Customer has_one :wallet # attribute delegation def cash @wallet.cash end end class Paperboy def collect_money(customer, due_amount) if customer.cash < due_ammount raise InsufficientFundsError else customer.cash -= due_amount @collected_amount += due_amount end end end The blog post states that although there is only one dot customer.cash instead of customer.wallet.cash, this code still violates the Law of Demeter. Now in the Paperboy collect_money method, we don't have two dots, we just have one in "customer.cash". Has this delegation solved our problem? Not at all. If we look at the behavior, a paperboy is still reaching directly into a customer's wallet to get cash out. EDIT I completely understand and agree that this is still a violation and I need to create a method in Wallet called withdraw that handles the payment for me and that I should call that method inside the Customer class. What I don't get is that according to this process, my first example still violates the Law of Demeter because Invoice is still reaching directly into Customer to get the street. Can somebody help me clear the confusion. I have been searching for the past 2 days trying to let this topic sink in, but it is still confusing.

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  • Java applet game design no keyboard focus

    - by Sri Harsha Chilakapati
    THIS IS PROBABLY THE WRONG PLACE. POSTED ITHERE (STACKOVERFLOW) I'm making an applet game and it is rendering, the game loop is running, the animations are updating, but the keyboard input is not working. Here's an SSCCE. public class Game extends JApplet implements Runnable { public void init(){ // Initialize the game when called by browser setFocusable(true); requestFocus(); requestFocusInWindow(); // Always returning false GInput.install(this); // Install the input manager for this class new Thread(this).start(); } public void run(){ startGameLoop(); } } And Here's the GInput class. public class GInput implements KeyListener { public static void install(Component c){ new GInput(c); } public GInput(Component c){ c.addKeyListener(this); } public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){ System.out.println("A key has been pressed"); } ...... } This is my GInput class. When run as an applet, it doesn't work and when I add the Game class to a frame, it works properly. Thanks

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  • About shared (static) Members and its behavior

    - by Allende
    I just realized that I can access shared members from instances of classes (probably this is not correct, but compile and run), and also learn/discover that, I can modify shared members, then create a new instance and access the new value of the shared member. My question is, what happens to the shared members, when it comes back to the "default" value (class declaration), how dangerous is it do this ? is it totally bad ? is it valid in some cases ?. If you want to test my point here is the code (console project vb.net) that I used to test shared members, as you can see/compile/run, the shared member "x" of the class "Hello" has default value string "Default", but at runtime it changes it, and after creating a new object of that class, this object has the new value of the shared member. Module Module1 Public Class hello Public Shared x As String = "Default" Public Sub New() End Sub End Class Sub Main() Console.WriteLine("hello.x=" & hello.x) Dim obj As New hello() Console.WriteLine("obj.x=" & obj.x) obj.x = "Default shared memeber, modified in object" Console.WriteLine("obj.x=" & obj.x) hello.x = "Defaul shared member, modified in class" Console.WriteLine("hello.x=" & hello.x) Dim obj2 As New hello() Console.WriteLine("obj2.x=" & obj2.x) Console.ReadLine() End Sub End Module UPDATE: First at all, thanks to everyone, each answer give feedback, I suppose, by respect I should choose one as "the answer", I don't want to be offensive to anyone, so please don't take it so bad if I didn't choose you answer.

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  • Sitecore Item Web API and Json.Net Test Drive (Part II –Strongly Typed)

    - by jonel
    In the earlier post I did related to this topic, I have talked about using Json.Net to consume the result of Sitecore Item Web API. In that post, I have used the keyword dynamic to express my intention of consuming the returned json of the API. In this article, I will create some useful classes to write our implementation of consuming the API using strongly-typed. We will start of with the Record class which will hold the top most elements the API will present us. Pretty straight forward class. It has 2 properties to hold the statuscode and the result elements. If you intend to use a different property name in your class from the json property, you can do so by passing a string literal of the json property name to the JsonProperty attribute and name your class property differently. If you look at the earlier post, you will notice that the API returns an array of items that contains all of the Sitecore content item or items and stores them under the result->items array element. To be able to map that array of items, we have to write a collection property and decorate that with the JsonProperty attribute. The JsonItem class is a simple class which will map to the corresponding item property contained in the array. If you notice, these properties are just the basic Sitecore fields. And here’s the main portion of this post that will binds them all together. And here’s the output of this code. In closing, the same result can be achieved using the dynamic keyword or defining classes to map the json propery returned by the Sitecore Item Web API. With a little bit more of coding, you can take advantage of power of strongly-typed solution. Have a good week ahead of you.

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  • Rails: The Law of Demeter [duplicate]

    - by user2158382
    This question already has an answer here: Rails: Law of Demeter Confusion 4 answers I am reading a book called Rails AntiPatterns and they talk about using delegation to to avoid breaking the Law of Demeter. Here is their prime example: They believe that calling something like this in the controller is bad (and I agree) @street = @invoice.customer.address.street Their proposed solution is to do the following: class Customer has_one :address belongs_to :invoice def street address.street end end class Invoice has_one :customer def customer_street customer.street end end @street = @invoice.customer_street They are stating that since you only use one dot, you are not breaking the Law of Demeter here. I think this is incorrect, because you are still going through customer to go through address to get the invoice's street. I primarily got this idea from a blog post I read: http://www.dan-manges.com/blog/37 In the blog post the prime example is class Wallet attr_accessor :cash end class Customer has_one :wallet # attribute delegation def cash @wallet.cash end end class Paperboy def collect_money(customer, due_amount) if customer.cash < due_ammount raise InsufficientFundsError else customer.cash -= due_amount @collected_amount += due_amount end end end The blog post states that although there is only one dot customer.cash instead of customer.wallet.cash, this code still violates the Law of Demeter. Now in the Paperboy collect_money method, we don't have two dots, we just have one in "customer.cash". Has this delegation solved our problem? Not at all. If we look at the behavior, a paperboy is still reaching directly into a customer's wallet to get cash out. EDIT I completely understand and agree that this is still a violation and I need to create a method in Wallet called withdraw that handles the payment for me and that I should call that method inside the Customer class. What I don't get is that according to this process, my first example still violates the Law of Demeter because Invoice is still reaching directly into Customer to get the street. Can somebody help me clear the confusion. I have been searching for the past 2 days trying to let this topic sink in, but it is still confusing.

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  • how to architect this to make it unit testable

    - by SOfanatic
    I'm currently working on a project where I'm receiving an object via web service (WSDL). The overall process is the following: Receive object - add/delete/update parts (or all) of it - and return the object with the changes made. The thing is that sometimes these changes are complicated and there is some logic involved, other databases, other web services, etc. so to facilitate this I'm creating a custom object that mimics the original one but has some enhanced functionality to make some things easier. So I'm trying to have this process: Receive original object - convert/copy it to custom object - add/delete/update - convert/copy it back to original object - return original object. Example: public class Row { public List<Field> Fields { get; set; } public string RowId { get; set; } public Row() { this.Fields = new List<Field>(); } } public class Field { public string Number { get; set; } public string Value { get; set; } } So for example, one of the "actions" to perform on this would be to find all Fields in a Row that match a Value equal to something, and update them with some other value. I have a CustomRow class that represents the Row class, how can I make this class unit testable? Do I have to create an interface ICustomRow to mock it in the unit test? If one of the actions is to sum all of the Values in the Fields that have a Number equal to 10, like this function, how can design the custom class to facilitate unit tests. Sample function: public int Sum(FieldNumber number) { return row.Fields.Where(x => x.FieldNumber.Equals(number)).Sum(x => x.FieldValue); } Am I approaching this the wrong way?

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  • Is this high coupling?

    - by Bono
    Question I'm currently working a on an assignment for school. The assignment is to create a puzzle/calculator program in which you learn how to work with different datastructures (such as Stacks). We have generate infix math strings suchs as "1 + 2 * 3 - 4" and then turn them in to postfix math strings such as "1 2 + 3 * 4 -". In my book the author creates a special class for converting the infix notation to postfix. I was planning on using this but whilst I was about to implement it I was wondering if the following is what you would call "high coupling". I have read something about this (nothing that is taught in the book or anything) and was wondering about the aspect (since I still have to grasp it). Problem I have created a PuzzleGenerator class which generates the infix notation of the puzzle (or math string, whatever you want to call it) when it's instantiated. I was going to make a method getAnswer() in which I would instantiate the InToPost class (the class from the book) to convert the infix to postfox notation and then calculate the answer. But whilst doing this I thought: "Is using the InToPost class inside this method a form a high coupling, and would it be better to place this in a different method?" (such as a "convertPostfixToInfix" method, inside the PuzzleGenerator class) Thanks in advance.

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  • pointers to member functions in an event dispatcher

    - by derivative
    For the past few days I've been trying to come up with a robust event handling system for the game (using a component based entity system, C++, OpenGL) I've been toying with. class EventDispatcher { typedef void (*CallbackFunction)(Event* event); typedef std::unordered_map<TypeInfo, std::list<CallbackFunction>, hash_TypeInfo > TypeCallbacksMap; EventQueue* global_queue_; TypeCallbacksMap callbacks_; ... } global_queue_ is a pointer to a wrapper EventQueue of std::queue<Event*> where Event is a pure virtual class. For every type of event I want to handle, I create a new derived class of Event, e.g. SetPositionEvent. TypeInfo is a wrapper on type_info. When I initialize my data, I bind functions to events in an unordered_map using TypeInfo(typeid(Event)) as the key that corresponds to a std::list of function pointers. When an event is dispatched, I iterate over the list calling the functions on that event. Those functions then static_cast the event pointer to the actual event type, so the event dispatcher needs to know very little. The actual functions that are being bound are functions for my component managers. For instance, SetPositionEvent would be handled by void PositionManager::HandleSetPositionEvent(Event* event) { SetPositionEvent* s_p_event = static_cast<SetPositionEvent*>(event); ... } The problem I'm running into is that to store a pointer to this function, it has to be static (or so everything leads me to believe.) In a perfect world, I want to store pointers member functions of a component manager that is defined in a script or whatever. It looks like I can store the instance of the component manager as well, but the typedef for this function is no longer simple and I can't find an example of how to do it. Is there a way to store a pointer to a member function of a class (along with a class instance, or, I guess a pointer to a class instance)? Is there an easier way to address this problem?

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  • [EF + Oracle]Object Context

    - by JTorrecilla
    Prologue After EF episodes I and II, we are going to see the Object Context. What is Object Context? It is a class which manages the DB connection, and the different Entities of our model. When Visual Studio creates the EF model, like I explain previously, also generates a Class that extends ObjectContext. ObjectContext provides: - DB connection - Add, update and delete functions. - Object Sets of Entities. - State of Pending Changes. This class will give a function, for each Entity, like  Esta clase va a contar con una función, para cada entidad, del tipo “AddTo{ENTITY}({Entity_Type } value)”, which are going to add a Entity to the related ObjectSet. In addition, it has a property, for each Entity, like “ObjectSet<TEntity> Entity”, does will keep the related record set. It will be filled with the CreateObjectSet<TEntity> function of Base class (ObjectContext). What is an ObjectSet? It is a class that allows us to manage the Entity Set from a Type. It inherits from: · ObjectQuery<TEntity> · IObjectSet<TEntity> · IQueryAble<TEntity · IEnumerable<TEntity · IQueryAble · IEnumerable An ObjectSet is a class property that allows query, insert, delete and update records from a determinate Entity. In following chapters we will see how to query Entities. LazyLoadingEnabled A very important property of the Context is “LazyLoadingEnabled”. This Boolean property lets indicate if the data loading is lazy, in other words, the Object will not be created and query until not be needed. Finally In this post we have seen what the VS generated context is, some of the characteristics, and where to see Entity data. In next chapters we will see, CRUD operations, and how to query ObjectSets.

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  • Informing GUI objects about screen size - Designing

    - by Mosquito
    I have a problem with designing classes for my game which I create. In my app, there is: class CGame which contains all the information about game itself, e.g. screen width, screen height, etc. In the main() function I create a pointer to CGame instance. class CGUIObject which includes fields specifying it's position and draw() method, which should know how to draw an object according to screen size. class CGUIManager which is a singleton and it includes a list of CGUIObject's. For each object in a list it just calls draw() method. For clarity's sake, I'll put some simple code: class CGame { int screenWidth; int screenHeight; }; class CGUIObject { CPoint position; void draw(); // this one needs to know what is a screen's width and height }; class CGUIManager // it's a singleton { vector<CGUIObject*> guiObjects; void drawObjects(); }; And the main.cpp: CGame* g; int main() { g = new CGame(); while(1) { CGUIManager::Instance().drawObjects(); } return 0; } Now the problem is, that each CGUIObject needs to know the screen size which is held by CGame, but I find it very dumb to include pointer to CGame instance in every object. Could anyone, please, tell me what would be the best approach to achieve this?

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  • Avoiding bloated Domain Objects

    - by djcredo
    We're trying to move data from our bloated Service layer into our Domain layer using a DDD approach. We currently have a lot of business logic in our services, which is spread out all over the place and doesn't benefit from inheritance. We have a central Domain class which is the focus of most of our work - a Trade. The Trade object will know how to price itself, how to estimate risk, validate itself, etc. We can then replace conditionals with polymorphism. Eg: SimpleTrade will price itself one way, but ComplexTrade will price itself another. However, we are worried that this will bloat the Trade class(s). It really should be in charge of its own processing but the class size is going to increase exponentially as more features are added. So we have choices: Put processing logic in Trade class. Processing logic is now polymorphic based on the type of the trade, but Trade class is now has multiple responsibilites (pricing, risk, etc) and is large Put processing logic into other class such as TradePricingService. No longer polymorphic with the Trade inheritance tree, but classes are smaller and easier to test. What would be the suggested approach?

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  • Managing game objects/components

    - by Xeon06
    Good day everyone, By far the biggest problem that has always dawned on my when programming games is how to structure my code. It just becomes an incredible mess after a while. The reason for that is because I have no idea how different classes should interact with each other. Let's have an example. Say I have a class Player, a class PlayerInput and a class Map. The player class contains information as to the location of the player, whereas the player input class handles changing that location, but by first making sure it's within a walkable area from the map class. How to structure this? My usual approach is to pass those components as parameters in the constructors of the parameters that need them, like so: var map = new Map(); var player = new Player(); var input = new PlayerInput(player, map); The problem with that is that it quickly gets messy, when you add new components you have to go through your constructors and update them, and it doesn't work well if you have mirroring references: var physics = new Physics(input); //Oops, doesn't work var input = new Input(physics); So, how do you guys usually manage this? Thanks.

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  • Java Program Compilaton on Windows [closed]

    - by Mc Elroy
    I am trying to compile my program on the command line on windows using the java command and it says: Error: could not find or load main class or addition class It is for a program for adding two integers. I don't understand how to resolve the problem since I defined the static main class in my source code here is it: //Filename:addition.java //Usage: this program adds two numbers and displays their sum. //Author: Nyah Check, Developer @ Ink Corp.. //Licence: No warranty following the GNU Public licence import java.util.Scanner; //this imports the scanner class. public class addition { public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);//this creates scanners instance to take input from the input. int input1, input2, sum; System.out.printf("\nEnter First Integer: "); input1 = input.nextInt(); System.out.printf("\nEnter Second Integer: "); input2 = input.nextInt(); sum = input1 + input2; System.out.printf("\nThe Sum is: %d", sum); } }//This ends the class definition

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  • Wicket, Spring and Hibernate - Testing with Unitils - Error: Table not found in statement [select re

    - by John
    Hi there. I've been following a tutorial and a sample application, namely 5 Days of Wicket - Writing the tests: http://www.mysticcoders.com/blog/2009/03/10/5-days-of-wicket-writing-the-tests/ I've set up my own little project with a simple shoutbox that saves messages to a database. I then wanted to set up a couple of tests that would make sure that if a message is stored in the database, the retrieved object would contain the exact same data. Upon running mvn test all my tests fail. The exception has been pasted in the first code box underneath. I've noticed that even though my unitils.properties says to use the 'hdqldb'-dialect, this message is still output in the console window when starting the tests: INFO - Dialect - Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect. I've added the entire dump from the console as well at the bottom of this post (which goes on for miles and miles :-)). Upon running mvn test all my tests fail, and the exception is: Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Table not found in statement [select relname from pg_class] at org.hsqldb.jdbc.Util.sqlException(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.jdbc.jdbcStatement.fetchResult(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.jdbc.jdbcStatement.executeQuery(Unknown Source) at org.apache.commons.dbcp.DelegatingStatement.executeQuery(DelegatingStatement.java:188) at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.DatabaseMetadata.initSequences(DatabaseMetadata.java:151) at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.DatabaseMetadata.(DatabaseMetadata.java:69) at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.DatabaseMetadata.(DatabaseMetadata.java:62) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean$3.doInHibernate(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:958) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:419) ... 49 more I've set up my unitils.properties file like so: database.driverClassName=org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver database.url=jdbc:hsqldb:mem:PUBLIC database.userName=sa database.password= database.dialect=hsqldb database.schemaNames=PUBLIC My abstract IntegrationTest class: @SpringApplicationContext({"/com/upbeat/shoutbox/spring/applicationContext.xml", "applicationContext-test.xml"}) public abstract class AbstractIntegrationTest extends UnitilsJUnit4 { private ApplicationContext applicationContext; } applicationContext-test.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"? <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd" <bean id="dataSource" class="org.unitils.database.UnitilsDataSourceFactoryBean"/ </beans and finally, one of the test classes: package com.upbeat.shoutbox.web; import org.apache.wicket.spring.injection.annot.test.AnnotApplicationContextMock; import org.apache.wicket.util.tester.WicketTester; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.unitils.spring.annotation.SpringBeanByType; import com.upbeat.shoutbox.HomePage; import com.upbeat.shoutbox.integrations.AbstractIntegrationTest; import com.upbeat.shoutbox.persistence.ShoutItemDao; import com.upbeat.shoutbox.services.ShoutService; public class TestHomePage extends AbstractIntegrationTest { @SpringBeanByType private ShoutService svc; @SpringBeanByType private ShoutItemDao dao; protected WicketTester tester; @Before public void setUp() { AnnotApplicationContextMock appctx = new AnnotApplicationContextMock(); appctx.putBean("shoutItemDao", dao); appctx.putBean("shoutService", svc); tester = new WicketTester(); } @Test public void testRenderMyPage() { //start and render the test page tester.startPage(HomePage.class); //assert rendered page class tester.assertRenderedPage(HomePage.class); //assert rendered label component tester.assertLabel("message", "If you see this message wicket is properly configured and running"); } } Dump from console when running mvn test: [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building shoutbox [INFO] task-segment: [test] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [resources:resources {execution: default-resources}] [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding Cp1252, i.e. build is platform dependent! [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 3 resources [INFO] Copying 4 resources [INFO] [compiler:compile {execution: default-compile}] [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [resources:testResources {execution: default-testResources}] [WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding Cp1252, i.e. build is platform dependent! [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 2 resources [INFO] [compiler:testCompile {execution: default-testCompile}] [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [surefire:test {execution: default-test}] [INFO] Surefire report directory: F:\Projects\shoutbox\target\surefire-reports INFO - ConfigurationLoader - Loaded main configuration file unitils-default.properties from classpath. INFO - ConfigurationLoader - Loaded custom configuration file unitils.properties from classpath. INFO - ConfigurationLoader - No local configuration file unitils-local.properties found. ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running com.upbeat.shoutbox.web.TestViewShoutsPage Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.02 sec INFO - Version - Hibernate Annotations 3.4.0.GA INFO - Environment - Hibernate 3.3.0.SP1 INFO - Environment - hibernate.properties not found INFO - Environment - Bytecode provider name : javassist INFO - Environment - using JDK 1.4 java.sql.Timestamp handling INFO - Version - Hibernate Commons Annotations 3.1.0.GA INFO - AnnotationBinder - Binding entity from annotated class: com.upbeat.shoutbox.models.ShoutItem INFO - QueryBinder - Binding Named query: item.getById = from ShoutItem item where item.id = :id INFO - QueryBinder - Binding Named query: item.find = from ShoutItem item order by item.timestamp desc INFO - QueryBinder - Binding Named query: item.count = select count(item) from ShoutItem item INFO - EntityBinder - Bind entity com.upbeat.shoutbox.models.ShoutItem on table SHOUT_ITEMS INFO - AnnotationConfiguration - Hibernate Validator not found: ignoring INFO - notationSessionFactoryBean - Building new Hibernate SessionFactory INFO - earchEventListenerRegister - Unable to find org.hibernate.search.event.FullTextIndexEventListener on the classpath. Hibernate Search is not enabled. INFO - ConnectionProviderFactory - Initializing connection provider: org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalDataSourceConnectionProvider INFO - SettingsFactory - RDBMS: HSQL Database Engine, version: 1.8.0 INFO - SettingsFactory - JDBC driver: HSQL Database Engine Driver, version: 1.8.0 INFO - Dialect - Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect INFO - TransactionFactoryFactory - Transaction strategy: org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SpringTransactionFactory INFO - actionManagerLookupFactory - No TransactionManagerLookup configured (in JTA environment, use of read-write or transactional second-level cache is not recommended) INFO - SettingsFactory - Automatic flush during beforeCompletion(): disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Automatic session close at end of transaction: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - JDBC batch size: 1000 INFO - SettingsFactory - JDBC batch updates for versioned data: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Scrollable result sets: enabled INFO - SettingsFactory - JDBC3 getGeneratedKeys(): disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Connection release mode: auto INFO - SettingsFactory - Default batch fetch size: 1 INFO - SettingsFactory - Generate SQL with comments: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Order SQL updates by primary key: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Order SQL inserts for batching: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Query translator: org.hibernate.hql.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory INFO - ASTQueryTranslatorFactory - Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory INFO - SettingsFactory - Query language substitutions: {} INFO - SettingsFactory - JPA-QL strict compliance: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Second-level cache: enabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Query cache: enabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Cache region factory : org.hibernate.cache.impl.bridge.RegionFactoryCacheProviderBridge INFO - FactoryCacheProviderBridge - Cache provider: org.hibernate.cache.HashtableCacheProvider INFO - SettingsFactory - Optimize cache for minimal puts: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Structured second-level cache entries: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Query cache factory: org.hibernate.cache.StandardQueryCacheFactory INFO - SettingsFactory - Echoing all SQL to stdout INFO - SettingsFactory - Statistics: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Deleted entity synthetic identifier rollback: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Default entity-mode: pojo INFO - SettingsFactory - Named query checking : enabled INFO - SessionFactoryImpl - building session factory INFO - essionFactoryObjectFactory - Not binding factory to JNDI, no JNDI name configured INFO - UpdateTimestampsCache - starting update timestamps cache at region: org.hibernate.cache.UpdateTimestampsCache INFO - StandardQueryCache - starting query cache at region: org.hibernate.cache.StandardQueryCache INFO - notationSessionFactoryBean - Updating database schema for Hibernate SessionFactory INFO - Dialect - Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect INFO - XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [org/springframework/jdbc/support/sql-error-codes.xml] INFO - SQLErrorCodesFactory - SQLErrorCodes loaded: [DB2, Derby, H2, HSQL, Informix, MS-SQL, MySQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, Sybase] INFO - DefaultListableBeanFactory - Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@3e0ebb: defining beans [propertyConfigurer,dataSource,sessionFactory,shoutService,shoutItemDao,wicketApplication,org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator,org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource#0,org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor#0,org.springframework.transaction.config.internalTransactionAdvisor,transactionManager]; root of factory hierarchy INFO - sPathXmlApplicationContext - Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@a8e586: display name [org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@a8e586]; startup date [Tue May 04 18:19:58 CEST 2010]; root of context hierarchy INFO - XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [com/upbeat/shoutbox/spring/applicationContext.xml] INFO - XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext-test.xml] INFO - DefaultListableBeanFactory - Overriding bean definition for bean 'dataSource': replacing [Generic bean: class [org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource]; scope=singleton; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=close; defined in class path resource [com/upbeat/shoutbox/spring/applicationContext.xml]] with [Generic bean: class [org.unitils.database.UnitilsDataSourceFactoryBean]; scope=singleton; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null; defined in class path resource [applicationContext-test.xml]] INFO - sPathXmlApplicationContext - Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@a8e586]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@5dfaf1 INFO - pertyPlaceholderConfigurer - Loading properties file from class path resource [application.properties] INFO - DefaultListableBeanFactory - Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@5dfaf1: defining beans [propertyConfigurer,dataSource,sessionFactory,shoutService,shoutItemDao,wicketApplication,org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator,org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource#0,org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor#0,org.springframework.transaction.config.internalTransactionAdvisor,transactionManager]; root of factory hierarchy INFO - AnnotationBinder - Binding entity from annotated class: com.upbeat.shoutbox.models.ShoutItem INFO - QueryBinder - Binding Named query: item.getById = from ShoutItem item where item.id = :id INFO - QueryBinder - Binding Named query: item.find = from ShoutItem item order by item.timestamp desc INFO - QueryBinder - Binding Named query: item.count = select count(item) from ShoutItem item INFO - EntityBinder - Bind entity com.upbeat.shoutbox.models.ShoutItem on table SHOUT_ITEMS INFO - AnnotationConfiguration - Hibernate Validator not found: ignoring INFO - notationSessionFactoryBean - Building new Hibernate SessionFactory INFO - earchEventListenerRegister - Unable to find org.hibernate.search.event.FullTextIndexEventListener on the classpath. Hibernate Search is not enabled. INFO - ConnectionProviderFactory - Initializing connection provider: org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalDataSourceConnectionProvider INFO - SettingsFactory - RDBMS: HSQL Database Engine, version: 1.8.0 INFO - SettingsFactory - JDBC driver: HSQL Database Engine Driver, version: 1.8.0 INFO - Dialect - Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect INFO - TransactionFactoryFactory - Transaction strategy: org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SpringTransactionFactory INFO - actionManagerLookupFactory - No TransactionManagerLookup configured (in JTA environment, use of read-write or transactional second-level cache is not recommended) INFO - SettingsFactory - Automatic flush during beforeCompletion(): disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Automatic session close at end of transaction: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - JDBC batch size: 1000 INFO - SettingsFactory - JDBC batch updates for versioned data: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Scrollable result sets: enabled INFO - SettingsFactory - JDBC3 getGeneratedKeys(): disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Connection release mode: auto INFO - SettingsFactory - Default batch fetch size: 1 INFO - SettingsFactory - Generate SQL with comments: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Order SQL updates by primary key: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Order SQL inserts for batching: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Query translator: org.hibernate.hql.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory INFO - ASTQueryTranslatorFactory - Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory INFO - SettingsFactory - Query language substitutions: {} INFO - SettingsFactory - JPA-QL strict compliance: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Second-level cache: enabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Query cache: enabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Cache region factory : org.hibernate.cache.impl.bridge.RegionFactoryCacheProviderBridge INFO - FactoryCacheProviderBridge - Cache provider: org.hibernate.cache.HashtableCacheProvider INFO - SettingsFactory - Optimize cache for minimal puts: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Structured second-level cache entries: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Query cache factory: org.hibernate.cache.StandardQueryCacheFactory INFO - SettingsFactory - Echoing all SQL to stdout INFO - SettingsFactory - Statistics: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Deleted entity synthetic identifier rollback: disabled INFO - SettingsFactory - Default entity-mode: pojo INFO - SettingsFactory - Named query checking : enabled INFO - SessionFactoryImpl - building session factory INFO - essionFactoryObjectFactory - Not binding factory to JNDI, no JNDI name configured INFO - UpdateTimestampsCache - starting update timestamps cache at region: org.hibernate.cache.UpdateTimestampsCache INFO - StandardQueryCache - starting query cache at region: org.hibernate.cache.StandardQueryCache INFO - notationSessionFactoryBean - Updating database schema for Hibernate SessionFactory INFO - Dialect - Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect INFO - DefaultListableBeanFactory - Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@5dfaf1: defining beans [propertyConfigurer,dataSource,sessionFactory,shoutService,shoutItemDao,wicketApplication,org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator,org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource#0,org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor#0,org.springframework.transaction.config.internalTransactionAdvisor,transactionManager]; root of factory hierarchy Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 1.34 sec <<< FAILURE! Running com.upbeat.shoutbox.integrations.ShoutItemIntegrationTest Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0 sec <<< FAILURE! Running com.upbeat.shoutbox.mocks.ShoutServiceTest Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.01 sec <<< FAILURE! Results : Tests in error: initializationError(com.upbeat.shoutbox.web.TestViewShoutsPage) testRenderMyPage(com.upbeat.shoutbox.web.TestHomePage) initializationError(com.upbeat.shoutbox.integrations.ShoutItemIntegrationTest) initializationError(com.upbeat.shoutbox.mocks.ShoutServiceTest) Tests run: 4, Failures: 0, Errors: 4, Skipped: 0 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [ERROR] BUILD FAILURE [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] There are test failures. Please refer to F:\Projects\shoutbox\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results. [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] For more information, run Maven with the -e switch [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 3 seconds [INFO] Finished at: Tue May 04 18:19:58 CEST 2010 [INFO] Final Memory: 13M/31M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Any help is greatly appreciated.

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  • Click event to a Gwt-connector

    - by sprasad12
    Hi, I am trying to add click event to one of the widgets that use gwt-connector. Here is the code: public class Diagrams extends Diagram implements HasClickHandlers{ public Diagrams(AbsolutePanel boundaryPanel) { super(boundaryPanel); } @Override public HandlerRegistration addClickHandler(ClickHandler handler) { return addDomHandler(handler, ClickEvent.getType()); } @Override public void fireEvent(GwtEvent<?> event) { } } Here Diagram is a gwt-connector class. Here is the link to the Diagram class and also link to GWT-Connector. Question: Am i doing anything wrong in the code while adding the clickhandler? I am getting error saying that addDomHandler is undefined for the type Diagrams. are there limitations for adding click handlers? Any input will be of great help. Thank you.

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  • Sparx Enterprise Architect conversion (from source to UML)

    - by user228938
    I need to make a UML class diagram for a project. I used Sparx Enterprise Architect in the past to generate source code from a diagram so I'm using that. The project is complete so all of the code is done and I don't really want to write all the classes / functions manually, so I was trying to generate the diagram from the source code but can't seem to find a way to do it. I searched online and on their website but nothing. Any help appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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  • HTML: Nesting DIVs problem

    - by mawg
    I am coding a form generator. So far, so good, then I decided to give it a real test. I made a form with some nested each holding a few controls. I will post the HTML at the end. If you load it into a browser, it renders, but is obviously wrong. I had previously tested using the W3C validator and things were fine, but that was for non nested. When I validate a form with nested I get errors: Error Line 13, Column 117: document type does not allow element "DIV" here …style="position: absolute; top:88px; left: 256px; width: 145px; height: 21px;"> So, how do I correct that? What do I do with nested FIELDSETs? Here's the complete HTML <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title></title> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"> </head> <body> <form action="C:\temp\an_elogger_test.php" method="get"><div class="TGroupBox" id="GroupBox1"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:24px; left:24px; width: 449px; height: 473px;"> <legend>GroupBox1</legend> <div class="TPanel" id="Panel1"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:64px; left:64px; width: 361px; height: 217px;"> <div class="TComboBox" id="ComboBox1" style="position: absolute; top:88px; left: 256px; width: 145px; height: 21px;"> <select name="ComboBox1"> </select> </div> <div class="TGroupBox" id="GroupBox2"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:80px; left:88px; width: 145px; height: 177px;"> <legend>GroupBox2</legend> <div class="TCheckBox" id="CheckBox1" style="position: absolute; top:112px; left: 104px; width: 97px; height: 17px;">CheckBox1<input type="checkbox" name="CheckBox1" value="CheckBox1Checked"></div> <div class="TCheckBox" id="CheckBox2" style="position: absolute; top:152px; left: 112px; width: 97px; height: 17px;">CheckBox2<input type="checkbox" name="CheckBox2" value="CheckBox2Checked"checked="checked"></div> </fieldset> </div> <div class="TRadioGroup" id="RadioGroup2"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:128px; left: 264px; width: 145px; height: 137px;"><legend>RadioGroup2</legend> eins: <input type="radio" name="RadioGroup2" value="eins" checked><br> zwei: <input type="radio" name="RadioGroup2" value="zwei"><br> drei: <input type="radio" name="RadioGroup2" value="drei"><br> </fieldset> </div> </fieldset> </div> <div class="TMemo" id="Memo1"><textarea name="Memo1" rows="8" cols="13" style="position: absolute; top:320px; left: 88px; width: 185px; height: 89px;"> </textarea> </div> <div class="TComboBox" id="ComboBox2" style="position: absolute; top:328px; left: 296px; width: 145px; height: 21px;"> <select name="ComboBox2"> <option value="a">a</option> <option value="b">b</option> <option value="c">c</option> <option value="d" selected="selected">d</option> <option value="e">e</option> </select> </div> </fieldset> </div> <div class="TPanel" id="Panel2"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:32px; left:520px; width: 425px; height: 449px;"> <div class="TPanel" id="Panel3"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:64px; left:552px; width: 345px; height: 185px;"> <div class="TMemo" id="Memo2"><textarea name="Memo2" rows="8" cols="13" style="position: absolute; top:88px; left: 584px; width: 185px; height: 89px;"> You may wish to leave this memo emptyOr perpahaps give instructions aboout what should be written here</textarea> </div> <div class="TEdit" id="Edit1" style="position: absolute; top:200px; left: 600px; width: 121px; height: 21px;"><input type="text" name="Edit1"value="Insert text here"></div> </fieldset> </div> <div class="TGroupBox" id="GroupBox3"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:272px; left:552px; width: 345px; height: 185px;"> <legend>GroupBox3</legend> <div class="TPanel" id="Panel4"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:304px; left:584px; width: 177px; height: 137px;"> <div class="TRadioGroup" id="RadioGroup1"> <fieldset style="position: absolute; top:312px; left: 600px; width: 97px; height: 105px;"><legend>RadioGroup1</legend> one: <input type="radio" name="RadioGroup1" value="one"><br> two: <input type="radio" name="RadioGroup1" value="two" checked><br> three: <input type="radio" name="RadioGroup1" value="three"><br> </fieldset> </div> </fieldset> </div> <div class="TEdit" id="Edit2" style="position: absolute; top:320px; left: 776px; width: 105px; height: 21px;"><input type="text" name="Edit2"></div> </fieldset> </div> </fieldset> </div> <div align="center" style="margin: auto"><input type="submit" name="submitButton" value="Submit" style="position:absolute;top:522px;"></div> </form> </body> </html>

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  • Layering of CSS with z-index

    - by Matt Hintzke
    I have a created a 3 circle venn diagram using pure CSS3 and each circle has a :hover event attached to it. I also have an image of an arrow which is pointing to the center of the venn diagram. I want the arrow to visually appear to be on top of the circles, so I put the z-index higher on the arrow than the circles. The problem now, is that the :hover event does not trigger on half of the venn diagram now because the arrow image is on top, which causes the hover to be on top of the arrow rather than the circle that I want it to be over. So is it possible to make an element have a high z-index visually but not programmatically?

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  • Simple graphics import and manipulation

    - by gnuboi
    What do I need to do something like this? User builds a diagram and tags certain boxes and circles with text. User imports diagram into my program. My program processes the tagged boxes and circles and fills them with different colors. My program exports color-filled diagram. So the questions are... What graphics format supports tag-able boxes and circles? What existing application should I recommend users to use to produce diagrams in the above format? Would this graphics format be very easily readable in code to do things like reading tags and coloring in the associated boxes and circles? Free / open source libraries and apps are desired as this would be for academic use. Thank you!

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  • What is New in ASP.NET 4.0 Code Access Security

    - by Xiaohong
    ASP.NET Code Access Security (CAS) is a feature that helps protect server applications on hosting multiple Web sites, ASP.NET lets you assign a configurable trust level that corresponds to a predefined set of permissions. ASP.NET has predefined ASP.NET Trust Levels and Policy Files that you can assign to applications, you also can assign custom trust level and policy files. Most web hosting companies run ASP.NET applications in Medium Trust to prevent that one website affect or harm another site etc. As .NET Framework's Code Access Security model has evolved, ASP.NET 4.0 Code Access Security also has introduced several changes and improvements. The main change in ASP.NET 4.0 CAS In ASP.NET v4.0 partial trust applications, application domain can have a default partial trust permission set as opposed to being full-trust, the permission set name is defined in the <trust /> new attribute permissionSetName that is used to initialize the application domain . By default, the PermissionSetName attribute value is "ASP.Net" which is the name of the permission set you can find in all predefined partial trust configuration files. <trust level="Something" permissionSetName="ASP.Net" /> This is ASP.NET 4.0 new CAS model. For compatibility ASP.NET 4.0 also support legacy CAS model where application domain still has full trust permission set. You can specify new legacyCasModel attribute on the <trust /> element to indicate whether the legacy CAS model is enabled. By default legacyCasModel is false which means that new 4.0 CAS model is the default. <trust level="Something" legacyCasModel="true|false" /> In .Net FX 4.0 Config directory, there are two set of predefined partial trust config files for each new CAS model and legacy CAS model, trust config files with name legacy.XYZ.config are for legacy CAS model: New CAS model: Legacy CAS model: web_hightrust.config legacy.web_hightrust.config web_mediumtrust.config legacy.web_mediumtrust.config web_lowtrust.config legacy.web_lowtrust.config web_minimaltrust.config legacy.web_minimaltrust.config   The figure below shows in ASP.NET 4.0 new CAS model what permission set to grant to code for partial trust application using predefined partial trust levels and policy files:    There also some benefits that comes with the new CAS model: You can lock down a machine by making all managed code no-execute by default (e.g. setting the MyComputer zone to have no managed execution code permissions), it should still be possible to configure ASP.NET web applications to run as either full-trust or partial trust. UNC share doesn’t require full trust with CASPOL at machine-level CAS policy. Side effect that comes with the new CAS model: processRequestInApplicationTrust attribute is deprecated  in new CAS model since application domain always has partial trust permission set in new CAS model.   In ASP.NET 4.0 legacy CAS model or ASP.NET 2.0 CAS model, even though you assign partial trust level to a application but the application domain still has full trust permission set. The figure below shows in ASP.NET 4.0 legacy CAS model (or ASP.NET 2.0 CAS model) what permission set to grant to code for partial trust application using predefined partial trust levels and policy files:     What $AppDirUrl$, $CodeGen$, $Gac$ represents: $AppDirUrl$ The application's virtual root directory. This allows permissions to be applied to code that is located in the application's bin directory. For example, if a virtual directory is mapped to C:\YourWebApp, then $AppDirUrl$ would equate to C:\YourWebApp. $CodeGen$ The directory that contains dynamically generated assemblies (for example, the result of .aspx page compiles). This can be configured on a per application basis and defaults to %windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\{version}\Temporary ASP.NET Files. $CodeGen$ allows permissions to be applied to dynamically generated assemblies. $Gac$ Any assembly that is installed in the computer's global assembly cache (GAC). This allows permissions to be granted to strong named assemblies loaded from the GAC by the Web application.   The new customization of CAS Policy in ASP.NET 4.0 new CAS model 1. Define which named permission set in partial trust configuration files By default the permission set that will be assigned at application domain initialization time is the named "ASP.Net" permission set found in all predefined partial trust configuration files. However ASP.NET 4.0 allows you set PermissionSetName attribute to define which named permission set in a partial trust configuration file should be the one used to initialize an application domain. Example: add "ASP.Net_2" named permission set in partial trust configuration file: <PermissionSet class="NamedPermissionSet" version="1" Name="ASP.Net_2"> <IPermission class="FileIOPermission" version="1" Read="$AppDir$" PathDiscovery="$AppDir$" /> <IPermission class="ReflectionPermission" version="1" Flags ="RestrictedMemberAccess" /> <IPermission class="SecurityPermission " version="1" Flags ="Execution, ControlThread, ControlPrincipal, RemotingConfiguration" /></PermissionSet> Then you can use "ASP.Net_2" named permission set for the application domain permission set: <trust level="Something" legacyCasModel="false" permissionSetName="ASP.Net_2" /> 2. Define a custom set of Full Trust Assemblies for an application By using the new fullTrustAssemblies element to configure a set of Full Trust Assemblies for an application, you can modify set of partial trust assemblies to full trust at the machine, site or application level. The configuration definition is shown below: <fullTrustAssemblies> <add assemblyName="MyAssembly" version="1.1.2.3" publicKey="hex_char_representation_of_key_blob" /></fullTrustAssemblies> 3. Define <CodeGroup /> policy in partial trust configuration files ASP.NET 4.0 new CAS model will retain the ability for developers to optionally define <CodeGroup />with membership conditions and assigned permission sets. The specific restriction in ASP.NET 4.0 new CAS model though will be that the results of evaluating custom policies can only result in one of two outcomes: either an assembly is granted full trust, or an assembly is granted the partial trust permission set currently associated with the running application domain. It will not be possible to use custom policies to create additional custom partial trust permission sets. When parsing the partial trust configuration file: Any assemblies that match to code groups associated with "PermissionSet='FullTrust'" will run at full trust. Any assemblies that match to code groups associated with "PermissionSet='Nothing'" will result in a PolicyError being thrown from the CLR. This is acceptable since it provides administrators with a way to do a blanket-deny of managed code followed by selectively defining policy in a <CodeGroup /> that re-adds assemblies that would be allowed to run. Any assemblies that match to code groups associated with other permissions sets will be interpreted to mean the assembly should run at the permission set of the appdomain. This means that even though syntactically a developer could define additional "flavors" of partial trust in an ASP.NET partial trust configuration file, those "flavors" will always be ignored. Example: defines full trust in <CodeGroup /> for my strong named assemblies in partial trust config files: <CodeGroup class="FirstMatchCodeGroup" version="1" PermissionSetName="Nothing"> <IMembershipCondition    class="AllMembershipCondition"    version="1" /> <CodeGroup    class="UnionCodeGroup"    version="1"    PermissionSetName="FullTrust"    Name="My_Strong_Name"    Description="This code group grants code signed full trust. "> <IMembershipCondition      class="StrongNameMembershipCondition" version="1"       PublicKeyBlob="hex_char_representation_of_key_blob" /> </CodeGroup> <CodeGroup   class="UnionCodeGroup" version="1" PermissionSetName="ASP.Net">   <IMembershipCondition class="UrlMembershipCondition" version="1" Url="$AppDirUrl$/*" /> </CodeGroup> <CodeGroup class="UnionCodeGroup" version="1" PermissionSetName="ASP.Net">   <IMembershipCondition class="UrlMembershipCondition" version="1" Url="$CodeGen$/*"   /> </CodeGroup></CodeGroup>   4. Customize CAS policy at runtime in ASP.NET 4.0 new CAS model ASP.NET 4.0 new CAS model allows to customize CAS policy at runtime by using custom HostSecurityPolicyResolver that overrides the ASP.NET code access security policy. Example: use custom host security policy resolver to resolve partial trust web application bin folder MyTrustedAssembly.dll to full trust at runtime: You can create a custom host security policy resolver and compile it to assembly MyCustomResolver.dll with strong name enabled and deploy in GAC: public class MyCustomResolver : HostSecurityPolicyResolver{ public override HostSecurityPolicyResults ResolvePolicy(Evidence evidence) { IEnumerator hostEvidence = evidence.GetHostEnumerator(); while (hostEvidence.MoveNext()) { object hostEvidenceObject = hostEvidence.Current; if (hostEvidenceObject is System.Security.Policy.Url) { string assemblyName = hostEvidenceObject.ToString(); if (assemblyName.Contains(“MyTrustedAssembly.dll”) return HostSecurityPolicyResult.FullTrust; } } //default fall-through return HostSecurityPolicyResult.DefaultPolicy; }} Because ASP.NET accesses the custom HostSecurityPolicyResolver during application domain initialization, and a custom policy resolver requires full trust, you also can add a custom policy resolver in <fullTrustAssemblies /> , or deploy in the GAC. You also need configure a custom HostSecurityPolicyResolver instance by adding the HostSecurityPolicyResolverType attribute in the <trust /> element: <trust level="Something" legacyCasModel="false" hostSecurityPolicyResolverType="MyCustomResolver, MyCustomResolver" permissionSetName="ASP.Net" />   Note: If an assembly policy define in <CodeGroup/> and also in hostSecurityPolicyResolverType, hostSecurityPolicyResolverType will win. If an assembly added in <fullTrustAssemblies/> then the assembly has full trust no matter what policy in <CodeGroup/> or in hostSecurityPolicyResolverType.   Other changes in ASP.NET 4.0 CAS Use the new transparency model introduced in .Net Framework 4.0 Change in dynamically compiled code generated assemblies by ASP.NET: In new CAS model they will be marked as security transparent level2 to use Framework 4.0 security transparent rule that means partial trust code is treated as completely Transparent and it is more strict enforcement. In legacy CAS model they will be marked as security transparent level1 to use Framework 2.0 security transparent rule for compatibility. Most of ASP.NET products runtime assemblies are also changed to be marked as security transparent level2 to switch to SecurityTransparent code by default unless SecurityCritical or SecuritySafeCritical attribute specified. You also can look at Security Changes in the .NET Framework 4 for more information about these security attributes. Support conditional APTCA If an assembly is marked with the Conditional APTCA attribute to allow partially trusted callers, and if you want to make the assembly both visible and accessible to partial-trust code in your web application, you must add a reference to the assembly in the partialTrustVisibleAssemblies section: <partialTrustVisibleAssemblies> <add assemblyName="MyAssembly" publicKey="hex_char_representation_of_key_blob" />/partialTrustVisibleAssemblies>   Most of ASP.NET products runtime assemblies are also changed to be marked as conditional APTCA to prevent use of ASP.NET APIs in partial trust environments such as Winforms or WPF UI controls hosted in Internet Explorer.   Differences between ASP.NET new CAS model and legacy CAS model: Here list some differences between ASP.NET new CAS model and legacy CAS model ASP.NET 4.0 legacy CAS model  : Asp.net partial trust appdomains have full trust permission Multiple different permission sets in a single appdomain are allowed in ASP.NET partial trust configuration files Code groups Machine CAS policy is honored processRequestInApplicationTrust attribute is still honored    New configuration setting for legacy model: <trust level="Something" legacyCASModel="true" ></trust><partialTrustVisibleAssemblies> <add assemblyName="MyAssembly" publicKey="hex_char_representation_of_key_blob" /></partialTrustVisibleAssemblies>   ASP.NET 4.0 new CAS model: ASP.NET will now run in homogeneous application domains. Only full trust or the app-domain's partial trust grant set, are allowable permission sets. It is no longer possible to define arbitrary permission sets that get assigned to different assemblies. If an application currently depends on fine-tuning the partial trust permission set using the ASP.NET partial trust configuration file, this will no longer be possible. processRequestInApplicationTrust attribute is deprecated Dynamically compiled assemblies output by ASP.NET build providers will be updated to explicitly mark assemblies as transparent. ASP.NET partial trust grant sets will be independent from any enterprise, machine, or user CAS policy levels. A simplified model for locking down web servers that only allows trusted managed web applications to run. Machine policy used to always grant full-trust to managed code (based on membership conditions) can instead be configured using the new ASP.NET 4.0 full-trust assembly configuration section. The full-trust assembly configuration section requires explicitly listing each assembly as opposed to using membership conditions. Alternatively, the membership condition(s) used in machine policy can instead be re-defined in a <CodeGroup /> within ASP.NET's partial trust configuration file to grant full-trust.   New configuration setting for new model: <trust level="Something" legacyCASModel="false" permissionSetName="ASP.Net" hostSecurityPolicyResolverType=".NET type string" ></trust><fullTrustAssemblies> <add assemblyName=”MyAssembly” version=”1.0.0.0” publicKey="hex_char_representation_of_key_blob" /></fullTrustAssemblies><partialTrustVisibleAssemblies> <add assemblyName="MyAssembly" publicKey="hex_char_representation_of_key_blob" /></partialTrustVisibleAssemblies>     Hope this post is helpful to better understand the ASP.Net 4.0 CAS. Xiaohong Tang ASP.NET QA Team

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